CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Studies

According to Reynolds (n.d), “there are times that the students choose their course/track based

on their personal interest. The students based their choosing a course according to their interest.

It is good to know if the student chooses their course according to what they really want. And not

the decision of others. Because if they follow what other people say to them, there will be a

situation that they cannot handle their goals properly”. [CITATION Rey \y \l 1033 ]

The students based their choosing a course according to their interest. It is good to know if the

student chooses their course according to what they really want. And not the decision of others.

Because if they follow what other people say to them, there will be a situation that they cannot

handle their goals properly.

Jackson, G. (2012) The parents is the second one why their child chooses their child's

course/track. The parents influence their child because they think about their financial situation if

they can afford what their child's course/track. Sometimes, if the students follow the course/track

that they want to choose, but their parents cannot allow them financially, they can't choose a

course that they want to.[ CITATION GJa12 \l 1033 ]

cannot allow them financially, they can't choose a course that they want to.

According to Dr. Casey & Laitsh (2006), the most influence in making a decision in every

student is their friends. Their friends affect the attitude of a student in a negative or positive way.

Friends also is the one who always there to a student. Because every time they go to school, they

are always with their friends. They can also give each other an opinion if what course/track is

right for them. [ CITATION Cas06 \l 1033 ]

Friends also is the one who always there to a student. Because every time they go to school, they

are always with their friends. They can also give each other an opinion if what course/track is

right for them.

"During your business degree, you'll develop a broad knowledge of business operations as well

as gaining targeted skills in your specific field, such as customer markets, finances operations,

strategy, business policy, communications and IT. You'll typically also be challenged to explore

these fields within an international context, though in some cases it will be advantageous to

specialize in their application within a particular country or world region".

Laura Tucker (2014) Why Study Business?[ CITATION Lau14 \l 1033 ]

operations as well as gaining the expected skills that is needed in a specific field such as

customers, markets, finance, operations, strategy, business policy, communications and IT. A

student will typically also be challenged in these fields within a particular place.

"Recent studies show that 70 of secondary students want to start their own businesses; yet, about

15% feel that they have the skills and knowledge to do so. Also, it is a well-publicized fact that

today's graduate will changed CAREERS (not job, in the sense of moving to a higher-level

position or moving across town to do the same job) at least 7 times in their professional job

years. This means students need to have the knowledge and skills it takes to become a lifelong

learner and to harness the momentum of the business world to their advantage". (1995, Why

Should You Take Business Education Classes?)

In the recent studies, it shows that 70% of the secondary students wanted to start their own

businesses but only 15% of them think that they have the skills and knowledge to take up

business-related courses. Also, it is obvious that the graduates will change their careers in a sense

that they will have a lot of experiences in 7 years of working. This means students’ needs to have

skills and knowledge to become successful. More importantly to enhance their skills and to have

knowledge in business world.

Foreign Literature
“A satisfying lifestyle depends greatly om a satisfying career. For that reason, you've probably

decided not to be among the 50% who "fall" into a career decision-making process to choose a

career that's right for you. In doing this, you'll take a big step toward controlling your own

lifestyle”. Kimbrell, G. & Vineyard B. S. (n.d.) Bennet and McKnight Division [ CITATION

Kimnd \l 1033 ]

Get to know yourself a little better before you start choosing or exploring our careers. You

should have a good understanding of your own values, personality and abilities. Then you can

find what career you want.

Shinn, G. (1981) Better Yourself Books What you want the most in life? You would almost

certainly say that you want to be successful. How do you attain success? First, you need the

wisdom to know what to do, the knowledge of how to do it, and the self-motivation to do it.

[ CITATION Shi81 \l 1033 ]

Choosing a course/track will somehow can say what your future will be. If you want to be

successful, choose the right way to do the things that you want to.

Capital isn't so important in business. Experience isn't so important. You can get both these

things. What is important is ideas. If you have ideas, you have the main asset, you need, and

there isn't any limit to what you can do with your business and your life. They are any man's

greatest asset—ideas. Firestone, H., (n.d.) [ CITATION Firnd \l 1033 ]

know that if they choose this kind of course/track, they can immediately have a job.

