USE OF ENGLISH: Multiple Choice Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. Circle the letter a, b, cor d. TASK 1 11 When Karen became the manager, she began to people as iftthey were inferior. alookdownon bgooff ¢falloutwith dseeto 2 Wewere very much surprised when Maria told us that her om her father’s side originally came from China, ancestors successors b descendants d associates 3 Its reported that many refugees leave thelr country toavoid a immigration relegation b persecution d breakout 4 When saw your present, | realised Id love__a similar one for my last birthday. a receiving cto receive b having received dito have received TASK2 1. eel cold and feverish so to be honest I'd rather in bed for a day or two than go to work atostay bstay ctobestaying be staying 2 When we were buying the house, we were surprised that the previous ovmner didn't want any of the electrical like the washing machine, the tumble-drier or the freezer, auilities bornaments cutensils. _ d appliances 3 Look at Mark and Julia, They're chatting to each other they were good friends. In actual fact, they met just now. asoas — basthough dhowever 4 Bullies usually younger and weaker ones as it is easier to criticise or treat them unfairly. inspite of acallin backup estandby — dpickon TASK3 1. Gavin felt truly when his girlfriend Sonia decided to split up with him and moved out immediately. He cried for weeks and nobody was able to console him adevastated relieved tensed offended 2 Incredibly siow service _a lot of people eatingin that restaurant, but the food is worth waiting for agetsinto pulls out cputsoff dsendsoff 3. Do you think Shella __ her assignment before her tutor comes back from sick leave? will have been submitting is submitting ‘will have submitted dd will be submitting 4 We decided to have the roof insulated mean stretching ourselves financially quite a fot aasif basiongas whereas although it would TASKS 1 One day you'll have to the consequences of your behaviour towards her and nobody will support you a look up for ‘c keep up with, bstand up for face upto. 2 Lydia has proved herself t0 be excellent at teaching children with needs. unusual b individual 3 Apparently, Holland is notorious for bicycle ~ it’s one of the most common crimes in this country. atheft bhijacking crobbery fraud 4 wish | my uncle's offer of helping him run his bar ‘on the beach in Florida. | might be enjoying myself now. a accepted chad accepted bhave accepted d would have accepted cunique special TASKS 1. When | returned to work after maternity leave, | was sent ‘on a course because | had difficulty up with the latest changes in the regulations, amaking bliving keeping d putting 2. | guess no one mentioned the side effects of the drug toyou,_? adidthey bhadthey ¢didnttthey d don't they 3. To save energy, appliances shouldn't be left __- they ‘ought to be switched off. a logged on on standby bat work d out of order 4. Allthe employees were suddenly after the industry collapsed adropped fired crejected retired TASK6 1. It's nearly the end of April and | still haven't got _ to filing in my tax form. athrough —b round don 2. They say that life really beginsonce you, of the major problems you begin to experience then. amake bpass cturn dhave cover 3. I made a new cake for the county fair. Not having followed the recipe precisely, | expected it to be dry, but it was very tasty. it won first prize in the baking competition. aStil bNevertheless ¢Moreover — d However 4 | felt simply exhausted last night and went to bed at 8. | guess it’s because | solidly for 8 hours the night before. ahad been studying ¢ have been studying was used to studying d would be studyingUSE OF ENGLISH:Multiple Choice ‘Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. Circle the letter a, b, cor d. UY, TASK7 bymy 1 However careful |tryto be, lam always taken students tricks on April Foot's Day. aeround bin con dover 2. The other day | forgot to take the meat out of the freezer to it's0 we had to be vegetarians for 3 day. amel — bchill crefrigerate defrost 3. Mark seems to be in love with his wife, but he is thought, her for money. ato be marrying cto have married btohave been married to have been marrying 4 his latest project brought him quite a handsome income, Jack stil couldn't afford a holiday abroad. aDespite bEventhough However d Yet TASKS 1 In the current economic situation, banks are unlikely to increase their interest soon, afees beharges erates d prices, 2 Parents need to remember to praise their children for their accomplishments not only to them off when they have done something wrong atell bsee cput dcut 3 Its quite rare to come across elderly people with no teeth. | guess it's because of poor dental hygiene when they were younger. aforged faulty d false 4 Since you are aware of me being allergic to cats and c fake rabbits, you have bought this lovely Persian. cant boughtntto —cmightnot— dineedn't TASKS 1 It’s feared that after severe flooding there might be an ___ of cholera because water supplies have been contaminated. a eruption d approach 2. The family agreed to pay the ransom to the kidnappers, infuriated the police. invention ¢ outbreak awhich bthat ewhatdwhose 3 To begin with, the offer sounded excellent. However, we after we discovered some financial pitfalls conected with i. a tured it down chititoft bgave it amay dused it up 4 wasn't aware how icy the road was until the car and | nearly hit a tree. atripped — skidded climped — d strolled 1 For some reason my grandfathers garden has always attracted a number of birds that build nests and their eggs in them. aput blay cplace dient 2. | wouldnt go for this particular of car ift were you, \We might have rather bumpy rides on our roads. amake bmark label d brand 3. I canttstand ohn always boasting about his achievements. TASK 10 will he ever stop and telling people he’s the best at everything? ‘a putting forward showing off bb pulling over d speaking up 4 No sooner ___home than he got an urgent call from the hospital about one of his patients. does he come chad he come bhas he come ‘d would be come 11 When the actor stood in front of us, we could clearly see that he was suffering from stage afear threat cfright — d panic 2 Ihave no idea how to. the subject of the politeness. and punctuality of the manager himself. 'm in a very uncomfortable situation TASK 11 abringup pickup esqueezein dcometo 5. Averylong and dry summer has caused a sever drought in'many parts of Nich, expected to fol, Ieavngtnousands of people without 000 aSleet bExtinction ¢Poverty Famine 4 You'd better book the seats in advance this offer ends quick. aunless — bincase concondition that while ask 12 Yy 1. You should expect to be in pain after the effects of the drug aspread out bslowdown epullout wear off 2 Doyou fancy coming to our rehearsal tonight? It's actually as exciting as the first night. acostume dress attire doutfit 3. Playing basketball has become @ popular activity in our Town So It's a good idea to book a well in advance. acourt bpitch etrack ground 4. You wouldr’t be asking me so many questions had taken the trouble to read the reports | gave you, aif bevenif casif d supposing youUSE OF ENGLISH: Multiple Choice Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. Circle the letter a, b or c. TASK 13 YY 1. can't stand my flatmate. She __ her clothes all over the floor. always leaves bisalways leaving ‘calways leave 2 Never __ such aninteresting biography. | knew it would bbe made into a brillant fim. ahave | read before before | had read chefore had | read 3. The authorities have asked everyone in the tawn nat to leave their houses __to find and catch the animal on the run. ‘a until the police have managed b until the police are managing ‘until the police will have managed 4. Delia Young, _ from my school, received a special award for her outstanding achievements, aa 18-year-old student ban 18-year-old student can 18-year-olds student 5 tregret___here earlier ~ athat | didnt came b having not come ‘not having come 6 How long did your brother take ___ with his in-laws? ato be used to living bbto get used to living ‘getting used to living 7. Imet Rob in May_the new layout of our office together. a We have prepared. bWe have been preparing. ‘¢ We had been preparing. 8 , My twins are quite easy to look after. However, _ being dressed in the same way. either of them like neither of them is tking neither of them likes 9 ___ young kids than teenagers? ‘a Wouldn't you rather teach ‘Wouldn't you teach rather ‘€ Wouldn't you rather teaching 410 1m quite sure that 10 minutes __ time to finish this report ais definitely too little Bare definitely too ittle cis definitely too few such a gorgeous place. TASK 14 1. By the time | retire at the age of 65, will has taught for ‘bill have been teaching for will teach for 2 But James would never have become a celebrity chef. a for his parents support for his parents's support «for his parents’ support 3. Im worried not about this arm but _because Ive already broken it twice athe other one banother one cother one over 40 years. 4) Isn't___anew car? The old one uses far too much petrol ait high time you should buy bit high time you bought cit high time you buy 5 Jack __ an online shop to sell our hand-made jewellery. a suggested to setting up bb suggested to set up cc suggested setting up 6 Whydor'tyou ring Tom___ about our meeting? a incase he has forget bb incase he has forgotten in case he have forgotten 7 Could you have a look at my account?_be a problem, with the last transfer, aThereis b There seems to c There seem to 8 MrSmith him the whole story a insisted on us teling b insisted on telling us €insisted on us to tell 9 Nowadays | am much fitter than | used to be in my 20s, aam not | bisnt! caren't! 410 is apity that __ read books nowadays. aless and less bb fewer and fewer ‘emore and moreUSE OF ENGLISH: Multiple Choice ‘Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences. Circle the letter a, b orc. TASK 15 TASK 16 1. Your name rings a bell so _betore. 1 You before we left. 'm sure yout be hungry very ‘a xe should have met soon. we must have met a should eat something ewe must meet b had eaten something 2 Myneighbour___ to pay the mortgage and buy some should have ents somali basic food. 2. Wewere unbelievably exhausted, ____was 2 long @ hardly has enough money. holiday. bbhas hardly enough money a All what we need cc hardly have enough money b What we all needed 3. Myelderly grandmother requires some help so! i dal ane a vsither every another Saturday 3. | suppose welllhave an earty night __too tired ‘visits her every Saturday tomorrow. visit her every other Saturday aso thatwe are bso that we isn’t 4 You___ about me. | rang you before left. eae ee anced not have worried bdldn'tneed te worry 4 | know he owns a Ferrari but he__as poor as a church mouse. a looks as ifthe were looks if he were looks as ihe be need have worried 5 | reminded Charles to settle the bill but he said _the previous week. ale had already paid it bhe already paid it S ___ plantas many trees as they wanted che has already paid it a They were not allowed to b They are not allowed to 6 all the documents so far? ciayaeartalow es a Who sent you b Who senging you 6 ___ Kate had to stay at work longer that night. a Despite of her iliness inspite her lines Despite her ilness cWho has sent you 7 He surely didn't spend the night at home because _ the train in the evening. ahe saw getting on 7 Just rng this number -____trouble getting somebody 'b he was seen getting on to fix the dishwasher. ‘che was seen to get on a there wor't be no 8 My daughter is excellent at keepingher room ticy,__is.