Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON

INDEFINITE INTEGRATION

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTEGRALS AS AN ANTIDERIVATIVE

d  xn1  xn1
   x
n
  x dx  n
c , n  – 1
dx  n  1  n 1
d 1 1
 (ln | x |)    dx  ln | x | c
dx x x
d x

dx
(e ) e x 
 e x dx  e x  c

d x ax
 (a )  (ax lna)   a x dx  c ( a > 0)
dx lna
1.2 INTEGRALS OF SOME WIDELY USED ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS
1 x
  a x 2 2
dx  sin1   c
a
dx 1 x
 x 2
a 2
 tan1 c
a a
1

 x x 1
2
dx  sec 1(x) c

(ax  b)n1
 (ax  b) dx  c n  1
n

a(n  1)
1 log(ax  b)
  ax  b dx  a
c
dx
Illustration 1: Find
 x 1  x 1
Solution: I 
dx
x 1 x 1

x 1  x 1 
x 1 x 1
I
1
2
 x 1  x 1   1
3
[(x  1)3 / 2  (x  1)3 / 2 ]
4
x
Illustration 2: Evaluate:
1 x 2
dx

x 4
x4 1  1 x4 1 1 1 x3
 x2  1  x2  1  x2  1 x2  1    x2  1 – x + tan–1 x + C
2
Solution: dx = dx = + dx = ( x 1) dx + dx =
3
Exercise 1:
ax x a 1
e e e + aa . x + C.
x log a a log x a log a
1. Evaluate : dx Ans. +
log a a  1
2 x  3x (2 / 5) x (3 / 5) x
2. Evaluate :  5x dx Ans. =
log e 2 / 5
+
log e 3 / 5
+C

dx 2
3. Evaluate  x a  x b
 Ans.
3(a  b)
[(x  a)3 / 2  (x  b)3 / 2 ]  c

x 1 ln(2x  1) 
4.  2x  1 dx Ans.
2  x
2 c

x5
 (x  2)
7
5. Ans. log(x  2) 
2
(x  2)

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
2x 4  2x 2  x  1 1 1 x x 1
6. =   Ans. x2  tan 1x  logx  log(x 2  1)
x(x  1)
2
x (1  x ) 1  x 2
2 2
2
1  2x 2 1
 x2 (1  x2 ) dx
–1
7. Ans. – + tan x + c
x
x6  1 x 5
x3
8.  x2  1 dx Ans.
5

3
 x  2 tan1 x  c

DAILY CONCEPT EVALUATION TEST – 1

 x2 x3 
1.   1  x  
2! 3!
 ....... dx 

x x –x –x
(A) –e + c (B) e +c (C) e +c (D) –e + c

ax 2  bx 1  c
2.  x 3
dx 
2 3 4 2 3 4
(A) 2ax + 3bx + 4cx + k (B) 6ax + 4bx + 3cx + k
2 1 2 1 3 1 4
(C) a + b + cx + k (D) ax  bx  cx  k
2 3 4
3. If f’(x) = 1/ x  x and f(1) = 5 / 2, then f(x) =
x2 x2 x2 x2
(A) log x   2 (B) log x  1 (C) log x   2 (D) log x – 1
2 2 2 2
1  x7
4.  x(1  x7 ) dx equals:
2 7 2 7
(A) ln x + ln (1 + x ) + c (B) ln x – ln (1 – x ) + c
7 7
2 7 2 7
(C) ln x – ln (1 + x ) + c (D) ln x + ln (1 – x ) + c
7 7
x3
5.  dx is equal to
x 1
x2 x2 x2 x2
(A) x +  - n |1 – x| + C (B) x+  - n |1 – x| + C
2 3 2 3
x2 x2 x2 x2
(C) x -  - n |1 + x| + C (D) x-  - n |1 + x| + C
2 3 2 3
 13 dx is
x
6.
13 x
(A) c (B) 13
x+1
+c (C) 14x + c (D) 14
x +1
+c
log13

 f(x)dx  f(x), then   f(x)

2
7. If dx is
1 [f(x)]3
(A) [(x)]2 (B) [(x)]
3
(C) (D) [f(x)]
2

2 3
1
8.  x x2  1 dx 
(A) cos1x + c (B) sec1x + c (C) cot1x + c (D) tan1x + c
dx
9.  x  x2


(A) 1/ 3[x  (x  2) ]  c 2 / 3[x3/2  (x  2)3/2 ]  c

3/2 3/2
(B)
1 2
(C) [(x  2)3 / 2  x3 / 2 ]  c (D) [(x  2)3 / 2  x3 / 2 ]  c
3 3
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
x x6
2

10.  (x  2)(x  1) dx 
(A) x + 2log(x – 1) + c (B) 2x + 2log(x – 1) + c
(C) x + 4log(1 – x) + c (D) x + 4log(x – 1) + c

e
x loga
11. .ex dx =
(ae)x ex
(A) (ae) + c
x
(B) c (C) c (D) None of these
log(ae) 1  loga
ax 3  bx 2  c
12.  x4
dx =

b c b c
(A) alogx + 2
 3 c (B) alogx +  3 c
x 3x x 3x
b c
(C) alogx –  3 c (D) None of these
x 3x
dx
13. 2
equals :
(x 1)(x 2 4)
x
1 1 1 1
(A) tan1 x + tan1 x + c (B) tan1 x  tan1 2 + c
3 6 3 6
x 3 x
(C) tan1x  tan1 +c (D) 3 tan1 x – tan1 2 + c
2 2
x2
14. dx equals :
1 x
1 2
(A) 1 x(3x 2 4x 8) c (B) 1 x(3x 2 4x 8) c
15 15
1 2
(C) 1 x(3x 2 4x 8) c (D) 1 x(3x 2 4x 8) c
15 15
(x 1)(x 4 x 1)
15. dx
x2 x 1
x4 x4 x3 x2
(A) x c (B) x c (C) x c (D) None
4 4 3 2
16. (x 10 C1x2 10 C2 x3 10 C3 x 4 ... 10 C10 x11 ) dx equals :
(1 x)11 (1 x)10 (1 x)12 (1 x)11
(A) c (B) c
11 10 12 11
(1 x)10 (1 x)11 (1 x)11 (1 x)12
(C) c (D) c
10 11 11 12
1
(C) cosec1 (cot x) + c (D) None of these
2
17. (ax .10x.22x ) dx equals :
a x 10 x 22x a x .10 x.22x a x .10 x.22x
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
ln(40a) ln 20a 4ln(10a)
x 1
18. dx equals
2x 3/ 2
x2 1 x 2 2x 1 (x1/2 1)2 3
 x12 + c
1/2
(A) x (B) 3/ 2
c (C) c (D) c
x x1/ 2 x3/2 x1/2 1/2
x
19. Integrate following:
xdx 1 log(3x  1) 
(i) dx Ans.  x c
3x 1 3 3 
 3 
x 1  (2x  1) 2 
(ii) dx Ans.  2x  1  c
2x 1 2 3 
 
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
x4 x3 x
(iii) dx Ans.  4x  8 tan1    c
2
2
x 4 3
1 x 1 x  x 1 2  4
(iv) dx ln  Ans. 2 x  1  2 x  1 

1 x 2 2  x  1  2 
Find the antiderivative/primitive/integrals of the following by simple manipulation/simplifying and
converting them into standard forms.
e3 x  e5 x e5 n x  e 4 n x
Q 1.  2 x . e x dx Q 2.  e x  e x
dx Q 3.  e3 n x  e 2 n x
dx

1  2 x2 (1  x )2
Q 4.  (e a ln x + e x ln a ) dx Q 5.  x 2 1  x 2 
dx Q 6.  x 1  x 2 
dx

x x 4 dx 2x  1
Q 7.  2x  1
dx Q 8.  1  x2
Q 9.  x2
dx

e2 x  1 x6  1 x4  x2  1
Q. 10.  ex
dx Q 11.  x2  1
dx Q 12.  2 1  x 2 
dx

 x 1  x 2
 x 
Q 13.  x x  x x
dx ( Nr.= x5/2 + x2 – x – x  x(x – 1)+ x (x2 – 1)(x–1)(x+x x + x )
2
 x 1   x 1 x 1   1  x 2 2 x 2  x 
Q 14.  
 2  2 x   x  1  x 1  dx, x > Q 15.   x1/ 2  x 1/ 2  x3/ 2  x1/ 2  x 1/ 2  dx
     
 6
x  64 x 2
4 x (2x  1)
2
Q 16.   1 2
. 1 2
  dx
 4  2x  x 4  4x  x 1 2 x 
2 x3  3 x 2  4 x  5 x dx dx
Q 17.  2x  1
dx Q 18.  x  2x  1
2
Q 19.  9  16x 2
dx 2x  3 dx
Q 20.  25  4x 2
Q 21.  3x  2
dx Q 22.  1  sin x
2  3 x2 dx
Q 23.  x 2 1  x 2 
dx Q 24.  x 1  x
x2  3 x2  1  2 dx dx dx x6  1  x6
Q 25.  6 2 dx [Hint :  x6 ( x2  1) dx =  x6 + 2 x6 ( x2  1) =  x6 + 2 x6 ( x2  1) dx ]
x ( x  1)
ANSWER SHEET
2x . ex e4 x x3 x a 1 ax
Q 1. + c Q 2. + c Q 3. + c Q 4.  + c
1  n2 4 3 a 1 na
1  n (2 x  1) 
Q 5.  1/x + tan 1 x + c Q 6. ln x + 2 tan 1 x + c Q 7.  x  + c
2  2
x3
Q 8.  x + tan -1 x + c Q 9. 2x + 3 ln (x  2) + c Q 10. e x + e x + c
3
x5 x3 1  x3 1 
Q 11.  + x  2 tan x + c Q 12.  3  tan x + c
5 3 2  
x2  2 3 1
 2 3/2
Q 13.  x + c Q 14.   x 2  2 x 2  + c or 2x 1/2  x +c
2  3  3
4 2 x3 x 2 3x 7
Q 15.  x x +c Q 16. x 2 + x + c Q 17.    ln (2x + 1) + c
x 3 3 2 2 4
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
1 1 4 1 2x
Q 18. ln (x + 1) + + c Q 19. sin 1 x + c Q 20. tan 1 + c
x 1 4 3 10 5
2 5 2
Q 21. x + ln (3x + 2) + c Q 22. tan x  sec x + c Q 23.  + tan 1 x + c
3 9 x
2 2 3/2 2 2 1 3 1
Q 24. (x + 1) 3/2 + x + c Q 25. C – + 
– – 2tan–1x
3 3 x 3x 5 x5
1.2 INTEGRALS OF Trigonometric FUNCTIONS

d

dx
(sin x ) cosx 
 cosxdx  sin x  c
d

dx
(cosx )  sin x 
 sinxdx  cosx  c
d

dx
( tan x )sec2 x 
 sec2 xdx tan x  c
d

dx 
(cos ec x )(  cot xcos ec x )  cos ecxcot xdx  cos ecx c
d

dx
(sec x )sec x tan x 
 sec x tan xdx sec x  c
d

dx
(cot x )  cos ec 2 x 
 cos ec 2 xdx  cot x  c
dx
Illustration 3:  tan x  cot x  sec x  cos ecx
sin x cos x dx sin x(1  tan x  sec x)
sin x dx
Solution: Given integral =  1 sin x  cos x   sec x  tan x  1  
2tan x
dx
1 1 1
  cos x(1  tan x  sec x)dx   (cos x  sin x  1)dx   sin x  cos x  x   c
2 2 2
1
Illustration 4: Find
 sin 2
x cos 2 x
dx
Here we shall write 1 in the numerator as 1  sin  cos x
2 2
Solution:
Then the integrand will be of the form a  b  1  1
ab b a
1 sin2 x  cos2 x
I  2 2
dx   dx
sin x cos x sin2 x cos2 x
sin2 x cos2 x 1 1
 2 2
dx   2 2
dx   2
dx   2 dx
sin x cos x sin x cos x cos x sin x
  sec xdx   cosec x dx  tan x  ( cot x)  c
2 2
I  tan x  cot x  c
Alternat Method:
1 4dx 2 cot 2x
I  22
dx   2
 4 cosec 2x dx   4.  c  2cot x  c
sin x cos x sin 2x 2
Exercise 2:

 tan
2
1. Evaluate : x dx Ans. tanx – x + C

1
2. Evaluate :  1  sin x dx Ans. tanx – sec x + C

1  sin 3x sin x 
3.  cos x cos 2 x dx Ans.= 
2  3

1 
+ c

1  3 1 
 sin   2 cos 2 x  6 cos 6 x  + C
3
4. Evaluate : x cos3 x dx Ans.
32
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
dx sec(x  b)

1
5. Ans. log
cos ( x  a) cos ( x  b) sin(b  a) sec(x  a)
sin 2 x d x
6.  sin 5 x . sin 3 x
Ans.

 cos x  sin x 
7. 
  dx
 cos x  sin x 
Ans. log sin x  cos x

 1  tan x  
8.    dx Ans. log sec(  4)
 1  tan x  4
cos 2 x
9.  (cos x  sin x)2 Ans. log sin x  cos x

DAILY CONCEPT EVALUATION TEST – 2

1  cos x 2
1.  sin2 x
dx 
(A) –cotx – 2x + c (B) –2cotx – 2x + c (C) –2cotx – x + c (D) –2cotx + x + c

1  cos 2x
 tan
1
2. dx 
1  cos 2x
x2
(A)
2
2x + c (B)
2
x +c (C) c (D) 2x + c
2
 tan
2
3. xdx =
(A) tanx + x + c (B) tanx – x + c (C) secx + x + c (D) secx – x + c

dx
4.  sin 2
x cos2 x

(A) tanx + cotx + c (B) cot x – tan x + c
(C) tan x – cot x + c (D) None

x
5.  1  sin dx 
2
1 x x  x x
(A)  cos  sin   c (B) 4  cos  sin   c
4 4 4  4 4
 x x  x x
(C) 4  sin  cos   c (D) 4  sin  cos   c
 4 4  4 4
cosec  cot 
6.  cosec  cot  d 
(A) 2cosec – 2cot –  + c (B) 2cosec – 2cot +  + c
(C) 2cosec + 2cot –  + c (D) None of these
7.  1  cos xdx =
x x x x
(A) 2 2 sin  c (B) 2 2 sin c (C) 2 2 cos  c (D) 2 2 cos  c
2 2 2 2
cos 2x  1
8.  cos 2x  1 dx 
(A) tanx – x + c (B) x + tanx + c (C) x – tanx + c (D) –x – cotx + c

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
sin x  cos x
2 2
9.  sin2 x cos2 x
dx 
(A) tan x + cot x + c (B) tan x + cosec x + c
(C) tan x + cot x + c (D) tan x + sec x + c
10. ( x sin x)dx 2 equals :
4 5/2 2 5/2
(A) x – 2x cos x + 2sin x + c (B) x – 2x cos x – sin x + c
5 5
4 5/4 2
(C) x – 2x cos x – 2 sin x + c (D) None of these
5
sin8 x cos8 x
11. dx equals :
1 2sin2 x.cos2 x
1 1
(A) sin 2x (B) sin 2x (C) sin 2x (D) None of these
2 2
dx x
12. If tan a b , then a equals
1 sin x 2

(A) (B) (C) (D)