The longer your life, the greater the influence of the choices you make today—choices that your

body, mind, and spirit. The daily choices that have the power, to affect your future career are

called lifestyle choices. Sizer, F. S., Whitney, E. N., DeBruyne, L. K., (n.d.) National Textbook

Company. [ CITATION Siznd \l 1033 ]

By choosing a career that you want to achieve in your future life, you have to look at your

physically situation. Because there are times that your body cannot handle what you're doing.

According to the “The Good Universities Guide” (2017) there are 5 factors that affects the

decision of the students. At first, the students are expecting for high grades in a subject they are

going to take. Secondly, talking to professionals talking about the industry. Thirdly, being

pressured by the parents. Choosing a course, you do not want and not interested. And lastly,

thinking about the future after graduating. Choosing the right pathway for the future. Look for a

job that is connected to your degree. [ CITATION The17 \l 1033 ]

"Every day, people are inundated with decisions, big and small. Understanding how people

arrive at their choices is an area of cognitive psychology that has received attention. Theories

have been generated to explain how people make decisions, and what types of factors influence

decision making in the present and future. In addition, heuristics have been researched to

understand the decision-making process." Cindy Dietrich, (2010) Decision Making: Factors that

Influence Decision Making, Heuristics Used, and Decision Outcomes[ CITATION Cin10 \l 1033 ]
Making decisions is something we do every day, so I wanted to find out more about how this

process works and what affects the choices we make. It turns out, there are some really

interesting ways our decisions are affected that I never would have guessed. Luckily, we can take

action to improve most of these. Obviously, lots of things take place inside your brain as you

make a decision. What I found really interesting were the various things that affect our brain’s

decision-making process without us ever realizing.

Over and above past experiences, cognitive biases, and individual differences; another influence

on decision making is the belief in personal relevance. It can reflect the attitude of one

individuals, concluded that people will vote more readily when they believe their opinion is

indicative of the attitudes of the general population, as well as when they have a regard for their

own importance in the outcomes. The age is one individual difference that influences toward in

the decision making. As part of their age the thinking is affected of generalized ideas of them in

making decisions if its relevant or not. It’s up to them which they want to have for it happens

effectively for them to have the importance outcomes of the decisions they are in.

Local Studies

“Young people’s dreams and ambitions may take many forms and go through many phases and

changes. Some are practical and realistic; some can never go beyond wishful thinking. But

among the main factors that help determine the life they will eventually have are the kind of

schooling they get and the type of work they do.” [ CITATION AlK10 \l 1033 ]
Young person’s goals and aspirations may have many types and go through many steps and

adjustments; some are factual and realistic; some can go far from their desirous thinking. In

choosing their course, sometimes they want that specific course they are taking up but as time

goes by the student. It is because of the wand. New experiences or things had encountered.

According to Rivera, R.[ CITATION Riv12 \l 1033 ] Ano ang matibay na basehan sa pagpili ng

kurso? "Having an opportunity to study and choose a right course is not like choosing a dress

that you want to wear for a special occasion and if you don't like the dress that you buy, you will

take it off and bring it back to the store where you bought it and you get the money. It’s not a

good idea. Because you cannot turn back the time you waste if you cannot handle or finish the

course that you choose.

Choosing a right course for a student, its more applicable if they think deeper or wise before they

decide. Because if their decision is not right, there will be a time that they will change their mind

and change again their decision. But it’s hard if they change the first course that they choose.

They just waste their time.

"The material things in our lives are temporary unlike the spiritual things. The spiritual things

should be our priority in any decisions we make because those spiritual things are everlasting.

Because choosing a right course is one of the most important decision that the students have to
think deeper." Tess, M., (15th of February 2013) Batayan sa Pagpili ng Kurso sa Kolehiyo

[ CITATION MTe13 \l 1033 ]

Choosing a course, it is like a material or temporary things. The spiritual things are eternal. But

the material things are temporary. If we live spiritually, the course that is right for us will last

longer and we can finish it until the end. But if we put our mind materially, the course that we

have chosen will end up like a bubble.