___ there wiltbeno always in a terrible mess. ‘a whereas the room of my sons's 8 Mork ____his neighbours" house while they were away. whereas my sons room ‘whereas my sons’ room admitted to break into b admitted to be broken into 9 Ihave no idea You lost me a long time ago! a what are you talking about bb what you are talking about ‘¢ what do you talk about 10 |____English classes with a native speaker when | started learning it years ago. ‘a would have rather had 'b would have had rather ‘ewould rather have had ‘c admitted to having broken into 9 We were asked to stay_while they were away. ‘a at my husband's parents’ house ‘bat my parents husband's house at my husbands parents house. 10 __here next week to start the campaign for his Second term in office. a The presidents was coming bb The president will be come «The president is to comeUSE OF ENGLISH: Word Formation Read the sentences. Fill each gap with the word in bold. Change the form of the word where necessary. TASK1 1 When Poland joined the EU, there was an absolute in the number of people signing up for extra English classes. EXPLODE 2 An intriguing house, visited by tens of thousands tourists every year, is definitely the highlight of the tour. TRIANGLE 3 Consuming large quantities of caffeine may your health because it increases blood pressure. DANGER 4 With poor access to hospitals, many children in the developing world rarely reach ADULT TASK2 1 I read on the net that visa must fil in 2 form and pay $100 before they can see an offcial at the embassy. APPLY 2. Chris sounded very fn the phone, as if he had done something wrong. APOLOGY 3. Accusing that ittle boy of breaking into a house was pure He is far too young to even think of it JUST 4 | often my students from taking a large number of Alevels because | believe they should focus on ‘two or three subjects. COURAGE TASK3 41. When all my friends went away on holiday, | thought at first that Id die of BORE 2 There has been a__improvement in Mario's behaviour during classes recently, probably because of the real threat of being expelled. NOTICE 3 Ws now clear that someone the ‘communication system on purpose about an hour after take-off and we lost contact with the control tower, ABLE 4 Lam pretty sure that women over 90 as they tend to live longer. NUMBER. men TASK 4 1. How can you believe that meeting Louise in Glasgow was, pure 21m sure she knew about our plans and followed us. COINCIDE 2 Some people are heavily on help from the state. They wouldn't be abie to survive without it. DEPEND 3. You would have thought that at the age of 24 he would know what he was doing, but he still seems quite for his age. MATURE 4 It took us months to choose the right music to the fashion show. COMPANY TASKS. 1. The police weren't sure about the exact at the march but their estimate showed at least 20.000 people had turned up, ATTEND 2 Eating five portions of fruit and vegetables a day has been, proved to have a effect on our health BENEFIT 3 Doctors told my dad that it was to plan asking holiday two weeks after a serious fall REASON 4 Unfortunately, the way the sale was advertised was ‘30 many customers felt cheated, LEAD TASK 6 11 There is no doubt that my is very different to what my parents’ childhood looked like. That's probably the reason why we quarrel so often. BRING 2 Many teenagers complain that instead of positive encouragement they mainly get criticism of their behaviour, which usually leads nowhere SENSE 3. My editor advised me to 2 few sections of my novel in order to make the ending less depressing, WRITE 4 Popular tourist destinations attract a large number of who hope to get mare money from holidaymakers. BEG Task 1. During the festival, which was attended by thousands of people, refuse _ worked day and night to keep the city lean, COLLECT 2. The architect suggested alterations which would make the conference rooms topeople in wheelchairs. ACCESS 3 | completely forgot about the potatoes and left them on. the stove for an hour. In the end they were incredibly and inedible. COOK 4 Due toa technical our fight was delayed by 3 hours, which meant we missed our train home. FAIL TASK 1 We called an ambulance because john lost when he felland bangedhishead on the table. CONSCIOUS 2 I'm not surprised your bag went missing ~ it was ‘of you to leave it unattended. FOOL 3 About 12 countries took part in the last ‘snooker competition. NATION 4 Having raised three children, | can tell you that you should never how resourceful little kids can be ESTIMATEUSE OF ENGLISH: Word Formation Read the sentences. Fill each gap with the word in bold, Change the form of the word where necessary. TASKS YY, 1 After the power cut. we couldn't get our TV set to work, 50 we called an ‘to see what had happened. ELECTRIC 2. The more | learn about nature, the more Hind it. MIRACLE 3. It's better to ask for assistance if you don't know how to_ the system because it's not a matter of pressing button. ACTIVE 4 Don't you think that leaving young children in a car on a hot day is rather and that such parents ‘should be somehow punished? RESPONSIBLE TASK 10 1 We were overwhelmed by my parents’ when they lent us a substantial amount of money to buy flat. GENEROUS 2 Dont you agree that entering a war zone was a decision? We could have died. RISK 3. Its a real skill to a dress or a skirt and to do it well. Making it shorter Is much easier. LONG 4 its to drive and text at the same time because It poses a serious threat to other road users, LEGAL TASK 11 1. |.am afraid we can’t proceed with your order without the _ ofthe manager, who is currently on holiday. APPROVE 2 Many animals tend to be early in the morning or late in the evening because they hide or sleep during the heat of the day. ACT 3 If they had taken the trouble to between them, they might still be together. CLEAR, 4 We were looking forward to reading her __ but unfortunately she died just before finishing it off. BIOGRAPHY things TASK 12, 11 Martin Luther King is known to have stood up against segregation and Jn the USA, RACE 2. It was only thanks to Holly's negotiations that we paid so little for that Persian carpet. SKILL. 3 We rushed to get home before the storm which we could see coming - the sky began to and we could hear some thunder in the distance. DARK 4 Lucy looked at Michael in total when he admitted he had no intentions of marrying her BELIEVE TASK 13 Yip 1 Its obvious that the local council and the citizens have to work in if they want to improve life in their area, PARTNER 2 I thought | could get a lot of money for the painting but it turned out to be completely __ WORTH 3. I dort think she liked my suggestion to the plot of her latest crime story. Well, she shouldn't have asked for my opinion if she can't take criticism. SIMPLE 4 The major problem with inexperienced workers is their _—_____ to fully understand. the strict safety Procedures we have in our factory. ABLE wy YW 1 In the past our local factories used to have hundreds of full-time Now most of them can't find any job, EMPLOY 2. There is nothing more from my point of view, than finding a spidar in the bathroom. TERROR 3. Having been stranded on a desert island for sic days without food or much water, we breathed a sigh of when we saw a rescue ship approaching us TASK 14 RELIEVE 4. There must have been some atthe meeting because Claire left it very abruptly without even saying. goodbye. UNDERSTAND Wi 1 How come the world's leading werent able to predict such a serious financial crisis? Didn't they spend months discussing it? ECONOMY 2. It's common for most twins to be virtually ___ as they feel a strong bond with each other. SEPARATE 3. After that terrible car crash the whole town ‘with the families who lost their children. SYMPATHY 4 Taking early. unemployed bust. RETIRE TASK 15, may save you from becoming the company you work for is likely to go TASK 16 pW. 1 The man who rescued a woman from drowning was awarded a medal for by the mayor. BRAVE 2 There are a few rules at a youth hostel ike respecting other people's privacy. WRITE 3. With easy access to all my contacts stored in my mobile phone, | dont ever try to phone numbers. MEMORY 4 The number of programmes in which can vote for the best performer has grown substantially. VIEWUSE OF ENGLISH: Gap Fill Read the text. Complete each gap by transforming one of the words from the table to create a coherent and logical text. NOTE: there are two extra words which do not match any gap. TASK Yyyy, TASK 4 (get ope [et [reach [wear [wet] WATERPROOF CLOTHING There's nothing worse than feeling biterly cold and wet, especially when you are sailing because the chances of 1 a warm and dry place quickly are usually pretty thin, However, there is good news, There have been nevi developments in the materials used to make waterproof clothes which 2. will put an end to the misery of thase who work outdoors in wet conditions The new fabric, which is made from polyester fibres with, some silicone elements, makes the clothes more wmater-repellent. Ic helos yau to keep warm and dry and can 3 comfortably for several days as it is very durable. Unlike previous designs, clothes made from this type of material do not leave you feeling hot and sticky even after a massive amount of action. The fabrics used allow the Clothes to breathe which means that excess 4 can escape while you stay warm and dy TASK2 (accept | dependent | enier STUDENT LIFE ‘As soon as my brother 1 by the university in a town 200 km anay from home, he had to decide whether to request university accommodation or share a flat with friends. He talked to otner people who had studied away from home and they all recommended 2 a fiat because of the greater freedom he would have. After moving, he embarked on a new life in which he suddenly became fully responsible for himself. The 3 is that at first | didn't believe he ‘would manage on his own for very long. | thought he would be coming home every weekend with loads of washing and the flat would end up really filthy. How surprised | was when, | went to visit him and realised that gaining 4 {rom our parents was doing him good. t made him a mature person able to cope with everydey chores perfectly well make (CabteTaisiract [get [manage | strong [take —] ‘AGOOD BOSS Since leaving schoo), | 1 on a number of short-term jobs, and | know how important itis to have the right sort of person directing your work. What | learnt is that a good boss must definitely be knowledgeable and bring energy tothe job. At the same time the person in charge must be abieto decide onimportantissueswithout2____ by other things. wnat's more, a responsible leader must be good at creating an environment in which others can shine. Employees need to be provided with feedback about what their 3 and weaknesses are and how to work (on therm so that they develop their full potential. | also think that what really matters is the 4 to bring people together and focus them on a common goal, Its definitely 4 real challenge to lead well but when it’s done properly it can be very rewarding for both employees and employers, TASKS bad broad | oo FAMILY HISTORY Tracing your ancestors canbe avery interesting hobby. But ifyou don’t go about it in a methodical way, it can also become. avery frustrating ona because people get Svents ited up or lose important documents, To begin with, write down all the names, dates of births and 1 ofall the farily members you or your relatives can remember, After you have collected all the data it might be worth 2 inquries mn the parishes where your ancestors ved, The Gocuments kept tere might ge you 3 3 picture of your family, And you may find