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Assignment Maed Abraham

The document discusses Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory of motivation. It explains the five levels of needs that Maslow proposed including physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization needs. It also discusses some criticisms of Maslow's theory and how it applies to motivating employees in an organization.

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Alera Kim
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10 views

Assignment Maed Abraham

The document discusses Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory of motivation. It explains the five levels of needs that Maslow proposed including physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization needs. It also discusses some criticisms of Maslow's theory and how it applies to motivating employees in an organization.

Uploaded by

Alera Kim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Name: Alera Kim Caballero-Tangian Course & Year: MAED 1st Year

Subject: Human Behavior Organization Instructor: Liezel P. Naquines

Abraham Moslow‟s Contributtion to Organizational Behavior

  Abraham Maslow developed the Hierarchy of Needs model in 1940-50s USA,


and theHierarchy of Needs theory remains valid today for understanding human
motivation,management training, and personal development. Indeed, Maslow's ideas
surrounding theHierarchy of Needs concerning the responsibility of employers to
provide a workplaceenvironment that encourages and enables employees to fulfil their
own unique potential (self-actualization) are today more relevant than ever. Abraham
Maslow's book Motivation and Personality, published in 1954 (second edition 1970)
introduced the Hierarchy of Needs, and Maslow extended his ideas in other work,
notably his later book Toward A Psychology Of Being, a significant and relevant
commentary, which has been revised in recent times by Richard Lowry, who is in his
own right a leading academic in the field of motivational psychology.His motivation
theory is widely accepted and studied. Maslow suggested that every individual has
complex set of needs at any particular moment and his behaviour is determined by the
existence of strongest need. He stated that human beings have five types of needs
and physiological need is the strongest hence the individual behaves in a particular
manner to satisfy that need. Needs are hierarchal in nature and only one need
dominates at any one point of time. Once the strongest need is satisfied then the
second need emerges as being the strongest need and human behaviour is regulated in
process of achieving satisfaction in series of need requirements. Maslow further started
that there is only one need satisfying process is underway at any one time. They do not
disappear once they are satisfied but their intensity is reduced(relegated) below the
subsequent need. One of the many interesting things Maslow noticed while he worked
with monkeys early in his career was that some needs take precedence over others. For
example, if you are hungry and thirsty, you will tend to try to take care of the thirst first.
After all, you can do without food for weeks, but you can only do without water for a
couple of days! Thirst is a stronger need than hunger. Likewise, if you are very thirsty,
but someone has put a choke hold on you and you can't breathe, which is more
important? The need of breathe.

Maslow‟s theory of motivation and its nature of hierarchy of needs lays down a
systematic approach a manager can apply to motivate his subordinates. It will be
seen that needs are generally in the order. Maslow has suggested that when a worker is
employed he is concerned about his basic need of food, water, shelter and clothes and
wants a minimum level of rewards so that the above need is fulfilled (physiological
need). Once the first need is satisfied, a manager must strive to fulfill second need
(security need) of his subordinates by providing them physical security, job security and
laying down various policies, which are required for smooth running of an organization.
Management must enjoy cordial relationship with employees and ensure free flow of
communication so that employees devote maximum attention towards organizational
work. Workers can “belong” to a particular organization (social need). By creating work
groups and extending facilities for social interaction so that esteem need and self-
actualization needs, which are of intrinsic nature can be accomplished by workers.
Maslow has laid down that individual has a particular pattern and hierarchy of needs
which may not be true. There are craftsmen, poets, sculptures, painters who have
devoted their entire life towards fulfillment of self- actualization need without having
satisfied physical, safety or even social needs. Renowned poet Galib was a poor person
and always had the problem for two squire meals a day. Though he was deprived of
lower order needs but tried all his life to accomplish self-actualization need. To some
people esteem need may be more important than social need. Therefore, they may
seek self-assertion. There is alack of direct cause and effect relationship between need
and behaviour as propagated by Maslow. A person feeling thirsty may not always drink
water but he may switch over to cold drinks soda or even a glass of beer to squint thirst.
Level of need satisfaction generally differs from person to person hence the theory
cannot be universally applied. Maslow has been criticized for laying down needs in
particular order. But in reality it may not be so. For Example a person may like to
„belong‟ to a particular organization or a social group and his social need may be
dominant as compared to the physical need or the safety needs. On the other hand a
worker who is a sole income earner for the whole family may feel job security as his
most dominant need. It is therefore fair to state that we may not find the needs in the
given order and that the strength of particular need is situation-based. It is therefore
necessary that the contingency approach should be adopted by various managers while
applying the model to real life situations in the organization. Only when the lower order
needs of us is motivated by needs. Our most basic needs are inborn, having evolved
over tens of thousands of years. Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs help to explain
how these needs motivate us all. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs states that we must
satisfy each need in turn, starting with the first, which deals with the most obvious needs
for survival itself. Only when the lower order needs of physical and emotional well-being
are satisfied are we concerned with the higher order needs of influence and personal
development.

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