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Chapter Proposal Topic: Importance of Natural Language Processing in Cognitive Systems

Cognitive computing systems attempt to make sense of vast amounts of data by learning from examples and patterns. A key tool in cognitive systems is natural language processing (NLP), which allows computers to interpret human language. NLP is important for cognitive systems as it is used to identify semantics and provide context for unstructured text data in knowledge bases. By putting words together meaningfully and assigning meaning to phrases, NLP enables cognitive systems to generate hypotheses from complex, dynamic sources of data.

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236 views

Chapter Proposal Topic: Importance of Natural Language Processing in Cognitive Systems

Cognitive computing systems attempt to make sense of vast amounts of data by learning from examples and patterns. A key tool in cognitive systems is natural language processing (NLP), which allows computers to interpret human language. NLP is important for cognitive systems as it is used to identify semantics and provide context for unstructured text data in knowledge bases. By putting words together meaningfully and assigning meaning to phrases, NLP enables cognitive systems to generate hypotheses from complex, dynamic sources of data.

Uploaded by

sofia gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter Proposal

Topic: Importance of Natural Language Processing in Cognitive Systems

Cognitive computing represents the third era of computing. Cognitive computing is


an evolution of technology that attempts to make sense of a complex world that is
drowning in data in all forms and shapes. It is a technology approach that enables
humans to collaborate with machines. Cognitive systems are still in the early days
of evolution. These computing systems are often used in domains in which a single
query or set of data may result in a hypothesis that yields more than one possible
answer. The cognitive solution is best suited to help when the domain is complex
and conclusions depend on who is asking the question and the complexity of the
data. Even though human experts might know an answer to a problem, they may
not be aware of new data or new circumstances that will change the outcome of an
inquiry. A cognitive computing system consists of tools and techniques, including
Big Data and analytics, machine learning, Internet of Things (IoT), Natural
Language Processing (NLP), causal induction, probabilistic reasoning, and data
visualization.

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the capability of computer systems to


process text written or recorded in a language used for human communication
(such as English or French). Human "natural language" is filled with ambiguities.
For example, one word can have multiple meanings depending on how it is used in
a sentence.

Today, much of the data required is text based. Natural Language Processing
(NLP) techniques are needed to capture the meaning of unstructured text from
documents or communications from the user. NLP is the primary tool to interpret
text. Deep learning tools are required to capture meaning from non-text based
sources such as videos and sensor data. All these various types of data have to be
transformed so that they can be understood and processed by a machine. In a
cognitive system these transformations must be presented in a way that allows the
users to understand the relationships between varieties of data sources.

In addition, the meaning of a sentence can change dramatically just by adding or


removing a single word. NLP enables computer systems to interpret the meaning
of language and to generate natural language responses.
Cognitive systems typically include a knowledge base (corpus) that has been
created by ingesting various structured and unstructured data sources. Many of
these data sources are text-based documents. NLP is used to identify the semantics
of words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, and other linguistic units in the
documents and other unstructured data found in the corpus. One important use of
NLP in cognitive systems is to identify the statistical patterns and provide the
linkages in data elements so that the meaning of unstructured data can be
interpreted in the right context.

NLP tools rely on rules of language to determine meaning and extract elements.
When combining NLP tools in the context of cognitive systems, these tools have to
work with a system where the data is dynamic by definition. This means that the
system is designed to learn from examples or patterns; therefore language has to be
interpreted based on context.

On a very basic level, NLP enables computers to understand language by putting


words together in meaningful phrases, assigning meaning to those phrases and
drawing inferences from them. Some of the most well-known components of NLP
are part-of-speech tagging, named entity resolution, word sense disambiguation
and co-reference resolution, each of which plays a vital role in identifying and
characterizing the core text that carries the primary meaning of a phrase or
sentence. Other deep technical processes behind NLP include machine learning
techniques, computational linguistics and statistics across training corpora.

In this chapter we will analyze and explore the importance of NLP in developing
cognitive systems. This chapter explains how a cognitive system uses natural
language processing techniques and how these techniques create understanding.
Various aspects of NLP like the Importance of Context, Linguistics, Language
Identification and Tokenization, Phonology and Morphology, Lexical Analysis,
Syntax and Syntactic Analysis, Grammar construction, Techniques for Resolving
Structural Ambiguity, Word-Sense Disambiguation (WSD) and many more will be
explained in detail.

The aim of this chapter is to provide an understanding of NLP in developing better


cognitive systems to cater the need of research community.
What is cognitive computing?
three
fundamental principles of cognitive system

learn

model
Generate hypotheses

tools of cognitive system

Big Data and analytics, machine learning, Internet of Things (IoT), Natural
Language Processing (NLP), causal induction, probabilistic reasoning, and data
visualization.

Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Importance of NLP in a Cognitive System

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