End Term Examination - JUNE 2020

Course Name: Analog Communication System

Course Code: CSU-115
Faculty Name: Er. Brij Bhushan Sharma
Program: B.Tech EE/ECE
Semester: 4th

Questions:

What we use for impedance matching in RF amplifiers?

A. RC coupling
B. Transformer coupling
C. Direct coupling
D. RF coupling
ANSWER: B

In a receiver, distortion can occur in ________

A. Mixer
B. Detector
C. IF amplifiers
D. Either mixer or detector or IF amplifiers
ANSWER: D

How we limit the response of a receiver to a weak signal?

A. By the AGC
B. By the noise that is generated in the receiver
C. By the dynamic range of the receiver
D. By the type of detector circuit being used
ANSWER: B

AM demodulation techniques are

A. Square law demodulator
B. Envelope detector
C. PLL detector
D. Both a and b are correct
ANSWER: D

Which statement is true for high level amplitude modulation?

A. All RF amplifiers are of class A
B. All RF amplifiers can be nonlinear
C. Minimum RF power is required
D. Maximum RF power is required
ANSWER: B

Square law modulators

A. Have non linear current-voltage characteristics
B. Are used for Amplitude Modulation
C. Are used for frequency modulation
D. Both a and b are correct
ANSWER: D

Which statement is true for low level amplitude modulation?

A. All RF amplifiers are of class A
B. All RF amplifiers can be linear
C. Minimum RF power is required
D. Maximum RF power is required
ANSWER: B
Which statement is true about frequency multipliers?
A. They are essentially balanced modulators
B. They are essentially class C amplifiers
C. They are essentially class AB amplifiers
D. They are essentially mixers
ANSWER: B

A low pass filter is

A. Passes the frequencies lower than the specified cut off frequency
B. Rejects higher frequencies
C. Is used to recover signal from sampled signal
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

In a superhet broadcast receiver, the frequency of local oscillatoris the incoming

signal frequency.
A. higher than
B. lower than
C. equalto
D. none of the above
ANSWER: A

High intermediate frequency in a superhet receiver

A. increases tracking problems
B. reduces adjacent channel rejection
C. improves selectivity
D. none of the above
ANSWER: A

Modulation is the process of

A. generating constant-frequency radio waves
B. combining audio and radio-frequency waves at the transmitting end of a
communication system
C. reducing distortion in RF amplifiers
D. improving thermal stability of a transistor
ANSWER: B

Regarding amplitude modulation, which statement is false?

A. amplitude of carrier wave is varied by the signal voltage
B. frequency of carrier wave remains unchanged
C. outline of the modulated carrier wave is different in shape from the modulating
wave
D. amplitude of the modulated wave varies at frequency equal to the frequency of
the modulating signal
ANSWER: C

The FM broadcast band is from

A. 550 to 1600 kHz
B. 88 to 108 kHz
C. 88 to 108 MHz
D. 1600 kHz to 59.75 MHz
ANSWER: C

Each of the following statements regarding frequency modulation is true except

A. amplitude of the modulated wave remains the same as that of carrier wave
B. the amount of variation of deviation from the original carrier frequency is
determined by the frequency of the modulating signal
C. the rate at which the frequency of modulated wave varies is determined by the
frequency of the modulating signal
D. frequency of modulated wave increases as the signal voltage increases and vice
versa
ANSWER: B

Demodulation
A. Is performed at the transmitting station
B. Removes side-bands
C. Rectifies modulated signal
D. Is opposite of modulation
ANSWER: D

The main function of a balanced modulator is to

A. produce balanced modulation of a carrier wave
B. produce 100% modulation
C. suppress carrier signal in order to create a signal-sideband or double sideband
D. limit noise picked by a receiver
ANSWER: C

In frequency modulation
A. the frequency of carrier varies according to the amplitude of the modulating
signal
B. the frequency of carrier varies according to the frequency of the modulating
signal
C. the amplitude of the carrier varies according to the frequency of the modulating
signal
D. all the above
ANSWER: A

In frequency modulation for a given frequency deviation, the modulation index

varies as the modulating frequency.
A. inversely
B. directly
C. independently
D. two times
ANSWER: A