something surpriang When | began exploring my family’s past, | found out that one Of my relatives was 3 nctorious pate |stikremember feeling Bila when I read about it because, as far 8S | knew, everybody in my family had worked in the police forces or in court for generations. Obviously, not everybody! dream |_make ame TASKS 3 a - _ (ao have [ke take [taste [weak (“big coliect [influence | keep [tong [ take NATIONAL VEGETARIAN WEEK DICTIONARIES Dictionaries - whether on paper or online ~ are one of the ‘most important tools for learning vocabulary. “A Dictionary of the English Language’, published in 1755, is stil regarded as an incredibly authoritative and, 1 reference book. Surprisingly, this dictionary was the work of one man, Samuel Johnson. Defining the meanings of some 40.000 words 2 him busy for about seven years! Nowadays, most dictionaries are put together by teams of lexicographers who work from a large 3. of written and spoken examples, which is known a5 a corpus. ‘The authors also have to refer to articles and books about language and they need to ask experts in particular subjects about more specialised words and expressions. ‘Although contemporary work is done more quickly than in the pastyitis stil a 4. process which requires 2 great deal of time and effort. When | was challenged by my friendto become avegetarian during National Vegetarian Week, | 1 aback by the fact that such an event existed at all, as |had never heard about it before. At first, | thought that my friend had made 2a mistake because | was a devout meat eater, who wasn'tused 2 much else on a plate apart from porkor beef. Infact, [couldn't imagine life without a dally portion of meat. was aiso afraid that | would be eating 3 veggies all the time. When the time came, I received tempting daily recipes and some tips on how to get the most from a briliant meat-free lifestyle. My diet included a wide variety of fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds and whole grain and dairy products quite ‘what | had been used to before. It was ‘great Experience and now I'm enjoying fruit and vegetables, more.USE OF ENGLISH: Gap Fill Read the text. Complete each gap by transforming one of the words from the table to create a coherent and logical text. NOTE: there are two extra words which do not match any gap. TASK7 TASK 10 UW c advice [arise [common] right | spend | view HAGGLING Markets 1 in ancient times wherever people needed co sell the goods they produced. For many cerituries themain way oftrading was by barter, which meant exchanging, ‘goods. Nowadays such practices are rather 2 since people prefer o pay for their purchases with money In mary corners of the world people are still expected to haggle Defore completing a purchase. The customer and the seller will agree on a price, but only after what can often be a heated debate. | can remember 3. a whole day negotiting the price for a single corpet in istanbul, Dut it \w@s worth It: the original price had been over £600, and! got, itfor a mere £200! Obviously, you should be aware thet market traditions vary in different countries, and in some places haggling is an important part of the process of Buying an item, while in others it would be 4. ‘not to even atternptit [aceuratel do | make [modify | paint [ represent _] ‘THE LONDON UNDERGROUND MAP The London Underground map is a real icon of the city The layout of the map is very original because it provides a clear 1. of a very complex network. The man behing the design was Henry Beck, an employee of the London Underground Drawing Office, who first carne up with his design for the map in 1931 and whose original scheme 2 several times so far to incorporate changes tothe network Up until 193, the underground map for London had been rather messy and confusing. And although it was praised for its geographic 3, it was not easy to understand. ‘The new map was an enormous success with the public when it 4____its frst appearance on the underground platforms in 1933, The map may not seem very simple and, easy to understand streight away, but once you've got to grips ‘with it, you will see that i's incredibly handy, TASK 8 (rasa Y)wW. (creative [encourage let [present] see | wew ] [accuse | be | come | except | take | think ] PERFORMING NOW AND THEN. ‘Asa child | remember 1 totry out my performing. skils, first for the benefit of my parents and grandparents, later fora larger audience. When | got to Year 5 or 6 of primary school, we were taken to see different forms of entertainment such as theatre, opera, ballet and even circus. We looked forward to these outings with great excitement. 2 the performances, we would discuss what we liked and disliked about them for hours on end. Those kinds of activities helped us develop our imagination and 3, which then allowed some to become actors or performers. Butnowadays we livein theageoftelevisionand computers - they produce an endless stream of entertainment which is always available. The ever-present TV set or computer also mean that 4 rarely see artists performing live, 50 the pleasure of witnessing something very special is gone. TASK Ly DREAMS Dreams seem 1 a source of fascination ‘and inspiration for pedpie for thousands of years. However, as their appearance is quite mysterious, many often ask themselves what a dream is or why we dream at all. Recently a team of scientists studying the subject 2. up ‘with some interesting conclusions, For a start, although most of ele cont remember their dreams ered witout dreams. The scientists also claim that dreams can have a practical value in reprocessing the events of the previous day, as they often include a series of images, 4____and emotions which have been experienced doring that day. However, some dreams are rather vague and it is hard to make sense of them, So it’s a good idea to keep ‘a pen and paper by your bed so that you can write them down when they occur. TASK 12, (Cable T-apply [credible [require | see] ‘THE BOSTON MARATHON, Running is @ popular activity and hundreds of new enthusiasts can 4 jogging along the streets of ‘towns all over the world every day. More and more people of different shapes, sizes and 2. are also taking to running marathons. As @ result. each year the number of runners completing the challenge of running the full 42 km of the course is growing The Boston Marathon is the oldest and most prestigious race in the United States, so even for veteran runners, the run is a lifelong, goal. Those 3 to take part in it must qualify with a time based on their age and gender in another marathon run in the previous 78 months. After the 2013 bombing of the Boston Marathon, in which 264 people were injured and some killed, all the next runs will probably be 4___ meaningful and emotional ones for both runners and spectators, wide] (agree Tend] keep Town | permit [take] CHRISTIAN THE LION In the summer of 1969 two young Australians, John Rendall and Anthony “Ace” Bourke, bought a lion cub from the Harrods department store in London. They called. him Christian. in those days buying large wild animals from a shop. or 4. wild pets for walks wasn't regarded as an extravagance, They kepthiminaflatin London, thenin ahouse in the countryside, unt they asked the Kenyan authorities for, 2 to take it to Kenya, After several months of bureaucratic battle and having persuaded George Adamson, an expert on lions, to try to introduce Christian into the wil, ‘they flew the cub to his new home in Africa. If it hadn't been for their persistence, Christian 3 Up in 2200 oF a circus living a very miserable if, In 2008 a young American student rediscovered ‘the footage of the 1971 reunion between Christian and his former 4, he clip instantly became an internet hit and its been viewed over 10 million times.USE OF ENGLISH: Sentence Transformation Using the word given, complete the second sentence in each question so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Do not change the word given. Use up to six words, including the word given, TASK 1 YH 1. Over the next year the city council will bulld a few new houses. BUILT This time next year the city council afew new houses, 2 Doctors believe that the patient was infected with the disease through blood transfusions. HAVE The patient is with the disease ‘through biood transfusions. 3. Don't shout at the dog; itjust wants to play with you. ALL Dor't shout at the dog; play with you. 4 Our friends say that our son is a younger version of his grandfather - they look so alike! AFTER Our friends say that = they look’so alike! grandfather TASK 2 1. You will get certificate but you have to complete the ‘course frst. UNTIL You wor't get a certificate the course. 2 It wasn't necessary for you to wait for me. | know how to get to your place. NEED You me. | know how to get to your place. 3. After a long and heated discussion, the staff managed topersuade the council not to shut down the youth centre. SUCCEEDED. After a long and heated discussion, the staff not to shut down the youth centre, 4 | was incredibly angry when my ex-boyfriend appeared at the party uninvited. UP | was incredibly angry when my ex-boyfriend ‘uninvited. TASK3 1 “I believe | am a charming person’, Matthew said CONSIDERS Matthew person. 2. Asusual, Mary's father told her to lay the table for dinner, MADE ‘As usual, Mary's father 3 Unfortunately, we sold fewer craft supplies than we ‘expected last weekend, AS Unfortunately, we didn't sell expected last weekend, 4 It was quite an upsetting moment when they used ‘explosives to demolish the old brigge. UP It was quite an upsetting moment when the old bridge for dinner, TASKS 1 ‘Why don't we organise the reception in the garden?’ suggested joan. WE Joan suggested the reception in the garden. 2. You should learn how to operate the dishwasher. HIGH It how to operate the dishwasher. 3. The jewellery was so gorgeous that he decided to buy it for his bride-to-be. THAT twas bride-to-be. he decided to buy it for his 4 | only found this article by chance while | was looking through the paper. ACROSS ‘only through the paper. accident while | was looking TASKS 1. Ourparents always took us for a welkalong the pier during ‘our summer holidays, WOULD ‘Our parents pier during our summer holidays. 2. The police say that the robbers probably stole the painting by mistake as they thought it was very valuable. MAY ‘According to the police, the painting mistake, in the belief that it was for 2 walk along the very valuable. 3 Asyou get older, your eyesight deteriorates. WORSE The ‘your eyesight becomes, 4 Mary, can you come and smell these prawns? | don't think theyre edible any more. GONE Mary, can you come and smell thes®: prawns? | think TASK6 1. You'd better ask your lawyer to prepare the contract for you. HAVE | think you should you. 2 Graham falled because he didnt study long enough. PASSED Graham he had studied more, 3 My friend wrote this song. It's so moving that it always makes me cry. AUTHOR The song, always makes me cry. 4. David and Betty had the same interests and hobbies so it ‘was natural that they became good friends immediately. HIT David and Betty had the same interests and hobbies so it was natural that they Immediately. the contract for is so moving that itUSE OF ENGLISH: Sentence Transformation Using the word given, complete the second sentence in each question so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Do not change the word given. Use up to six words, including the word given. TASK7 UY 1. “Ididn’t take your laptop”, he said to me. DENIED He . 2. We had no idea it was a fancy-dress party, So we wore our regular clothes, LITTLE it was a fancy-dress party, so we ‘wore our regular clothes. 