Assignment 2 “ 16 Tenses In English Grammar “

Tenses Formula Used To Signal Positive Negative Interrogativ

s Word Sentence Sentence e Sentence
Simple Subject + Used to describe habits, Always, every, He always He does not work Does he work
Present Verb 1 / be unchanging situations, general never, normally, works very very hard in the very hard in the
Tense (am, is, are) truths, and fixed arrangements. often, sometimes, hard in the Office Office?
usually, seldom Office Yes, he does. /
No, he does not.

Present Subject + To talk about activities At the moment, Look! He is He is not playing Is he playing
Continuous am/ is/ are + happening now just now, now, talking with his computer games computer games
Tense Verb -ing right now, Listen!, classmates now at the moment?
Look! Yes, he is. /
No, he is not.

Subject + An action or situation that Already, ever, He has already He has not been Has he completed
Present started in the past and continues just, never, not finished his to Australia so far. the arrangement
has/have+
Perfect in the present. yet, so far, till homework for the coming
Verb III
Tense now, up to now event up to now?
Performed during a period that Yes, he has. /
has not yet finished, No, he has not.

An action when the time is not

important.

Present Subject + To refer to an unspecified time For the past 3 He has been He has not been Has he been
Perfect HAS/HAVE + between 'before now' and 'now'. years, working here speaking for the playing the
Continuous BEEN + how long …?, since 1996. last 9 hours. computer game
the whole week, all day?
Tense Verb –ing
since xxx Yes, he has. /
No, he has not.

Simple Subject + To talk about a completed action Yesterday, Last year, he He did not go to Did he pay the bill
Past Tense Verb II in a time before now. 6 minutes ago, always worked school this yesterday?
in 1999, until night. morning. Yes, he did. /
last Thursday, No, he did not.
this morning.

| FARAH PUTI AMIRA RACHMA – ENGLISH 4 |

Past Subject + Describes actions or events in a When, while, He was He was not doing Was he writing
Continuous WAS/WERE time before now. as long as, speaking when his homework at the letter to his
Tense + at this time I entered in this time yesterday parents when I
Describe the background in a yesterday room was out last
Verb -ing
story written in the past tense, Tuesday?
Yes, he was. /
To describe an unfinished action No, he was not.
that was interrupted by another
event or action.

With 'wonder', to make a very

polite request.

Past Subject + Used to make it clear that one Before yesterday, He had He had not been a Had he entered
Perfect HAD + Verb event happened before another till three days finished his high school the company
Tense III in the past. ago, already, designs before student until last before he
until that day he went to year achieved his
work yesterday master degree in
1990?
Yes, he had. /
No, he had not

Past Subject + Used to show that an action For, since, He said that he He was told that Had he been
Perfect HAD + BEEN started in the past and continued the whole day, had been his teacher had speaking for the
Continuous + Verb -ing up to another point in the past. all day working here been waiting for whole class
for ten years him since 2 p.m before I entered?
Tense yesterday Yes, he had. /
No, he had not

Simple Subject + To predict a future event. In a year, next …, He is going to He will not play Will he go to the
Future “WILL/ BE tomorrow, next be journalist computer games cinema tomorrow
Tense GOING TO” + With I or We, to express a week, five days after he anymore because with us?
spontaneous decision. later graduate next he understand Yes, he will. /
Verb
year how harmful they No, he will not
To express willingness. are

In the negative form, to express

unwillingness.

With I in the interrogative form

| FARAH PUTI AMIRA RACHMA – ENGLISH 4 |

 using "shall", to make an offer.

With we in the interrogative form

using "shall", to make a
suggestion,

With I in the interrogative form

using "shall", to ask for advice or
instructions.

With you, to give orders.

With you in the interrogative

form, to give an invitation.

Future Subject + Used to talk about future events Tomorrow He will be He will not be Will he be playing
Continuous “WILL/BE that will be in progress at a morning, delivering the doing the task in football next
Tense GOING TO” + specific time in the future. in one year speech to the office this morning in the
undergraduate afternoon because playground?
“BE” + Verb
s at 3 p.m he is sick Yes, he will./
tomorrow
afternoon No, he will not

Future Subject + Used to describe an action that By next Monday, He will have He will not have Will he have
Perfect “WILL HAVE” will have been completed at a in a week finished the finished the given finished the task
Tense + Verb III certain point of time in the task by next task by tomorrow in a week?
future. Monday evening Yes, he will./
No, he will not

Future Subject + Used to project ourselves For the last He will have He will not have Will he have been
Perfect “WILL HAVE forward in time and to look back. couple of hours, been taking been doing the doing the
Continuous BEEN” + It refers to events or actions that all day long charge of the task for the last research all day
are currently unfinished but will team for the couple of hours. long?
Tense Verb-ing
be finished at some future time. next hour. Yes, he will./   
It is most often used with a time No, he will not
expression.

Past Future Subject + Used to express the ‘idea’ that in He said that he He did not promise Did you tell him
Tense WOULD + the past an action/event was would leave in that he would buy when I would
Verb predicted, planned, promised, three days. you a new arrive?

| FARAH PUTI AMIRA RACHMA – ENGLISH 4 |

 / expected or obliged to be done computer. Yes, I did. /
Subject + in the future of past, doesn’t ________ No, I did not.
WAS/WERE matter if the idea is correct or
+ not.
GOING TO +
Verb 
Past Future Subject + Used to show that an action I made a I did not tell Did you say that
Continuous “SHOULD/W started in the past and continued promise that I anyone that I you would be
Tense OULD BE” + up to another point in the past. ________ would be doing would be giving a working hard in
Read on for detailed my homework speech to the next week?
Verb-ing
descriptions, examples, and all day long undergraduates Yes, I did /
present perfect continuous tomorrow. for the next whole No, I did not.
exercises. morning.

Past Future Subject + Is rarely used in daily He told the He said that he Did you say that
Perfect SHOULD/WO conversations. students that would not have you would have
Tense ULD HAVE  + they should made such a been a doctor in
Used to express the ‘idea’ in the have finished mistake if he had three years?
Verb III
past that an action/event was ________ the homework taken my advice. Yes, I did /
predicted, planned, promised, this morning. No, I did not.
expected or obliged to have
been done completely before.

Or before/while another
action/event happened in the
future of past, regardless the
fact that the idea has not been
proved to be true.

Subject + (menjelaskan aksi yang akan I heard that I did not know that Would he have
Past Future sudah dan masih sedang you should he would have been explaining to
WOULD
Perfect dilakukan diwaktu lampau dan ________ have been been working for the workers if he
HAVE BEEN
Continuous + Verb -ing tidak ada hubungannya dengan teaching here the past three had made the
Tense waktu sekarang). for ten years hours by that time information clear?
by this July. Yes, he would /
No, he would not.

| FARAH PUTI AMIRA RACHMA – ENGLISH 4 |