CCIE Voice Lab Workbook
CCIE Voice Lab Workbook
CCBOOTCAMP’s
CCIE® Voice Lab Workbook
Vol 1 For CCM 4.1(3)
Email :
[email protected]
Toll Free :
(877) NLI-CCIE (654-2243)
Int: +1 (702) 968-5100
WebSite :
www.ccbootcamp.com
www.routerie.com
www.securityie.com
www.voiceie.com
CCBOOTCAMP’s CCIE Voice
Lab Workbook
Volume 1
(Labs 1 – 5)
The practice labs for NLI’s CCIE Voice Lab are licensed by individual user. They can
not be resold or have the price shared in any way. We have invested a significant
amount of time and money into developing these labs.
“Cisco” the “Cisco Logo,” “CCNA,” “CCNP,” “CCDP,” “CCDA,” “CCVP,” “CCIE,”
“Cisco Certified Network Associate,” “Cisco Certified Network Professional,” “Cisco
Certified Design Professional,” “Cisco Certified Design Associate,” “Cisco Certified
Voice Professional,” and “Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert,” are registered
trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. The contents contained wherein, are not
associated with or endorsed by Cisco Systems, Inc.
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 7
LICENSE AGREEMENT: ...................................................................................................... 9
LAB 1 .............................................................................................................................. 11
INITIAL CONFIGURATIONS ..................................................................................................... 12
NETWORK SETUP ............................................................................................................... 14
PSTN CONNECTIVITY .......................................................................................................... 14
DIAL PLAN ....................................................................................................................... 15
GATEWAYS AND GATEKEEPER ................................................................................................. 16
CLASS OF SERVICE ............................................................................................................. 16
CALL ROUTING .................................................................................................................. 17
MEDIA RESOURCES ............................................................................................................. 18
CALL ADMISSION CONTROL ................................................................................................... 18
UNITY ............................................................................................................................ 19
HIGH AVAILABILITY ............................................................................................................ 19
QUALITY OF SERVICE ........................................................................................................... 19
IPCC EXPRESS ................................................................................................................. 20
LAB 2 .............................................................................................................................. 21
INITIAL CONFIGURATIONS ..................................................................................................... 22
NETWORK SETUP ............................................................................................................... 24
PSTN CONNECTIVITY .......................................................................................................... 24
DIAL PLAN ....................................................................................................................... 25
GATEWAYS AND GATEKEEPER ................................................................................................. 26
CLASS OF SERVICE ............................................................................................................. 27
CALL ROUTING .................................................................................................................. 27
MEDIA RESOURCES ............................................................................................................. 28
CALL ADMISSION CONTROL ................................................................................................... 29
UNITY ............................................................................................................................ 29
HIGH AVAILABILITY ............................................................................................................ 30
QUALITY OF SERVICE ........................................................................................................... 30
LAB 3 .............................................................................................................................. 31
INITIAL CONFIGURATIONS ..................................................................................................... 32
NETWORK SETUP ............................................................................................................... 34
PSTN CONNECTIVITY .......................................................................................................... 34
DIAL PLAN ....................................................................................................................... 35
GATEWAYS AND GATEKEEPER ................................................................................................. 36
CLASS OF SERVICE ............................................................................................................. 36
CALL ROUTING .................................................................................................................. 37
MEDIA RESOURCES ............................................................................................................. 38
CALL ADMISSION CONTROL ................................................................................................... 39
UNITY ............................................................................................................................ 39
HIGH AVAILABILITY ............................................................................................................ 40
QUALITY OF SERVICE ........................................................................................................... 41
IPCC EXPRESS ................................................................................................................. 41
LAB 4 .............................................................................................................................. 42
INITIAL CONFIGURATIONS ..................................................................................................... 43
NETWORK SETUP ............................................................................................................... 45
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Network Learning CCIE Voice Lab Workbook Volume.
This book is geared towards voice engineers who need to practice and perfect their
Cisco IP telephony skills. To fully master each and everyone of the five practice
labs that are included in this workbook, it will take multiple attempts at each lab.
Students attempting these practice labs should have passed the Voice Written
CCIE exam and be confident with their Cisco Voice and IOS skills and experience.