3. Allthe other designshe's produced were far more complex than this one. THE This design ever produced. 4. As we were driving in thick fog, it was impossible to see ‘exactly where we were, MAKE ‘As we were driving in thick fog, we were. ‘exactly where we were, of all of those he's TASKS. 1. You should have made sure Chris fitted locks on all the doors before he left. GOT You should before he left. 2. Andy won't help us anyway so why should | talk to him ‘about our problem? USE —__ to Andy about our problem. He ‘won't help us anyway. 3. We needed to leave early because we didn’t want to miss the beginning of the performance. AS We left early the beginning of the performance. 4 Unfortunately, they had to cancel the match because it was raining. OFF Unfortunately, the match had to the rain locks on all the doors TASKS 1. twas my frst visit to the USA and | know Il be going there again soon. TIME It was the first know Il be going there again soon. 2 It's possible that Mark won't get to the hotel in &me for Junch, so he should take a snack with him, CASE Mark should take a snack with him just {to the hotel in time for lunch, 3. The weather was terrible, but they went skydiving. SPITE They the terrible weather, ___ to the USA and 4 | couldr't wait to see my best friend after his long sailing expecition. LOOKING ' my best friend after his tong sélling expedition. TASK 10 YW. 11 shouldn't have given up parachuting when | was in my thirties. WISH 1 up parachuting when | was in my thirties 2. | don’t think we should ask Angie to run the charity auction ~ she will only make 3 mess of it. POINT There ‘Angie to run the charity auction ~ she will only make a mess of it 3. It's really important that you speak to the principal immediately, WHAT ‘speak tothe principal immediately 4. Im afraid the old tree may collapse so | think we should ask somebody to remove it soon. CUT. Ym afraid the old tree may collapse so | think it ‘soon. TASK 11 YW 1. My stepbrother has a very irritating habit of playing loud music in the evening. ALWAYS My stepbrother in the evening. 2. Please, don’t ask me any questions about my inheritance. RATHER ' me any questions about my inheritance. 3 My head feels lke it's made of lead. THOUGH My head made of lead, 4 ifyou don't know how to sort things out on the computer, you can always ask Tom for help. TURN If you don't know how to sort things out on the computer, you for help, Task 12 Ys 4 fmnotsure fl unplugged theron. REMEMBER I theron 2 Leaving the company was a terrible mistake of mine. | regret it every day. ONLY ____ the company. tt was a terrible mistake. 3. There isnt a single person among the delegates who wants to stay n that hotel overlooking the dump. NONE — stay in that hotel overlooking the dump 4 Once the decorating Is finished, you'l be very welcome to stay with us any time you want or need. PUT Once the decorating is finished, well be happy to _____ any time you want or need.USE OF ENGLISH: Open Cloze Read the text. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word. TASK THE WRONG CLOTHES My ftiend’s wedding reception wes definitely 3 memorable event for me, Expecting a lavish party, | bought a fabulous, evening dress with 2 pair of shoes to 1 ‘was terribly determined to make a good impression and | felt it ‘was important to be dressed properly for such an occasion, ‘On the big day, | turned up at the hotel where the reception was 2. held. | knew | looked gorgeous. However, the moment | stepped into the reception room, | couldn't believe my eyes. 3. was wearing any formal clothes. The guests were dressed in Hawaiian shirts and skirts or shorts with garlands of flowers around their necks. Hooked at the invitation again and realised that | hadr’t read it properly. 4. the bottom of the invitation, in small print, the hosts clearly stated what type of clothes we were expected to be wearing on that occasion TASK2 COLOUR YOUR HOME When we think about doing 1 our home, we usually concentrate on the furniture, carpets and curtains, bbut we tend to ignore the need to choose suitable colours for the walls in 2. of the rooms of the house. Mostinterior designers agree thatthe choice of colours should always be the starting point when it comes to decorating. But they also say that since the days of having so 3, choice are gone, making the right decision which colour to choose for which space seems an incredibly diffcutt thing to do. That’s why, before you attempt to Gecorate any of the walls, you 4, better learn some basic rules. For example, red is good for a dining-room; but if you use itin the bedroom, it may actually stop you from sleeping, Another example might be to apply yellow to cheer a place Up. especially one that doesnt get much sunlight TASK3 yy YW [ACHOCOLATE TASTER Being a chocolate taster sounds ike a dream job, especially for a chocoholic like me. 1 1 probably enjoy staying at work all day long if ry job just consisted of tasting, chocolate every single day. So what do you need to become 2 taste? The job hardly requires any formal qualifications but many tasters usually obtain a university 2, such as a BSc or MSc in food technology. They attend many ‘workshops to develop their skills. However, you can’t do the Job effectively 3 you have an acute sense of taste and smell as they are crucial in assessing the product. Large companies hove several tasters whose job is to taste the chocolate in 4 to determine whether it's too bitter or too sweet and also to comment on texture and the visual impression. So, if you think you'te good at tasting different favours, you might be wise to consider it as a career TASK 4 TWINS It was great fun having an identical twin sister at school. We used to dress in the same way, which 4 ur teachers feel cross because they would mix us up and we rarely bothered to correct them. On the other 2____ we were never that harmonious at home. As very Independent girls, we used to argue at least once a day and wé even had fights with 3 __ other. We exhibited the worst behaviour on our birthday and at Christmas, Most people either bought us identical presents lf one to share between us and It used to infuriate us. Once we even told our aunt that we would 4 have received no present than the same one. It took us a long time to understand that we shouldn't have behaved like that. We all laugh at it now but then we were dead serious about that problem. TASKS HITTING THE JACKPOT A couple of years ago a dear friend of 4 won the lottery. As it happened, we had bought our lottery tickets, together but | wasn‘ as lucky a8 Kate. AS soon as | found out that she had hit the jackpot, I rang Kate to congratulate her 2 winning quite alarge amount of money. At frst, she didn’t want anybody to know about it and she insisted on me accompanying her to pick up the cheque. When we arrived, there were loads of reporters and she agreed to 3. her photo taken, which later ‘appeared In all the tabloids. Since then, she has received hundreds of begging letters which really get her down. Her life is a bit easier now but | know she stil 4 she had kept her privacy, TASKE ‘A PERFECT CAMPSITE | car't Imagine a summer holiday without spending at least 2 couple of weeks camping in North Wales. Every single year Hook 1 to escaping problems at work and other everyday preoccupations. | always stay on a small campsite 2 is run by a family of farmers. The charm of this place is not that it provides all kinds of tourist attractions. It doesnt, On the contrary, the local way of life is authentically simple and relaxing. As soon as you arrive, you feel as 3. youre far away from the madding crowo and you know you ‘would lke to stay there forever. The campsite is set in 2 beautiful rural setting. it has its 4. fishing lake and easy access to the woods. The owners are extremely friendly and they always give newcomers a very warm welcome,USE OF ENGLISH: Open Cloze Read the text. Fillin the gaps with a suitable word, TASK7 KARAOKE For people 1__ me, who definitely car’t sing but really love trying, there is one answer ~ karaoke. This form of entertainment originated in Japan, where people generally enjoy picking 2 ‘a microphone and singing after work of at parties. Howaver, in recent years, it has gained in popularity around the world. So, why did karaoke become so popular in the first place? Because it gives people3____unique chance to sing ‘well-known songs without the lead vocal, but with the lyrics displayed on a screen. The changing colours indicate which ‘words you should be singing at any particular time. Whenever | am invited to a party, | always ask the host 4 theyre planning entertainment known as "karaoke session”. Whenever the answer is"yes",| make sure tobe there. Iknow Icar't sing, but | can‘t resist the temptation todo it! TASK 8 HOW FAR CAN YOU THROW YOUR MOBILE? Ifyou have ever feta desire to dispose of your mobile phone, you should try it____the Mobile Phone Throwing, World Championships, held annually in Finland. You can present yourself individually or try your luck with two other people. Depending on the category you're in, there are different rules and you are judged 2. ‘on distance or general performance, One of the most important things to remember is that you must 3, step over the throwing area and the phone must land within the throwing area. Otherwise. the jury may disqualify the throw or the contestant. The competition is described as a modern Finnish sport 4. philosophy, according to the organisers, is spiritual freedom from being available all the time. | guess that with our constant need to use a mobile phone, i's ag000 idea to "throw it away” from time to time. TASK SCIENCE MUSEUM, Ive always been 1___ science, especially space exploration, So when heard that anew science museym had been opened by @ group of astronauts, | dicin't hesitate ancl | visited its webpage to check what kind of exhibitions had been put together. Their description sounded 2 fantastic that | booked a ticket straightaway to make sure would not spend any precious time queuing at the ticket office. Having got to the museum, | rushed to the department of space exploration. To my mind, it was the best place to be and {coud finally experience what the ob of eal astronauts Then, in the section about the Earth, | saw afm Saas eas ral tose tered an vis geyser oe 14, no doubt that such exhibitions make people realise how powerful our planet is and in effect it helps them respect our globe, m sure Il be back there soon, TASK 10, Wh CANINE INTELLIGENCE Research on canine intelligence has proved that dogs are brighter than was previously thought, Not 4 are they brilliant at reading human expressions and body language, but also at interpreting them. Apparently, they are much better at it than even chimpanzees, which are 2 closest relatives. In fact, some dogs are able to understand up to 250 words, signs or signals. Scientists believe that 3. was taming and domesticating dogs that have helped these special abilities, to evolve. For example, it has been proved that dogs can be trained to perform complex tasks. Tests have shown that they con a0 court up 0 fe. The most ntligant breeds ‘said to be Border Collies and retrievers, (ravens Tourds and terriers =the least. They just bak a everything, TASK 11 IDENTITY THEFT If somebody asked you to name the most valuable treasure you possess, 1___ would you say it was? Most ‘would probably mention some personal belongings, but it's ‘our personal information which should be most treasured and, therefore, securely protected. The problem of identity theft is not a completely new phenomenon but 2___now it hasn't been widely discussed or even fully explained. Indeed, people have pretended to be other people throughout the centuries but ‘now itis possible to collect our data in a much 3 efficient way. One reason why criminals can get hold of our personal information is the fact that people tend to be quite Careless about their personal data. Some throw out bank statements and offical letters vith their normal rubbish To make 4 worse, some use websites which are not protected properly or share information about themselves oniine, TASK 12, ACLOSE CALL The night before the worst day of my life 1 had been terrible wind and heavy rain so I knew we would be busy removing debris and fallen branches and pumping the water out of people's basements. 