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DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Unit Wise Important Questions

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PART – A (Short Answer Questions)

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Blooms
Course
Q. No Questions Taxonomy
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Outcome
Level
UNIT – I
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1 List the advantages of DBMS? Knowledge 1

2 List the database Applications? Knowledge 2
3 Define instances and schemas of database? Knowledge 2
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4 Discuss Data Independence? Understand 2

5 Explain database Access for applications Programs Understand 2
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6 Define (i) Database (ii) DBMS Knowledge 2

7 Explain about Database storage structure? Understand 2
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8 Discuss Transaction management? Understand 2

9 Explain the Query Processor? Understand 2
10 Define (i) Entity (ii) Attribute Knowledge 3
11 Define Relationship and Relationship set? Knowledge 3
12 Discuss about Data Definition language? Understand 9
13 Discuss about Data Manipulation language? Understand 9
14 Explain about querying relational data? Understand 9
15 Explain the History of Data base Systems? Understand 2
16 Discuss how can you change the data in the table? Understand 9
17 List various types of attributes? Knowledge 3
18 Discuss How can you alter and destroy tables? Understand 9
UNIT – II
1 Define relational database query? Knowledge 8
2 State about SELECT operation in Relational algebra? Knowledge 8

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3 State about PROJECT operation in Relational algebra? Knowledge 8
4 Define Aggregate Functions? Knowledge 10
5 Discuss the use of rename operation? Understand 8
6 Illustrate division operation? Apply 8
7 Discuss the basic form of SQL query? Understand 9
8 Define Null Values. Knowledge 10
9 Define tuple variable with its syntax? Knowledge 8
10 Define Dynamic SQL? Knowledge 10
11 Define Assertions? Knowledge 6
12 Discuss about trigger? Understand 10
13 Demonstrate how to add a NOT NULL column to a table? Apply 10
UNIT – III
1 Define redundancy? Knowledge 5
2 Define functional dependency? Why are some functional dependencies trivial? Knowledge 5
3 Discuss normalization? Understand 5
4 Illustrate functional dependency with example? Apply 5

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5 Illustrate fully functional dependency with example? Apply 5
6 Demonstrate transitive dependency? Give an example? Apply 5
7 Discuss Domain-Key Normal Form? Understand 5

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8 Define Armstrong axioms for FD’s? Knowledge 5
9 Define First Normal Form? Knowledge 5

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10 Define Second Normal Form? Knowledge 5
11 Define Third Normal Form? Knowledge 5
12 Define Fourth Normal Form? Knowledge 5

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UNIT – IV
Define a Transaction? List the properties of transaction Knowledge 7
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2 Discuss different phases of transaction? Understand 7
3 Discuss recoverable schedules? Understand 7
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4 Discuss cascade less schedules? Understand 7

5 Define Two Phase Commit protocol? Knowledge 7
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6 Demonstrate the implementation of Isolation? Apply 7

7 Discuss the Procedure to test Serializability? Understand 7
8 Explain about different types of locks? Understand 7
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9 Discuss about Failure Classification? Understand 7

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10 Define a checkpoint? Knowledge 7

11 Discuss the failures that can occur with loss of Non-volatile storage? Understand 7
12 Demonstrate Conflict Serializability? Apply 7
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13 Discuss View Serializability? Understand 7

UNIT – V
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1 Discuss about data on External storage? Understand 2

2 Explain Clustered Indexes? Understand 11
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3 Discuss the Primary and Secondary indexes? Understand 11

4 Define Tree Indexing? Knowledge 11
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5 Explain Hash based Indexing? Understand 11

6 Discuss the intuition for Tree Indexes? Understand 11
7 Define Indexed Sequential Access Method? Knowledge 11
8 Discuss about Overflow pages and Locking considerations of ISAM? Understand 11
9 Discuss the Cost model of Heap files? Understand 11
Discuss the Cost model of Sorted files? Understand 11
9 Discuss the Cost model of Clustered files? Understand 11
10 Discuss the impact of Workload on Indexes? Understand 11

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PART – B (Long Answer Questions)

Blooms
Course
Q. No Questions Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
UNIT – I
1 Compare and Contrast file Systems with database systems? Apply 1
2 Define Data Abstraction and discuss levels of Abstraction? Knowledge 2
3 Discuss about different types of Data models? Understand 2
4 Describe the Structure of DBMS? Understand 2
5 Discuss additional features of the ER-Models. Understand 3
6 Discuss about the Concept Design with the ER Model? Understand 4
7 Write about views and updates on views? Knowledge 10
8 Explain different types of database users and write the functions of DBA? Understand 2
9 Explain about different types of integrity constraints? Understand 6