During your first run through of our labs, try not to look at the provided solutions
unless you are completely stuck. Practice using the Cisco Documentation CD
(http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/home.htm) that will be available during your lab exam.
You need to be able to do each of these labs without looking at the solutions
before you attend our CCIE Voice 5-day bootcamp (or before you attempt to take
the CCIE Voice lab exam). The core technologies must be configured quickly
leaving enough time for you to conquer the areas you may be weaker in. During
your lab exam, double-check your work as you move from topic to topic. There is
no partial credit given, so make sure you get the points for the tasks you
understand. If you do not understand a question, or suspect hardware problems,
do not waste time; immediately talk to the proctor for clarification.
Before you begin, please read all the material you have received from NLI and all
the material on www.ccbootcamp.com; this will save you time and help you
prepare for exam day. Get into the practice of reading the entire lab before you
begin configuring anything; twenty minutes spent up front can pay high dividends
in a high pressure lab exam.
For support on this lab and with your CCIE Voice exam preperation, go to
www.voiceie.com. Configuration files and updates are always posted at
www.ccbootcamp.com/download. Check the website on a regular basis as we are
always improving the quality of our materials.
By purchasing NLI’s CCIE Voice Workbook Volume 1, you agree to our licensing
policy. Network Learning, Inc. reserves the right to update this policy at any time.
NLI’s CCIE Voice Workbook Volume 1 is licensed by the individual user. It can not
be be resold or the price shared in any way. We have invested a significant
amount of time and money into developing these labs. Your license may be
revolked if you illegally sell or share the information in NLI’s CCIE Voice Workbook
Volume 1. It is also illegal to reproduce this material in any format.
License Agreement:
NLI’s CCIE Voice Practice Lab material is copyrighted. In addition, this product is
at all times the property of Network Learning, Inc., and the customer shall agree
to use this product only for themselves, the licensed user. The license for the
specific customer remains valid from the purchase date until they pass their CCIE
Voice lab exam.
NLI’s CCIE Voice Practice Lab materials are licensed by the individual customer.
Our material can not be resold, transferred, traded, sold, or price shared in any
way. Each specific individual customer must have a license to use this product.
The customer agrees this product is always the property of Network Learning, Inc.
and is just purchasing a license to use it. A Customer’s license shall be revoked if
they violate this licensing agreement in any way.
Copies of this material in any form or fashion are strictly prohibited. If for any
reason a licensed copy of this material is lost or damaged, a new copy will be
provided free of charge, except for the cost of shipping and handling.
Individuals or entities that knowingly violate the terms of this licensing agreement
may be subject to punitive damages that Network Learning, Inc. could seek in civil
court. Damages will be limited to a maximum of $500,000 per individual and
$2,000,000.00 per entitiy. In additioin, individuals or entities that knowingly
violate terms of this license agreement may be subject to criminal penalties as are
allowed by law.
Warranty:
No warranty of any kind is provided with this product. There are no guarantees the
use of this product will help a customer pass any exams, tests, or certifications, or
enhance their knowledge in any way. The product is provided on as “AS IS” basis.
In no event will Network Learning, Inc. its suppliers, or licensed resellers be liable
for any incurred costs, lost revenue, lost profit, lost data, or any other damages
regardless of the theory of liability arising out of the use or inability to use this
product.
Lab 1
Lab 1
Initial Configurations
The base configuration files can be found at http://www.ccbootcamp.com/download.
Load the base configurations on the HQ, BR1, BR2, and PSTN routers, as well as
the Catalyst 3550 and 6503 switches. For this lab you should load the PSTN_2
configuration on the PSTN Router.
Configure the VLANs and IP Addressing on the LAN and WAN for the HQ, BR1 and
BR2 routers and switches as detailed in Tables 1A, 1B, and 1C. Ensure that all
trunks between the routers and switches are configured using 802.1Q.
