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Assignment#4: Name: Ahsan Iqbal Reg# Sp17-BCS-044 Submitted To: Dr. Salman Iqbal Subject: Wireless Networks

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used by network devices like routers to send error messages when there are problems delivering IP packets to their destination. It is not a transport protocol but is used by network administrators to troubleshoot connections. ICMP messages contain the original IP packet header so the source knows which packet failed. The ICMP header includes a type field identifying the message, a code field with more details, and a checksum. Router discovery protocols like IRDP also use ICMP to allow hosts to automatically discover routers on the local network without manual configuration.

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51 views3 pages

Assignment#4: Name: Ahsan Iqbal Reg# Sp17-BCS-044 Submitted To: Dr. Salman Iqbal Subject: Wireless Networks

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used by network devices like routers to send error messages when there are problems delivering IP packets to their destination. It is not a transport protocol but is used by network administrators to troubleshoot connections. ICMP messages contain the original IP packet header so the source knows which packet failed. The ICMP header includes a type field identifying the message, a code field with more details, and a checksum. Router discovery protocols like IRDP also use ICMP to allow hosts to automatically discover routers on the local network without manual configuration.

Uploaded by

Qasim Cheema
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Assignment#4

Name:
Ahsan Iqbal
Reg#
Sp17-BCS-044
Submitted to:
Dr. Salman Iqbal
Subject:
Wireless Networks

COMSATS UNIVERSITY VEHARI CAMPUS


Q#1: Write a note on ICMP?

Definition of ICMP:

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is an error-reporting protocol network device like
routers use to generate error messages to the source IP address when network problems prevent delivery
of IP packets. ICMP creates and sends messages to the source IP address indicating that a  gateway to the
Internet that a router, service or host cannot be reached for packet delivery. Any IP network device has
the capability to send, receive or process ICMP messages. ICMP is not a transport protocol that sends
data between systems.

Explanation:

While ICMP is not used regularly in end-user applications, it is used by network administrators to
troubleshoot Internet connections in diagnostic utilities including ping and traceroute. One of the main
protocols of the Internet Protocol suite, ICMP is used by routers, intermediary devices or hosts to
communicate error information or updates to other routers, intermediary devices or hosts. The widely
used IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) and the newer IPv6 use similar versions of the ICMP protocol
(ICMPv4 and ICMPv6, respectively).

ICMP messages are transmitted as datagrams and consist of an IP header that encapsulates the ICMP
data. ICMP packets are IP packets with ICMP in the IP data portion. ICMP messages also contain the
entire IP header from the original message, so the end system knows which packet failed The ICMP
header appears after the IPv4 or IPv6 packet header and is identified as IP protocol number 1. The
complex protocol contains three fields:

 The major type that identifies the ICMP message;


 The minor code that contain more information about the type field; and
 The checksum that helps detect errors introduced during transmission.

Following the three fields is the ICMP data and the original IP header to identify which packets actually
failed. ICMP has been used to execute denial-of-service attacks (also called the ping of death) by sending
an IP packet larger than the number of bytes allowed by the IP protocol.

In computer networking, the ICMP Internet Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP), also called the Internet
Router Discovery Protocol, is a protocol for computer hosts to discover the presence and location
of routers on their IPv4 local area network. Router discovery is useful for accessing computer systems on
other nonlocal area networks. The IRDP is defined by the IETF RFC 1256 standard, with the Internet
Control Message Protocol (ICMP) upon which it is based defined in IETF RFC 792. IRDP eliminates the
need to manually configure routing information.

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