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Acid Wash

Garment washing is a technology used to modify the appearance of ready made garments. It involves washing garments made from solid color fabrics to produce new looks. The document outlines the process of acid washing, which uses pumice stones soaked in a potassium permanganate solution to fade garments in an irregular pattern. It provides details on the steps of pre-treatment, stone soaking, garment loading, washing, and finishing. Precise control and maintenance of chemicals, temperatures, times, and mechanical action are needed to safely produce the faded effect through this process.

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Eusha Nightangel
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689 views5 pages

Acid Wash

Garment washing is a technology used to modify the appearance of ready made garments. It involves washing garments made from solid color fabrics to produce new looks. The document outlines the process of acid washing, which uses pumice stones soaked in a potassium permanganate solution to fade garments in an irregular pattern. It provides details on the steps of pre-treatment, stone soaking, garment loading, washing, and finishing. Precise control and maintenance of chemicals, temperatures, times, and mechanical action are needed to safely produce the faded effect through this process.

Uploaded by

Eusha Nightangel
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction:

The technology which is used to modify the outlook, appearance,


comfortability and design of the ready made garments made from solid color
dyed or pigment printed fabric is called garments washing. Garments made
from denim and heavy Jeans fabric are normally considered for acid wash.
Fading affect is produced in irregular pattern by the use of pumic stone.
Garments like trouser and Jackets are frequently washed by acid washing
technique. In the ready made garments sector garments washing is a new
technology. After making garments from solid color dyed or pigment printed
fabrics, the garments are washed. By garments washing, color and outlook
of the garments are modified. As a result new outlook of the garments are
modified. As a result new outlook and appearance is produced in the
garments, which is not possible in any other method. Moreover due to
washing, starch materials present in the garments are removed, as a result
washed garments could be wear after purchase directly from the store or
shop. Some garments shrinks after wash. Hence washed garments could be
purchased as per required size. Normally garments washing means cleaning
of dirty garments with soap or detergent. But it is not that garments washing.
Industrial garments washing is a technology.

Objects:
a) Starch materials present in the new fabrics of the new garments are
removed. Hence feels soft during use.
b) Softness Feeling of garments could be further increased.
c) Dirts and spots if present in the garments are removed.
d) Shrinkage occurs in the garments during washing. Hence no possibility of
further shrinkage.
e) Washed garments could be wear directly after purchase from store.
f) Fading affect is produced in the garments in regular or irregular pattern.

g) Fading affect could be produced in the specific are of the garment as per
specific design.
Recipe:
For Desizing
M:L………………………..1:5
Desizing agent ……………. 2gr/littre
Time………………………20 minutes
Temp……………………..60℃
For Stoning
Water ................................................. 100 litter
Potassium permanganate ................... 1.2 Kg.
Time………………………60-90minutes
For Soaping
Detergent…………………1 kg
Time………………………10 -15minutes
Temp……………………..40-60℃
For Neutralization
Detergent…………………1%
Time………………………20 minutes
Temp……………………..40℃
M:L………………………..1:5
For Softener application
FWA ………………. 0.5%
Time………………………10 minutes
M:L………………………..1:5
Sample Of Acid Washing garments

Process:
Before acid wash, the garments are pre-treated. A lot of 100 kg garments are
considered for the pre-treatment and acid wash. Load the garments washing
machine with 500 litter water @ 1:5 liquor ratio. Then load the garments in
the washing machine and start machine running. Add desizing agent @
2gr/littre that is 1 kg in the liquor. Raise liquor temperature to 60ºC by steam
supply. Continue processing for 20 minutes. During this time, starch
materials present in the garment is broken down by the action of desizing
agent. Then drop the liquor and again load 500-litter water. Continue
washing at 50ºC for 5 minutes to remove the adhering impurities present in
the garment. Drop the liquor, unload the garments, hydroextruct the
garments and dry the garments completely.
The pumic stones to be used for acid wash are soaked in a chemical solution.
The chemical solution is prepared as follows, in a stainless tub,

Water ................................................. 100 litter


Potassium permenganate ................... 1.2 Kg.
Mix the solution properly and then soak the pumic stones in the solution.
Pumic stones are naturally perforated; hence pick up the solution very
quickly. After few minutes, the stones are strained and kept in a separate
stainless tub and allowed 60 to 90 minutes for air-drying.

Load the pre-treated that is soaked stones in a separate garments washing


machine and run the machine for 2 to 3 minutes only with soaked stones to
redistribution of solution in the stones. Volume of stones to be taken
depends on the volume of garments to be processed in each batch (Double
the volume of garment to be processed per batch). Normally 20 to 30 kg
garments are processed per batch at this stage. Load the pre-treated garments
in the pre-soaked stones of the washing machine. Run the machine for 5 to 7
minutes for each batch. During machine running garments and stones rotates
and the stones drops on the garments surface. Due to bitting and brushing
action of the stones, the garments become faded in spot pattern. By the
action of chemicals present in the stone discolours the garments. The thick
seam areas like collar, pocket, cuff, side seam etc. areas are faded more than
the remaining areas of the garments.

Then the machine is stopped and the garments are unloaded from the
machine. During loading and unloading of the garments in the washing
machine, counting of garments should be done to avoid double treatment of
a garment. If any garment is double treated, then the garment will be
rejected. Before processing second batch in the same machine, fresh soaked
stones to be added in the washing machine. Because, after processing each
batch of garments, the volume of stone is reduced.

The treated garments are kept separately and loaded in another washing
machine. The 3rd washing machine is loaded with 500- litter water and 100
kg treated garments. To the liquor 1kg detergent @ 1% is added together
with 300 ml phosphoric acid. Raise the liquor temperature to 40.......C by
steam supply. Continue washing for 10 minutes and drop the liquor. As a
result the garments surfaces will be cleaned from the adhering molten stones
and the faded areas will become prominent. Again load 500-litter water and
start machine running. Add 500 gram FWA @ 0.5% to the garments
washing machine and process for 5 minutes. As a result the discolored white
areas of the garment becomes more prominent. Then unload the garment,
hydroextruct the garments and dry the garments in the garments drying
machine.

Precautions:

Some pecorinos should be taken during washing as follows:

i) All chemicals should be measured very carefully.


ii) Temp should be increased very carefully.
iii) Water & pumice stone should be added very carefully.
iv) Time & Temp should be maintained very sincerely.
v) Mechanical action should be maintained very sincerely.
.

Remarks:

Acid wash is the most popular washing process in Bangladesh .It is quite
expensive. In this type of washing process freshly dyed heavy jeans are
loaded into large washing m/c and tumbled with stones to achieve a fade
effect. Our teacher is very helpful. She helps to learn about acid wash. We
learned many things about acid wash from our teacher. And also we saw
acid washing process in unique washing ltd. That is very helpful for our
future life to become a better Textile Engineer.

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