4 4 2 2
cos2x cos2
13. If d = f() + A, then :
cos x cos
(A) f() = 2 sin  (B) A = 2 sin x (C) f() =  2 sin  (D) A = 2 cos x
3
14. sin x dx equals :
cos3 x 3 1
(A)  cos x + +c (B) cos x + cos 3x + c
3 4 12
1
 cos x  cos x + c
3
(C) (D) None of these
3
dx
15. = A loge tan (Bx + C) + k, then :
3 sin x cos x
1 1 1
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) C
2 2 3 4
cosec 2 x sin x
16. dx 2 dx equals :
2
cot x 1 1 2sin2 x
cos 2x
(A) cosec 2 x 2 dx (B) dx
2 sin x
cos 2x
(C) dx (D) cosec 2 x 1 dx
sin x
17. sec x . cosec 2 x dx equals :
2

(A) tan x – cot x + c (B) cot x – sec x + c

x x x x
(C) tan cot c (D) cot tan c
2 2 2 2
18. tan5x.tan3x.tan2x dx equals :
log sec 5x log sec 3x log sec 2x log sec 10x
(A) c (B) c
5 3 2 10
log sec 5x log sec 3x log sec 2x sec 5x sec 3x sec 2x
(C) c (D) log log log c
5 3 2 5 3 2
cos x sin x
19. dx equals :
sin2x
(A)  log (sin x + cos x + sin 2x ) + c (B) log (sin x + cos x + sin 2x ) + c
1
(C)  log (cos x – sin x + sin 2x ) + c (D) sin (sin x + cos x)

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
cos2x
20. tan 1 dx equals :
1 sin2x
x2 x2
x +c
2 2
(A) x c (B) x c (C) (D) x + c]
4 2 4 2
sec 2 x
21.  1  tan xdx =
2
(A) log (cos x + sin x) + c (B) log(sec x) + c
1
(C) log (1 + tan x) + c (D) c
1  tan x 
2

 (sin x  cos4 x)dx  :

4
22.
cos2x sin2x sin2x cos 2x
(A)  c (B)  c (C) c (D) c
2 2 2 2
cos2x  cos2
23.  cos x  cos  dx is equal to
(A) 2(sinx + x cos  ) + C (B) 2(sinx - x cos  ) + C
(C) 2(sinx + 2x cos  ) + C (D) 2(sinx - 2x cos  ) + C
dx
24.  sin(x  a).sin(x  b) is equal to
sin(x  b) sin(x  a)
(A) sin(b – a). n +C (B) cosec(b – a). n +C
sin(x  a) sin(x  b)
sin(x  b) sin(x  a)
(C) cosec(b – a). n +C (D) sin(b – a). n +C
sin(x  a) sin(x  b)
cos x  sin x
25.  1  sin 2x
dx 
1 1 1
(A) +c (B) c (C) (D) None
cos x  sin x cos x  sin x cos x  sin x
26. Integrate following:
 dx 
(i)   sin x.cos2 x  dx Ans: ln tan(x / 2)  sec x  c
 
1  cos2x cosecx 
(ii)   sin(x)cos(3x)dx  Ans:
2  2
 c
4 
 
  sin(x   / 4)
1
(iii)    
dx 
 
Ans: ln
sin(x   / 4)

 sin  x   sin  x   
  4  4 
 sin x  1
(iv)   1  cos2x dx  log cosecx  cot x  c Ans:
  2
Find the antiderivative/primitive/integrals of the following by simple manipulation/simplifying and
converting them into standard forms.
1  cos 2 x 1  tan 2 x 1  tan 2 x
Q 1.  1  cos 2 x
dx Q 2.  1  tan 2 x
dx Q 3.  1  cot 2 x
dx

e3 x  e5 x cos 2 x x 21
Q 4.  e x  e x
dx Q 5.  cos 2
x sin 2 x
dx Q 6.  4cos 2 ·cos x·sin 2
x dx

cos x  sinx
Q 7.  cos x  sinx
(2 + 2 sin 2x) dx Q 8.  (3sin xcos 2 xsin 3 x) dx

sec 2 x  1 cos x  cos 2 x

Q 9.  cos xº dx Q 10.  sec 2 x  1 dx Q 11.  1  cos x
dx

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
sin x  cos x cos 2 x  cos 2
Q 12.  1  sin 2 x
dx (cosx + sinx > 0) Q13.  cos x  cos 
dx

sin 3 x  cos3 x
Q 14.  sin 2 x cos 2 x
dx Q 15.  sec 2 x cosec 2 x dx Q 16.  1  sin 2x dx

sin 6 x  cos6 x  2  9 x 2  7 x 
Q 17.  sin 2 x . cos 2 x
dx Q 18.  sin  8  4   sin  8  4   dx
    
cos 4x  1  2 x 
Q 19.  cot x  tanx
dx Q 20.  sin  sin ( x   )  sin  2     dx
  
sin 2 x  sin 5 x  sin 3x  cot2 2x  1  cos 4 x  sin 4 x
Q 21.  cos x  1  2sin 2 2 x
dx Q 22.   2 cot 2x  cos 8x cot 4x  dx
 
Q 23.  1  cos 4 x
dx

(cos2x>0)
x 2
 sin 2 x  sec2 x dx cos 8x  cos 7x
Q 24.  1 x 2
dx Q 25.  1  sin x
Q 26.  1  2 cos 5x
dx

Q 27.  sin x cos x cos 2x cos 4x dx

ANSWER SHEET
1 1 e4 x
Q 1. (tan x + x) + c sin 2x + c Q 3. tan x  x + c
Q 2. Q 4. + c
2 2 4
1 1 1 1 
Q 5.  (cot x + tan x) + c Q 6.   cos9 x  cos10 x  cos11x  cos12 x  + c
9 10 11 12 
cos 3 x 180
Q 7. sin 2x + c Q 8.  + c Q 9. sin xº + c Q 10. tan x  x +c
3 
Q 11. x + 2 sin x + c Q 12. x + c Q 13. 2 (sin x + x cos ) + c
Q 14. sec x  cosec x + c Q 15. tan x  cot x + c Q 16. (sin x + cos x) sgn (cos x - sin x) + c
x cos 4 x
Q 17. tan x  cot x  3x + c Q 18.  2 cos + c Q 19.  + c 2 +c
2 8
1 cos8 x x
Q 20. (x  sin x) + c Q 21.  2 cos x + c Q 22.  + c Q 23. + c
2 8 2
sin 3x sin 2x
Q 24. tan x  tan 1 x + c 25. tan x  sec x + c Q 26.   c Q 27.  1/ 64 cos 8x + c
3 2
2. METHODS OF INTEGRATION
If the integrand is not a derivative of a known function, then the corresponding integrals cannot be found directly. In
order to find the integral of complex problems, there are three fundamental methods of integration which are used
widely:
 INTEGRATION BY SUBSTITUTION
 INTEGRATION BY PARTS
 INTEGRATION BY PARTIAL FRACTIONS
2.1 INTEGRATION BY SUBSTITUTION
Direct Substitution:
If the integrand consists of a product of two factors one which contains a part of which the second factor is either an
exact derivative or can be made so by multiplying by a suitable constant, then that part of the first factor may be
substituted by t.
x 7 dx
Illustration 5: Evaluate  (1  x 2 )5
x 7 dx x 7 dx dx
Solution: I=  (1  x 2 ) 5
=   1 
5
   1 
5
x 10 1  2  x 3 1  2 
 x   x 

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
4
1 2dx 1 dt 1 1 1 
Let t = 1 
x2
 dt  
x3
I=   
2 t 5 8t 4
 c  1  2 
8 x 
c

1  tan x
Illustration 6: Evaluate  1  tan x dx
tan A  tanB 
Solution: We shall use the formate tan(A  B)  and tan x  1
1  tan A tanB 4

tan  tan x
1  tan x  
I  dx   4 dx   tan   x dx
1  tan x  4 
1  tan .tan x
4
 
 log cos   x 
4   
I c  I   log cos   x   c
1  4 
1  tan x cos x  sin x
Alternate Method:
 1  tan x dx   sin x  cos x dx  log sinx  cosx  c
 x  1
Illustration 7: Evaluate x dx .
1  xe x 
2

x  1e x dt 1 1
 dt , 1 + xex = t , (x + 1)ex dx = dt =  t  1 t 2 du
 
Solution: t= dt = -
xe x 1  xe x 2 u u2
1
 du u 1  xe x 
 u2  1  u du  u + ln (1 – u) + c   ln c
 1 u  1 = 1  xe x  1  xe x



 
 u  u2
x
Illustration 8: Evaluate :
 x2  1
dxx 4

x x
Solution: We have,  =  4 dx =  (x ) dx
x  x2  1 2 2
 x2  1
dt x dt
Let x2 = t, then, d (x2) = dt  2x dx = dt   dx =
2x
=  .
t  t 1 2x
2

 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 t 
=  t  t 1
2
dt =  2
dt = . tan –1  2 +C
 3 
2  1  3 2 2
2
3
t       
 2  2  2  2 

1 –1  2t  1  1 –1
 2 x2  1 
= tan   +C= tan   + C.
3  3  3  3 
( f ( x)) n 1 f  ( x) ( f ( x))1 n
Note: (i)  [ f(x)]n f (x) dx =
n 1
(ii)   f ( x)n dx =
1 n
dx
(iii)  x ( x n  1)
nN Take xn common & put 1 + xn = t.

dx
(iv)  ( n 1)
n  N, take xn common & put 1+xn = tn
x  x  1
2 n n

dx
(v)  x 1  x
take xn common as x and put 1 + xn = t.
n

n 1/ n

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
Exercise 3:
sin( nx)
1.  x
dx Ans. – cos (n x) + C

tan ( n x)
2.  x
Ans. ln sec ln x   c

tan (sin 1 x)
3.  Ans. 
ln sec sin1 x  c 
1 x 2

cos x
4.  cos ( x  a) Ans. cosa. x   sina ln sec(x  a)
x cos x 1
5.  ( x sin x  cos x)2 Ans.
x sin x  cos x
c

x 2 tan 1 x3
2
1  tan1 x3 
6.  1  x6
Ans. 
3  2


tan x sec2 x
7.  x
Ans. 2tan2 x

8.  e x sin e x d x Ans.  cosex  c

ln2  sec x  tan x 

9.  sec x ln (sec x + tan x) dx Ans.
2
tan x
10.  sin 2 x
dx Ans. tan x

(tan x  x) 2
11.  (tan3x – x tan2x) d x Ans.
2
+C

DAILY CONCEPT EVALUATION TEST – 3

(x  1) dx 2
1.  x(x 2  1)
=

1
(A) logex+c (B)
–1
logex + 2tan x + c (C) loge  c (D) 2
loge{(x + 1)} + c
x 1 2

dx
2. e x
 e x

–1 –x –1 x x –x x –x
(A) tan (e ) (B) tan (e ) (C) log(e – e ) (D) log(e + e )
dx
3.  x  x log x 
(A) log(1 + logx) (B) loglog(1+logx) (C) logx+log(logx) (D) None of these

x e1  ex 1
4.  xe  ex dx 
1
(A)
e
log(x +e )+c
x
(B)
e x
elog(x +e )+c (C) log(x e  ex )  c (D) None of these
e
ex (x  1)
5.  cos2 (xex )dx 
x x x x
(A) tan(xe )+c (B) sec(xe )tan(xe )+c (C) –tan(xe )+c (D) None of these
1
6.  cos 2
x(1  tan x)2
dx 

1 1 1 1
(A) c (B) c (C)  c (D) None of these
tan x  1 1  tan x 3 (1  tan x)3
SHIKHAR : Indra Complex, Vijaya Nagar, Chetakpuri, Gwalior (0751) 2446970 11
Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
10x  10 loge 10
9 x
7.  10x  x10
dx 
1 1 1 1
(A)  c (B)
x 10
log(10 + x ) + c (C)  c (D) None of these
2 (10  x10 )
x
2 (10  x10 )
x

 cos xdx 
5
8.
2 3 1 2 1
(A) sin x  sin5 x  c
sin x – (B) sin x  sin3 x  sin5 x  c
3 5 3 5
2 3 1 5
(C) sin x  sin x  sin x  c (D) None of these
3 5
dx
9.  xlog xlog(log x) 
(A) 2log(logx)+c (B) log[log(logx)]+c
(C) log(xlogx)+c (D) None of these

 2x cos x 2 sin x 2dx 

3
10.
1 1
(A)  cos4 x 2  c (B) cos4 x 2  c
4 4
4 2
(C) cos x + c (D) None of these
1
11.  x cos2 (1  log x) dx 
(A) tan(1 + log x)+c (B) cot(1 + logx) + c (C) –tan(1 + logx) + c (D) –cot(1+logx) + c
 1
 1  x 
12. The value of  1  x 2 

e  x
dx =

1 1 1 1
x x x2  x2 
(A) e x c (B) e x c (C) e x
c (D) e x2
c
4
1 x
13. If 
x  x5
dx  f(x)  c , then the value of xx 5
dx is:
(A) logx – f(x)+c (B) f(x)+logx+c (C) f(x) – logx+c (D) None of these

 cos
3 / 7
14. x sin11/ 7 xdx 
4 7
(A) log|sin x| + c
4/7
(B) tan4 / 7 x  c (C) tan4 / 7 x  c (D) log|cos3/7x|+c
7 4
1  tan x
15.  1 tan xdx 
     
(A) log sec  4  x  c (B) log cos  4  x   c (C) log sin  4  x   c (D) None of these
     
1
16. x3 8x 2 dx equals :
2
(x 8)5/ 2 8(x 8)3/ 2 (x 8)5/ 2 8 (x 8)3/ 2
(A) c (B) c
5 3 5 3 3
(x 8)5/ 2 8(x 8)3/ 2
(C) c (D) None of these
5 3
a
17. dx equals :
b cex
a a a
(A) ln(be x c) (B) {x ln(b cex )} (C) {x ln(b cex )} (D) None of these
b b b

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
cos x
18.  x
dx 

(A) 2 cos x +c (B) 2 sin x +c (C) sin x +c (D) 1/ 2cos x  c

1
19. If dx = f(x) + A, where A is any arbitrary constant, then the function f(x) is =
1  x  x
(A) 2tan1x (B) 2tan1 x (C) 2cot1 x (D) loge(1 + x)

e
cos2 x
20. sin2xdx 
2 2 2
(A) ecos x + c (B) – ecos x + c (C) 1/2 ecos x + c (D) None of these
x

2
22 2x x
21. If c is any arbitrary constant, then 2 2 dx =
x 2x
22 22 2x
(A) c (B) c (C) 22 (ln2)3  c (D) None of these
(ln2)3 (ln2)3
22. If f(x) = g(x), then the value of  f '(x).g(x)dx is:
1 1
(A)
2
{f(x)} + c (B) {g(x)} + c
2
(C) {f(x)} 2  c (D) {g(x)} 2  c
2 2
1
23.  1  sin x
dx 

 x 1  x
(A) 2 2 logtan     c (B) logtan     c
8 4 2 8 4
 x 1  x
(C) 2 logtan     c (D) logtan     c
8 4 2 2 8 4

 {1 2tan x(tan x  sec x)} dx 

1/ 2
24.
1/2
(A) log(secx + tanx) + c (B) log(secx + tanx) +c
(C) logsecx (secx + tan x) + c (D) none
2 2 1/2
dx dy
25. If x f "(t)cost f '(t)sint,y f "(t)sint f '(t)cost, then dt is equal to
dt dt
(A) f '(t) f "(t) c (B) f "(t) f '"(t) c
(C) f(t) f "(t) c (D) f '(t) f "(t) c

e5 log x  e4 log x
26.  e3 log x  e2log x dx 
x3
(A) e.3
–3x
+c
3
(B) e logx + c (C) c (D) None of these
3
 x2  1
3/2
 1
27. x    2  dx is equal to
 x  x 
3 5/2 3/2 3/4
1  1 2  1 2  1 4  1
(A) x  x  + C (B) x  x  +C (C) x  x  + C (D) x  x  +C
3   5   3   3  
(1  nx)5
28.  x dx is equal to
1 1 1 1
(A) (1  nx)6 + C (B) (1  nx)5 + C (C) (1  nx)6 + C (D) (1  nx)5 + C
6 5 6 5
29. Evaluate following integrals
sec 4 x n 2 (sec x) sin 2 x
(i)  tan x
d x ; (ii)  cot x
d x ; (iii)  (a sin x  b cos2 x)2
2
d x ;