The modulation index of an AM wave is changed from 0 to 1. The transmitted power is

A. unchanged
B. halved
C. doubled
D. increased by 50 per cent.
ANSWER: D

The RF section of a radio transmitter generally consists of

A. Master oscillator
B. Final power amplifier to feed antenna
C. Buffer stage
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

Which of the following will carry the same information as the AM wave itself?
A. VSB only
B. VSB and SSB
C.SSB,VSB and DSB
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

The process of recovering information signal from received carrier is known as

A. Detection
B. Modulation
C. Demultiplexing
D. Sampling
ANSWER: A

For bradcasting purpose, full AM signal is preferred to SSSB signal because

A. it requires large bandwidth
B. generation of full AM is easier
C. detection of full AM is simpler
D. none of the above
ANSWER: C

In amplitude modulation if modulation index is more than 1 than

A. the bandwidth will increase
B. there will be interference with other signals
C. efficiency of transmission will improve
D. the wave will get distorted
ANSWER: D

Audio frequency range lies between

A. 20 Hz and 20 kHz
B. 20 kHz and 200 kHz
C. 2 MHz and 20 MHz
D. 20 MHz and 200 MHz
ANSWER: A

Ring modulator is
A. Is used for DSB SC generation
B. Consists of four diodes connected in the form of ring
C. Is a product modulator
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

Which of the following is the advantage of base modulation over collector

modulation of a transistor class C amplifier?
A. Better linearity
B. Better efficiency
C. Low modulating power requirement
D. High power output per transistor
ANSWER: C

PCM system is used in satellite communications for transmission of

A.Speech signal
B.TV signal
C.Telegraph signal
D.All the above
ANSWER: C

What is the maximum transmission efficiency of an AM signal?

A. 64.44%
B. 33.33%
C. 56.66%
D. 75.55%
ANSWER: B

Requirements of synchronous detection of AM signal are:

A. Local generation of carrier
B. The frequency of the locally generated carrier must be identical to that of
transmitted carrier
C. The phase of the locally generated carrier must be synchronized to that of
transmitted carrier
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

FM and AM transmitters are to be compared. Which of the following statement is

valid?
A. AM transmitter is more efficient as compared to FM transmitter
B. FM transmitter is more efficient as compared to AM transmitter
C. FM and AM transmitters have the same efficiency
D. Efficiency of transmitters depends on frequency only
ANSWER: B

Disadvantages of using synchronous detection of AM signal are:

A. Needs additional system for generation of carrier
B. Needs additional system for synchronization of carrier
C. Receiver is complex and costly
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

Which one of the following is an indirect way of generating EM.?

A. Armstrong modulator
B. Varactor diode modulator
C. Reactance FET modulator
D. Reactance bipolar transistor modulator
ANSWER: A

Limitations of Frequency discrimination method are:

A. Cannot be used for video signals
B. Designing of band pass filter is difficult
C. Both a and b
D. None of the above
ANSWER: C

Phase shift method is

A. Includes two balanced modulators
B. Two phase shifting networks
C. Avoids the use of filters
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

A balanced modulator circuit uses

A. two identical diodes
B. two identical triodes
C. two diodes with different V-1 characteristics
D. two triodes with different V-I characteristics
ANSWER: B

AGC voltage is applied to the stages which are

A. before the detector stage
B. after the detector stage
C. either before or after the detector stage
D. none of the above
ANSWER: A

Vestigial side band signals are detected by

A. Filters
B. Synchronous detection
C. Balanced modulator
D. None of the above
ANSWER: B

The unit of modulation index is

A. Hertz
B.(Hz)-1
C.(Hz)-2
D. no unit
ANSWER: D

For a Gaussian process, auto-correction also implies –

A. Statistical dependence
B. Statistical independence
C. Ergodic process
D. None of these
ANSWER: B

Automatic gain control is

A. Provides controlled signal amplitude at the output
B. Adjusts the input to output gain to a suitable value
C. Is used in AM radio receiver
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

An ergodic process in communication present if many random signals have-

A. Identical time averages
B. Identical ensemble averages
C. Identical time and ensemble averages
D. None of the above
ANSWER: C

Spectral density expresses –

A. Average voltage
B. Average current
C. Average power in a waveform as a function of frequency
D. None of the above
ANSWER: C

Which of the following is not true regarding auto-correlation function?