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10 Discuss about the logical database Design? Understand 4
11 Distinguish strong entity set with weak entity set? Draw an ER diagram to Apply
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illustrate weak entity set?
12 Differentiate relation schema and relational instance? Define the terms arity and Understand
2

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degree of s relation? What are domain constraints?
13 Illustrate outer joins with example? Apply 10

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14 Describe logical connectives of SQL? Understand 10
15 Discuss about active databases? Understand 10
UNIT – II
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2 Define Join? Explain different types of joins?
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Illustrate different set operations in Relational algebra with an example? Apply
Knowledge
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3 Discuss about Domain Relational calculus in detail? Understand 8
4 Define trigger and explain its three parts? Differentiate row level and statement Knowledge
10
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level triggers?
5 Illustrate Group by and Having clauses with examples? Apply 10
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6 Discuss about Complex integrity constraints in SQL? Understand 6

7 Discuss different types of aggregate operators with examples in SQL? Understand 10
8 a. Define a nested query? Knowledge
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b. Write a nested query to find the names of sailors who have reserved both a
red and green boat? 10
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c. Write a nested query to find the names of sailors who have reserved all
boats?
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9 a. Discuss correlated nested queries? Understand

b. Write a query to find the names of sailors who have reserved a red boat? 10
c. Write a query to find the names of sailors who have not reserved a red boat?
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10 a. Explain Relational calculus? Understand

b. Write a TRC query to find the names of sailors who have reserved boat 103? 10
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c. Write a DRC query to find the names of sailors who have reserved boat 103?
UNIT – III
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1 Illustrate redundancy and the problems that it can cause? Apply 5

2 Define decomposition and how does it address redundancy? Discuss the problem Knowledge
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s that may be caused by the use of decompositions?
3 Define functional dependencies.How are primary keys related to FD’s? Knowledge 5
4 Define normalization? Explain 1NF, 2NF, 3NF Normal forms? Knowledge 5
5 Compare and contrast BCNF with 3NF? Apply 5
6 Describe properties of decompositions? Understand 5
7 Explain about Schema refinement in Database design? Understand 5
8 Illustrate Multivalued dependencies and Fourth normal form with example? Apply 5
9 Discuss about Join dependencies and Fifth normal form? Understand 5
10 Illustrate Inclusion dependencies with example? Apply 5
UNIT – IV
1 Explain ACID properties and Illustrate them through examples? Understand 7
2 Discuss How do you implement Atomicity and Durability? Understand 7

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 3 Illustrate Concurrent execution of transaction with examples? Apply 7
4 Discuss Serializability in detail? Understand 7
5 Discuss two phase locking protocol and strict two phase locking protocols? Understand 7
6 Describe Timestamp based locking protocols? Understand 7
7 Describe Validation-based locking protocols? Understand 7
8 Discuss in detail Multiple Granularity? Understand 7
9 Explain in detail Storage structure? Understand 7
10 Discuss Deferred database modification and Immediate database modification? Understand 7
11 Discuss how do you recover from Concurrent transactions? Understand 7
12 Explain Buffer Management? Understand 7
13 Explain different types of Advanced Recovery Techniques? Understand 7
14 Write in detail about Remote Backup systems? Apply 7
UNIT – V
1 Write in detail about Hash based Indexing and Tree based Indexing? Apply 11
2 Compare I/O costs for all File Organizations? Understand 11
3 Explain in detail about ISAM? Understand 11

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4 Explain B+ trees? Discuss about this Dynamic Index Structure? Understand 11
5 Demonstrate searching a given element in B+ trees? Explain with example? Understand 11
6 Illustrate insertion of an element in B+ trees with example? Apply 11

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7 Illustrate deletion of an element in B+ trees with example? Apply 11
8 Write in detail about Static Hashing? Apply 11

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9 Explain in detail about Extendible Hashing? Understand 11
10 Explain in detail about Linear Hashing? Understand 11
11 Compare and Contrast Extendible Hashing with Linear Hashing? Apply 11
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PART – C (Problem Solving and Critical Thinking Questions)
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Blooms
Course
Q. No Questions Taxonomy
Outcome
Level
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UNIT – I
1 Consider the following ER Diagram.
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Apply 3
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Discuss how many minimum numbers of tables are needed to represent M, N, P,