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
n2 x x 1 sin x dx tan x  sec x  1
(iv)  x ( x  1)
d x (v)  sin 2 x
d x ;(vi)  4 cos x  3 cos x
3
;(vii)  tan x  sec x  1
d x ;

30. Evaluate following integrals

cos ec (tan 1 x) cos 2 x dx
(i)  1 x 2
d x ; (ii) 
sin x
d x ; (iii) 
sin x cos 2 x
dx dx dx
31. Evaluate (i)  (ii)  (iii) 
3 sin x  cos x a sin x  b cos x sec x  cos ec x
dx ex 1 e x (1  x)
32. Evaluate (i)  ex  1 ; (ii)  ex  1 dx ; (iii)  sin 2 ( xe x ) dx
33.  [ f ( x) g ( x)  f ( x) g ( x)] dx is equal to
f ( x)
(A) (B) f(x) g(x) – f(x) g(x)
g ( x)
(C) f(x) g(x) – f(x) g(x) (D) f(x) g(x) + f(x) g(x)
1
34.  sin 3 x cos x
dx is equal to

2 2
(A) +c (B) 2 tan x +c (C) +c (D) - 2 tan x -c
tan x tan x
n | x|
35.  x 1  n | x | dx equals
2 2
(A) 1  n x (nx 2) + c (B) 1  n x (nx+ 2) + c
3 3
1
(C) 1  n x (nx 2) + c (D) 2 1  n x (3 nx 2) + c
3
dx
36.  x cos 2
(1  log x )
=

(A)  tan(log x )  c (B) tan(log ex )  c (C) sec 2 (log x )  c (D) None

3. INTEGRATION BY PARTS
If f(x) and g(x) be two functions of x, then integral of product of these two functions is given by:
 df(x) 
 f(x)g(x) dx  f(x) g(x) dx- 
I II dx  g(x) dx  dx

Fundamental logics for the selection of first and the second function:
-1 -1 -1
 If in the product of the two functions, one of the functions is not directly integrable (e.g. lnx, sin x, cos x, tan x etc.)
then we take it as the first function and the remaining function is taken as the second function. e.g. In the integration
of x tan x dx, tan x is taken as the first function and x as the second function.
-1 -1

If there is no other function, then unity is taken as the second function e.g. In the integration of tan x dx , tan x is
-1 -1

taken as the first function and 1 as the second function.
 If both of the function are directly integrable then the first function is chosen in such a way that the derivative of the
function thus obtained under integral sign is easily integrable. For this we follow the ILATE rule (Inverse,
Logarithmic, Algebraic, Trigonometric, Exponent) In the above stated order, the function on the left is always
chosen as the first function. e.g. In the integration of  x sin xdx , x is taken as the first function and sinx is taken as
the second function.

 g( x)e dx, if g(x) can be expressed as

x
 In the integral

g(x) = f(x) + f(x) then  e f ( x )  f ( x )dx = e f(x) + c

x x

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
S. NO. FORM OF INTEGRAL SUBSTITUTION
1. For terms of the form x + a or
2 2
x 2  a2 Put x = a tan  or a cot 
2. For terms of the form x - a or
2 2
x 2  a2 Put x = a sec  or a cosec 
3. For terms of the form a - x or a2  x 2
2 2
Put x=a sin  or x= a cos 
4. If both a  x , a  x are present put x = a cos 
5. For the type x  ab  x , put x = a cos  + b sin 
2 2

n n
   
6. For the type  x 2  a2  x  or  x  x 2  a2  put the expression within the bracket = t.
   
1 1
1 1
For the type (x + a) n (x + b) n or
xb
7. 1 put t .
 x b n
1 1 xa
  , (n  N, n > 1)
 xa ( x  a )2
1
8. For ; n1n2  N (and > 1) put (x + a) = t (x + b)
x  a x  bn2
n1

 x tan
1
Illustration 9: Evaluate : x dx
x2 1 x2
 x tan – 
1
Solution: x dx = (tan–1 x) . dx
2 1  x2 2
x2 1 x2  1 1 x2 2
–1 x – 1 1  1 dx ,= x tan–1x – 1 [x –tan–1x] +
2  x2  1 2  x2  1
= tan–1 x – dx = tan
2 2 2 2
C.
Illustration 10: Evaluate :  x log(1  x) dx
x2 1 x2
Solution:  x log(1  x) dx = log (x + 1) . 2 –  x  1 . 2 dx
x2 1 x2 x2 1 x2 1  1
2  x 1 2  x 1
= log (x + 1) – dx = log (x + 1) – dx
2 2
x2 1 x2 1 1 x2 1   1  
=
2
log (x + 1) – 
2 x 1
+
x 1
dx =
2
log (x + 1) –  
2  
 ( x  1)   dx
x  1  
x2 1  x2 
= log (x + 1) –   x  log | x  1| + C
2 2 2 
 cos   sin  
Illustration 11: Evaluate  cos 2  ln  d
 cos   sin  
 cos   sin  
Solution: Let I =  cos 2 ln cos   sin   d
Applying integration by parts
sin 2  cos   sin   sin 2 d  cos   sin 
I=
2
ln 
 cos   sin  
ln
2 d  cos   sin d

sin 2  cos   sin   sin 2 2 sin 2  cos   sin   1

=
2
ln 
 cos   sin   2

cos 2
d =
2 ln   ln sec 2  c .
 cos   sin   2
1  sin x
e
x
Illustration 12: Evaluate dx
1  cos x
ex e x sin x ex e x 2 sin x / 2. cos x / 2
Solution: I=  1  cos x dx +  1  cos x dx =  x 2
dx +  2 cos 2 x / 2
dx
2 cos
2
x x 1 2 x x
e tan 2  2 sec 2  dx c
x x
= = e tan = e (f(x) + f(x))
  2
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
 2x + 2 
 sin
-1
Illustration 13: Evaluate:  dx
 4x + 8x +13 
2

 2x + 2 
Solution:
  4x2 + 8x +13 dx =  sin-1 
Here, I = sin-1  2x + 2 
dx
 (2x + 2) + 3 
2 2

-1  3 tan  3 2
Put, 2x + 2 = 3 tan  2 dx = 3 sec  d    3 sec  dx sec θ dθ
2
sin
 2
I II
3
2  2
 3
2

sec 2θ dθ = tanθ -  tanθdθ =  θ tanθ - log secθ  + c
3

3  2 
 2x + 2  2x + 2    2x + 2   
I=  tan-1   - log 1+   +c
2 3  3    3   
  
3 2 -1  2  2 
=  (x +1)tan  (x +1)  - log 4x + 8x +13  + c
2 3 3  
 2  3
 I = (x +1)tan-1  (x +1)  - log(4x 2 + 8x +13)+ c .
3  4

e
2x
Illustration 14: Evaluate : sin 3x dx

e sin 3x dx. Then, =  e2 x sin 3x dx

2x
Solution: Let  =

 cos 3x  2x  cos 3x  1 2x 2
  = e2x   –  2e    dx  =– e cos 3x +  e2 x cos3x dx
 3   3  3 3
1 2  2 x sin 3x sin 3x 
 =– e2x cos 3x +  e   2e2 x dx 
3 3  3 3 
1 2 4 2x
9 
 =– e2x cos 3x + e2x sin 3x – e sin 3x dx
3 9
1 2 4 4 e2 x
 =– e2x cos 3x + e2x sin 3x –   + = (2 sin 3x – 3 cos 3x)
3 9 9 9 9
13 e2 x e2 x
 = (2 sin 3x – 3 cos 3x)  = (2 sin 3x – 3 cos 3x) + C
9 9 13
Note :
(i)  ex [f(x) + f (x)] dx = ex. f(x) + c (ii)  [f(x) + xf (x)] dx = x f(x) + c
Exercise 4:
1.  x sin x dx Ans. – x cosx + sin x + C

x e x2 ex – 2xex + 2ex + C
2 x
2. dx Ans.

x ex
e
x
3. dx Ans. +c
( x  1) 2 ( x  1)
x  1  sin x  x
4.  e  1  cos x  dx Ans. – ex cot
2
+c

DAILY CONCEPT EVALUATION TEST – 4

x
2
1. sinxdx
2 2
(A) x sin x – 2x cos x + c (B) x sin x + c
2 2
(C) –x cos x + 2 x sin x + 2 cos x + c (D) –x sin x – 2x cos x + sin x + c

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
2.  e (cosx – sinx)dx is equal to
x

(A) e x cosx + C (B) e x sinx + C (C)

x
- e cosx + C (D)
x
- e sinx + C

3.  tan1 x dx is equal to
1 1
(A) (x + 1) tan x x+C (B) x. tan x x+C
1
(C) x  x tan x + C (D) x - (x + 1) tan1 x + C
 x  1
4.  e x  2  dx is equal to
 x 
ex ex ex ex
(A) - +C (B) +C (C) - 2 +C (D) +C
x x x x2
5.  sin2x. n(cos x)dx is equal to
1 1
(A) cos2 x (1 - 2 n(cosx)) + C (B) cos2 x (1 + 2 n(cosx)) + C
2 2
2
(C) 1/2 cos x (1 - n(cosx)) + C (D) None of these

 x .e
 x2
6. 3
dx 
2 1 2 3 1 2 2
(A) ( x 2  1)e x  c (B) ( x  1)e x  c (C) ( x  1)e x  c (D) None
2 2

 x .e
x
7. 2
dx 

(A)  x 2 e  x  2xe  x  2e  x  c (B)  x 2 e  x  2 xe  x  c

(C) x 2 e  x  e  x  c (D) None
8. The value of f ''(x) F(x)dx f(x) F''(x)dx
(A) f(x) F(x) – f(x) F(x) + c (B) f(x) F(x) – f(x) F(x) + c
(C) f(x) F(x) – F(x) f(x) + c (D) f(x) F(x) – F(x) f(x) + c
9.  x. log x dx 
1 2 1
(A ) x (2log x  1)  c (B) (log x 2  1)  c
4 4
1
(C) log x 2  c (D) None
4

x e
2 x3
10. dx 
3
ex 3 3
(A) c (B) 3.e x  c (C) ex  c (D) None of these
3
11.  sec x. log(sec x  tan x)dx 
sec 2 x
(A) sec x  c (B) c (C) 2 sec 2 x  c (D) None
2

e (2sin3x  3cos3x)dx :
2x
12. The value of
2x 2x 2x 2x
(A) e sin3x (B) e cos3x (C) e (D) e (2sin3x)

e (1  tan x) sec xdx 

x
13.
(a)  e x sec x  c (b) e x cos x  c (c) e x sec x  c (d) None
log x
14. The value of  dx is
( x  1) 2
 log x log x
(a)  log x  log( x  1)  c (b)  log x  log( x  2)  c
x 1 ( x  1)
log x  log x
(c) log x  log( x  1)  c (d)  log x  log( x  1)  c
x 1 x 1

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON

 xe
2x
15. If
2x
dx is equal to e f ( x)  c where C is constant of integration, then f (x) is
(a) (3x - 1)/4 (b) (2x  1)/2 (c) (2x  1)/4 (d) (x - 4)/6

16. The primitive of the function x | cos x | when  x   is given by
2
(a) cos x  x sin x (b)  cos x  x sin x (c) x sin x  cos x (d) None of these
tan x
17.  sec x  tan x dx 
(a) sec x – tanx – x + c (b) sec x + tan x – x + c (c) None (d) sec x – tan x + x + c
3
x
18.  dx is equal to
x 1
x2 x2 x2 x2
(A) x+  - n |1 – x| + C (B) x+  - n |1 – x| + C
2 3 2 3
x2 x2 x2 x2
(C) x-  - n |1 + x| + C (D) x-  - n |1 + x| + C
2 3 2 3
e
2 x 2 ln x
19. dx is equal to
2 2 2 2
e 2x e 2x e 2x x2 xe2 x
(A) c (B) c (C)  (D) c
4 2 4 2 4
dx x 
20. If  1 sin x  tan  2  a   b, then:
 
(A) ,b=3 a= (B) a = – , b= 3
4 4
 
(C) a  ,b  arbitrary constant (D) a   ,b  arbitrary constant
4 4
21. If  2 1  sin xdx  4 cos(ax + b) + c then the value of (a, b) is:
1  
(A) , (B) 1, (C) 1, 1 (D) None of these
2 4 2
2
 1 x 
 e  1  x2  dx is equal to
x
22.

ex ex ex ex
(A) C (B) - C (C) C (D) - C
1 x2 1 x2 (1  x 2 )2 (1  x 2 )2
x  x  1
23.  e  x2  dx is equal to
ex ex ex ex
(A) - +C (B) +C (C) - +C (D) +C
x x x2 x2


sin x
24. dx 
x

(a) 2 sin x  c (b) 2 cos x  c (c)  2 sin x  c (d)  2 cos x  c

 x .e
3 3
2 x
cos(e x )dx 
25.
3 3 1 3 3
(a) sin (e x )  c (b) 3 sin(e x )  c (c) sin(e x )  c (d)  cos(e x )  c
3
1  sin x
 1  cos x .e
x / 2
dx 
26.
x
(a) e  x / 2 . sec c (b) e x / 2 . sec x  c (c) e  x / 2 sec x  c (d) None
2

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
 1
27. 
If x. log1  dx  f ( x) log(x  1)  g ( x). x 2  Lx  c then
 x
x2  1
(a) f(x)  (b) g ( x)  log x (c) L  1 /2 (d) None of these
2

 x sin x cos x 2 dx 
2
28.
cos 2 x 2 cos 2 x 2 cos x 2 cos x 2
(a)  c (b) c (c) c (d)  c
8 8 4 8
 tan x  3 
29.  e 3x 
 cos x 
dx 

(a) e 3x sin x  c (b) e 3x cos x  c (c) e 3x tan x  c (d) e 3x sec x  c

 tan x 
30.  e x cos x sec 2 x 

dx 
cos 2 x 
(a) e x sec x tan x  c (b) e x tan x  c (c) e x sec x  c (d) None

tan 1 x 
1  xx 
2
31. e  1 x2

dx 


1 1 1
(a) xe tan x
c (b) x 2 e tan x
c (c) 1/ x etan x
c (d) None of these
n (tan x)
32.  sin x cos x
dx equal:

1 2 1 2 1 2 1
(A) n (cot x) + c (B) n (sec x) + c (C) n (sin x sec x) + c (D) n2 (cos x cosec x) + c
2 2 2 2

n  +c
2
33.  tan 1 x. n (1 + x2) dx. Ans. x tan 1 x. n (1 + x2) + (tan 1 x)2  2x tan 1 x+ n (1 + x2)  1  x2

n (1  sin 2 x) dx
34. Evaluate  cos 2 x
Ans tan x ln (1 + sin2x) – 2x + 2 tan–1 ( 2 tan x) + c.