A. It is an average function
B. It is defined only for periodic signals
C. It is measure of both time variation and statistical dependence
D. It is non-unique description of signals
ANSWER: B

If modulation index is greater than 1

A. The baseband signal is not preserved in the envelope of the AM signal
B. The recovered signal is distorted
C. It is called over modulation
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

The auto-correlation function of white noise is a –

A. Step function
B. Impulse function
C. Gaussian function
D. Constant
ANSWER: B
Amount of information in continuous signal is :
A. Zero
B. 2 bits
C. 4 bits
D. infinite
ANSWER: D

Example of continuous wave analog modulation is

A. PCM
B. DM
C. AM
D. PAM
ANSWER: C

The coupling used in stoneman transmission bridge is :

A. Resistive
B. Capacitive
C. Inductive
D. A combination of all the above
ANSWER: B

Communication consists of electrical means of ……. Information.

A. Sending
B. Receiving
C. Processing
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

Neper is …… decibel.
A. Equal to
B. Smaller than
C. Larger than
D. Any of the above
ANSWER: C

The standard value for Intermediate frequency (IF) in AM receivers is

A. 455 KHz
B. 580 KHz
C. 10.7 MHz
D. 50 MHz
ANSWER: A

Function of frequency mixer in super heterodyne receiver is

A. Amplification
B. Filtering
C. Multiplication of incoming signal and the locally generated carrier
D. None of the above
ANSWER: C

In communication system, redundancy:

A. Helps to correct error
B. Helps to detect error
C. Reduces efficiency of communication
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

Which statement is true for high level amplitude modulation?

A all RF amplifiers can be nonlinear
B all RF amplifiers are of class A
C minimum RF power is required
D maximum RF power is required
ANSWER: A

Drawback of using PAM method is

A Bandwidth is very large as compared to modulating signal
B Due to varying amplitude of carrier, it is difficult to remove noise at receiver
C Varying amplitude of carrier varies the peak power required for transmission
D All of the above
ANSWER: D

What we use for impedance matching in RF amplifiers?

A. RC coupling
B. Transformer coupling
C. Direct coupling
D. RF coupling
ANSWER: B

When aliasing will take place?

A Sampling signals more than Nyquist Rate
B Sampling signals equal to Nyquist Rate
C Sampling signals at a rate which is twice of Nyquist Rate
D Sampling signals less than Nyquist Rate
ANSWER: D

The costas receiver is used for

A. FM signal
B. DSB-SC signal
C. PCM signal
D. DM signal
ANSWER: B

Cross talk is –
A. The disturbance caused in the nearby channel or circuit due to transmitted
signal
B. Adjacent frequency rejection
C. Generation of closely lying side bands
D. None of the above
ANSWER: A

Notch filter is a
A Band pass filter
B Low pass filter
C High pass filter
D Band stop filter
ANSWER: D

In Frequency Modulation –
A. Amplitude of the carrier remains same
B. Frequency of the carrier varies in accordance with the modulating signal
C. The number of side bands are infinite
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

Noise power at the resistor is affected by the value of the resistor as

A Unaffected by the value of the resistor
B Directly proportional to the value of the resistor
C Inversely proportional to the value of the resistor
D Becomes half as the resistance value is doubled
ANSWER: A

A periodic signal is
A May be represented by g(t) = g(t + T0)
B Value may be determined at any point
C Repeats itself at regular intervals
D All of the above
ANSWER: D

Which statement is true for low level amplitude modulation?

A all RF amplifiers can be linear
B all RF amplifiers are of class A
C minimum RF power is required
D maximum RF power is required
ANSWER: A

In a receiver, distortion can occur in ________

A Mixer
B Detector
C IF amplifiers
D Either mixer or detector or IF amplifiers
ANSWER: D

Carrier swing is defined as

a. The total variation in frequency from the lowest to the highest point
b. Frequency deviation above or below the carrier frequency
c. Width of the side band
d. None of the above
ANSWER: A

Random signals is
A May be specified in time
B Repeat over a period
C Occurrence is random
D None of the above
ANSWER: C

