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Sentence Patterns (Recuperado Automáticamente)

This document discusses the four types of sentence patterns in English: simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences, and compound-complex sentences. It provides examples of each type and explains that simple sentences contain one clause, compound sentences contain two independent clauses connected by a conjunction, complex sentences have one independent clause and one subordinate clause, and compound-complex sentences contain at least two independent clauses and one subordinate clause connected by conjunctions. The document then focuses on the different conjunctions used to connect clauses, including coordinating conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions, and conjunctive adverbs.

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Karen Cecilia Rodriguez
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65 views

Sentence Patterns (Recuperado Automáticamente)

This document discusses the four types of sentence patterns in English: simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences, and compound-complex sentences. It provides examples of each type and explains that simple sentences contain one clause, compound sentences contain two independent clauses connected by a conjunction, complex sentences have one independent clause and one subordinate clause, and compound-complex sentences contain at least two independent clauses and one subordinate clause connected by conjunctions. The document then focuses on the different conjunctions used to connect clauses, including coordinating conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions, and conjunctive adverbs.

Uploaded by

Karen Cecilia Rodriguez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Part 1  

This lesson will prepare you to use the principle sentence patterns in English. You will learn
how to use simple, compound, complex and compound-complex sentences, using the
appropriate coordinating, subordinating or adverbial conjunction.

There are four types of sentence patterns:


Simple Sentences, Compound Sentences, Complex, and Compound-Complex
Sentences.

Alright, let's continue.

Simple Sentences

Simple sentences have only one clause:

Katie gets up at seven in the morning.

Alright, let's continue.

Compound Sentences

Compound sentences have two independent clauses, connected by a coordinating


conjunction:

Katie gets up at seven in the morning  and travels to work by train.

Alright!

Complex Sentences

Complex sentences have a subordinate clause and an independent clause. A subordinating


conjunction connects the two clauses:

Katie works at The ABC Company because she likes the team.

Okay!

Compound-Complex Sentences
Compound-complex sentences have two independent clauses and one subordinate clause.
A subordinating conjunction and coordinating conjunction connect the independent and
subordinate clauses:

Katie travels to work by train because it’s fast and she can relax on the journey.

A conjunctive adverb helps to create compound-complex sentences: Katie travels to work by


train because it’s fast; moreover, she can relax on the journey.

I'm ready to start the next part of this lesson!

What is a coordinating conjunction?

A coordinating conjunction is a word that connects words, phrases, or sentences. When a


coordinating conjunction joins together two sentences, the resulting sentence is called a
compound sentence.

Alright, let's continue.


Here is a list of coordinating conjunctions:

 and
 or
 nor
 so
 but
 for
 yet

How to punctuate coordinating conjunctions

When a coordinating conjunction joins two independent clauses, a comma is used before
the coordinating conjunction.
He has over a million pounds in his bank account, but he still gets up at six every morning
to go to work.

If a sentence begins with a coordinating conjunction, it is not followed by a comma.


Yet the typical tenured professor's salary of $43,500 still represents 10% less buying
power than the equivalent salary in 1970.

Commas are not used between two verbs, two subjects, two complements, or two objects
joined by a coordinating conjunction.
She has beautiful blue eyes but a destructive personality.

 Part 3  

What is a subordinating conjunction?

Subordinating conjunctions link an independent clause and a subordinate clause.

Alright!

Here is a list of subordinating conjunctions:

Cause Effect Time Contrast Possibility

until whereas
as thus while while if
because so that before although unless
since in order that once despite that whether
after even though

Although I enjoy tennis, I much prefer basketball.


Whereas Mark is shy and quiet, his brother James is the most outgoing person I've met!

*"Although I enjoy tennis" is a "subordinate clause". "I much prefer basketball" is an


"independent clause".

*Do not use a subordinator with a coordinator:


After we finish class, so we go to the park.

How to punctuate subordinating conjunctions

A subordinating conjunction joins a dependent clause to an independent clause. Three


patterns are possible:
Pattern: Subordinating conjunctions + subject + verb, subject + verb
Pattern: Subject + verb, subordinating conjunctions + subject + verb
Pattern: Subject + verb + subordinating conjunctions + subject + verb

I'm ready to start the next part of this lesson!

Part 4  
What is a conjunctive adverb?

A conjunctive adverb is an adverb that connects two independent clauses to express contrast,
effect & result & conclusion, summary, similarity, or to add information, or to express similarity:

Alright!
Here is a list of conjunctive adverbs:

Effect & Result Similarity &


Contrast Addition Summary
& Conclusion comparison

On the other
Consequently hand To sum up
Besides likewise
Therefore Conversely In sum
Also similarly
As a On the In
Moreover in(by)
consequence contrary conclusion
Furthermore comparison
As a result By contrast To
In addition by the same
Accordingly Nevertheless conclude
Additionally token
For this reason Nonetheless All in all
However

How to punctuate conjunctive adverbs

When a conjunctive adverb connects two independent clauses, it is preceded by a


semicolon or a period and followed by a comma.
The festival was to be held today; however, it was canceled due to the rainy weather.

When I study alone, I can focus much better. Moreover, I can study at the pace that I like.

In schools where students wear uniforms it is difficult to determine who is rich and who is
poor. However, when students choose their own clothes for school, these differences are
easily visible.

If a conjunctive adverb introduces, interrupts, or concludes a single main clause, you will
use commas to separate the conjunctive adverb from the rest of the sentence.
Secretary Bennett, however, maintains that more federal aid would only encourage
universities to count on the government to meet any increases they might impose.

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