1 x
35.  (2  x) 2
ex dx 

ex ex ex ex
(A) c (B) c (C)  c (D) c
(2  x)3 2 x (1  x)(2  x) (1  x)2 (2  x)
x  1  sin x 
36.  e  1 cos x  dx 
x x x x
(A) ex tan  c (B) ex cot  c (C) ex sec  c (D) ex cosec c
2 2 2 2
e2 x (sin 4 x  2) 1 2x
37.  1  cos 4 x d x (Ans. e cot 2 x )
2
x ex ex
38.  =
(1  x) 2 1  x
39.  ex [ l n (sec x + tan x) + sec x ] d x = ex ln (secx + tanx)
e x ( x 2  5 x  7) e x ( x  2)
40.  ( x  3) 2
dx (Ans.
x3
)

1
e tan x
(1  x  x 2 )

1
41. dx (Ans. x etan x
)
1 x 2

e x ( x 2  1) e x ( x  1)
42.  ( x  1)2 dx (Ans.
x 1
)

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
e ( x  1)
x
ex
43.  ( x  1)3
dx (Ans.
(1  x) 2
4. INTEGRATION OF TYPE

Express px + q = A (differential coefficient of denominator) + B.

2x  3
Illustration 15: Evaluate :  x2  4x  1
dx

2x  3 (2 x  4)  1 2x  4 1
Solution:  x  4x 1
2
dx = 
x  4x 1 2
dx =
x  4x 1
 2
dx –  x  4x 1
2
dx

dt 1
=  –  dx, where t = x2 + 4x + 1
 
2
t
( x  2)2  3

=2 t – log | (x + 2) + x 2  4 x  1 | + C = 2 x 2  4 x  1 – log | x + 2 + x 2  4 x  1 | + C

Illustration 16: Evaluate :  ( x  5) x 2  x dx

d 2
Solution: Let (x – 5) =  . (x + x) + . Then,
dx
x – 5 = (2x + 1) + .
Comparing coefficients of like powers of x, we get
1 11
1 = 2 and  +  = – 5   = and  = –
2 2
 ( x  5) x 2  x dx
1 11  1 11
=   2 (2 x  1)  2  x 2  x dx =  (2 x  1)
2
x 2  x dx –
2  x 2  x dx

1 11
=
2  (2 x  1) x 2  x dx –
2  x 2  x dx
2 2
1 11  1 1
=
2  t dt –
2   x    
 2 2
dx where t = x2 + x

11   1   1  
2 2
1 t 3/ 2 1  1 
= . –   x    x  
  
2 3/ 2 2  2  2  2 2 
  
2  1 1 
2 2 
1 1  1  
– .   log  x     x       + C
2 2  2  2   2  
 
1 3/2 11  2 x  1 2 1  1 
= t –  x  x  n  x    x2  x  + C
3 2  4 8  2 
1 11  2 x  1 2 1  1 
= (x2 + x)3/2 –  x  x  n  x    x2  x  + C
3 2  4 8  2 
Exercise 5.
x 1 1 1  2x 1 
1. x 2
 x3
dx Ans.
2
log |x2 + x + 3| +
11
tan–1 
 11 
+ C

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
6x  5
2.  3x  5 x  1
2
dx Ans. 2 3x 2  5 x  1 + C

1 2 3 9
 ( x 1) 1  x  x 2 dx Ans. (2x + 1) 1  x  x log (2x +1 + 2 x  x  1 ) + C
2 2
3. (x + x + 1)3/2 – –
3 8 16

5. INTEGRATION OF TYPE
x2  1
 x 4  Kx 2  1 dx where K is any constant.
1
Divide Nr & Dr by x² & put x = t.
x
1  x2
1  x2  x4 
Illustration 17: dx

 1  1
1  2  dx 
x  1
 x  1 dt 1 t 1 1
 2 1 = t– 
Solution: x+ =– n + C= – n x +C
x  2 1 x t 2
 1 2 t  1 2 1
x  1
x x
1
Illustration 18: Evaluate :  4 dx
x 1
1
Solution: We have,  =  4 dx
x 1
1 2 1 1
1 2 1 2
2 1 2 1
 =   2 1 dx  = 2  2 1  2 1 dx
x dx  = x x x
1 2
x  2
2
x  2 x  2 x  2
x x x x
1 1 1 1
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
1 1 1 1
2  x2  1 2  x2  1 2  
 = x dx – x dx = x dx – x dx
2 2
1 2  1
x2 x2 x  2 x  2
 x  x
1 1
Putting x – = u in 1st integral and x + =  in 2nd integral, we get
x x
1 du 1 d 1  u  1 1  2
=  –  = tan–1  – 2 log +C
 2    2
2 2
2 u2  2 2  2 2 2  2 2 2

1  x  1/ x  1 x  1/ x  2
= tan–1   – log +C
2 2  2  4 2 x  1/ x  2
1  x2 1  1 x2  2 x  1
= tan–1   – log +C
2 2  2x 4 2 x2  x 2  1
Exercise 6.
1
x 3
x2 1 1

1. dx Ans. n x +C
x4  7 x2  1 6 1
x 3
x
1  y  1 y 2 1
2.  tan x dx Ans.
2
tan–1 
 2
 +
2 2
n
y 2
+ C where y = tan x –
tan x

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
6. INTEGRATION OF TYPE

OR ; put px + q = t2.
1
Illustration 19: Evaluate :  ( x  3) x 1
dx

1
Solution: Let  =  ( x  3) x 1
dx

Here, P and Q both are linear, so we put Q = t2 i.e. x + 1 = t2 and dx = 2t dt

dt 1 t 2 1 x 1  2

1 2t dt  = 2
 =
 (t 2
 1  3) t 2 t 2
2 2
=2.
2(2)
log
t2
+ C =
2
log
x 1  2
+ C.

x2
Illustration 20: Evaluate :  (x
 3x  3) x  1
2
dx

x2
Solution: Let  =  dx
( x  3x  3) x  1
2

(t 2  1) 2t dt
Putting x + 1 = t2, and dx = 2t dt, we get  =  {(t 2
 1) 2  3(t 2 1)  3} t 2
1
1
(t  1) 2
t 2 dt
 =2  4 dt = 2 2 1
t  t2 1 t  2 1
t
 1
du 1 2  u  2 t  t 
 =2  where t – = u.  = tan –1
  +C= tan–1
 + C
 3
2
u2  t 3  3 3  3
 
2  t 2 1  2  x 
 = tan–1   +C= tan–1   +C
3  t 3  3  3 ( x  1) 

7. INTEGRATION OF TYPE

, put ax + b =1/t ; , put x = 1/t

dx
Illustration 21:  (1  x )2
1  x2
1 dt
Solution: Put x =
t
 =  (t 2
 1) t 2  1
y dy 1  y  1  1  x2 
put t2 – 1 = y2  =–  ( y  2) y
2
=–
2
tan–1 
 2
 + C= –
2
tan–1 
 2x
 +C

 
Exercise 7.

1. 
dx
( x  2) x  1
Ans. 2 tan–1  
x 1 + C

 x 1 
2. 
dx
( x  5 x  6) x  1
2
Ans. 2 tan–1  x 1 -  2 tan–1  + C
2 


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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
3 1 
  
sin–1  2 x  1  + C
dx
3.  ( x  1) 1  x  x 2
Ans.
 5 
 
 2 
dx 1  1  x2 
4.  (2 x  1) 1  x 2
2
Ans. –
3
tan–1 
 3x 
2 
+C

dx 1  x 2  2 x  4  6 ( x  1) 
5.  ( x 2  2 x  2) x 2  2 x  4
Ans. –
2 6
n   +C
 x 2  2 x  4  6 ( x  1) 
 
DAILY CONCEPT EVALUATION TEST – 5
3
x dx
1.  is equal to
1 x2
1 1 1 1
(A) 1  x 2 (2 + x 2 ) (B) 1  x 2 ( x 2 - 1) (C) (1  x 2 )3 / 2 (D) 1  x 2 ( x 2 - 2)
3 3 3 3
x4  x2 1
2.  x2  x 1
dx 

x3 x2 x3 x2 x3 x2 x3 x2
(a)   x  c (b)  xc (c)   x  c (d)  xc
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2
3x  4
3. If  x  2x  4
3
dx  log(x  2)  K log f ( x)  c then

1
(a) K 1 (b) K  1 (c) K  (d) None
2
dx
4.  (1 x 2
) 1 x2


 1 x2  1  x 2 
(A) 
1
tan1  c (B) tan1  c
 1 x 
2
2  x 2  2
 1 x2   1 x2 
(C) 2 tan1  c (D)  2 tan1  c
 x 2   x 2 
( x 2  a2 )
5. The value of  x
dx will be

 ( x 2  a2 )   (x 2  a2 ) 
(A) ( x 2  a2 )  a tan 1  c (B) ( x 2  a 2 )  a tan 1  c
 a   a 
 
x
(C) ( x 2  a 2 )  a 2 tan 1[ x 2  a 2 ]  c (D) tan 1 c
a
x2 1
6.  x( x 2  1)
dx 

1  x 2  1  x 2  1  x 2  1
(A) log   c (B)  log c (C) log c (D) None
2  x   x 

 x 

dx
7. xx 3


 x2   2  1  x2 
(A) 2 log c (B)  1 log x   c (C) log c (D) None
 1 x
2 
 2  1  x 2  2  1  x 2 

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
3x  1
8.
 5  2x  x 2
dx 

 x  1  x  1
(A) 3 5  2x  x 2  2 sin 1  c
 (B) 3 5  2x  x 2  2 sin 1    c
 6   6 
 x  1
(C)  3 5  2x  x 2  2 sin 1    c (D) None
 6 
2x  1
9.
 x  2x  1
2
dx 

(A) 2 x 2  x  1  log x  1  x 2  2x  1  c (B)  2 x 2  x  1  log x  1  x 2  2x  1  c

(C) 2 x 2  x  1  log x  1  x 2  2x  1  c (D) None

x2  x  6
10. ( x  2)(x  1)
dx 

(A) x  4 log( x  1)  c (B) x  4 log( x  1)  c (C) 1/2 x  1/ 4log( x  1)  c (D) None

3x  2
11.  ( x 1) (2x  3) dx 
1 1
(a) log | ( x  1) |  log | 2 x  3 | c (b) log | ( x  1)( 2 x  3) | c
2 2
(c) log | ( x  1)( 2x  3) | c (d) 2 log | ( x 1)( 2x  3) | c
x4 1
12. x 2
1
dx 

x3 x3 x3 x3
(a)  x  2 tan 1 x  c (b)  x  tan 1 x  c (c)  x  2 tan 1 x  c (d)  x  tan 1 x  c
3 3 3 3
x 1
13.  ( x  3) ( x  2)
dx 

( x  3) ( x  3) 2
(a) log  c (b) 2 log ( x  3)  log(x  2)  c (c) log ( x  3) ( x  2)  c (d) log c
( x  2) ( x  2)
2
 x 1   x 1 x  1  2 3/2 1/ 2  2 3/2
  2 2 x 
     dx   3 x  2x   c or 2x  3 x  c
1/ 2
14. Ans.
   x 1 x  1   

 
3
1 2
 x  x  2dx x  x2  2 
2 2
15. Ans.
 
3 1
2
x  x2  2

1
f(x) w.r.t. x , where f(x) = tan x + ln 1  x  ln 1  x Ans:  ln x 4  1  c
4 –1
16. Integrate
2
(ax 2  b)dx  2
1 ax  b

17. x c 2 x 2  (ax 2  b)2
Ans. sin 
 cx
c


x2  1
18.  dx is equal to
x4  x2  1
1  x2  1 1  x2  1  1  x2  1 1  x2  1
(A) tan1  2  + C (B) tan1  2  + C (C) tan1   + C (D) tan1  + C
3  x  3 x 3 3 x 3 3  3 
x9
19.  dx is equal to
 
6
4x 2  1
5 5
1  1 1 1 1
  1
 
5 5
(A)  4  2  + C (B)  4  2  + C (C) 1  4x 2 +C (D) 1  4x 2 +C
5x  x  5 x  10x 10
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
dx
20.  is equal to
x 2/3
(1  x 2 / 3 )
1 17
(A) tan1(x1/ 3 ) + C 1 1/ 3
(B) 3 tan (x ) + C (C) sin1(x1/ 3 ) + C (D) 3sin1(x1/ 3 ) + C
3 88
dx
21.  is equal to
x2 2  x2
1
(A) x 1 x2 + C (B) -x
1
1 x2 + C (C) - 1 2  x2 + C (D) 1 x2 + C
2x x
x 1
22.  dx is equal to
x x 1
(A) n |x - x 2  1 | - tan1 + C (B) n |x + x 2  1 | - tan1 + C
(C) n |x - x 2  1 | - sec 1 + C (D) n |x + x 2  1 | - sec 1 + C
3x 4  1
23. Primitive of w.r.t. x is:
(x 4  x  1)2
x x x 1 x 1
(A) c (B)  4 c (C)  c (D) – 4 c
x  x 1 4
x  x 1 x  x 1
4
x  x 1
x4  1 B
24. If  dx = A ln |x| + + c, where c is the constant of integration then:
x(x  1)
2 2
1  x2
(A) A = 1; B = –1 (B) A = –1; B = 1 (C) A = 1; B = 1 (D) A = –1; B = –1
1
 3 x
1  x2 1 x
25. Integrate with respect to x Ans. – n +c
1  x2  x4 2 3 1
x  x
x
 x 1 dx f ( x)
26. If x 2
2 x  2x  1
2
is equal to
g ( x)
+c then

(A) f(x) = 2x2 – 2x + 1 (B) g(x) = x + 1 (C) g(x) = x (D) f(x) = 2 x2  2 x

x2 1
27. x 3
2x4  2x2  1
dx is equal to

2 x4  2 x2  1 2 x4  2 x2  1 2 x4  2 x2  1 2 x4  2 x2  1
(A) +c (B) +c (C) +c (D) +c
x2 x3 x 2 x2
8. INTEGRATION OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

(i)
Multiply Nr & Dr by sec² x & put tan x = t.

