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Dns Server: Phd. Alcides Montoya Canola, Est. Carlos Andres Ballesteros Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellin

The document provides instructions for setting up a DNS server to manage domain name to IP address mappings. It describes DNS terminology like zones, master/slave servers, and records. It then outlines the steps to install and configure BIND as the DNS server software on OpenSUSE Leap 15. This includes editing configuration files like named.conf and creating zone files. It also describes verifying the DNS server setup and testing lookups from a client configured to use the DNS server.

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60 views4 pages

Dns Server: Phd. Alcides Montoya Canola, Est. Carlos Andres Ballesteros Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellin

The document provides instructions for setting up a DNS server to manage domain name to IP address mappings. It describes DNS terminology like zones, master/slave servers, and records. It then outlines the steps to install and configure BIND as the DNS server software on OpenSUSE Leap 15. This includes editing configuration files like named.conf and creating zone files. It also describes verifying the DNS server setup and testing lookups from a client configured to use the DNS server.

Uploaded by

DanielColoradoGaviria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DNS SERVER

PhD. Alcides Montoya Canola, Est. Carlos Andres Ballesteros


Universidad Nacional de Colombia - sede Medellin

Abstract
This guide will develop the procedure that will allow you to practice
the knowledge acquired in the theoretical class of server management.
The topic to be developed is DNS.

1 Introduction
All computers with Internet, from your smartphone or laptop to servers with
content from massive retail websites, search and communicate with each other
through the use of numbers. These numbers are known as IP addresses. When
you open a web browser and visit a site, you do not need to remember and enter
a long number. Instead, you can enter a domain name as example.com and still
end up in the right place.
A DNS service is a globally distributed service that converts human-readable
names, such as www.example.com, into numeric IP addresses, such as 192.0.2.1,
that computers use to connect to each other. The Internet DNS system works
like a phone book where the mapping between names and numbers is managed.
DNS servers convert name requests to IP addresses and control which server an
end user will go to when entering a domain name in their web browser. These
requests are called consultations.

Figure 1: DNS service

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1.1 DNS Terminology
• Zone: The domain name space is divided into regions called zones. For
example, if you have example.com, you have the example section (or zone)
of the com domain.
• DNS server: The DNS server is a server that maintains the name and IP
information for a domain. You can have a primary DNS server for master
zone, a secondary server for slave zone, or a slave server without any zones
for caching.
Master zone DNS server:The master zone includes all hosts from your
network and a DNS server master zone stores up-to-date records for all
the hosts in your domain.
Slave zone DNS server: A slave zone is a copy of the master zone. The
slave zone DNS server obtains its zone data with zone transfer operations
from its master server. The slave zone DNS server responds authoritatively
for the zone as long as it has valid (not expired) zone data. If the slave
cannot obtain a new copy of the zone data, it stops responding for the
zone.
• Forwarder:Forwarders are DNS servers to which your DNS server should
send queries it cannot answer. To enable different configuration sources
in one configuration, netconfig is used (see also man 8 netconfig).
• Record:The record is information about name and IP address. Supported
records and their syntax are described in BIND documentation. Some
special records are:
-NS record: An NS record tells name servers which machines are in
charge of a given domain zone.
-MX record: The MX (mail exchange) records describe the machines to
contact for directing mail across the Internet.
-SOA record: SOA (Start of Authority) record is the first record in a
zone file. The SOA record is used when using DNS to synchronize data
between multiple computers.[1]

2 Development of Practice
The development of the practice will take place in the distribution of Open Suse
Leap 15, it is clear that this practice can be extended to other distributions
taking into account their respective changes.

2.1 The server side


2.1.1 Necessary logical equipment.
We must install the DNS server, if you are going to configure it through YASt
install the service by console using the following command and follow the guide
written in doc.opensuse.org/documentation/dns, another way of doing it
is manually, for that we need to install the DNS service in this case BIND, we
execute the script that appears to continuation, with this script we configure

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the firewall and start the service

2.1.2 Some files and configuration directories.


• /etc/named.conf: This file configures the DNS server.
• /var/lib/named: In this directory, the files that the DNS server will
search are loaded in order to respond to the requests of the clients.
Modify the configuration document (/etc/named.conf) as shown below, also
create a file in the /var/lib/named directory with the name of your domain
followed by a semicolon (example.com.zone) and write the following:

/etc/named.conf

/var/lib/named/example.com.zone

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Once the server is configured, we can check that it is correctly configured using
the following command:

The result to the previous command must be an OK


For more information visit web.mit.edu

2.2 The client side


The client must only establish his domain server by configuring the /etc/resolv.conf
file by adding the following line of code to the end of the file

For check our connection to the server and verify that everything is working
we can ping as follows:

For access the http server using the domain that our server grants us, we write
the domain in the browser as shown below

3 Exercise
Configure the DNS server as shown in the development of the practice, create
a local network and test it using an http server

References
[1] DNS-server doc.opensuse.org 2019
[2] dns.bind web.mit.edu 2019

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