Ver Lo Que Veo by Roberto Burgos Cantor (Review)
Ver Lo Que Veo by Roberto Burgos Cantor (Review)
Carlos G. Torres-Rodríguez
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romantic relationship with a permanent partner. In particular, their views on sex and marriage
evidence the anxieties and fears they face in order to live in the present. In addition to p
ortraying
their existential crises, the novel traces their lives until their paths cross each other as if by
fate. In spite of their different mindsets, Elida and Andrés fall in love with each other and get
to experience, in varying degrees, epiphanies that would change the course of their lives. The
Dossier is a psychological novel that delves into traumas, fears, madness and quests for love.
Before her encounter with Andrés, Elida was trapped in the past and overwhelmed by a
repressive reality. She struggled to fantasize, overcome solitude, and give a clear direction to her
life. In particular, she is presented as a woman with a traumatized view of sex. For her, sex was
synonymous with “being the object of mockery, shame, and ridicule.” Elida even considered
that men’s desire ended up subjecting women’s bodies, devastating them, and that the meaning
of life was to be found not in her will but in “men’s lust” (50–51). In this light, her ideal man was
one who could take the reins of her life and be as asexual as possible. When it came to love, she
opined that women were more capable of loving than men. Elida goes through a life-changing
experience when she meets Andrés. In many respects, Andrés represents the negative view of men
that Elida has. Portrayed as a Latin American Don Juan, a hunter and a “possessor” of women, a
disturbed collector of reports about his sexual encounters, Andrés seduces Elida and unwillingly
ends up falling in love with her. Captivated by his calculated charms, Elida submits to him. It
is during her relationship with Andrés when Elida is able to once and for all re-start her life by
focusing on the present, embracing her sexuality, and facing her insecurities. Evaluating Andrés’s
promiscuity and disloyalty, she reflects upon his and her own weaknesses and undermines her
idealized notions of love and men. She changes the “color of her lenses” by accepting reality as
it is, and re-locating the foundation of her happiness. Freed from her past and the necessity to
base her happiness on men, she is able to experience “the unequaled pleasure of feeling like a
woman, having within her power the key to understanding men and accepting them the way
they are, without idealizing dreams” (140).
The Dossier criticizes donjuanismo, machismo and the male gaze. It endorses women’s
agency in securing their happiness on their own terms. In spite of the clear message it conveys,
the novel has some flaws related primarily to its character development. In spite of his disturbed
mental health, Andrés is essentially a stereotype linked to Don Juan. Elida, in contrast, undergoes
radical changes and her personality evidences ambiguities, complex feelings, and personalized
memories. However, her epiphany depicted in chapter 24, the last chapter, needs a great deal of
work. For instance, her dialogue with Andrés is not credible and seems more like a treatise on
feminism. The novel has an abrupt ending as there are some subplots left unresolved. Regard-
ing the translation, Mayela Vallejos Ramírez and Edward Waters Hood have done a great job
rendering Berrón’s fast-paced psychological novel into English.
Alexander Cárdenas
University of Colorado Boulder
Burgos Cantor, Roberto. Ver lo que veo. Seix Barral Biblioteca Breve, 2017. Pp. 541. ISBN
978-9-58425-707-9.
En Ver lo que veo el autor logra imbricar voces varias que narran no solo la inmovilidad de
los personajes en una ciudad colonial sino su presente espiritual donde lo único que esperan es
sobrevivir. Es así cómo los límites absurdos entre la riqueza y la pobreza, los barrios que carecen
de agua potable, el abandono estatal y la corrupción contrastan con la presencia augusta de las
murallas y el mar. Un mundo satírico acentuado por las María Mulatas, ave típica del Caribe
Colombiano, el boxeo, el béisbol, la historia oficial de la ciudad y la intertextualidad con poetas y
escritores de su tierra. Burgos Cantor logra una precisa alternancia de narradores que se turnan
en cada una de las 23 secciones que comprende esta novela para desvelar la cotidianidad de lo
marginal y la desesperanza de los excluidos.
En la primera sección (9–49) aparecen todas las claves para entender la trama de la novela.
Una mujer vieja, que se puede decir que es el personaje principal, describe lo que pasa en un
barrio de invasión desde la mañana, el atardecer y la noche. Cada parte del día da pie para hablar
de ella misma, de otros personajes y de otras épocas. De tal manera que los plomeros, albañiles,
ladrones, jugadores de dominó, borrachos, muchachas de servicio, prostitutas y músicos son
observados cuidadosamente por la mujer que sostiene el hilo narrativo de la novela. Lo que resulta
llamativo es que algunos párrafos de esta primera sección continúan extensamente en otras pero
con rupturas de lenguaje y cambios de narrador. Sin embargo, algunas frases y eventos son muy
repetitivos y los saltos en el tiempo son frecuentes. Este intento para plasmar toda la historia de
estos personajes marginales cae, por momentos, en la reincidencia de los mismos acontecimientos
y en el exceso de detalles que agregan poco a la narración. Creo que se hubiera podido contar lo
mismo con menos páginas y dejando a un lado los excesos en la experimentación.
Burgos Cantor intercambia hábilmente la primera y la tercera persona de los narradores,
ya sean masculinos o femeninos, para partir de una imagen que hilvana y desenvuelve historias
dentro de una atmósfera carnavalesca marcada por el deseo de recrear su diario acontecer.
“Siempre veo lo mismo: abro la puerta y salgo, al amanecer, con la humedad de la noche en los
brazos y los ojos pegajosos por las lagañas” (9). Esta primera frase con la que se abre la novela
marca el tono inquietante entre intimista y lírico, entre lo procaz y lo sutil, entre lo visual y lo
textual, que se mantiene con gran equilibrio a lo largo de todo el relato. No importa si el narrador
es un boxeador, un cantante, un ladrón o una anciana recostada en su taburete mirando lo que ve.