(ii)
Hint:
Convert sines & cosines into their respective tangents of half the angles and then,
x
put tan =t
2

d
(iii) dx. Express Nr  A(Dr) + B (Dr) + c & proceed.
dx
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
1
Illustration 22: Evaluate :  1  sin x  cos x dx
1 1
Solution: =  1  sin x  cos x dx =  2 tan x / 2 1  tan 2 x / 2
dx
1 
1  tan 2 x / 2 1  tan 2 x / 2
1  tan 2 x / 2 sec2 x / 2
=  dx =  dx
1  tan 2 x / 2  2 tan x / 2  1  tan 2 x / 2 2  2 tan x / 2
x 1 x
Putting tan = t and sec2 dx = dt, we get
2 2 2
1 x
=  dt = log | t + 1| + C = log tan  1 + C
t 1 2
3sin x  2cos x
Illustration 23: Evaluate :  dx
3cos x  2sin x
3sin x  2cos x
Solution: =  dx
3cos x  2sin x
d
Let 3 sin x + 2 cos x = . (3 cos x + 2 sin x ) +  (3 cos x + 2 sin x)
dx
 3 sin x + 2 cos x =  (–3 sin x + 2 cos x) +  (3 cos x + 2 sin x )
Comparing the coefficients of sin x and cos x on both sides, we get
12 5
– 3 + 2 = 3 and 2 + 3 = 2  = and  = –
13 13
 (3sin x  2cos x)  (3cos x  2sin x)
 =  dx
3cos x  2sin x
3sin x  2cos x dt
=   1. dx +   dx =  x +   , where t = 3 cos x + 2 sin x
3cos x  2sin x t
5 12
=  x +  n | t | + C = x+ n | 3 cos x + 2 sin x | + C
13 13
3cos x  2
Illustration 24: Evaluate :  dx
sin x  2cos x  3
Solution: We have,
3cos x  2
=  sin x  2cos x  3 dx
Let 3 cos x + 2 =  (sin x + 2 cos x + 3) +  (cos x – 2 sin x) + 
Comparing the coefficients of sin x, cos x and constant term on both sides, we get
 – 2 = 0, 2 +  = 3, 3 +  = 2
6 3 8  (sin x  2cos x  3)  (cos x  2sin x) 
 = , and  = –  =  dx
5 5 5 sin x  2cos x  3
cos x  2sin x 1
  =   dx    dx +   dx
sin x  2cos x  3 sin x  2cos x  3
  =  x +  log | sin x + 2 cos x + 3 | +  1, where
1
1 =  sin x  2cos x  3 dx
2 tan x / 2 1  tan 2 x / 2
Putting, sin x = , cos x = we get
1  tan 2 x / 2 1  tan 2 x / 2
1
1 =  dx
2 tan x / 2 2(1  tan 2 x / 2)
 3
1  tan 2 x / 2 1  tan 2 x / 2

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
1  tan x / 2 2
sec2 x / 2
=  2 tan x / 2  2  2 tan 2 x / 2  3(1  tan 2 x / 2)  tan 2 x / 2  2 tan x / 2  5 dx
dx =

x 1 x x
Putting tan = t and sec2 = dt or sec2 dx = 2 dt, we get
2 2 2 2
 x 
2dt dt 2  t  1   tan 2  1 
1 =  2 =2 = tan–1  –1
 = tan  
t  2t  5 (t  1) 2  22 2  2   2 
 
 x 
 tan 2  1 
Hence,  = x +  log | sin x + 2 cos x + 3 | +  tan–1   +C
 2 
 
6 3 8
where  = ,  = and  = –
5 5 5
dx
Illustration 25:  1  3cos2 x
sec2 x dx 1  tan x 
Solution:  tan 2 x  4 = 2 tan–1  2  + C
Exercise 8.
4sin x  5cos x 40 9
1.  5sin x  4cos x dx Ans.
41
x+
41
log |5sinx + 4cosx| + C

9. INTEGRATION OF TYPE
Case - 
If m and n are even natural number then converts higher power into higher angles.
Case - 
 If at least m or n is odd natural number then if m is odd put cosx = t and vice-versa.
Case -
When m + n is a negative even integer then put tan x = t.

 sin
5
Illustration 26: x cos4 x dx
Solution: put cos x = t  – sinx dx = dt
9 7 5
4 . dt= – (t 4  2t 2  1) t4 dt= – (t 8  2t 6  t 4 ) dt= – t + 2t – t + c
   
2 2
=– (1 t ) . t
9 7 5
9 7 5
cos x cos x cos x
=– +2 – +c Ans.
9 7 5
 (sin x) (cos x) dx
1/ 3 7 / 3
Illustration 27:
1
 (sin x) (cos x)7 / 3 dx =  (tan x)
1/ 3 1/ 3
Solution: dx
cos 2 x
3 3
put tanx = t sec2x dx = dt = t dt = t4/3 + c = (tanx)4/3 + c
1/ 3
Ans.
4 4
 sin x cos x dx
2 4
Illustration 28:
1 1 1
8  
Solution: sin 2 x(1  cos 2 x)dx
2
sin 2 2x dx +  sin 2 2 x cos 2 x dx
=
8 8
1 1  sin 2 x 
3
1 sin 4 x sin 3 2 x
16 
= (1  cos 4 x ) dx    = – + +c
16  3  16 64 48

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
DAILY CONCEPT EVALUATION TEST – 6
sin2x
 sin
1 2
1. If dx = a cot (b tan x) + c, then
4
x  cos4 x
(A) a = 1, b = -1 (B) a = -1, b = 1 (C) a = -1, b = -1 (D) None of these


dx
2. 
sin 2 x  4 cos 2 x
1  x 1 1 
(A) tan 1  tan   c (B) tan 1  tan x   c
2  2  2  2 
1
(C) x  log x  log( x 2  1)  tan 1 x  c (D) None
2
1  x
 5  4 cos x  K tan
dx
3. If  M tan   c then
 2 
1 2
(a) M (b) M (c) M 0 (d) Nones
3 3
sin xdx
4. a 2
 b2 cos2 x


1  acos x 
tan1  c
2 2 2
(A) log(a + b cos x) + c (B)
ab  b 
1  bcos x  1  acos x 
(C) cot 1  c (D) cot 1  c
ab  a  ab  b 
sin2x
5.  a2  b2 sin2 xdx 
1 1
(A) log(a2  b2 sin2 x)  c (B) log(a2  b2 sin2 x)  c
b 2
b
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(C) log(a + b sin x) + c (D) b log(a + b sin x) + c
dx
6.  4 sin 2
x  5 cos 2 x


1  2 tan x  1  2 tan x 
(A) tan 1  . (B) tan 1  c

5  5  25  5 
1  2 tan x 
(C) tan1   c (D) None
2 5  5 
sin 8 x  cos8 x
7.  1  2sin 2 x cos2 x dx=
1 1 1
(A) - sin 2x + c (B) sin 2x + c (C) - sin x + c (D) – sin2x + c
2 2 2
sin2x
8.  sin5x sin3xdx 
1 1
(A) logsin3x – log sin5x + c (B) logsin3x  logsin5x  c
3 5
1 1
(C) logsin3x  logsin5x  c (D) 3logsin3x – 5logsin5x + c
3 5
dx
9.  cos(x  a)cos(x  b) 
sin(x  a) cos(x  a)
(A) cosec(a  b)log c (B) cosec(a  b)log c
sin(x  b) cos(x  b)
sin(x  b) cos(x  b)
(C) cosec(a  b)log c (D) cosec(a  b)log c
sin(x  a) cos(x  a)
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
cos x dx
10.  (1  sin x )(2  sin x ) 
1  1  sin x   1  sin x 
(A) log c (B)  log c
2  2  sin x   2  sin x 
 1  sin x 
(C) log c (D) None
 2  sin x 
dx
11. cos 2x  3 sin 2 x


(A)
1
tan 1 tan x   c (B)
1
2
 
tan 1 2 tan x  c (C)
1
 
tan 1 2 tan x  c (D) None
2 2
dx
12.  (1  x 2
) p 2  q 2 (tan 1 x ) 2


(A)
1
q 


log tan 1 x  q 2 tan 1 x  p 2   c

 (B)
1  1 1
log q tan x  q tan x
q 
2
 2 
 p 2   c


(C)
1 
2 
q 

log tan 1 x  q 2 tan 1 x  p   c
2

(D) None

tan x sec 2 x
13. (a  b tan 2 x ) 2
dx 

1 1
(A)  c (B) c
2b(a  b tan 2 x ) 2b(a  b tan 2 x )
1
(C) c (D) None
2b(a  b tan 2 x )

 sec x tan x dx 
3
14.
sec 3 x sec 3 x cos 3 x
(A)  c (B) c (C) (D) None
3 3 3
sin x
15.  sin x  cos x dx 
x 1 1 1
(A)  log(sin x  cos x )  c (B) x  log(sin x  cos x )  c
2 2 2 2
x 1
(C)  log(sin x  cos x )  c (D) None
2 2
4ex 6e x
2x
16. dx = Ax + Bln (9e – 4) + c then :
9ex 4e x

3 35 3 35 3 35 3 35
(A) A ,B (B) A ,B (C) A ,B (D) A ,B
2 36 2 36 2 36 2 36
sin3 x  cos3 x
17.  sin2 x cos2 x dx Ans. secx – cosecx + c

cos3x
 (3sin x cos x  sin3 x)dx c
2
18. Ans. –
3
cos x  sin x
19.  cos x  sin x (2  2sin2x)dx Ans. sin2x + c

cos2x
20.  cos 2
x sin2 x
dx Ans. –(cotx + tanx) + c

sin(x  a)  cos x 
  cosasin1    sinalog sin x  sin x  sin a
2 2
21. dx Ans.
sin(x  a)  cos  

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
3  8 
4  cot x  3   cot x  3 
2
 (sin x)
11/ 3
22. (cos x)1/ 3 dx Ans. 
8  
tan 2
23.  cos   sin 
6 6
d Ans. log sec 2  sec 2 2  3

2sin x
24.  dx is equal to
3  sin2x
1 2  sin x  cos x 1  sin x  cos x  + C
(A) n  tan1  
2 2  sin x  cos x 2  2 
1 2  sin x  cos x 1  sin x  cos x  + C
(B) n  tan1  
2 2  sin x  cos x 2 2  2 
1 2  sin x  cos x 1  sin x  cos x + C
(C) n  tan1  
4 2  sin x  cos x 2  2 
(D) None of these
sin x
25.  dx is equal to
sin 4x
1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(A) n  n +C
2 2 1  2 sin x 8 1  sin x
1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(B) n  n +C
2 2 1  2 sin x 8 1  sin x
1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(C) n  n +C
4 2 1  2 sin x 8 1  sin x
1 1  2 sin x 1 1  sin x
(D) n  n +C
4 2 1  2 sin x 8 1  sin x

26. If  sin2 x. cos4 x dx = ax + bsin2x + csin4x + dsin6x + e

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(A) a = ,b= ,c=- ,d=- (B) a = ,b=- ,c=- ,d=
16 32 64 192 16 32 64 192
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(C) a = ,b= ,c=- ,d=- (D) a = ,b=- ,c=- ,d=
16 64 64 192 16 64 64 192
3cot 3x  cot x
27. If  dx = p f(x) + q g(x) + c where 'c' is a constant of integration, then
tan x  3tan 3x
1 3  tan x 1 3  tan x
(A) p = 1; q = ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n (B) p = 1; q =  ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tan x 3 3  tan x
2 3  tan x 1 3  tan x
(C) p = 1; q =  ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n (D) p = 1; q =  ; f(x) = x; g(x) = n
3 3  tan x 3 3  tan x
dx
28. If  3
sin x cos x 5
=a cot x +b tan 3 x +c where c is an arbitrary constant of integration then the values of ‘a’

and ‘b’ are respectively:

2 2 2
(A) 2 & (B) 2 & (C) 2& (D) none
3 3 3
dx  x
29.  5  4 cos x
=  tan1  m tan  +c then
 2
(A) l = 2/3 (B) m = 1/3 (C) l = 1/3 (D) m = 2/3

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
dx
30.  3
cos x . sin 2 x
equals:

2 2
(A) (tan x)5/2 + 2 tan x +c (B) (tan2 x + 5) tan x +c
5 5
2
(C) (tan2 x + 5) 2 tan x +c (D) none
5
10. INTEGRATION OF RATIONAL ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS BY USING PARTIAL
FRACTIONS:
PARTIAL FRACTIONS :

CASE I When denominator is expressible as the product of non-repeating linear factors.

f ( x) A1 A2 An
Let g(x) = (x – a1) (x – a2) .....(x – an). Then, we assume that = + + ..... +
g ( x) x  a1 x  a2 x  an
where A1, A2, ...... An are constants and can be determined by equating the numerator on R.H.S. to the numerator
on L.H.S. and then substituting x = a1, a2, ........,an.
3x  2
Illustration 29: Resolve into partial fractions.
x  6 x 2  11x  6
3

3x  2 3x  2
Solution: We have, 3 =
x  6 x  11x  6
2
( x  1)( x  2)( x  3)
3x  2 A B B
Let = + + . Then,
( x  1)( x  2)( x  3) x  1 x2 x3
3x  2 A( x  2)( x  3)  B( x 1)( x  3)  C ( x 1)( x  2)
 =
( x  1)( x  2)( x  3) ( x  1)( x  2)( x  3)
 3x + 2 = A(x – 2) (x – 3) + B (x – 1) (x – 3) + C(x – 1) (x – 2) ...........(i)
Putting x – 1 = 0 or x = 1 in (i), we get
5
5 = A(1 – 2) (1 – 3)  A = ,
2
Putting x – 2 = 0 or, x = 2 in (i), we obtain
8 = B (2 – 1) (2 – 3)  B = –8.
Putting x – 3 = 0 or, x = 3 in (i), we obtain
11
1 = C (3 – 1) (3 – 2)  C = .
2
3x  2 3x  2 5 8 11
 = = – +
x  6 x  11x  6 ( x  1)( x  2)( x  3) 2( x  1)
3 2
x  2 2( x  3)

NOTE: In order to determine the value of constants in the numerator of the partial fraction corresponding to the non-
repeated linear factor px + q in the denominator of a rational expression, we may proceed as follows:
q
Replace x = – (obtained by putting px + q = 0) everywhere in the given rational expression except in the
p
factor px + q itself. For example, in the above illustration the value of A is obtained by replacing x by 1 in all
3x  2
factors of except (x – 1) i.e.
( x  1)( x  2)( x  3)
3 1  2 5
A= =
(1  2)(1  3) 2
Similarly, we have
3 2 1 3 3  2 11
B= = –8 and, C = =
(1  2)(2  3) (3  1)(3  2) 2

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
x  6 x  10 x  2
3 2
Illustration 30: Resolve into partial fractions.
x2  5x  6
Solution: Here the given function is an improper rational function. On dividing we get
x3  6 x 2  10 x  2 ( x  4)
=x–1+ ...........(i)
x  5x  6
2
( x 2  5 x  6)
x  4 x  4
we have, 2 =
x  5 x  6 ( x  2)( x  3)
x  4 A B
So, let = + – x + 4 = A(x – 3) + B(x – 2) ...........(ii)
( x  2)( x  3) x  2 x3
Putting x – 3 = 0 or, x = 3 in (ii), we get
1 = B(1)  B = 1.
Putting x – 2 = 0 or, x = 2 in (ii), we get
x  4 2 1
2 = A (2 – 3)  A = – 2   = +
( x  2)( x  3) x  2 x  3
x3  6 x 2  10 x  2 2 2
Hence =x–1– +
x  5x  6
2
x2 x3
CASE II When the denominator g(x) is expressible as the product of the linear factors such that some of them are
repeating.
1 1
Example = this can be expressed as
g ( x) ( x  a) ( x  a1 )( x  a2 ).......( x  ar )
k

A1 A2 A3 Ak B1 B2 Br
+ + + ....+ + + + ...... +
x  a ( x  a) 2
( x  a) 3
( x  a) k
( x  a1 ) ( x  a2 ) ( x  ar )
Now to determine constants we equate numerators on both sides. Some of the constants are determined by
substitution as in case I and remaining are obtained by
The following example illustrate the procedure.
3x  2 (3x  2)dx
Illustration 31: Resolve
( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2)
2
into partial fractions, and evaluate  ( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2)
2

3x  2 A A2 A3 A4
Solution: Let = 1 + + +
( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2) x  1
2
( x  1) 2
x 1 x  2
 3x – 2 = A1 (x – 1) (x + 1) (x + 2) + A2 (x + 1) (x + 2)
+ A3 (x – 1)2 (x + 2) + A4 (x – 1)2 (x + 1) .......(i)
Putting x – 1 = 0 or, x = 1 in (i) we get
1
1 = A2 (1 + 1) (1 + 2)  A2 =
6
Putting x + 1 = 0 or, x = –1 in (i) we get
5
– 5 = A3 (–2)2 (–1 + 2)  A3 = –
4
8
Putting x + 2 = 0 or, x = –2 in (i) we get – 8 = A4 (–3)2 (–1)  A4 =
9
Now equating coefficient of x3 on both sides, we get 0 = A1 + A3 + A4
5 8 13
 A1 = –A3 – A4 = – =
4 9 36
3x  2 13 1 5 8
 = + – +
( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2) 36( x  1)
2
6( x  1) 2
4( x  1) 9( x  2)
(3x  2)dx 13 1 5 8
and hence  = n |x – 1| – – n |x + 1| + n |x + 2| + c
( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2) 36
2
6( x  1) 4 9