2, I oidnit expect though was that it would be me who would have to be rescued on that shift. Early in the morning, my team was called to check a building that seemed to have moved because of the rain, The building looked quite safe from the outside and we went inside to3. a better look. And then the building started collgpsing around me. | remember falling and when | woke up | realised that | was trapped. Waiting for help seemed an eternity, but when | heard familar voices and saw dim lights, my face lit up with happiness 4. my body was aching all over.USE OF ENGLISH: Sentence Formation ‘Complete the questions using the words in brackets in the correct form. Do not change the order of the given words. Ifnecessary, add other words to get logical and grammatically correct sentences. NOTE: complete each gap with up to six words, including the words given. TasK1 1 Jeremy (olways / talk / himself) which annoys me a lot. 2 The young boy (think steal) = froma local grocery for a long time but the footage from CCTV dide't provide any evidence. 3 Donityou think we should have a snack before we go just (cose /they ‘not / give) us dinner after all? 4. Doyou realise that the weather (ikely/ change) the worse tomorrow? TASK2 1 ts ages / ride) ‘a scooter sod love to go with you for alittle spin. 2. And (suppose / Carol/not/ come) meet you, what would you have done? to 3. Just a couple of hours ago the police confirmed that (woman / hit) a baseball bat but they still havervt found out who did it. 4 Imso glad you rang, | (about /call/ you) _—_"_ myself tofind out more about the sailing holiday. TASK3 11 What an appalling smell What on earth (you /do) the last few hours? 2. Matilda wor't listen to anybody anyway, 50 | guess (no fuse /try) to talk her out of buying a riew digital camera. 3 I'm pretty sure itl be ages before I (get / accustom /ive) insuch a hot climate, 4 Why don't you have Richard (organise / Gina / mum) birthday party? He's really excellent at ith TASK 4 1 When we met. | (already run) _ the café for six years. 2. Are you telling me that (be /worth / write) _—_—____0 the council about the condition of the road? 3 Judging by Emiy's excellent results in her A-levels, she (ust /study) for weeks before the exam 4 The soup tasted (though / somebody / add) ‘too much garlic. TASKS, 1. Iwon't have time to pick mum up from the airport so! wes wondering (ou /do)___ that for me. 2 We won't get in without an invitation as (bound / be) guards checking the guest list. 3. Marion lost her sight at the age of five as a result of an accident but she seems to (get / wok) around the city with a white stick 4. tfwe (suppose /not / leave) the hotel, how can we get to the conference? TASKS 11 My mother keeps (suggest /1/not/ study) nursing because i's a very demanding profession. 2. If we hadn't missed the plane, (we/ lie) = ‘sandy beach by now. 3. Mygrandparents (use / ik / deliver) to their doorstep, but it doesn't Rappen now. 4 if you're struggling with insomnia, why don't you (try / take /pils) __help you sleep?” TASKT 1 We saw a beautiful picture in the gallery on Sunday, but when we went back on Monday it was gone, 50 we guess. (it/ must / sell) 2. (know / dangerous / oreo) nas, we decided to stay indoors, 3 | get really irritated by those people who get an buses (if /nobody /else/ exist) and just barge their way through. 4 Hopefully, our team (succeed / qualify) for the finals one day. TASK 8 1. You (need / not / prepare) lavish meal because we've already eaten, 2 When Rob went to live abroad, ne had to acquire the language (adaition / learn / drive on the right, 3. tfonly | (not / buy can) __wihich you recommended ~ it costing us a fortune now. sucha 4 The lecturer started with a general introduction to the ‘course and (0 on / talk) tr assignments,USE OF ENGLISH: Sentence Formation Complete the questions using the words in brackets in the correct form. Do not change the order of the given words. I necessary, add other words to get logical and grammatically correct sentences. NOT! six words, including the words given. TASK 9 1. The manager (ought /not /erticise) —___Lesley in front ofthe others. Buthe rarely behaves appropriate 2 Weren't you aware that taking (job / mean / move) the States? 3 The streets look really dirty. | wish (people /not/throw/ ater wherever they fel ke it 4 1(pot/walk along) that pavement if| were you~ some paving slabs are missing {and it becomes a dirt trackin 200 metres. TASK 10 11 However easy it may seem, you (better / nat / attempt) nee 0 diving on your own. 2. Christie (not/mind /ask)___ todo ‘some extra work at weekends. She rarely goes away. 3 Iwould rather (you /nor / disappear, saying good-bye last night. It Upset me very much 4 Doyou think the/ let/1/ take) day off tomorrow? TASK 11 4. There was no swimming pool at my old school, so we (not /use /do) ___any water sports. But we played tennis instdid 2 He wor't talk to jennifer (unless / she / apologise) her behaviour first 3. Iwish (we/ not /sie) now. 4 The flight wes delayed by some technical problems, (mean /we/ have) _ 3 three-hour wait, And because of that, we missed the last coach home from the airport. right here TASK 12 1 When exactly (be/ news / broadcast) ? And could you tell us where you were at the time? 2 Last week Sarah (advise /1/ not /pay) = 100 much attention to James! remarks. 3 Their rabbit was so aggressive that (it /have /be/ lock) ____in its cage. 4 guess it’s about time I did a driving course - (not /know / drive) limits the job offers. : complete each gap with up to TASK 13 1. The building collapsed while (personnel /be / evacuate) 2. My grandma always (insist /1/ sample) at least one piece of each of the ‘cakes she makes for me at Christmas. 3 (bes t/fout)____ halfway through the journey home? 4 On our way out we (hear / Claudia / practise) __for her music competition. it was 3 real pleasure because of her fantastic voice. the car broke down TASK 14 1. The police (believe /follow) suspects at this very moment, 2 You must not hesitate to contact us (you /require / further) formation about the vacancy. 3. During my last dental appointment | (forbid /from/ eat) sweets because of the possibility of decay 4 Tomwondered (he shall /replace) his old computer or not. TASK 15, 41 Would you believe that in afew minutes’ time we / be this coach for 24 hours? 2. George's parents abandoned him when he was tiny so (rothing /knon). his past. 3. Jeremy's parents (want /he stud) medicine rather than philosophy but he wasn't keen on that at all 4 The supervisor complained to //Jenny /abways /fail to meet deadlines. TASK 16 11 Wed describe our friend Philip as a bit self-centered and bossy because he ((ove /iisten) and he rarely takes “no’ for an answer, 2. If Lesley had had time, she (buy /son) a gift. Instead, she just gave him ‘ash to choose something himself 3. Was itwhile you (boler / install) that you discovered a problem with the pipes? 4. There are only four houses in my street, (al build in the 1960sUSE OF ENGLISH: Mini Test 1 TASK1 ‘OPEN CLOZE Read the text. Complete each gap with one word. ‘THE COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS The Commonwealth of Nations is an organisation which consists 1 53 member states. All of them used to be British colonies and, in fact, the organisation was created in 1949, when the colonies started gaining independence from Britain The member states don't have any legal obligation to each other. They are, though, united by culture, history and, of course, language as 2, ____as by basic principles and values: democracy, human rights and the rule of law. The head of the Commonwealth is the Queen but her position is rather symbolic so, after her death, her successor 3 be chosen by the Commonwealth leaders. Apart from political involvement in the affairs of the member states, the organisation is also well-known for the Commonwealth Games, a sporting event held 4. __four years. What's interesting about the Games is some of the sports played there, They include Lawn Bowls and Rugby Sevens. ara TASK2 SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Using the words given in capitals, rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. Do not ‘change the form of the given words. NOTE: complete each gap with up to six words, including the word given. 1. They are delivering my new dishwasher on Tuesday. HAVING on Tuesday. 2. “Why don't you sit next to me?" Mark asked Kate. INVITED Mato 3. {tis important to remember to complete this form in block letters. FILLED This form should inblock letters 4 Why is this place visited by so many tourists? POPULAR ‘What makes ee so many tourists? "7 TasK3, WORD FORMATION Fill each gap with the word in bold. Change the form of the word where necessary. 1 The (SIMPLE) of style and her classical elegance made Audrey Hepburn the icon of Holly noo. 2. Inorder to avoid stress when moving house, it’s vitalto hire a professional_ (MOVE) company. 3. There are plans to build the third runwayto_(ABLE) a bigger number of planes to land, 4 Ben's (MANIPULATE) personality got him a fairly high position in the management of the company. 4 [rota nzUSE OF ENGLISH: Mini Test 2 TASK 4 WORD FORMATION Read the text. Fill each gap with the word in bold. Change the form of the word where necessary. VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS It seems that vocational schools are geining in popularity again. Many young people don't know what their 1 (PERSON) talents are and, as a result, they choose this type of a school to give themselves time to make decisions about their future, At the same time, they gain the 2, (QUALIFY) necessary to do a particular job. ‘One advantage of vocational schools is that you can get extra certificates and diplomas that will show an employer what kind of skills you have acquired. Another benefit of attending such a school is that they usually have 3. (EXCEL) connections with local businesses and industries. These businesses would often prefer to employ a 4, (TRAIN) who they have got to know rather than somebody who hasn't done an apprenticeship with them. In this way both parties know what they are getting and a young employee is likely to be encouraged to train further. a TASK2 SENTENCE FORMATION Complete the questions using the words in brackets in the correct form. Do not change the order of the given words. Ifnecessary, add other words to get logical and grammatically correct sentences, NOTE: complete each gap with up to six words, including the words given. 1 | was very surprised when the customs officer (demand / know). which suitcase was mine, The room (seem / renovate) only recently. It looked so fresh this software! It makes my computer annoyingly slow. 2 3. If only | (know /how /uninstol) 4 Buying health insurance (let/ user//ower)_________ their medical expenses, aa) TASK3 ‘SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Using the words given in capitals, rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, Do not ‘change the form of the givewords. NOTE: complete each gap with up to six words, including the word given. 