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MATH 301 Linear Algebra: NU Spring 2018

This document provides information about the MATH 301 Linear Algebra course offered in the spring 2018 semester at Cairo University. It includes details about the course contents, textbooks, instructor, and teaching assistants. The document also discusses the difference between linear and nonlinear systems, and provides examples to classify systems as linear or nonlinear. Finally, it summarizes techniques for solving systems of linear equations using Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordan elimination methods.

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Ibrahim Adel
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56 views

MATH 301 Linear Algebra: NU Spring 2018

This document provides information about the MATH 301 Linear Algebra course offered in the spring 2018 semester at Cairo University. It includes details about the course contents, textbooks, instructor, and teaching assistants. The document also discusses the difference between linear and nonlinear systems, and provides examples to classify systems as linear or nonlinear. Finally, it summarizes techniques for solving systems of linear equations using Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordan elimination methods.

Uploaded by

Ibrahim Adel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH 301

Linear Algebra
NU
Spring 2018
Dr. Mohamed A. El-Beltagy
Associate Professor, Faculty of Engineering Cairo University, Egypt.
([email protected])
Teaching Assistants:
Eng. Ahmed Etman
Contents
• Solution of system of linear equations.
• Vector spaces and subspaces.
• Basics of linear algebra and linear transformations.
• Inner product spaces, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors.
• Matrix functions.
• Partial Differentiation
• Multiple Integrals
Main Textbooks
Bernard Kolman, David Hill-Elementary Linear Algebra
with Applications (9th Edition) -Prentice Hall

Elementary Linear Algebra, 6th Linear Algebra and Its Applications


Edition, by R. Larson and D. C. David C. Lay et.al.
Falvo.
Linear vs. Nonlinear
A linear system is any system that follows the
properties of scaling (homogeneity) and
superposition (additivity), while a nonlinear system is
any system that does not obey at least one of these.
Linear Linear
𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟏 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐
System System

𝒙𝟏 Linear
Scaling 𝒚𝟑 = 𝒂𝒚𝟏
Property System
a
Linear
Superposition𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟒 = 𝒚𝟏 + 𝒚𝟐
Property
System
𝒙𝟐
Example:- Classify which of the following
systems are linear?
𝒙 2 𝒚 𝒇(𝒙) 𝑑 𝒚
.
𝑑𝑥

𝒙 sin(. ) 𝒚 𝒇(𝒙) න 𝒚

𝒙 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝒚 𝒙 3 . 𝒚
Example:- Classify which of the following
systems are linear?
𝒙 𝑑
. 2 𝒚 𝒇(𝒙)
𝑑𝑥
OK 𝒚

𝒙 𝒚 𝒇(𝒙) න 𝒚
sin(. ) OK

𝒙 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝒚 𝒙 3 . 𝒚
Ch.1 Systems of Linear Equations
Matrix Notation
Ch.1 Systems of Linear Equations
Ch.1 Systems of Linear Equations
Solving System
of Equations

This technique is called the Gauss


Elimination Method which
transforms the system into
equivalent “Row Echelon” system.

The backward substitution is then


applied to the equivalent system
to get the solution as.
𝒙𝟑 = −𝟏,
𝒙𝟐 = 𝟎,
𝒙𝟏 = 𝟏
Solving System
of Equations

This is Gauss-Jordan method which


transforms the system into
equivalent “Reduced Row Echleon”
form with 1’s on the diagonal.

The solution is obtained directly


from the right-hand side as.
𝒙𝟑 = −𝟏, 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟎, 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟏
Ch.1 Systems of Linear Equations
Gaussian Elimination and Gauss-Jordan Elimination
Gaussian Elimination and Gauss-Jordan Elimination
Ch.1 Systems of Linear Equations
Ch.1 Systems of Linear Equations
ROW REDUCTION AND ECHELON FORMS
EXAMPLE 2 Row reduce the matrix A below to echelon form, and locate the pivot
columns of A.

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