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
CASE III When some of the factors of denominator g(x) are quadratic but non-repeating. Corresponding to each quadratic
Ax  B
factor ax2 + bx + c, we assume partial fraction of the type , where A and B are constants to be
ax  bx  c
2

determined by comparing coefficients of similar powers of x in the numerator of both sides. In practice it is advisable
A(2ax  b) B
to assume partial fractions of the type + The following example illustrates the
ax  bx  c ax  bx  c
2 2

procedure
2x 1 2x 1
Illustration 32: Resolve into partial fractions and evaluate  dx
( x  1)( x  2)
2
( x  1)( x 2  2)
2x 1 A Bx  C 2x 1 A( x 2  2)  ( Bx  C )( x  1)
Solution: Let = + . Then, =
( x  1)( x 2  2) x  1 x2  2 ( x  1)( x 2  2) ( x  1)( x 2  2)
 2x – 1 = A (x2 + 2) + (Bx + C) (x + 1) ...(i)
Putting x + 1 = 0 or, x = –1 in (i), we get – 3 = A(3)  A = –1.
Comparing coefficients of the like powers of x on both sides of (i), we get
A + B = 0, C + 2A = –1 and C + B = 2
 –1 + B = 0, C – 2 = –1 (Putting A = –1)  B = 1, C = 1
2x 1 1 x 1
 =– + 2
( x  1)( x  2)
2
x 1 x  2
2x 1 1 1 x
Hence  dx = – n |x + 1| + n |x2 + 1| + tan–1 +c
( x  1)( x  2)
2
2 2 2
CASE IV When some of the factors of the denominator g(x) are quadratic and repeating fractions of the form
   
 A0 (2ax  b) A1   A1 (2ax  b) A2   A2 k 1 (2ax  b) A2 k 
 2  2  +  2   + ....+  2  
 ax  bx  c ax  bx  c    ax  bx  c   ax  bx  c      
2 2 k k
2

 ax  bx  c ax 2
 bx  c 

The following example illustrates the procedure.
2x  3
Illustration 33: Resolve into partial fractions.
( x  1)( x 2  1) 2
2x  3 A Bx  C Dx  E
Solution: Let = + + 2 . Then,
( x  1)( x  1)
2 2
x 1 x  1 ( x  1) 2
2

2x – 3 = A(x2 + 1)2 + (Bx + C) (x – 1) (x2 + 1) + (Dx + E) (x – 1) ......(i)

1
Putting x = 1 in (i), we get – 1 = A (1 + 1)2  A = –
4
Equation coefficients of like powers of x, we have
A + B = 0, C – B = 0, 2A + B – C + D = 0, C + E – B – D = 2 and A – C – E = –3.
1
Putting A = – and solving these equations, we get
4
1 1 5
B= = C, D = and E =
4 2 2
2x  3 1 x 1 x5
 = + +
( x  1)( x  1)
2 2
4( x  1) 4( x  1)
2
2( x 2  1) 2
2x
Illustration 34: Resolve 3 into partial fractions.
x 1
2x 2x 2x A Bx  C
Solution: We have, 3 = So, let = + 2 .
x  1 ( x  1)( x  x  1)
2
( x  1)( x  x  1) x  1
2
x  x 1
Then, 2x = A (x2 + x + 1) + (Bx + C) (x – 1) .......(i)
2
Putting x – 1 = 0 or, x = 1 in (i), we get 2 = 3 A  A =
3
2
Putting x = 0 in (i), we get A – C = 0  C = A =
3
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
2 4 2
Putting x = – 1 in (i), we get –2 = A + 2B – 2 C.  – 2 = + 2B – B=–
3 3 3
2x 2 1 2 / 3x  2 / 3 2x 2 1 2 1 x
 = . + or, 3 = +
x3  1 3 x  1 x2  x  1 x 1 3 x 1 3 x2  x  1
2x  7
Case V: Expression  has a quadratic factor in the denominator.
(x  1)(x 2  4)
2x  7 A Bx  C
Let   2  2x  7  A(x  4)  (Bx  C)  (x 1)
2

(x  1)(x  4) x  1 x  4
2

put x  1  5  5A or A1
Comparing the like terms:
0  A  B  B   A  1
2x  7 1 ( x  3)
7  4A  C C74A3    2
(x  1)(x  4) x  1 x  4
2

Or
To obtain value of A, B, C from 2x  7  A(x  4)  (Bx  C) (x  1)
2

i.e. 2x  7  (A  B)x  (Bx  C)x  4A  C

2

Equating the coefficients of identical powers of x, we get

A  B  0, B  C  2 and 4A  C  7
Solving we get A  1, B  1, C  3.
Exercise 9:
1 1 1 4
1.   
(x  1)(x  2)(2x  3) 15(x  1) 3(x  2) 5(2x  3)
3x 2  2x  1 2 17 3
2.   
(x  1)(x  1)(2x  1) 3(x  1) 15(x  2) 5(2x  1)
3x 2  4x  5 3 31 12 3x 2  2x  1 1 17
3.    4.  3x  7  
2x 2  3x  1 2 2(2x  1) x  1 (x  1)(x  2) x 1 x  2

xdx
Illustration 35: Evaluate x 13
.
3 2
Solution: Since x + 1 = (x + 1) (x - x + 1) (the second factor is not a product of linear factors), the partial
fractions of the given integer will have the form.
x A Bx + D
3
= + 2 .
x +1 x +1 x - x +1
2 2
Hence, x = A(x - x + 1) + (Bx + D)(x + 1) = (A + B)x + (-A + B + D)x + (A + D).
Equating the coefficients of equal powers of x, we get A = -1/3, B = 1/3, D = 1/3.
1 dx 1 x 1 1 1
Thus I = -   2
3 x +1 3 x - x +1
dx   ln x  1  I1.
3 3
x +1
To calculate the integral I1 = 
x2 - x + 1
dx,

express (x + 1) = l(d.c. of x - x + 1) + m  (x + 1) = l(2x - 1) + m = 2xl - l + m

2

Comparing the coefficients of like powers of x, we get l =1/2 and m=3/2

1 2x - 1 3 dx
 I1=  2
2 x - x +1
dx  2
2 x - x +1
1 3 2  x - 1/2
 ln x 2 - x + 1 +   tan-1 + c1
2 2 3 3 /2
1  2x - 1 
 ln x 2 - x + 1 + 3 tan-1   + c1
2  3 
1 1 1  2x - 1 
Hence I = - ln x + 1  ln x 2 - x + 1 + tan-1   c
3 6 3  3 

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
x  3x  3x  2
4 2
Illustration 36: Evaluate x3  x2  2x
dx.

Solution: Since the power of the numerator is higher than that of the denominator, i.e., the fraction is improper,
we have to single out the integral part. Dividing the numerator by the denominator we obtain:
x 4  3x 2  3x  2 x2
=x+1–
x  x  2x
3 2
x( x  x  2)
2

x 4  3x 2  3x  2 ( x  2)
Hence I =  x 3  x 2  2x
dx =  ( x  1) dx   x( x  2)(x  1) dx
Expand the remaining proper fraction into simple ones i.e.
x+2 A B C
= + + .
x( x - 2) ( x + 1) x x - 2 x + 1
Hence, x + 2 = A(x - 2)(x + 1) + Bx(x + 1) + C(x -2).
Substituting, in turn, the values 0, 2 and –1 of x
(the roots of the denominator) into both sides of the equality, we obtain A = -1, B = 2/3, C = 1/3
dx 2 dx 1 dx
I=  (x + 1) dx +  -
x 3  x - 2 3  x  1
x2 2 1
= + x + ln x - ln x  2  ln x  1 c
2 3 3
Exercise 10.
1 x2
1.  ( x  2)( x  3) dx Ans. n
x3
+C

dx 1 1 1 –1
2.  ( x  1)( x 2
 1)
Ans.
2
n |x + 1| –
4
n (x2 + 1) +
2
tan (x) + C

x6  1 x5 x3
3.  x2  1 dx Ans.
5

3
 x  2 tan1 x  c

1  2x 2 1
 x2 (1  x2 ) dx
–1
4. Ans. – + tan x + c
x
dx 1
If 
2 1
5. =a n(1+ x )+ b tan x + n |x + 2| + C then
(x  2)(x  1)
2
5
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
(A) a=- ,b=- (B) a = ,b=- (C) a=- ,b= (D) a= ,b=
10 5 10 5 10 5 10 5

11. INTEGRATION OF TYPE

x 
 dx or   x      x  ; put x =  cos2  +  sin2 
 x
x 
 x
dx or   x     x    ; put x =  sec   tan 
2 2

dx
 x   x    ; put x  = t2 or x  = t2.

sin x
Illustration 37: Evaluate  sin x  cos x dx .
Solution: Let sin x = A( sin x – cos x) + B. d.c of (sin x – cos x)
or sin x = A ( sin x – cos x) + B ( cos x + sin x) or sin x= (A + B ) sin x + (B –A) cos x
equating the coefficient of sin x and cos x, we get
A + B = 1 and B – A = 0 A = 1/2, B = 1/2
1
sin x  cos x   1 cos x  sin x  1 1 cos x  sin x
dx =  logsin x  cos x   c .
x 1
I= 2  2
sin x  cos x
=
2
dx 
2 sin x  cos x 
2 2 
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
dx
Illustration 38: Evaluate  ( x  1)
x2  x  1
, x > 1.

2
Solution: Put x - 1 = 1/t and dx = -1/t dt.
dt 1 dt
We get I   3t  3t  1
2

3 2
 1 1
t   
 2  12
2
 1  1
2

ln t  1/ 2   t   
1 1 1
= c 12    1 .
3  2  12 
1
ln
1 1
   x 1 2 
c
3 x 1 2 12

dx
Illustration 39: Evaluate (x  ) ( x   )(   x )
.

Put x =  sin  +  cos . Then dx = 2 ( - ) sin  cos  d

2 2
Solution:
and (x - ) = ( - ) cos , and (x - ) = ( - ) sin 
2 2

4 (  ) sin cos  d 2 2 2 ( x  )
 I  (  ) sin 2(sin 2
=
) (  )   
cos ec 2d  
 
cot   c  
(  ) (  x )
c

Illustration 40: Evaluate  (2x - 4) 4  3 x  x 2 dx .

Write (2x - 4) =  (d.c. of 4 + 3x - x ) + m,
2
Solution:
or, (2x - 4) =  (-2x + 3) + m. Comparing the coefficients, we get
-2  = 2, 3  + m = -4   = -1, m = -1.
Hence I =    2x  3 4  3x  x 2 dx -  4 + 3x - x 2 dx

 
2 2
2 5  3

3/2
=  4  3x  x 2     x  
3 2  2
 3 
 x   5 2 
 
2
2
=  4  3x  x 2
3/2
-  2    3 25  2x  3 
   x    sin-1  c.
3  2 2  2 8  5 
 
 
4  x2 a( 4  x 2 )3 / 2 ( bx 2  6 )
Illustration 41: If x6 dx 
x5
 C,then
40 1 40 1
(A) a   , b  1 (B) a   , b  1 (C) a  , b  1 (D) a  , b 1
3 120 3 120
4  x2 1 4 / x2
Solution: I=  x6
dx =  x5
dx

 8 
4 1  3  1 t 2 (t 2  1)
Let t = 1  2  dt
 
x   I=–  dt
x dx 4 4 4
2 1
x2
1 1 t3 1 t5 1 (4  x 2 )3 / 2  2 4  1
      2  a =
2 4
 (t t )dt . C =  ,b=1
3 x 
5
16 16 3 16 5 80 x 120
Illustration 42: For any natural number m, evaluate

 (x
3m
+ x2m + xm )(2x 2m +3xm + 6)1/m dx, x > 0
m+1 m+1
(A)
1
(m +1)
2x 3m
+ 3x 2m
+ 6x  +c
m m
(B)
1
6(m +1)
 x 3m
+ 3x 2m
+ 6x  +c
m m

m+1 m+1
(C)
1
6(m +1)
2x 3m
+ 3x 2m
+ 6x  +c
m m
(D)
1
(m +1)
 x 3m
+ 3x 2m
+ 6x  +c
m m

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
Solution: (C) Here
(2x 2m + 3xm + 6)1/m
 (x + x + x )(2x +3x + 6) dx =  (x + x + x )
3m 2m m 2m m 1/m 3m 2m m
I= dx
x
 (x
3m
I= + x2m + xm )(2x 2m +3x 2m + 6xm )1/m dx .....(i)
Put, 2x + 3x + 6x = t  6m (3x
3m 2m m 3m-1 2m-1 m-1
+x +x ) dx = dt
 Equation (i) becomes,
m+1
1 t(1/m)+1
I =  t1/m
dt
=
6m 6m (1/m)+1
+c  I =
1
6(m +1)
2x3m + 3x 2m + 6xm  m + c

x 2 . dx
Illustration 43: Evaluate I = 
(xsinx +cosx)2
x -x
(A) + tan x + c (B) - tan x + c
cosx(xsinx - cosx) cosx(xsinx + cosx)
-x x
(C) + tan x + c (D) - tan x + c
cosx(xsinx + cosx) cosx(xsinx + cosx)
x 2 . dx
Solution: (C) Let, I= 
(xsinx +cosx)2
We know,
dy  1  -{sinx + xcosx - sinx} -x cosx
 = = =
dx  xsinx + cosx  (xsinx + cosx) 2
(xsinx + cosx) 2
-x cosx 1
  2
dx  ….(i)
(xsinx + cosx) (xsinx + cosx )
-x cosx -x  -x  1 -cosx - xsinx 1
 I  . dx =  . - . .dx
 cosx  (xsinx + cosx)
2 2
(xsinx + cosx) cosx cos x xsinx + cosx
1 -x
 +  sec 2 xdx  I = + tan x + c
cosx(xsinx + cosx) cosx(xsinx + cosx)

12. REDUCTION FORMULA OF

 tan x dx ,  cot x dx ,  sec x dx ,  cosec x dx
n n n n

 =  tan x dx =  tan x tan x dx =  (sec x  1) tan

n 2 n2 2 n–2
1. n
x dx

tan n 1 x
 sec x tan + dx – n – 2 
n2
 n =
2
– n – 2 n =
n 1
n =  cot x dx =  cot .cot x dx =  (cos ec 2 x  1) cot n2 x dx
n 2 n2
2.

cot n 1 x
 cos ec x cot x dx – n – 2
2 n2
 n = n = – – n – 2
n 1

 sec x dx =  sec2 x secn2 x dx

n
3. n =

 n = tanx secn – 2x –  (tan x)(n  2) sec n–3

x. secx tanx dx.
 n = tanx secn – 2 x dx – (n – 2) (sec2 x – 1) secn – 2x dx  (n – 1) n = tanx secn – 2x + (n – 2) n – 2
tan x sec n  2 x n  2
n = + n – 2
n 1 n 1

 cos ec dx =  cos ec x
n 2
4. n = cosecn – 2 x dx

 n = – cotx cosecn – 2x +  (cot x)(n  2) (– cosec n–3

x cosec x cot x) dx

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON

 cot x cos ec x dx
n2

2
– cotx cosecn – 2x – (n – 2)

 n = – cotx cosecn – 2 x – (n – 2)  (cos ec x  1) cosec

2 n–2
x dx
 (n – 1) n = – cotx cosecn – 2 x + (n – 2) 2n – 2
cot x cos ec n 2 x n  2
n = + n – 2
n 1 n 1
Exercise 11.
x 3
1.  x4
dx Ans. ( x  3)( x  4) + n  x 3  x 4  +C

dx  x 1 2 x 
2.  [( x  1)(2  x)]3/ 2
Ans. 8    +C
x  1 
 2 x
 x 1 
1/ 7
dx
3.  [( x  2) ( x  1)6 ]1/ 7
8
Ans. 7 
 x2
 +C

dx dx
4. Deduce the reduction formula for n =  (1  x 4 ) n
and Hence evaluate 2 =  (1  x 4 ) 2
x 4n  5
Ans. n = + n–1
4(n  1)(1  x 4 ) n 1 4(n  1)
  1  1 
  x   x   2 
x 3 1 x  1 n x
2 = +  tan 1     + C
4 (1  x ) 4  2 2
4
 2  4 2 1
 x   2  

    x 
5. If m,n =  (sin x)m (cos x)n dx then prove that

(sin x) m1 (cos x) n 1 n 1

m,n = + . m,n–2
mn mn
DAILY CONCEPT EVALUATION TEST – 7
1 x2
1.  ( x  2)( x  3) dx Ans. n
x3
+C

dx 1 1 1 –1
2.  ( x  1)( x 2
 1)
Ans.
2
n |x + 1| –
4
n (x2 + 1) +
2
tan (x) + C

x x

1 1 2
3. Ans.  ln x  1  ln x3  4  tan1  
( x 1) ( x 2  4) 5 10 5 2
x3dx 3 x2  1

1
4. Ans. ln x 4  3x 2  2  ln 2
x 4  3x 2  2 4 4 x 2

dx  x 2  ( x 2  1)  2x  1
 x3  1  
1 1 1
5. =   Ans. ln x3  1  ln x 2  x  1  tan1
x3  1  3 2 3 3

dx x 2  ( x 2  1)dx
6.  x3  1 
=
x3  1

x 1 x2  1
7.  ( x 2  2) ( x 2  1)
; Ans. ln
2 x2  2
c

x
 2x  1 dx
x 1
8. Ans.  ln 2x  1  c
2 4

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
dx 3
9. equals :
x (xn 1)
3

