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Ratio, Proportion and Percentages Formulas and Tricks

The document discusses formulas and concepts related to ratios, proportions, and percentages. It provides definitions of ratio, proportion, mean proportion, and variations. It also lists formulas for expressing percentages as fractions or decimals, calculating percentage increases or decreases, and calculating population changes over time. The document aims to help students learn key formulas and concepts for ratios, proportions, and percentages.

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Harsh Gupta
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207 views3 pages

Ratio, Proportion and Percentages Formulas and Tricks

The document discusses formulas and concepts related to ratios, proportions, and percentages. It provides definitions of ratio, proportion, mean proportion, and variations. It also lists formulas for expressing percentages as fractions or decimals, calculating percentage increases or decreases, and calculating population changes over time. The document aims to help students learn key formulas and concepts for ratios, proportions, and percentages.

Uploaded by

Harsh Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4/12/2020----Ratio, Proportion and Percentages Formulas and Tricks- Translation in Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Sindhi,

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Examrace
Ratio, Proportion and Percentages Formulas and Tricks
Get unlimited access to the best preparation resource for IAS : Get detailed illustrated notes
covering entire syllabus: point-by-point for high retention.

Ratio & Proportion


The equality of two ratios is called a proportion. If , we write
and we say that a, b, c, d are in proportion. In a proportion, the first and fourth terms are
known as extremes, while the second and third are known as means.

Mean proportion between a and b is

The compounded ratio of the ratios is

is a duplicate ratio of

is a sub-duplicate ration of

is a triplicate ratio of

is a sub-triplicate ratio of

If , then , which is called the Componendo.

If , which is called the dividendo

If , which is called the


componendo & dividendo.

Variation: We say that x is directly proportional to y if for some constant k and we


write,

Also, we say that x is inversely proportional to y for some constant k and we


write

Ratios

If then for a positive quantity x,

If then for a positive quantity x,

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4/12/2020----Ratio, Proportion and Percentages Formulas and Tricks- Translation in Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Sindhi,
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Proportions

Percentage
To express x% as a fraction, we have

To express as a percent, we have

If ‘A’ is R% more than ‘B’, then ‘B’ is less than ‘A’ by

OR

If the price of a commodity increases by R%, then the reduction in consumption, not to increase
the expenditure is

If ‘A’ is R% less than ‘B’, then ‘B’ is more than ‘A’ by

OR

If the price of a commodity decreases by R%, then the increase in consumption, not to increase
the expenditure is

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4/12/2020----Ratio, Proportion and Percentages Formulas and Tricks- Translation in Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Sindhi,
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videos lectures
If the population of a town is ‘P’ in a year, then its population after ‘N’ years is

If the population of a town is ‘P’ in a year, then its population ‘N’ years ago is

Percentage Change

For two successive changes of and

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