1. Kevin is fond of paragliding, isn't he? INTO Kevin 2 You won't make further progress wichout outside help. SOMEBODY Unless. you won't make further progress. 3. Itwas impossible to reach the mountain lodge due to heavy snow falls. cur The mountain lodge heavy snow falls. 4 "Don't expect much from him,” she told me. Not She warned from him a [Tora nzZNO PRACTICE: Listening Listen to the speakers. For questions 1-3 choose the correct answer A, B or C. You will listen to each recording twice. mask 1) 2 3 What pets Ann getting? ‘ ne S WwWZNO PRACTICE: Listening | Listen to the speakers, For questions 1-3 choose the correct answer A, B or C. You will listen to each recording twice. 1 What embarrassed john’ 3. What Mom does NOT have to buy? voll masea (AQ 4. What did Anna buy’ 3. Where are the document mE)ZNO PRACTICE: Listening Listen to the speakers. For questions 1-3 choose the correct answer A. B or C. You will listen to each recording twice. TASKS 1 What disadvantages does Dad NOT mention? A the high price of studies B the long hours C the difficulties of getting the job 2 What is true about work in the café, according to Kevin? ‘A He earns good money. B Some customers are generous. € lt'san easy job. 3. What does Phil NOT complain about? Aa dark room Baleaking tap Cabad smell TASK6 11 What kind of films does Tom like? ‘A comedies and horror stories B cartoons and horror stories C comedies and cartoons 2. What did Ben like about the new shopping centre? Aasale B goods changing rooms 3. What does julia complain about? Aloud music B lack of privacy living condition Listen to the text. For statements 1-5 choose Tif the statement is true according to the text, to the text twice. wis Eh 1. You can visit Antarctica only during November-March period, 2. Ittakes about 20 hours to get from New York to Antarctica, 3. The best way to get from Argentina to Antarctica is by water. 4 Anaverage price for the trip to Antarctica is around § 5.000. 5. Aseatrip to Antarctica is similar to a Caribbean cruise. TASK7 11 What does Anna NOT want Jane to do? Agoona diet B dosports Ceat less sugar 2 What does john want Kevin to do? Ahelp him tidy the flat B listen to more music C make the bed 3. What did Lora NOT pay for? Aabag Ba purse Ca jumper sin’ 11 What has Peter bought for his girlfriend? Aa phone B nothing Ca scarf and a hat 2 What's the problem with the shirt? Alt’s too big B The colour is not bright. C It’s not blue. 3 What is NOT mentioned about York? A It has historic places. B's got the oldest street in Europe. C It was founded by Scandinavian tribes. tenZNO PRACTICE: Listening Listen to the text. For statements 1-5 choose Tif the statement is true according to the text, F i to the text twice. wo teens, who tried to run away with the lacy’s purse, were stopped. ‘The police were called, but no one was arrested. {tornado imprisoned kids and teachers inside of the nursery school building. 31 people helped rescue the kids. The police pulled the woman and the child out of icy water. raaced All schoolchildren buy takeaway for thelr lunch once a week Half of secondary schoolchildren have 3 or more snacks a day. According to the survey many kids like eating heelthy food. We should teach our kids the principles of nutrition and cooking Parents are the only ones who can teach kids about food and nutrition. 1 Pilots use specific manoeuvres in case of difficult weather conditions. Pilots deliberately direct the aircraft into the crosswind when landing, Wind shear can influence the turbulence Pilots are not allowed to land in a different city. High winds can sometimes make your plane fly faster. is false. Youwill listen WWMM F MMs MMM FZNO PRACTICE:Listening Listen to the speakers. For questions 1-5 choose the correct answer A, B or C. You will isten to the recording twice. asks Gis) TASK 13, 1 What might cause a headache? Agood weather Ba thunderstorm C rapid decrease in barometric pressure 2 What was the main trigger for headaches, found by the research? ‘Aa rise in temperature the day before Ba rise in temperature in the following 24 hours C fais in pressure in the previous days 3 According to Kenneth Mukamal the environment around us can influence __ Aa lot of people 1B 18% of people C every tenth person 4 Migranes are bad for economy because _ ‘Ayoung people miss days at work B old people cannot work Cit’ bad for environment 5 What doctors might be able to do about the headaches? A tell you how to avoid weather related triggers B cure headaches with drugs stop the effects from appearing, using medication TASK 14 1 What was the aim of one of the biggest food trends of 2018? A protect turtles B promote hashtags Cuse less plastic straws 2 What is the exact number of plastic straws, used in the US every day? 4500 million B 100 million Cwe don't know 3. Which companies are eliminating/replacing plastic straws? Starbucks, Walmart, Apple B ikea, Alaska Airlines, Starbucks ikea, Apple, McKesson 4 Whyare straws blamed for leading to the use of other disposable plastic? AThey aren't very expensive. B People usually use them more than once. They change culture, 5) Dune Ives claims the straw ban movement is about __ Areal straw B making people think more widely C developing fast-food culture 1 Aspace probe collects information B gathers scientists C chooses data When did the US send their own space probe? Ain October 1957 B in 17 days from October 1957 Cin 17 weeks from Octaber 1957 When did the rovers first successfully land on Mars? 81963 B2014 1976 What has happened to Voyager 1 and 2? A They‘e flying to sun. B They're stil gathering and transmitting data C They landed on Mars, Why are we probing space? Ato find away to earn more money B to please Stephen Hawking to find an alternative place to live wate GY 1 Why do new places get an existing name with the word, ‘new’ added to it? ‘APeaple lack imagination. B People miss that old place. € People want to honour the original place. What's the official language of the country? Maori BDutch English Where could the Dutch expedition have landed if they had missed New Zealand? Ain Argentina Bin Antarctica Cin Netherlands What geographical places have been named after the explorer Tasman? ‘Aasea ang an island Ba country and an island Ca sea anda continent How did Captain Cook help New Zealand get its modern name? ‘AHe gave ita different name. B He gave it the more English-friendly spelling, C He gave it back its original nameZNO PRACTICE: Reading Read the texts below. Match choices A-H to the texts 1-5. There are three choices you do not need to use, TASK1 Ys Moving abroad - here's how to do it! YY 1 ‘There i§ a common misconception that moving abroad is an ‘escape from work, family and adulthood in general. That's perfectly okay, but know this — living in a new place will not make you anew person, There will be umes when you wish you could go back to your old 8 to 5, Sure, moving abroad has a certain glamour to it, but the truth is that it’s regular life with a whole lot more paperwork 2 For expats in most parts ofthe world, visas are an unfortunate bbut necessary fact oflife. As soon as you decide which country youre moving (0, research the relevant visa laws. I's best 10 do this at least three months prior, as bureaucracy can take quite some time. Obtaining a visa wil likely involve contacting, the countrys consulate in your area and putting down a large ‘administration fee. For countries with particularly complicated visa laws (such as China}, you right consider using 3 visa ‘agency, though this will increase the cost significantly “The only thing worse than getting sick in a foreign country Is Rot having insurance when it happens. Some countries even, require that you buy health insurance before they'l issue your visa. If you're lucky, your company will insure you, but don’t wait for them. Get traveller's insurance before you leave, and cancel it when your company's health insurance kicks in 4 Going to a place where you don't speak the local language? Learn it! Learning a foreign language opens more doors than you can possibly imagine, and it also shows respect for your ew home. English will help you get by in many places, but don't be the guy who makes no effort because you're lazy. Sign up for night classes, take 2 free course online or sit down ‘with a language exchange partner a few days a week, and youl go from "Ni hao" to “Nichi fan le ma?* in no time, 5. It hard to hire avan and a team of movers when youre going from London to Buenos Aires. Although it's tempting to bring along that vintage night stand you inherited from Uncle Noel, it's best to stick with items you can easily pack in a suitcase: clothes and toiletries to get you started, a few books, maybe 4a poster or two. Look up the baggage requirements of the airline you're flying with, and try to stick to that, You won't believe how much of what you own is not truly necessary when it comes down to it. ‘A | Make sure you take precautions in case you get ill 8 | Make sure you dont forget any belongings c _| Make sure you only pack the essentials, > | Make sure youre 100% certain you want to move abroad TASK2 WWW Fish and Chips 1 No one knows precisely where or when fish and chips came together. Chips arrived in Britain from France in the eighteenth century and were known as pommes frites and the fist mention of chips was in 1854 when a leading chef included “thin cut potatoes cooked in on his recipe book. Fish and chips gained popularity when the meal helped feed the population during the First Wor'd War, and since fish and potatoes were two of only a few foods not rationed in WWI, the tracitional dish maintained its status. Today, ‘there are about 1.000 fish and chip shops throughout the Ukand Ireland, so finding a chippie (a fish and chip shop) is usualy easy. 2. ‘A Breat fish and chips portion is only as good as ts Ingredients. ‘The UK's favourite fish is stil cod and accounts for more than halfof the total consumption. Haddock isthe second favorite, and there are regional variations. When It comes to the chip, a floury potato is best - waxy potatoes can often result in greasy chips. A thick-cut potato absorbs less oil than thin, so chunkier chips are actually healthier. The perfect ang traditional fat for frying both the fish and the chips is beef fet or lard. Both give a crispier and, tastier chip and fish. However, cooking fish and chips in vegetable ‘or corn oll is now commonplace asi is healthier and more reactly available. The of must be clean and maintained at a constant ‘temperature of 365 F (185 C) for the crspiest fish and chips. 