3 xn 1 xn 3 xn 1 xn 1
(A) ln n (B) ln n (C) ln (D) 3n ln
n x 1 n x 1 n xn xn
3
x x2 6
x
10. dx equals :
3
x(1 x)
3 2/3 6 3 2/3
(A) x + 6 tan1 x + c (B) x + 6 tan1 x + c
2 2
3 2/3 3 2/3
x + tan1 x + c x + 6 tan1 x + c
1/3
(C) (D)
2 2
x3
11.  dx is equal to
x 1
x2 x2 x2 x2
(A) x+  - n |1 – x| + C (B) x+  - n |1 – x| + C
2 3 2 3
x2 x2 x2 x2
(C) x-  - n |1 + x| + C (D) x-  - n |1 + x| + C
2 3 2 3
dx
If 
2 1
12. =a n(1+ x )+ b tan x +1/5 n |x + 2| + C then
(x  2)(x  1)
2

1 2 1 2
(A) a=- ,b=- (B) a= ,b=-
10 5 10 5
1 2 1 2
(C) a=- ,b= (D) a= ,b=
10 5 10 5
ax ax
13.  a  x  a  x dx is equal to
(A)-2 a 2  x 2 +c (B) a 2  x 2 +c (C) – x 2  a 2 +c (D) None of these

n x 1  x 1 
14.  x 2  1 dx equal:
1 2 x 1 1 2 x 1 1 2 x 1 1 2 x 1
(A) n +C (B) n +c (C) n +c (D) n +c
2 x 1 4 x 1 2 x 1 4 x 1
5
x xK
15. If 7
dx aln C , the value of a and K respectively are
x x6 xK 1

(A) a = 2/5 (B) k = 2/5 (C) a = 5/2 (D) k = 5/2

16. ( cot x tan x )dx .equals :

(A) 2 .sin1(sin x – cos x) (B) 2 sin1(sin x + cos x)
(C) 2 sin1(sin x – cos x) (D) None of these
d(x 1/ x)
17. The value of the integral x 2 is :
x4 1
2
2 1
1 -1 x
(A) x +c (B) sin x +c
x
1 x 1/ x 1 x 1/ x
-1 -1
(C) tan 2 +c (D) sin 2
+c
2 2
dx
, r  N = (1 + x ) + y, then the quadratic equation having roots  and  is
–3
18. If r r 1/r
x (1 x )
2 2
(A) 6x – x – 2 = 0 (B) 6x – x + 2 = 0
2 2
(C) 6x + x – 2 = 0 (D) 6x + x + 2 = 0
SHIKHAR : Indra Complex, Vijaya Nagar, Chetakpuri, Gwalior (0751) 2446970 39
Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
19. If In = tan xdx , then I0 + I1 + 2(I2 +  + I8) + I9 + I10, is equal to
n

9 tann x 8 tann x 8 tan9 x 10 tann x

(A) (B) 1 (C) (D)
n 1 n n 1 n n 1 n 1 n 1 n 1
dx 2 x
20.  (x   ) (x   ) (x   )
Ans .
   x 
c

x tan 1 x
21. If 1 x 2
dx= 1  x 2 f(x) + A n (x + x 2  1 ) + C, then find A and C Ans. f ( x)  tan 1 x, A  1

22.  tan( x   ) tan( x   ) tan 2x dx is equal to

sec 2 x . sec( x   ) sec 2 x
(A) n +c (B) n
sec( x   ) sec( x   )sec( x   )
sec 2 x . sec( x   )
(C) n +c (D) None of these
sec( x   )
23.  sec x  1 dx is equal to
 x 2 x 1  x 2 x 1
(A)  cos  cos   +c
2 n (B) n  cos  cos   +c
 2 2 2  2 2 2
 x 2 x 1
(C) – 2 n  cos  cos   +c (D) None of these
 2 2 2

dx
24.  cos3 x sin 2 x is equal to
 1   1 
(A) 2  cos x  tan 5/ 2 x  +c (B) 2  tan x  tan 5/ 2 x  +c
 5   5 
 1 
(C) 2  tan x  tan 5/ 2 x  +C (D) None of these
 5 
1 x
25.  1 x
dx equals :

(A) x 1  x -2 1  x + cos 1  x  +c (B) x 1  x +2 1  x + cos 1  x  +c

(C) x 1  x -2 1  x - cos 1  x  +c (D) x 1  x +2 1  x - cos 1  x  +c
26.  sin x. cos x. cos 2x. cos 4x. cos 8x. cos 16 x dx equals:
sin 16 x cos 32 x cos 32 x cos 32 x
(A) +c (B) +c (C) - +c (D) - +c
1024 1024 1096 1096
1
27.  cos x  sin 6 x
6
d x equals :

(A) tan 1 (tan x + cot x) + c (B)  tan 1 (tan x + cot x) + c

(C) tan 1 (tan x  cot x) + c (D)  tan 1 (tan x  cot x) + c
  x 
28.  ln(1  sin x)  x tan  4  2  dx is equal to:
(A) x n (1 + sinx) + c (B) n (1 + sin x) + c
(C) – x n (1 + sin x) + c (D) n (1 – sin) + c
cos ec x  cot x

sec x 1
29. . dx Ans. log 2 sec   2sec 2   1
cos ec x  cot x 1  2sec x 2

SHIKHAR : Indra Complex, Vijaya Nagar, Chetakpuri, Gwalior (0751) 2446970 40

Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON

 sec θ dθ
3
30. Valuate

(A) 3/2 {sec tan + log sec  sec } + c (B) 1/2 {sec tan – log sec  sec } + c
(C) 3/2 {sec tan – log sec  sec } + c (D) 1/2 {sec tan + log sec  sec } + c
31. If In   (loge x) dx then In + nIn-1 =
n

n n n n n
(A) nx (loge x) (B) 2x (loge x) (C) x (loge x) (D) x (loge x)
dx
32. Evaluate  (x +1) 1/2
+(x +1)1/3
(A) 2t3 - 3t 2 - 6.t - 6log 1+ t +c (B) 2t3 +3t 2 + 6.t + 6log 1+ t +c
(C) 2t3 - 3t 2 + t + 6log 1+ t +c (D) 2t3 - 3t 2 + 6.t - 6log 1+ t +c
(1+ x)
33. Evaluate I=  dx
x(1+ xex )2
 1   1 
(A) log xex +log 1+ xe x +  x 
+ c (B) log xex - log 1+ xe x +  x 
+c
1+ xe  1+ xe 
 1   1 
(C) log xex - log 1+ xe x -  x 
+c (D) 2log xex - log 1+ xe x -  x 
+c
1+ xe  1+ xe 
(x 2  1)dx
34.  4 2  x 2
 1 
 ln | f(x) | C then f(x) is
(x  3x  1)tan1  
 x 
 1  1  1  1  1 
x  x  x  x  x  x   x  x 
–1 –1
(A) ln (B) tan (C) cot (D) ln  tan
        
1 x 1
35.  x2  1ln x  1 dx equals:
1 2 x 1 1 2 x 1 1 2 x 1
(A) ln  c (B) ln  c (C) ln c (D) none
2 x 1 4 x 1 2 x 1
13. OBJECTIVE LEVEL
13.1 OBJECTIVE LEVEL – 1
 1
3/2
 x 2  1
1.
 x  
 x
 
 x 2  dx
 
is equal to

5/2 5/2 1/ 2
5 1 2 1  1
(A)  x   c (B)  x   c (C) 2 x    c (D) none of these
2 x 5 x  x
1  x7
 x 1  x7 dx = a n |x| + b n |x + 1| + c, then
2
2.
 
(A) a = 1, b = 2/7 (B) a = - 1, b = 2/7 (C) a = 1, b = -2/7 (D) a = - 1, b = -2/7
log sin x 
 cos
3
3. xe dx is equal to
sin4 x cos4 x esin x
(A)  c (B)  c (C) c (D) none of these
4 4 4
1

x 4
x  4
4.
 x5
dx is equal to
5 5 5
4  1 4 4 1 4 4  1 4
(A)  1  3   c (B)  1 3   c (C)  1 3   c (D) none of these
15  x  5 x  15  x 

SHIKHAR : Indra Complex, Vijaya Nagar, Chetakpuri, Gwalior (0751) 2446970 41

Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON

e
x4
5. (x  x  2x )e dx is equal to
3 5 x2

1 x2 x 4 1 2 x4 1 x2 x 4 1 2 x2 x 4
(A) xe e  c (B) x e c (C) e e c (D) x e e c
2 2 2 2
dx
6.  is equal to
(1  x ) x  x 2
2( x  1) 2(1  x ) 2( x  1) 2(1  x )
(A) +C (B) +C (C) + C (D) +C
1 x 1 x x 1 x 1
dx
7.  is equal to
sin x  cos6 x
6

(A) n | tan x – cot x | + C (B) n | tan x + cot x | + C

1
(C) tan (-2 cot 2x) + C (D) tan1 (tan x + cot x) + C

8x  13 dx is equal to
8. 
4x  7
1 1
(A) (8x + 11) 4x  7 + C (B) (8x + 13) 4x  7 + C
6 6
1 1
(C) (8x + 9) 4x  7 + C (D) (8x + 15) 4x  7 + C
6 6
x  sin x
9.  dx is equal to
1  cos x
x x
(A) n |1 + cosx| + C (B) n |x + sinx| + C (C) x – tan + C (D) x . tan +C
2 2
10. If  x e X cos x dx = a e X (b(1 – x) sinx + cx cosx) + d then
1 1
(A) a = 1, b = 1, c = -1 (B) a= , b = -1, c = 1 (C) a = 1, b = -1, c = 1 (D) a= , b = 1, c = -1
2 2
dx
11.  is equal to
sin(x  1).cos(x  2)
sin(x  1) sin(x  1)
(A) cos1. n +C (B) sec1. n +C
sec(x  1) sec(x  1)
(C) cos 1. n |sin(x – 1). sec(x – 2)| + C (D) sec 1. n |sin(x – 1). sec(x – 2)| + C

12.  x 3 d( tan1 x) is equal to

x2 1 x2 1
(A)  2
n(1 + x ) + C (B) -  2
n(1 + x ) + C
2 2 2 2
x2 1 x2 1
(C) -  2
n(1 + x ) + C (D)  2
n(1 + x ) + C
2 2 2 2

13. (abx  bax ) dx is equal to

abx bax abx bax abx bax
(A)  +C (B)  + C (C)  + C (D) None of these
na nb b. na a. nb a b
n( nx)
14.  dx is equal to
x nx
1 1
(A) ( n( nx))2 + C (B) n( nx) + C (C) ( n( nx))2 + C (D) None of these
2 2
15.  x x n(ex)dx is equal to
(A) xx + C (B) x. nx + C (C) ( nx)x + C (D) None of these

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
13.2 OBJECTIVE LEVEL – 2
  x x 
1.  ax log x  log a log x  dx is equal to
  e 
x x x
(A) x (log x –1) + c (B) a (log x –1) + c (C) a x(log x –1) + c(D) a (x log x –1) + c


x 4 x10  1 
2.  x 20  3x10  1 
dx is equal to

(A)
 1
tan 1 x5  5  + c (B)
1
 
tan1 x5  x 5 + c (C)
1

tan1 x5  1 + c  –1
(D) tan (x + 1) + c
5

 x  5 5
x3dx
 
3/2
3.  1 x 2
 a 1 x2  b 1  x 2  C , then

1 1 1 1
(A) a= ,b=1 (B) a=- ,b=1 (C) a=- , b = - 1 (D) a= ,b=-1
3 3 3 3
e
log5 x
4. dx is equal to
xlog5 e xlog5 5e xloge 5e  1
(A) (B) (C) (D) none of these
log5 e log5 5e loge 5e  1
3e x  5e x
 4ex  5e x dx = ax + b n(4e + 5e ) + C, then
x -x
5.

1 7 1 7 1 7 1 7
(A) a = - , b = (B) a = , b = (C) a=- ,b=- (D) a= ,b=-
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
3x 4  4x 3
6.  3x 5  5x 4
dx is

5 4 1 5 4
(A) ln(3x + 5x ) + c (B) ln(3x + 5x ) + c
5
ln( x 5  x 4 ) ln( 3x 4  5x 5 )
(C) c (D) c
5 5
 2x 
7.  sin1  2 
dx is equal to
 1 x 
1 1 1 1
(A) nx tan x – n |sec( tan x)| + C (B) nx tan x + n |sec( tan x)| + C
1 1
(C) nx tan x – n |cos( tan x)| + C (D) None of these
8.  sin2x d(tanx) is equal to
(A) 2 n |cosx| + C (B) n |cosx| + C (C) 2 n |secx| + C (D) n |cosx| + C
tan1 x 1
9. e (1 + x +
2
x ). d( cot x) is equal to
1 1 1 1
tan x
(A) -e +C (B) etan x
+C (C) -x. etan x
+C (D) x. etan x
+C
10. ( nx) dx is equal to
2

2
(A) x( ( nx) - 2 nx + 2) + C (B) x( ( nx)2 - 2 nx - 2) + C
2 2
(C) x( ( nx) + 2 nx - 2) + C (D) x( ( nx) + 2 nx + 2) + C

x3 (2  x 2 )2
11.  dx is equal to
(1  x 2 )
3x 4 x 6 x 2 1 3x 4 x 6 x 2 1
(A)    2
n(1 + x ) + C (B)    2
n(1 + x ) + C
4 6 2 2 4 6 2 2
3x 4 x 6 x 2 1 3x 4 x 6 x 2 1
(C)    2
n(1 + x ) + C (D)    2
n(1 + x ) + C
4 6 2 2 4 6 2 2

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
12.  sin ( nx) dx is equal to
2

x x
(A) (5 + 2sin (2 nx) + cos (2 nx)) + C (B) (5 + 2sin (2 nx) - cos (2 nx)) + C
10 10
x x
(C) (5 - 2sin (2 nx) - cos (2 nx)) + C (D) (5 - 2sin (2 nx) + cos (2 nx)) + C
10 10
x.e x
13.  dx is equal to
1  ex
1  1  ex 1  ex  1
(A) n + (2x + 1) 1  ex + C (B) (2x + 1) 1  ex - n +C
1  ex  1 1  ex  1
1  ex  1
(C) n - (2x + 1) 1  ex + C (D) None of these
1 e  1 x