Table 1A – IP Addressing
Site Data Data Subnet Voice Voice Subnet WAN Address Loopback
VLAN VLAN Address
HQ 10 10.10.0.0/24 110 10.110.0.0/24 10.10.33.1/25 10.10.32.1/32
10.10.33.129/25
BR1 20 10.20.0.0/24 120 10.120.0.0/24 10.10.33.2/25 10.10.32.2/32
BR2 30 10.30.0.0/24 130 10.130.0.0/24 10.10.33.130/25 10.10.32.3/32
Table 1C – IP Phones
Device Model Switchport DN
HQ Phone 1 7960 HQ 6503 FA3/3 7001
HQ Phone 2 7960 HQ 6503 FA3/5 7002
HQ Analog Phone VG248 Phone HQ VG248 Port 1 7003
BR1 Phone 1 7960 BR1 RTR FA1/0 5551
BR1 Phone 2 7960 BR1 RTR FA1/1 5552
BR1 ATA ATA-186 BR1 RTR FA1/2 5553
BR2 Phone 1 7960 BR2 3550 FA0/3 1001
BR2 Phone 2 7960 BR2 3550 FA0/4 1002
Table 1D – Servers
Server IP Address
CallManager Publisher 10.1.200.21
CallManager Subscriber 10.1.200.25
Unity 10.1.200.22
IPCC Express 10.1.200.21
Table 1E – Passwords
Server Username Password
CallManager Administrator enableme
VNC enableme
Unity UnityAdmin enableme
VNC enableme
IPCC Express Administrator ciscocisco
Network Setup
1.0 (4 points)
Configure the HQ, BR1 and BR2 phones so that voice traffic is placed in the voice
VLAN and data traffic is placed in the data VLAN.
1.1 (3 Points)
Provide DHCP services for the HQ, BR1 and BR2 locations. You should use the
CallManager Publisher as the DHCP Server for each sites voice VLAN.
The CallManager Publisher is providing TFTP Services. Setup DHCP to only issue
the last 10 IP Addresses of each subnet, the default gateway is the first available
address in each Subnet. Set the lease time to 72 hours.
PSTN Connectivity
Use the DID ranges in table 2A for each location. At each site the Telephone
Company is passing 10 digits across the T1 or E1.
2.0 (2 Points)
Configure the first HQ 6608 Port as a T1 PRI. Use Table 2B for additional
configuration information.
2.1 (2 Points)
Configure BR1 to use a T1 PRI for PSTN connectivity. Use Table 2B for additional
configuration information.
2.2 (2 Points)
Configure BR2 to use an E1 PRI for PSTN connectivity. Use Table 2B for additional
configuration information.
3.0 (1 Point)
Configure a device pool for each site; remove the default device pool.
3.1 (4 Points)
Configure all phones at the HQ and BR1 sites so that they have dial tone and
assign directory numbers to line 1 of each phone as detailed in Table 1C. The
phones should use the CallManager Subscriber for primary call processing and the
Publisher as backup.
3.2 (2 Points)
Configure BR2 Phone 1 to look like the diagram below. This phone should be
configured to allow simultaneous voice streams; one call on hold and an outbound
call. The phone should be configured to deliver calling party number and internal
calling party name; use trivial names such as BR2 Phone 1.
1001
Branch 2 phone options
Redial New Call CFwdAll More
3.3 (2 Points)
Configure the BR2 phone 2 to look like the diagram below. This phone should be
configured to allow 2 simultaneous voice streams; one call on hold and an
outbound call. The phone should be configured to deliver calling party number and
internal calling party name; use trivial names such as BR2 Phone 2.
1002
Branch 2 phone options
Redial New Call CFwdAll More
3.4 (1 Point)
Configure the Call Park Feature for the phones at the BR1 site using the number
range 5010 through 5019; ensure that Call Park works if the phones are registered
to either CallManager.
3.5 (1 Point)
Configure Call Pickup for the phones at the BR2 Site.
3.6 (1 Point)
Disable call waiting on the HQ Phones.
3.7 (1 Point)
Configure CallManager so that when a call is placed to x7700 the call will first ring
HQ Phone 1, then ring HQ Phone 2 and finally ring BR1 Phone 1.
4.1 (2 Points)
Configure the BR2 E1 using H323, be sure that all H323 packets are sourced from
the loopback interface.
Class of Service
5.0 (3 Points)
Configure Classes of Service in CallManager based on Table 5A.
5.1 (3 Points)
Configure Classes of Service on the BR2 router according to Table 5B.
6.0 (3 Points)
Configure CallManager to route all calls from the HQ Phones out the HQ 6608. If
the 6608 is not available, local and long distance calls should be routed out the
BR1 T1.