The amount of frequency deviation in FM signal depends on

A. Amplitude of the modulating signal
B. Carrier frequency
C. Modulating frequency
D. Transmitter amplifier
ANSWER: A

Drawbacks of using direct method for generation of FM signal are

A. Does not give high stability to FM signal frequency
B. Distorted FM signal is generated due to harmonics of modulating signal
C. Cannot be used for high power FM generation
D. Both a and b
ANSWER: D

Advantage of using direct method for generation of FM signal is

A. It gives high stability to FM signal frequency
B. Distortion free FM signal is generated
C. High power FM generation is possible
D. None of the above
ANSWER: C
Drawbacks of Tuned Radio Receiver are
A. Oscillate at higher frequencies
B. Selectivity is poor
C. Bandwidth of the TRF receiver varies with incoming frequency
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

Sensitivity is defined as
A. Ability of receiver to amplify weak signals
B. Ability to reject unwanted signals
C. Ability to convert incoming signal into Image Frequency
D. Ability to reject noise
ANSWER: A

In radio receivers, varactor diodes are used for

A. Tuning
B. Demodulation
C. Mixing
D. None of the above
ANSWER: A

The standard value for Intermediate frequency (IF) in double conversion FM

receivers is
A. 455 KHz
B. 580 KHz
C. 10.7 MHz
D. 50 MHz
ANSWER: C

Amplitude limiter in FM receivers are used to

A. Remove amplitude variations due to noise
B. Filtration
C. Demodulation
D. Amplification
ANSWER: A

Pre emphasis is done

A. For boosting of modulating signal voltage
B. For modulating signals at higher frequencies
C. In FM before modulation
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D

Pre emphasis is done before

A. Before modulation
B. Before transmission
C. Before detection at receiver
D. After detection at receiver
ANSWER: A

What is the effect on the deviation d of an FM signal when it is passed through a

mixer?
A. Doubles
B. Reduces
C. Becomes half
D. Remains unchanged
ANSWER: D

Armstrong method is used for the generation of

A. Direct FM
B. Indirect FM
C. SSB-SC
D. DSB-SC
ANSWER: B

The modulation index of FM is given by

A. μ = frequency deviation/ modulating frequency
B. μ = modulating frequency /frequency deviation
C. μ = modulating frequency/ carrier frequency
D. μ = carrier frequency / modulating frequency
ANSWER: A

What is the required bandwidth according to the Carson’s rule, when a 100 MHz
carrier is modulated with a sinusoidal signal at 1KHz, the maximum frequency
deviation being 50 KHz.
A. 1 KHz
B. 50 KHz
C. 102 KHz
D. 150 KHz
ANSWER: C

The audio signal having frequency 500Hz and voltage 2.6V, shows a deviation of
5.2KHz in a Frequency Modulation system. If the audio signal voltage changes to
8.6V, calculate the new deviation obtained.
A. 17.2 KHz
B. 19.6 KHz
C. 25.6 KHz
D. 14.6 KHz
ANSWER: A

According to Carson’s rule, Bandwidth B and modulating frequency fm are related as

A. B = 2(Δf + fm) Hz
B. B = fm Hz
C. B < 2fm Hz
D. B > 2fm Hz
ANSWER: A

What is the change in the bandwidth of the signal in FM when the modulating
frequency increases from 12 KHz to 24KHz?
a. 40 Hz
b. 58 Hz
c. 24 Hz
d. Bandwidth remains unaffected
ANSWER: C

What is the maximum frequency deviation allowed in commercial FM broadcasting?

A. 100 KHz
B. 75 KHz
C. 15 KHz
D. 120 KHz
ANSWER: B

What is the maximum modulating frequency allowed in commercial FM broadcastings?

A. 40 KHz
B. 75 KHz
C. 15 KHz
D. 120 KHz
ANSWER: C
The ratio of actual frequency deviation to the maximum allowable frequency
deviation is called
A. Multi tone modulation
B. Percentage modulation
C. Phase deviation
D. Modulation index
ANSWER: B

The range of modulating frequency for Narrow Band FM is

A. 30 Hz to 15 KHz
B. 30 Hz to 30 KHz
C. 30 Hz to 3 KHz
D. 3 KHz to 30 KHz
ANSWER: C