R1, R2?
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2 Let E1 and E2 be two entities in an E/R diagram with simple single-valued

attributes. R1 and R2 are two relationships between E1 and E2, where R1 is one-
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to-many and R2 is many-to-many. R1 and R2 do not have any attributes of their Apply 3
own. Calculate the minimum number of tables required to represent this situation
in the relational model?
3 Analyze and find whether View exists if the table is dropped from the database? Analyze 10
4 We can convert any weak entity set to strong entity set by simply adding
Analyze 3
appropriate attributes. Analyze why, then, do we have weak entity sets?
UNIT – II
1 Consider the following relational schema
Employee (empno,name,office,age)
Books(isbn,title,authors,publisher)
Loan(empno, isbn,date)
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Write the following queries in relational algebra.
a. Find the names of employees who have borrowed a book Published by
McGraw-Hill?
b. Find the names of employees who have borrowed all books Published by

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 McGraw-Hill?
c. Find the names of employees who have borrowed more than five
different books published by McGraw-Hill?
d. For each publisher, find the names of employees who have borrowed?
2 Given the Students relation as shown below

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For (Student Name, Student Age) to be the key for this instance, analyze and find
value of X not be equal to?
3 Given the relations
employee(name,salary,deptno)
department (deptno, deptname, address) Apply 10

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Solve which query cannot be expressed using the basic relational algebra
operations (U, -, x, , p)?
4 Write SQL Query to find second highest salary of Employee from Employee
table? Apply 10

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UNIT – III

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1 Consider a relation scheme R = (A, B, C, D, E, H) on which the following
functional dependencies hold: {A–>B, BC–> D, E–>C, D–>A}. Write the Apply 5

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candidate keys of R? ru
Consider the following relational schemes for a library database:
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Book (Title, Author, Catalog_no, Publisher, Year, Price)
Collection (Title, Author, Catalog_no)
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the following are functional dependencies:

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a. Title Author --> Catalog_no
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b. Catalog_no --> Title Author Publisher Year

c. Publisher Title Year --> Price
Assume {Author, Title} is the key for both schemes. Apply the appropriate
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normal form for Book and Cancellation?

3 Consider a schema R (A, B, C, D) and functional dependencies A -> B and C ->
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D. Solve and find whether the decomposition of R into R1 (A, B) and R2(C, D) Apply 5
belongs to which one or both (dependency preserving and loss less join)?
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4 Show that: if α → β and α → γ then α → βγ Apply 5

UNIT - IV
1 Consider the following transactions with data items P and Q initialized to zero:
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T1: read(P);
read(Q);
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If P=0 then Q:=Q+1;

write(Q);
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T2: read(Q); Apply 7

read(P);
If Q=0 then P:=P+1;
write(P);
Solve and find any non-serial interleaving of T1 and T2 for concurrent execution
leads to a serializable schedule or non serializable schedule. Explain?
2 Analyze which of the following concurrency control protocols ensure both
conflict serializability and freedom from deadlock? Explain the following:
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a. 2-phase locking
b. Time-stamp ordering
3 Consider the transactions T1, T2, and T3 and the schedules S1 and S2 given
below.
T1: r1(X);r1(Z);w1(X);w1(Z) Apply 7
T2: r2(Y);r2(Z);w2(Z)
T3: r3(Y);r3(X);w3(Y)

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 S1: r1(X);r3(Y);r3(X);r2(Y);r2(Z);
w3(Y);w2(Z);r1(Z);w1(X);w1(Z)
S2: r1(X); r3(Y); r2(Y); r3(X); r1(Z);
r2(Z); w3(Y); w1(X); w2(Z); w1(Z)
Analyze which one of the schedules is conflict-serializable?
4 Suppose that there is a database system that never fails. Analyze whether a
Apply 7
recovery manager required for this system?
UNIT - V
1 Consider a B+-tree in which the maximum number of keys in a node is 5.
Apply 11
Calculate the minimum number of keys in any non-root node?
2 In the index allocation scheme of blocks to a file, Calculate on what maximum
Apply 11
possible size of the file depends?
3 A clustering index is defined on the fields of which type? Analyze them. Apply 11
4 Calculate the minimum space utilization for a B+ tree index? Apply 11
5 Consider the B+ tree index of order d = 2 shown in Figure

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a. Show the tree that would result from inserting a data entry with key 9
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into this tree.

b. Show the B+ tree that would result from deleting the data entry with key
8 from the original tree, assuming that the left sibling is checked for
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possible redistribution
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