6.1 (3 Points)
Configure CallManager to route all calls from the BR1 Phones out the BR1 T1. If
the BR1 T1 is not available, local and long distance calls should be routed out the
HQ 6608.
6.2 (3 Points)
Configure call routing at the BR2 site so that all calls route out the BR2 E1.
6.3 (3 Points)
Configure call routing so that calls can be made between all sites using 4 digit
extensions across the WAN. If there is not enough bandwidth on the WAN to route
the call, calls should automatically be rerouted to the PSTN.
6.4 (1 Point)
Callers at the HQ and BR1 sites should not be able to place calls to numbers in
area codes 900, 976 or 919.
Media Resources
7.0 (1 Point)
Configure the CallManager Subscriber to provide unicast Music on Hold to the HQ
Phones.
7.1 (2 Points)
Configure the CallManager Publisher to provide multicast Music on Hold to the BR1
Phones.
7.2 (1 Point)
Configure the Intercom function between Phone 1 and Phone 2 at the BR2 Site;
use extensions 1101 and 1102.
7.3 (2 Points)
Configure the next available 6608 port to provide conferencing services. The
phones at the HQ site should only use the 6608 port for conferencing.
7.4 (2 Points)
Configure the BR1 router to provide local conferencing for the BR1 Phones. The
BR1 phones should use the 6608 conference bridge if the IOS conference bridge is
unavailable.
8.1 (2 Points)
CallManager should limit the BR1 site to one call across the WAN and the BR2 site
to 2 calls over the WAN.
9.1 (2 Points)
Configure a new subscriber template. Set the default voicemail password to
12345, automatically add the subscriber to the Sales Distribution List and disable
Initial Enrollment.
9.2 (3 Points)
Build voicemail boxes for the users in Table 9A, using the new subscriber
template; do not build any voicemail boxes for any other users or phones.
Configure the associated phones to access voicemail; calls that ring unanswered
should be forwarded to the voicemail system.
9.3 (3 Points)
Configure Unity Express on BR2 to provide voicemail for the users in Table 9B. The
Pilot number should be 4000. Use 8000 for MWI On and 8001 for MWI Off.
High Availability
10.0 (4 Points)
The BR1 router should provide call processing in the event of a WAN outage for
the BR1 Phones. Allow 10 phones and 20 lines to be active. Be sure that the
Classes of Service are followed.
Quality of Service
11.0 (3 Points)
At the HQ and BR1 sites, assume that all phones have a PC connected to them
inline. Configure the switchports to trust the IP Phone traffic but not the PC traffic.
11.1 (3 Points)
Configure the WAN link between the BR1 and HQ site using Low Latency Queuing.
You should reserve 33% of the bandwidth for Voice traffic and 5% for Call Control
Traffic.
IPCC Express
The license file for IPCC Express is located on the CallManager Publisher Server in
C:\License.
12.0 (8 Points)
Integrate CallManager and IPCC Express to provide an ICD Queue for the BR1
Helpdesk. Configure line 2 on BR1 Phone 1 as x5511 and BR1 Phone 2 as 5512 to
be used by the IP Phone Agents. Use the data in Table 12a and 12b.
Table 12b
Route Point 3400
Ports 3401 - 3405
CSQ Helpdesk
12.1 (1 Points)
Configure the JTAPI and ICD subsystems to use the CallManager Subscriber
primarily and the Publisher secondarily.
12.2 (2 Points)
Configure the Helpdesk Queue to play the same Music on Hold as the BR1 Phones
normally use.
Lab 2
Lab 2
Initial Configurations
The base configuration files can be found at http://www.ccbootcamp.com/download.
Load the base configurations on the HQ, BR1, BR2, and PSTN routers, as well as
the Catalyst 3550 and 6503 switches. For this lab you should load the PSTN_2
configuration on the PSTN Router.
