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Chemistry Indicatory Project: Mohammad Fariduddin S6-G

1. The document describes two experiments on evaporation rates. The first compares the evaporation of water, acetone, and diethyl ether, finding diethyl ether evaporates fastest and water slowest. 2. The second examines the effect of surface area, showing evaporation rate increases with larger surface area as diethyl ether evaporated most quickly from the largest petri dish. 3. Both experiments demonstrate factors that influence evaporation rates, such as type of liquid, temperature, surface tension, and surface area available.

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Mohammad Fariduddin
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58 views

Chemistry Indicatory Project: Mohammad Fariduddin S6-G

1. The document describes two experiments on evaporation rates. The first compares the evaporation of water, acetone, and diethyl ether, finding diethyl ether evaporates fastest and water slowest. 2. The second examines the effect of surface area, showing evaporation rate increases with larger surface area as diethyl ether evaporated most quickly from the largest petri dish. 3. Both experiments demonstrate factors that influence evaporation rates, such as type of liquid, temperature, surface tension, and surface area available.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Fariduddin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHEMISTRY

INDICATORY
PROJECT
MOHAMMAD FARIDUDDIN
S6-G
Index
1. Theory

2. Experiment No.1

3. Experiment No.2
Theory
Evaporation is the process whereby atoms or molecules
in a liquid state (or solid state if the substance sublimes)
gain sufficient energy to enter the gaseous state. The
thermal motion of a molecule must be sufficient to
overcome the surface tension of the liquid in order for it
to evaporate, that is, its kinetic energy must exceed the
work function of cohesion at the surface. Evaporation
therefore proceeds more quickly at higher temperature
and in liquids with lower surface tension. Since only a
small proportion of the molecules are located near the
surface and are moving in the proper direction to escape
at any given instant, the rate of evaporation is limited.
Also, as the faster-moving molecules escape, the
remaining molecules have lower average kinetic energy,
and the temperature of the liquid thus decreases. If the
evaporation takes place in a closed vessel, the escaping
molecules accumulate as a vapor above the liquid. Many
of the molecules return to the liquid, with returning
molecules becoming more frequent as the density and
pressure of the vapor increases. When the process of
escape and return reaches equilibrium, the vapor is said
to be “saturated,” and no further change in either vapor
pressure and density or liquid temperature will occur.
Experiment no.1

Aim: To compare the rate of evaporation of


water, acetone and diethyl ether.

Materials required: China dish, Pipette,


Beaker, Weighing balance Measuring flask,
Acetone, Distilled water, Diethyl ether, Watch
PROCEDURE:
1. Take three china dishes.
2. Pipette out 10 ml of each sample.
3. Dish A-Acetone Dish B-Water Dish C-
Diethyl ether
4. Record the weights before beginning the
experiment.
5. Leave the three dishes undisturbed for ½ an
hr and wait patiently.
6. Record the weights of the samples after the
given time.
7. Compare the prior and present
observations.
Observation

Inference and conclusion

The rate of evaporation of the given three


liquids is in order :-
Diethyl Ether>Acetone>Water
Experiment no.2
Aim:-To study the effect of surface area
on the rate of evaporation of Diethyl
ether.
Requirements :-Three Petridishes of
diameter 2.5 cm,5 cm, and 10 cm with
covers ,10 ml pipette and stopwatch.
Procedure :
1.Clean and dry the petridishes and
mark them as A,B,C.
2.Pipette out 10 ml of Diethyl ether in
each of the petridishes a,band C cover
them immediately.
3.Uncover all the three petridishes
simultaneously and start the
stopwatch.
4.Note the time when diethyl ether
evaporates completely from each
petridish.
OBSERVATION

Result:- It will be observed that maximum


evaporation occurs in petridish with
largest diameter followed  by smaller and
the smallest petridish. It is therefore ,
concluded that rate of evaporation
increases with increase in surface area.

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