14.  1  2tan x(tan x  sec x) dx is equal to

(A) n |tanx (secx – tanx)| + C (B) n |tanx (secx + tanx)| + C
(C) n |secx (secx – tanx)| + C (D) n |secx (secx + tanx)| + C
15.  etan x (sec x + sinx) dx, is equal to
(A) etan x .cosx + C (B) e
tan x
.sinx + C (C) - e
tan x
.cosx + C (D) etan x .sec + C
13.3 OBJECTIVE LEVEL – 3
(ax 2  b)dx
1.  is
x c 2 x 2  (ax 2  b) 2
 ax 2  b / x 2 
 ax  b / x  -1  k -1  ax  b / x  -1  ax  b / x 
2 2
sin    k (B) sin   (C) cos    k (D) cos  k
-1
(A)
 c   c   c  c 
 
(1  n.x n1  x 2n )
2. The value of  e x dx is
(1  x n ) 1  x 2n
ex 1 xn e x 1  x 2n e x 1  x 2n e x 1  x 2n
(A) c (B) c (C) c (D) c
1 xn 1  x 2n 1  x 2n 1 xn
1/ 2
 cos x  cos3 x 
3.   
 1  cos3 x  dx is equal to
 
1 1 2 4
(A) sin (cos3 / 2 x )  c (B)  sin 1(cos3 / 2 x )  c (C) sin 1(cos3 / 2 x )  c (D) None
3 3 7
x cos x
4.  x sin x  cos x 2
dx is equal to

1 1 1 1
(A) + k (B) – + k (C) + k (D) +k
x sin x  cos x 2
x sin x  cos x  x sin x  cos x 3
x sin x  cos x 4
3  2cos x
5.  (2  3cos x) 2
dx is equal to

 sin x   2cos x   2cos x   2sin x 

(A)  3cos x  2   c (B)  3 sin x  2   c (C)  c (D)  c
     3cos x  2   3 sin x  2 
cos 4x  1
6.  dx is equal to
cot x  tan x
1 1 2 1 1
(A) n + |sec2x| - cos 2x + C (B) n + |sec2x| + cos2 x + C
2 4 2 4
1 1 2 1 1
(C) n + |cos2x| - cos 2x + C (D) n + |cos2x| + cos2 x + C
2 4 2 4
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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
n 1
(1  n.x x ) 2n
7.  ex dx is equal to
(1  xn ) 1  x 2n
1  xn 1  xn 1  xn 1  xn
(A) ex +C (B) ex +C (C) - e
x
+C (D) -e
x
+C
1  xn 1  xn 1  xn 1  xn
dx
8. If  sin x.cos x 3 5
=a cot x  b tan3 x + c, where ‘c’ is the constant of integration, then

2 2 2 2
(A) a = 2, b = - (B) a = 2, b = (C) a = -2, b = - (D) a = -2, b =
3 3 3 3
x 1 1
If  e .cot (e ) dx = a In(1 . e ) + be cot (e ) + cx + d, then
x 2x x x
9.
1 1
(A) a = , b = -1, c = -1 (B) a = , b = 1, c = -1
2 2
1 1
(C) a = , b = -1, c = 1 (D) a = , b = 1, c = 1
2 2

 5 
x
55 x
10.  55  5x dx
5x
1 55
log5 e  log5 e   loge 5 
2 2 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 loge 5 
 2x  2 
 sin
1
11. Evaluate   dx
 4x 2
 8x  13 
2 2 3 3
(A) tan1 (x  1) (B) sin1 (x  1) (C) tan1 (x  1) (D) sin1 (x  1)
3 3 2 2
1
12. I=  dx is equal to
1  cos4 x
1
(A) 2 2(cot x  2 tan1 2 cot x) (B)  [ 2 cot x  tan1( 2 cot x)]  c
2 2
(C) 2 2{cot x  tan1(cot x)} (D) none of these
dx
13.  cos6 x  sin6 x is equal to
(A) loge(tanx – cotx) + c (B) loge(cotx – tanx) + c
–1 –1
(C) tan (tanx – cotx) + c (D) tan (–2 cot2x) + c
dx
14. If x 22
(x7  6)
 A{ln(p)6  9p2  2p3  18p}  c , then

1  x7  6  1  x7  6 
(A) A , p 7  (B) A , p 7 
9072  x  54432  x 
1
1  x7  1  x7  6 
(C) A , p 7  (D) A , p 
x 6
7
54432 9072  x 
(x  x 2 / 3  x1/ 6 )
15. I=  x(1 x1/ 3 ) dx is equal to
3 2/3 3 2/3
(A) x  6 tan1(x1/ 6 )  c (B) x  6 tan1(x1/ 6 )  c
2 2
3
(C)  x 2 / 3  tan1(x1/ 6 )  c (D) none of these
2

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
14. MATCH THE COLUMN
1. Match the following
Column I Column II
e x
 3e  x (A) 1/2
(i)  16  9  e dx  A tan1 
2x
 4 
c

1  e  2 
ex x (B) 10
(ii)  5  4ex  e2x dx  sin 
 A 
c

2x  1  sin2x 
(C) 1/2
 e  1 cos2x  dx  Ae tan x  c
2x
(iii)

1 x ex (D) 3
 e cos xdx  e  (cos2x  2sin2x)  c
x 2
(iv)
2 A
2. Match the following
Column – I Column – II
e 12x
 xe  x
1
(i)  dx (A) ln  x 
 c
ex  1  xe  1  xe
x

x –x
x 1 (B) e +e +c
(ii)  x(1  xex )2 dx
ex (2  x 2 ) (C) c– ecos x (x  cosecx)
(iii)  (1  x) 1  x2
dx

ecos x (x sin3 x  cos x) 1 x

(iv)  sin2 x
dx (D) ex
1 x

3. Match the following

Column –I Column – II
 x 
2
x sin x  cos x
(i)   x cos x  sin x  dx (A) c
x cos x  sin x
x 4 dx x3
(ii)  1 x2 (B)
3
 x  tan1 x  c

cos x  cos2x (C) x + 2 sinx + c

(iii)  1 cos x dx
2x  1 (D) 2x + 3 ln(x – 2) + c
(iv)  x  2 dx
4. Match the following
Column – I Column – II
sin x  cos x x
(i)  1  sin2x
dx(cos x  sin x  0) (A)  2 cos  c
2
sin6 x  cos6 x cos 4x
(ii)  sin2 x  cos2 x dx (B) –
8
c

 2  9 x  2  7 x  (C) x+c
(iii)  sin  8  4   sin  8  4  dx
cos 4x  1 (D) tanx – cotx – 3x + c
(iv)  cot x  tan x dx

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Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
5. Match the following
Column – I Column – II
x dx 2 2
(i) x 2
 2x  1
(A)
3
(x  1)3 / 2  x3 / 2  c
3
dx 1 2x
(ii)  9  16x 2
(B)
10
tan1
5
c

dx 1 1 4
(iii)  25  4x2 (C)
4
sin
3
xc

dx 1
(iv) 
x 1 x
(D) ln (x + 1) +
x 1
+c

JEE CORNER
JEE Main
sin x
1. If  sin( x   ) dx  Ax  B log sin( x   )  c, then the value of ( A, B) is [AIEEE 2004]

(a) (sin, cos ) (b) (cos, sin ) (c) ( sin, cos ) (d) ( cos, sin )
dx
2.  cos x  sin x is equal to [AIEEE 2004]

1 x   1 x
(a) log tan     c (b) log cot    c
2 2 8 2 2
1  x 3  1  x 3 
(c) log tan    c (d) log tan    c
2 2 8  2 2 8 
2

 log x  1  
3.  2
dx is equal to [AIEEE 2005]

 1  (log x ) 

log x x xe x x
(a)  c (b) c (c) c (d) c
(log x )  1
2
x 1
2
1 x 2
(log x )2  1
dx
4.  is equal to [AIEEE 2007]
cos x  3 sin x
1 x   1 x  
(a) log tan   c (b) log tan   c
2  2 12  2  2 12 
x   x  
(c) log tan   c (d) log tan   c
 2 12   2 12 
sin x dx
5. The value of 2  is [AIEEE 2008]
 
sin  x  
 4
   
(a) x  log cos  x    c (b) x  log sin  x    c
 4  4
   
(c) x  log sin  x    c (d) x  log cos  x    c
 4  4
5 tan x
6. If  tan x  2 dx  x  a In (sin x  2cos x )  k then a  [AIEEE 2012]

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 2

7. If  f ( x )dx   ( x ), the  x f ( x ) dx is equal to

5 3
[JEE Main 2013]
1 3 1 3
(a) [ x  ( x 3 )   x 2 ( x 3 ) dx ]  c (b) x  ( x 3 )  3  x 3 ( x 3 ) dx  c
3 3
1 3 1 3
(c) x  ( x 3 )   x 2 ( x 3 ) dx  c (d) [ x  ( x 3 )   x 3 ( x 3 ) dx ]  c
3 3

SHIKHAR : Indra Complex, Vijaya Nagar, Chetakpuri, Gwalior (0751) 2446970 47

Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
1
 1 x
8. The integral   1  x   e x dx is equal to [JEE Main 2014]
 x
1 1 1 1
x x x x
(a) ( x  1) e x  c (b) xe x c (c) ( x  1) e x c (d)  xe x c
dx
9. The integral  equals [JEE Main 2015]
x 2 ( x 4  1)3 / 4
1/ 4 1/ 4
 x 4  1  x4  1
(a)  4   c (b) ( x  1)
4 1/ 4
c (c)  ( x  1)
4 1/ 4
c (d)  4  c
 x 
 x   
Single Correct Answer Type
cos3 x  cos5 x
10. The value of the integral  dx is [IIT-JEE 1995]
sin2  sin4 x
(a) sin x  6 tan1 (sin x )  C (b) sin x  2(sin x )1  C
(c) sin x  2(sin x )1  6 tan1 (sin x )  C (d) sin x  2(sin x )1  5 tan1 (sin x )  C
x2  1
11.  dx is equal to [IIT-JEE 2006]
x 3 2x 4  2x 2  1
2x 4  2x 2  1 2x 4  2x 2  1
(a) C (b) C
x3 x
2x 4  2x 2  1 2x 4  2x 2  1
(c) C (d) C
x2 2x 2
x
12. Let f ( x )  for n  2 and g ( x )  (fofo...of ) ( x ) .Then  x n 2g ( x ) dx equals [IIT-JEE 2007]
(1  x n )1/ n f occurs n times
1 1
1 1 1 1
(a) (1  nx n ) n  K (b) (1  nx n ) n  K
n(n  1) n 1
1 1
1 1 1 1
(c) (1  nx n ) n  K (d) (1  nx n ) n  K
n(n  1) n 1
ex e x
13. Let I   dx, J   dx . Then for an arbitrary C, the value of J  I equals
e 4 x  e2 x  1 e 4 x  e 2 x  1
1  e 4 x  e2 x  1  1  e2 x  e x  1 
log  4 x C C
 e  e2 x  1 
log  2 x
 e  e x  1 
(a) (b) [IIT-JEE 2008]
2   2  
1  e2 x  e x  1  1  e 4 x  e2 x  1 
log  2 x C C
 e  e x  1 
log  4 x
 e  e2 x  1 
(c) (d)
2   2  
sec 2 x
14. The integral  dx equals (for some arbitrary constant K) [IIT-JEE 2012]
(sec x  tan x )9 / 2
1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
(a)    (sec x  tan x )   K (b)   (sec x  tan x )   K
(sec x  tan)11/ 2 11 7  (sec x  tan x )1/ 11 11 7 
1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
(c)    (sec x  tan x )   K (d)   (sec x  tan x )   K
(sec x  tan) 11/ 2
11 7  (sec x  tan x ) 11/ 2
11 7 
Assertion-Reasoning Type
15. Let F ( x ) be an indefinite integral of sin2 x . [IIT-JEE 2007]
Statement 1 : The function F ( x ) satisfies F ( x   )  F ( x ) for all real x.
Statement 2 : sin2 ( x   )  sin2 x for all real x.
(a) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1.
(b) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(c) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 false.
(d) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

SHIKHAR : Indra Complex, Vijaya Nagar, Chetakpuri, Gwalior (0751) 2446970 48

Maths : Indefinite Integration NEON
Fill in the Banks Type
4e x  6e  x
16.  x
dx  Ax  B log (9e2 x  4)  C , then A  ____, B  _____, C  _____. [IIT-JEE 1990]
9e  4e
x

35
Ans. A  3 / 2, B  ; C can have any real value.
36

Subjective Type
sin x 1 x
82. Evaluate  sin x  cos x dx . [IIT-JEE 1978] Ans. log | sin x  cos x |   C
2 2
x2 1  a2 
83. Evaluate  dx . [IIT-JEE 1979] Ans.  a  bx  2a log | a  bx |   C
(a  bx )2 b3  a  bx 

x x2
84. Evaluate the following integrals : [IIT-JEE 1980] (a)  1  sin  2  dx (b)  dx
  1 x
 x x  (1  x )5 / 2 2(1  x )3 / 2 
Ans. (a)  4 sin  cos   C (b) 2    1 x   C
 4 4   5 3 
1
85. Evaluate  (elog x  sin x ) cos x dx . [IIT-JEE 1981] Ans. x sin x  cos x  cos2x  C
4
( x  1)e x ex
86.  dx [IIT-JEE 1983] Ans. C
( x  1)3 ( x  1)2
1/ 4
dx  1 
87. Evaluate  . [IIT-JEE 1984] Ans.  1  4  C
x 2 ( x 4  1)3 / 4  x 
1 x
88. Evaluate  dx . [IIT-JEE 1985] Ans. 2 1  x  cos1 x  x 1 x  C
1 x
sin1 x  cos1 x 2
89. Evaluate  dx . [IIT-JEE 1986] Ans. [ x  x 2  (1  2x )sin1 x ]  x  C
sin 1
x  cos 1
x 

cos2x 1 2y 2  2  y
90. Evaluate  dx . [IIT-JEE 1987] Ans.  log | y  y 2  1 |  log  C where cot 2 x  1  y 2
sin x 2 2y  2  y
2

91. Evaluate  ( tan x  cot x ) dx [IIT-JEE 1989] Ans. 2 sin1(sin x  cos x )  C

92.

Evaluate   3
1

In 1  6 x    dx . [IIT-JEE 1992]
 x  4 x 3
x x 
 
 cos   sin  sin  cos 1
93. Evaluate  cos2 In   d . [IIT-JEE 1994] Ans. sin2  In | sec 2 |  C
 cos  sin  cos  sin 2
x 1  1  xe x  1
94. Evaluate  dx . [IIT-JEE 1996] Ans.  log    C
x(1  xe )  xe x
 1  xe
x 2 x

1 1 x  1 1 x 
95. Evaluate x dx [IIT-JEE 1997] Ans. 4 log  cos1 x   C
1 x  x 
x3  3x  2 1 x2  1 3 x
96. Evaluate  dx . [IIT-JEE 1999] Ans. log  tan1 x  C
( x  1) ( x  1)
2 2 4 ( x  1)2 2 1 x2
 2x  2  3 2 1  2  
97. Evaluate  sin1   dx . Ans.  ( x  1)tan  ( x  1)   log 4 x  8 x  13   C
2
 4 x 2  8 x  13  2 3  3  
 
98. Evaluate for, m  N ,  ( x 3m  x 2m  x m ) (2x 2m  3x m  6)1/ m d x, x  0 . [IIT-JEE 2002]

 
1 ( m 1) / m
Ans. 2 x 3 m  3 x 2m  6 x m C
6(m  1)

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