Burgos Cantor logra combinar con acierto las variaciones de su melodía para contar lo que pasa
en las aristas de su ciudad, ya sea en tiempos pasados o en presente, en los rincones alejados de
la historia de postal donde la brisa fresca del mar y la isla de Manga recuerdan con precisión
mordaz lo que se esconde en esos rostros anónimos que conforman su tapiz. “Cuando la vida,
esa humilde migaja con la que nos conformamos, se hizo imposible, mihija, pensé en los gitanos”
(39). Quedan, pues, frases prosaicas que construyen conmovedoras imágenes que avasallan
empecinadamente al lector durante las más de quinientas páginas y que logran transmitir la
atmósfera diaria de una ciudad del caribe colombiano.
Ver lo que veo no está ausente de humor y desparpajo. Así como el ladrón de una joyería
con el botín dentro de sus calzoncillos es capaz de saludar con respetuoso silencio a una anciana
“que siempre ve lo mismo . . .” (159) y los largos monólogos de la mujer recordando cómo se fue
construyendo su barrio, su lucha para que no lo llamaran invasión y la incertidumbre constante
del desalojo y de la expulsión (195) dejan insinuado un cuidadoso entramado donde la historia
de Colombia está sugerida con cuidadosa precisión: “No entiendo por qué si hay tanto espacio
en el mundo, de sobra, para qué quitarnos el rincón pequeño, la angosta esquina de la puta tierra
donde vinimos a anidar. . . . Dentro de poco venderán también el aire y nadie sabrá qué nos
pertenece, quiénes somos” (196). El presente, parece definirlo Burgos Cantor, sigue repitiendo el
pasado colonial que quedó sellado en los gabinetes gubernamentales y que unos pocos quieren
preservar mientras otros muchos aún sufren sus nefastas consecuencias.
Ver lo que veo es una novela circular que empieza con la afirmación “Siempre veo lo mismo”
(9) y termina con la aseveración “¿Veo lo mismo?. . . . Lo veo y lo veo” (541). Burgos Cantor
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parece sugerir con esta estructura narrativa que lo que sucedió en esta ciudad sigue aconteciendo
aunque parezca, por momentos, difícil de creer hoy en día. La vieja sigue sentada en su taburete
tal y como lo hacía cuando era joven, rememorando el pasado y confirmando que nada ha
cambiado desde que era una niña.
Carlos G. Torres-Rodríguez
Casady School
Figueredo Oliva, Ricardo, dir. La singular historia de Juan sin nada/The Singular Story of Unlucky
Juan. Icarus Films. 2016. DVD. 0:52.
Moreira Salles, João, dir. No intenso agora/In the Intense Now. Icarus Films. 2017. DVD. 2:07.
The present review examines two recent nonfiction items from Latin America distributed by
New York-based Icarus Films, a company that, according to its website, works to disseminate
independent documentaries of consequence. Although both films meet that elevated standard,
each is unique in its tone and texture.
In La singular historia de Juan sin nada/The Singular Story of Unlucky Juan (Cuba, 2016,
Spanish with English subtitles, 52 min.) director and writer Ricardo Figueredo Oliva examines
how an ordinary resident of Havana (Juan sin nada or Unlucky Juan, played by Jorge Fernández
Era) might survive on the 250 pesos per month that, according to the film, the average Cuban
earns. Originally envisioning their work as a fiction film, Figueredo Oliva and his producer,
Diana Reyes Barrena, seem to have realized that the real-life Cubans they were interviewing
for the project provided a more interesting and tangible perspective than their fictionalized
everyman. As such, the character of Juan sin nada often fades into the background, giving the
film an occasional disjointed feel. Figueredo and Reyes Barrena are right, however, in their
decision to highlight the people they interview, and the disheartened reflections of these Cubans
on daily life in their country bring to mind the pain expressed by those who appeared in the
2002 documentary Balseros (dir. Carles Bosch and Josep Maria Domènech), where, for example,
a Havana resident passing through a security checkpoint poignantly tells the guard: “Lo único
que tengo es tristeza en mi corazón.”
The crux of the documentary is, of course, that Juan cannot live on the meager salary that he
receives. Although the voice-over narrator emphasizes that this imagined Juan sin nada would
not resort to the black market or other questionable sources of income, the film does reveal a
few creative ways that everyday Cubans find to make ends meet. The opening credits of Juan
sin nada roll alongside archival images (video and newspaper headlines) that highlight events
from the first years following the Cuban Revolution of 1959, including the US embargo. The
present moment of the film, however, is March 2016 and, at its conclusion, the documentary
records some of the reactions (whether hopeful or uneasy) of its interviewees to President Barack
Obama’s historic visit to the island nation during that eventful month. Despite the expansive
timeline (1959–2016) that the film evokes, Juan sin nada is not a detailed examination of Cuban
history, nor is it a facile condemnation of revolutionary Cuba, or of the United States. That is
not to say that the film is simplistic or disconnected from its broader historical context. Rather,
Juan sin nada focuses on ordinary Cubans whose challenge is simply to survive another day in a
strangely absurd world where powerful and indifferent national and international forces, rather
than poverty, may be the true antagonist.
The documentary is divided into seven chapters that explore various aspects of an economic
system in crisis and how each affects the daily habits of the film’s fictionalized character and
real-life interviewees: “La libreta,” “El agromercado,” “Tiendas en CUC,” “El trabajo por cuenta
propia,” “La corrupción,” “La migración,” and “Futura Cuba.” Of particular interest is the chapter
dedicated to “La libreta,” or the ration book that has been a staple of the Cuban experience since