Configure the VLANs and IP Addressing on the LAN and WAN for the HQ, BR1 and
BR2 routers and switches as detailed in Tables 1A, 1B, and 1C. Ensure that all
trunks between the routers and switches are configured using 802.1Q
Table 1A – IP Addressing
Site Data Data Voice Voice WAN Address Loopback
VLAN Subnet VLAN Subnet Address
HQ 10 10.10.0.0/24 110 10.110.0.0/24 10.10.33.1/25 10.10.32.1/32
10.10.33.129/25
BR1 20 10.20.0.0/24 120 10.120.0.0/24 10.10.33.2/25 10.10.32.2/32
BR2 30 10.30.0.0/24 130 10.130.0.0/24 10.10.33.130/25 10.10.32.3/32
Table 1C – IP Phones
Device Model Switchport DN
HQ Phone 1 7960 HQ 6503 FA3/3 7001
HQ Phone 2 7960 HQ 6503 FA3/5 7002
HQ Analog Phone VG248 Phone HQ VG248 Port 1 7003
HQ Fax VG248 Phone HQ VG248 Port 2 7004
BR1 Phone 1 7960 BR1 RTR FA1/0 5551
BR1 Phone 2 7960 BR1 RTR FA1/1 5552
BR1 ATA ATA-186 BR1 RTR FA1/2 5553
BR2 Phone 1 7960 BR2 3550 FA0/3 1001
BR2 Phone 2 7960 BR2 3550 FA0/4 1002
Table 1D – Servers
Server IP Address
CallManager Publisher 10.1.200.21
CallManager Subscriber 10.1.200.25
Unity 10.1.200.22
IPCC Express 10.1.200.21
Table 1E – Passwords
Server Username Password
CallManager Administrator enableme
VNC enableme
Unity UnityAdmin enableme
VNC enableme
IPCC Express Administrator ciscocisco
Network Setup
1.0 (4 points)
Configure the HQ, BR1 and BR2 phones so that they voice traffic is placed in the
voice VLAN and data traffic is placed in the data VLAN.
1.1 (1 Point)
Configure the CallManager Publisher to provide DHCP services for the voice subnet
at the HQ location. Setup DHCP to only issue the IP Addresses .11 through .22,
the default gateway is the first available address. Set the lease time to 24 hours.
1.2 (1 Point)
Configure the BR1 Router to provide DHCP for the voice subnet. Issue only IP
Addresses .11 through .22, the default gateway is the first available address. Set
the lease time to 3 days.
1.3 (1 Point)
Configure the BR2 Router to provide DHCP for the voice subnets. Configure DHCP
to issue all available IP Addresses except the first two and last two of the subnet.
The default gateway is the first IP Address of the subnet.
PSTN Connectivity
Use the DID ranges in table 2A for each location. At each site the Telephone
Company is passing 10 digits across the T1 or E1.
2.0 (2 Points)
Configure the first HQ 6608 Port as a T1 PRI. Use Table 2B for additional
configuration information.
2.1 (2 Points)
Configure BR1 to use a T1 PRI for PSTN connectivity. Use Table 2B for additional
configuration information.
Dial Plan
CallManager handles call processing at the HQ and BR1 sites; the BR2 router
handles call processing at the BR2 site.
3.0 (4 Points)
Configure all phones at the HQ and BR1 sites so that they have dial tone and
assign directory numbers to each phone as detailed in Table 1C. Phones should
use the CallManager Subscriber for primary call processing and the Publisher as
backup.
3.1 (2 Points)
Configure the BR2 Phone 1 to look like the diagram below. Line 1 should be
configured to allow 2 simultaneous voice streams; one call on hold and an
outbound call. Line 2 should be configured so that call waiting is disabled. The
phone should be configured to deliver calling party number and internal calling
party name; use trivial names such as BR2 Phone 1.
1001
Phone options 1100
New Call Redial CFwdAll More
3.2 (2 Points)
Configure the BR2 phone 2 to look like the diagram below. Line 1 should be
configured to allow 2 simultaneous voice streams; one call to/from extension 1002
and one call to extension 1100. The phone should be configured to deliver calling
party number and internal calling party name; use trivial names such as BR2
Phone 2.
1002
Phone options
Redial New Call CFwdAll More
3.3 (2 Point)
Disable call waiting on extension 5552.
3.4 (3 Points)
Configure CallManager so that when a call is placed to extension 7000, the HQ
Phone 1, HQ Phone 2, BR1 Phone 1 and BR1 Phone 2, ring simultaneously on their
primary line. If the call is unanswered, it should ring to voicemail box 7000 and
receive a message about all sales people are busy.
3.5 (2 Points)
Configure Call Pickup for the BR1 Phones.