"Choosing a course is a big decision that we need to think wisely and deeply because it affects

the future of many students. The two important parts of decision-making about choosing a right

course and profession of a students is his/her personal interest and strength. Parents has the big

role for their child to decide what course will be right for them. Friends sometimes are always

with them so that their decision that they have to do is influenced them. Also, they think their

financial situation." Perez, J., (11th of March 2015) Mga salik sa pagpili ng kurso ng mga

magsisipagtapos.[ CITATION JPe15 \l 1033 ]

The future of a students are affects in choosing their course that needs to think better before they

decide. Personal interest at strengths are the two-important part of their decision according to

their course and profession. In their decision, their parents have the important role for their

children's sake. It is also influenced their friends in their decision because friends are sometimes

with them.
"What are the basis of choosing a course in college? First, you must know the things where you

are good, you know where your interest will make you better. Where you can find yourself with

determination. If you're going to choose a course, make it sure if it is what you want. That you

can handle it within four or more years. You will see your future if it can be successful or not.

You're able to to look what job will be in your future. Therefore, choose a course that you can

finish according to your goals. Choose your course wholeheartedly." [ CITATION Joj15 \l 1033 ]

You can base it from the thing that you want to do, want job in the future, and you want in life.

Through this you will never be regret the course that you have chosen because you really want

this work. This will be the reason of a successful person.

Local Literature

In choosing a strand in Senior High School is not easy, but sometimes it is easy to choose if you

already know what is your goal in life and what are your plans in the future. Below are some

factors in choosing ABM as your strand:

• You are willing to have a business someday. It is because in this strand, you will learn how to

start a business, what characteristics does a business man/woman needed? And lastly, how to

manage a firm, entrepreneurship, and anything in the business world.

• You must be inclined with the subject Mathematics, but not all students are good in this subject

but the students have their saying which is “If this is your weakness, you should give some extra
effort and more focus". Most of the students choose this strand because they are good in Math

which makes it is easier for them.

• You are 101% sure that you really love being an ABM student. You cannot achieve your goal if

you don't love your course. If you love everything about ABM, you can give your full effort and

attention just to achieve your dreams.

[ CITATION Fac \l 1033 ]

"In the light of this unusual interest in education, one may ask: why does the Filipino give so

much value to education that he dares all odds and works hard to the bones if only to earn a

degree for himself? It is enlightening to know what the people have to say about it" Timbreza, F.

T., (n.d.) "Filipino Values Today" National Bookstore

Some people can sacrifice themselves just to earn a degree. But, if they didn't value their

personality, the education they have are nothing. Don't study just to have your own personal

intention to yourselves. Learn how to value yourselves. Because our lives are not our own lives.

The subjects that we studied is all about the religion and some of the subjects are all

about knowledge, like Mathematics, rhetoric, poem, and the language of Greek and Latin, is

teach in the way of "sampay-bakod". The important is the study of religion because a good man

with a spiritual attitude and not a worldly attitude has a purpose of an educated man. Therefore,

students that will graduate in college is purely domestic sheep.

personality you have. If you're educated, but you don't even respect some people around you,

you're nothing. Therefore, if you will choose a course you wanted to be, show an attitude that

people will respect you as you respect them.

Students who elect to study may do so for a variety of reasons. They may be interested in

business education because they want to learn about investments, develop computer skills, or

understand how economic principles apply to life. They may study business because they intend

to go to work immediately after graduation from high school or a community college. Some

study business to learn the basics of entrepreneurship so they can start their own business. Some

others may have decided that pursuing a college degree in business is their goal so they study

business education to prepare for higher education. (What all students should know about

business) (n.d)

Students who choose business-related courses for a variety of reasons. These students

may be interested in learning the basics of entrepreneurship so they can start their own business

in the future.

"In our generation, many Filipinos are cannot choose correctly what course they want to choose

as a student. There are students that their decision of choosing a course is based on what their
parent's decision. There are students that their decision was made by their friends. But there are

students choose their course according to their interest only”. Olarte, P., (26th of November

2008) "Basehan ng kurso" Adarna House-Add: Sct. Torillo St, Diliman, Quezon City, Metro

Manila.

In some cases, there are many reasons why some students choose their course. But we assure that

they choose it wisely. They choose it not just because they want to study for nothing. But, they

choose it because they want it and they want to be a successful in the future.