3 ‘The classic condiment for sh and chips is vinegar with a sprinkle af salt and, love them or hate them, mushy peas are also trocitional on the side. In addition, since the mid-seventes, Cutty sauce has also grown in popularty. The only other sauces consdered suitable ate 2 squirt of ketchup or brown sauce in Scotland, Although a continental habit of serving mayonnaise with fish and chips hes emerged, very few Britons have adopted this, 4 Despite the threat from pizza and burgers, fish and chips remains the nation’s favourite takeaway Gish and is nearly four times more popular than Indian curries, Traditionally, fish and chips were wrapped in greaseproof paper and a thick layer of newspaper which served not only as an insulator but also as a plate to make eating outdoors easier. However, because of health and safety control chippies are no longer alowed to use newspaper. Many fish and chip purists, though, declare that fish and chips eaten from newspaper outdoors is the best way to eat them. 5 ‘Aitfough a meal of deep-tied fish and chips is not considered ‘healthy meal, it’s better for you than other fast food options. Fish and chips have less fat and fewer calories than the average i272, a5 wel as a Big Mac or Whopner meal with medium fries 'A__| Theongin ofthe Chippie ‘Make sure you dont need a visa T ake pre your Roney can roe road wihyou ‘Ahealthy choice E F | Make sre you apply fra vis H_| Make sure you know a few basic phrases ‘A recipe for the perfect Fish and Chips c D E F | Abrief history of Fish and Chips 6 4 ‘Traditional accompaniments for Fish and ChipsZNO PRACTICE: Reading Read the texts below. Match choices A-H to the texts 1-6, There are two choices you do not need to use. TASKS The world’s hardest countries to visit ‘1/North Korea The world's most secretive country welcomes just about 4,000 to 6.000 tourists in a year and deportes a fair few for possible offences against the state. In North Korea you're not allowed to travel independently and must be accompanied by a guide from cone of Pyongyang's three state-approved tour operators. You may be surprised to hear that acquiring a tourist visa for North Korea isn't too tricky (although it does take six to eight weeks to arrive), but you're limited to a pre-planned itinerary once you're there, 2Bhutan Before 1974, people were unable to visit the Kingdom of Bhutan. Mountainous Tibet to the north and the dense jungles of West Bengal to the south made it very inaccessible. Today there are (wo airlines that fly to and from Bhutan (Orukair and Bhutan Airlines) and the roads have been drastically improved if you'r travelling by car. However, you will need to pay for your trip in advance ~ not just the plane ticket but an all-inclusive package through a Bhutanese travel agent. 3 Kiribati Inorderto reach the unspoiled beauty of Kiribati you have to make a series of connections throsgh other equally remote Pacific Islands. According to seasoned travellers you have to begin your journey from either Fj, Honolulu, Brisoane, Manila or Taipel and hop across a number of islands in progressively smaller planes and airports until your reach Kiribati, Entering Kiribatl isnt ‘easy either unless you're from one of the 60 countries that are allowed to pay for a Visa on arrival, otherwise you'l have to apply for a tourist visa at one of Kiribati’ few foreign consulates. The UK consulate is conveniently lacated in the small village of Llanddewi Rhydderch in Wales. 4uibya Most foreign offices warn against travelling to Libya, but it is not impossible to visit. Libya's land borders with Algeria, Niger, Sudan and Chad are closed to non-Africans so youll need to enter via Egypt. There are no direct fights to Libya from either the UK or US, but Aftigiyah Airways fies from Istanbul to Tripoli or you could take a connecting fight through Tunis, The ancient Roman ruins of Leptis Magna (approximately 80 miles east of Tripoli) are meant fo be stunning, 5 Equatorial Guinea This isa country many avoid because of state-oppression and a terrible record of human rights abuses. The hostility towards its own people extends to visitors and as a result Equatorial Guinea Is a very difficult place to enter, unless youre American. Bizarrely, United States citizens are the only foreigners in the world who don’t require a visa. Once there. getting around can be hard and the hotels are expensive when compared to neighbouring countries. 6 Angola ‘The visa process for Angols can take severel weeks so apply with plenty of time to spare before you visit. Many seasoned travellers are drawn to Angola simply because it's so hard to get to. Youll need a formal letter of invitation and proof of a prepaid hotel - and that's before you even know whether or not you're allowed to visit Which country can you 2 enter rom only one neighbouring country, unless you are from the same continent A B _ visit onlyif traveling with a certified local © | neverbedeportedfrom D__ visitf you pay for the hotel before you apply for avisa eee pee yousne rene F 6 4 get to after a number of fights geo oni org a ar \isitif you pay for all your expenses in advance ‘isit without a visa if you are from one particular countryZNO PRACTICE: Reading Read the texts below. Match choices A-H to the texts 1-6, There are two choices you do not need to use, TASK 4 YY, Jobs which have disappeared into the history books 1Gas lamplighter From 1807 gas lighting played a crucial role in keeping crime down across the UK. So, virtually every town and city suburb had a lamplighter who'd begin an illuminating patrol at dusk, then another at dawn when he'd put out the flame. The beginning of the job's end was in 1879 when the fist electric street lighting was unvelled in Newcastle-upon-Tyne and by the early 20th century they had repiaced virtually all gas lamps. A handful of gas lamps still remain, often in city centres, but most are now fitted with selfighting devices 2 Resurrectionist It sounds like a religious cult, but they were actually just people (called graverobbers) paid to dig up dead bodies for scientific experiments. Dissections on the dead took place as early as the 3rd century BC, then as medicine quickly advanced in the 1700s ‘and 1800s, the demand for bodies increased, But a scandal ensued when hundreds of families were left heartbroken after it was revealed that graverobbers had been digging up their loved ones. The resurrectionists were then dealt a blow by the 1838 ‘Anatomy Act which allowed people to leave their bodies for scientific experimentation. 3 Knocker up Right up to the 1820s, many people still paid to be woken up by having their door or window knocked on at a specified time, Young boys, women, and'éven policemen would use @ truncheon, a long stick or sometimes a pea shooter, to rouse sieepers and earn some extra money. They werer't alowed to leave the doorstep until they were sure they'd done their job —a risky business when their bleary-eyed employers’ first act of the day was to empty their full bed pan out of the window. Thankfully the invention of ‘alarm clocks signaled the end for this profession. 4 Aircraft listener ‘As recently as the 1930s, Britain's only defence against invading aircraft were military ears, though the men whe had to listen for the enemy did have a number of peculiar devices they could use. During the First World War they employed “war tubas” designed to funnel the sound of approaching engines into a single pair of headphones. They also developed sound mirrors, which were giant concrete discs that Bounced Sounds onto 2 central point where they were picked up by a microphone, But by the Second ‘World War the RAF had, thankfully, developed radar - an innovation which helped defeat Hitlers Luftwaffe in the Battle of Britain 5 Moirologist In the 19th century, when funerals were a status symbol 3s well as @ fond farewell, wealthier families often felt that they needed to hire status-boosting professional criers. The hired mourners would often include a sad-looking young boy, a job Oliver Twist, briefly had in Charles Dickens’ classic tale of Victorian poverty. Not surprisingly, paying pretenders to pay their respects quickly fell ut of fashion by the 1900s. Rat catcher ‘ ‘Though the idea of catching smelly and often disease-ridden creatures might not hold much appeal, it was a common job for centuries, One Londoner, jack Black, even gained celebrity status in the mid 19th century after falsely claiming he was Queen Victorias personal rat catcher. They were mastly caught, often with the help of terriers, to keep their numbers down. But the animals were also sold on to posh ladies who thought keeping them in gided cages was feshionable. Thankfully the trend died out {and local authorities found more effective ways of keeping the streets free from rats. Which job? ‘A__| got you paid for disturbing people 8 helped prevent cme © was mentioned in a Book ‘D__ is stil possible to find nowadays ‘was the only protection against the attacks from air brought fametaore cltheworlars a e F G | required a degree | | made some people fee! sadZNO PRACTICE: Reading Read the text below. For questions 1-5 choose the correct answer A, B, C or D. TASKS Uber and Lyft are making traffic worse For years, the link between increased ride-sharing and reduced congestion was clear: cheap, immediate and abundant taxi rides would encourage city residents to give up their cars, Uber Pool and Lyft’s Shared Rides, which pick up extra riders along their Toutes, would act like city-wide carpooling agencies, combining passengers and extending the reach of public transportation. But in the last few years, as ride-sharing has expanded to dozens of cities and billions of rides, nearly al of these assumptions have been proven wrong or wildly optimistic First of all,ride-sharing hasn't reduced the number of cars on the roads. As taxi rides have come down in price, they have boomed in popularity. San Francisco now has over 20 times more ride-sharing vehicles than official cabs. In New York, registered “transportation network company’ cars outnumber yellow cabs six to one, While some city residents have indeed given up their vehicles in favour of car sharing, others have purchased cars specifically to drive for Uber and tyft ‘Secondly, swapping solo drivers for car shares hasr’t reduced the number of miles city residents are covering on the roads. Switching from your own car to an Uber actually adds mites because the car has to come to pick you up.” Schaller said "it would be great if Uber and Lyft carried small groups of people, but in fact they usually only carry solo riders,” said Jarrett Walker, a transit planner and policy consultant. Uber drivers have to get to thelr frst passenger, then end up taking significant ‘detours along the route to pickup the'r second or third, And that's ifthey pick up a second passenger at a According to internal compary data obtained by BuzzFeed, 40 percent of Uber Poo! trips in San Francisco ended up as solo rides in 2015, when the service was still relatively new. In addition, at this time Uber was heavily subsidizing fares to make the service more popular. ‘And thirdly, rather than just being ¢ supplement to more efficient forms of transportation, Uber and Lyft are actually stealing ‘customers from them. Two separate studies have found that the majority of Uber and Lyft riders would have walked, cycled Or taken a bus ifride-sharing wasnt available. In one study, a University of Colorado researcher became an Uber driver and surveyed his passengers. Only around one in fve, he found, replaced driving alone with his taxi ride. “When you ask people who say they're replacing personal auto trips why they take ride-sharing instead, it turns out they're taking Uber and Lyft to the airport, when they go out drinking and when they travel to avoid renting a car,” Schaller said. Those are all replacing public transport trips. Plus, since ride-share passengers tend to be wealthier than city averages, ride-sharing Could be tempting the wealthy out of using buses and trains altogether, creating a two-tier system, weakening public support and funding for more effcient forms of transport in the long term, ‘1 What has happened with shared rides recently? ‘APeople do not want to ride-share. B The service has become much more popular. CA dozen have used the service Dillons of people have proven they are good for environment. 