3.6 (1 Points)
Configure CallManager so that when someone at the HQ branch dials 0, the call is
routed to x7002.
3.7 (1 Points)
Configure the BR1 ATA so that when the handset is lifted, the phone automatically
dials x7000.
4.1 (2 Points)
Configure the BR2 E1 using H323, all H323 packets should be sourced from the
voice subnet.
4.2 (4 Points)
Configure the HQ Router as an H323 Gatekeeper. Register the CallManagers and
the BR2 Gateway to the Gatekeeper.
4.4 (2 Points)
Make it so that Port 2 on the BR1 ATA is disabled and will not attempt to register
with the CallManager.
5.1 (3 Points)
Configure Classes of Service on BR2 according to Table 5B.
Call Routing
Table 6A – HQ Site Calling Patterns
Call Type Pattern
Emergency 911
9 + 911
Local 9 + 7 digits
Long Distance 9 + 1 + 10 digits
International 9 + 011 + Country Code + Number
9 + 011 + Country Code + Number + #
Inter-Site 7 + 4 digits
6.0 (3 Points)
Configure call routing at the HQ site and BR1 sites according to Table 6A and 6B;
all calls should be routed out the local sites gateway.
6.1 (2 Points)
Configure call routing at the BR2 site per table 6C.
6.2 (3 Points)
Configure call routing so that calls can be made between all sites using 4 digit
extensions across the WAN. Calls between sites should be routed to the
Gatekeeper.
6.3 (2 Points)
Configure CallManager so that when callers at the HQ site place long distance calls
to the 704 area code, the calls are routed out the BR1 Gateway as a local call.
6.4 (2 Points)
Callers at the BR1 site should not be able to place calls to area code 847, 849 or
732; only use a single route pattern to accomplish this.
6.5 (3 Points)
Configure IPMA for BR1 Phone 1 and Phone 2; x5551 will be the manager.
Media Resources
7.0 (2 Points)
Perform the necessary steps to configure MOH for use on the HQ and BR1 phones.
7.1 (2 Points)
Configure the BR1 Router to provide IOS Conferencing and Transcoding.
7.3 (2 Points)
Configure the next available 6608 port to provide transcoding at the HQ Site.
7.4 (4 Points)
Configure the HQ and BR1 phones to use the local conferencing and transcoding
resources primarily and the WAN resources as backup.
8.1 (1 Point)
CallManager should limit BR1 to two calls across the WAN.
8.2 (1 Point)
The Gatekeeper should be configured to permit three calls between sites.
Unity
9.0 (4 Points)
Integrate Unity with the CallManager. You should configure three voicemail ports
starting with 7801. Use a pilot number of 7899 and set the MWI to use 7890 to
indicate on and 7891 to indicate off.
9.1 (2 Points)
Configure voicemail boxes for the users in Table 9A.
9.2 (4 Points)
Configure integration between CME and CUE. Configure voicemail boxes for the
users in Table 9B. Use 1119 for the Pilot number and 1199 to indicate MWI on and
1198 to indicate MWI Off.
9.3 (3 Points)
Configure Unity to provide an Auto Attendant for the HQ site. When calls to
extension 7700 are routed to Unity the caller should hear a greeting, “Welcome to
Head Quarters, press 1 to leave a message or press 0 to be connected to the
operator.” Configure the appropriate options for the Auto Attendant in Unity, the
operator is located at x7001.
High Availability
10.0 (3 Points)
The BR1 router should provide call processing in the event of a WAN outage for
the BR1 Phones.
10.2 (3 Points)
A user, Ned Flanders frequently travels between the HQ and BR1 sites. Configure
Extension Mobility for Phone 2 at the HQ and BR1 sites. When Ned logs into the
phone at the HQ, he should be assigned x7771; when he logs into the phone at
the BR1 site, he should be assigned x5511.
Quality of Service
11.0 (2 Points)
Configure LLQ on the WAN interfaces between each of the sites. You should
reserve 33% of the available bandwidth for the Voice traffic and 5% for the call
signaling traffic; call signaling traffic may be marked as either cs3 or af31.
Configure the QoS policy to reduce the RTP headers to 4 bytes.
11.1 (2 Points)
Configure FRTS across the 128Kbps connection between the HQ and BR1 sites.