2. Why hasn't ride-sharing resulted in a smaller number of cars on the roads? ‘A Rides are too expensive B There are a ot of yellow cabs on the roads. ‘People refused to give up their vehicles. D Some people bought cars just to drive taxis for Uber and Lyf. 3. Whats true about the early period of service development? A Uber and Lyft carried small groups of people rather than solo riders. B Uber drivers always Nad just one passenger. C Uber covered part of the expenses to increase the popularity of the service D Uber drivers never travelled off the route to pick up passengers. 4 What would most of the Uber passengers have done if they hadn't used the service? ‘Adriven their own cars B gone on foot or by public transport gota taxi Brot gone to that place 5) What might be the effect of Uber and Lyft services? A people will use public transport less B people will drink more alcohol C people will travel by car instead of plane trips D people will travel moreZNO PRACTICE:Reading Cord. Read the text below, For questions 1-5 choose the correct answer A, TASK6 Uda Why the Dutch are so good at English? ‘They're incredibly tall. They ride their bikes everywhere (without helmets). They're winning the battle against rising sea levels ‘And now, theyre ranked Number 1 in English. In the most recent EF English Proficiency index (EF EP!) ranking, the Netherlands came in ‘1st out of 72 countries in English skills. 90 percent of respondents in the Netherlands claim to know English. These results beg the question: Why are the Dutch so unbelievably good at English? ‘This tiny country of 17 million people punches well above its weight with the 17th largest Gross Domestic Praduct in the world, and the 5th largest in the EU, according to the IMF. While South America or the Middle East can rely on a sizable Spanish speaking or Arabic speaking market to drive growth, there are only 27 million Dutch speakers - and 2 billion English speakers, ‘And so the Dutch have needed to learn English to enter the global market. Perhaps as a consequence of this, the Netherlands don’t dub foreign language TV and movies. As a result, Dutch children grow up hearing English in popular culture fram a very early age. Countries with a large enough audience for dubbed TV shows and. movies, ike France or Germany, dub everything, and as a result, have much less Success in integrating English into their cultural life. Dubbing seems to make people less linguistically receptive to foreign languages, a condition the Dutch have successfully avoided. ‘The Dutch love to travel. Since EF's Amsterdam office opened in 1970, EF Education First hes witnessed steady growth in the number of students from the Netherlands who are travelling abroad and taking gap years. English opens doors not just ‘economically, but also for the average Dutch tourist, and so it’s no wonder there's interest in this global language. ‘And finaly, before any English test, the Dutch can thank their linguistic ancestors. Dutch is a Germanic language, ust ike English, ‘and so they share many roots and characteristics. De? The. Bier? Beer. Wafel? Wafile. While many language families don't talk at the dinner table, cross-language similarities give the Dutch something to say when it comes to learning English. ‘The Dutch have an embarrassment of riches when it comes to English skills ~ and benefit from it enormously. Anyone who remembers that New York was once New Amsterdam will know that the adventurous Dutch have always been 2 country with global ambitions. The Netherlands is a great example of how a country’s English proficiency can make it globally competitive and future-friendly, Adds a whole new meaning to the phrase “going Dutch’, doesn't it? 1 According to survey, how many people in the Netherlands do NOT know English? Acvery tenth citizen B90 percent €72 percent Dhalf of the population 2 What market does the Dutch economy rely on? ‘South American and Middle East B Spanish: and Arab-speaking Dutch-speaking D English-speaking 3. Why do Dutch children have more opportunities to integrate into an English-speaking environment, than children from France or Germany? ‘A they hear only English at home and school B they watch English films and programmes in the original format Cin the Netherlands there are oniy English programs on TV Dall shows and movies on TV are translated into English 4. Why's English helpful for the Dutch? Athere are a lot of tourists in the Netherlands B they often visit other countries C they need the language to study in Amsterdam Dafter 1970 it became impossible to enter university, unless you spoke English 5. Winyisit rather easy for the Dutch to learn English? A learning English is easier after having learnt German B their language has alot in common with English the Dutch practice English wen having family meals D the Dutch have a iot of English tests at schoolZNO PRACTICE: Reading Read the text below. Choose from A-H the one which best fits each space 1-6. There are two choices you do not need to TASKT YY Airports will now have lie detectors Inseveral airports in Europe, passengers willbe administered lie detector tests powered 1 in addition to their normal security steps, according to @ press release about the new initiative. A new EU-backed project called iBorderctr 2 ‘at border checkpoints in Hungary, Latvia and Greece = three countries that border non-EU nations - for a tral this month, ‘The program works as follows: 3 will answer questions from a computer-animated border guard through a webcam 4 during the lie-detection process, “it wll ask the person to confirm their name, age and date of birth, and it will ask them things like 5 ‘and who is funding the tip,’ Keeley Crockett, one of the experts involved. in the project, told CNN about the screening process. A press release about the program states the virtual border ‘guard will analyse the traveller’s micro-expressions to gauge whether they may be lying, with human border guards overseeing the entire process and stepping in if a security riskis detected, ‘Some expertshave doubts about the experiment, arguing that, 6 ‘of their physical cues while continuing to le during the process. passengers wil simply be more mingful + vellinstall lie detector tests about their basic information with human operators | by artificial inceligence 7 vihat the purpose of their journey is ‘ravellers from outside the EU TASKS ‘When panda has twins When a mother panda gives birth to twins at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, the team uses alittle trick 1 Shortly after birth, keepers remove one of the cubs, making. the mother think 2 ‘The twins are then switched up to 10 times a day to maintain the single baby panda ilusion. One Cf the cubs is with the mother almost all the time while the other is kept in an incubator and fed on formula milk Half ofall panda births result in twins, however, tis very rare for both cubs to survive in the wild as giant pandas almost always abandon a cub 3 The reason is that they don’t have sufficient milk or energy to care for two, so focus their attention on the strongest cub. This method opens up the possibility 4 in captive panda cubs. I's a problem that the Chengdu Research Base hhas been tackling for decades. Prior to 1990, the survival rate ‘among twins was only 30%, Giant pandas are as popular 5 It is estimated the worldwide population of pandas is approximately 2.060. While this is an increase compared to previous years, it could all be under threat. Predicted environmental damage from climate change 6 is estimated to destroy more than 35% of the panda's bamboo habitats, ‘A | as they are at risk B _ she onlyhas one baby © like home pets Dover the next 80 years “if they give birth to more tha to keep both cubs alive | liars can be more attentive E F | with allbabies surviving | HW | of a 100% survival rateZNO PRACTICE: Use of English Read the text below, For questions 1-10 choose the correct answer A, 8, C or D. TASK1 Yip, Painting for gold medals Baron Pierre de Coubertin, the 4 of the modern ‘Olympics, believed that sports and the arts were inseparably linked. Pierre was raised and educated classically, and he was particularly 2 by the idea of what it meant to be a true ‘Olympian ~ someone who was not only athletic, but 3 in music and literature. However, the idea to include some aspects of art 4 ‘opposition from the beginning, and it ‘wasn't until the Stackholm games in 1912 that medals were awarded in artistic disciplines, ‘The resistance was understandable, as sporting 5 can be measured in easily-understood metrics such a5 time and distance, but judging the arts is undeniably subjectve. Moreover, the works created had tobe 6 __with sport and thus the arts 7__also suffered from this parameter. Adcitionally, the requirement of 8 status in the early period of the modern games eliminated the chance of 9 artists to enter the competition. The resulting works were inevitably, well, amateurish. So the Olympic art events were finally struck from the competition in 1948, Arts. medals were removed from the 10__ Olympic records and the events were reduced to a non-competitive exhibition running. for the duration of the games. TASK2 Why do leaves fall off the trees? Asthe days grow 1_ and cooler air temperatures rollin, the colour of Inciana’s trees 2 from summer green to the brilliant autumn shades of orange. yellow, red, and brown. It's autumn, Soon, the leaves wil fall to the ground ... oF will they? ‘The simple answer is this: Leaves 3 trees can survive the winter. trees so that the But the word “al” isa bit 4 it implies that the trees are passive this time of year, when, in fact, they are actively pushing’ the leaves off their branches. The changes in weather and daylight trigger a hormone that, 5 a chemical message to each leaf that It is time to 6 for winter. Over the next few weeks, special cells forma bumpy ine at the place where the leaf stem meets the branch, And slowly, but surely, the leat is “pushed” from the tree branch, ‘This winterization process is a must for trees’ 7 fn spring and summer, leaves 8___ sunlight into energy ina process we all know as photosynthesis. During that process, the trees lose a lot of water ~ so much water that when winter arrives, the trees are no longer able to get enough water to 9 it. And so now we know. Leaves fall or are pushed off trees so that the tree can survive the winter and 10___new leaves in the spring. [aJaldesigner Je|begimer |c|starter [P| founder aJAlsmatier [eltinier _|e|snorter _[o|iess 2lalimpressed [Bl excited [¢|strred [Dlinfuenced | | 2|al la|becomes |c|gets __[D| mobiles alalable Biskiied —[clkeen —_[D/equal 3|al Blgctot — |elgoof — |o|runoff ‘4lalsutfered [Bl opposed |€|faced —_[D|cnalienge| [Jal fase | msleading|D| specious 5|Alprofts |B] achievements|¢| execution |D| podcion | [Sal IB[retases || sses —_[D|commutes 6|Aa|mingeled |p| mixed clleaged —[D|associated | [al IB|develop _|¢| appoint _[D| prepare ; 7 7lalcompetiion|s| maten —[c|race__[|sport 7Ial B|duration || surwval_[o|wiaite a|aldeittante |p|amateur _[€| apprentice|D| learner aia B| adapt C| translate |D| mutate alalproncent |licensed [elexpert Jo|protessonal [slalreurn —|a|swiccn [e|remove lo lrepace fidaldesinte [B]formal_— [elofical [o|vatic hialmake —_[Blraise clampity — [b|arowZNO PRACTICE: Use of English Read the text below. For gaps 1-5 choose the correct answer A, 8, C or D. TASK 1 Ly YY The history of football More than 240 mition people around the world play football regularly according to the Federation internationale de Football ‘Association (FIFA\. Records trace the history of football back more 1_ 2.000 years to ancient China, but it was England that transitioned football into the game we know today. The English are credited with recording the first uniform rules for the sport, 2 _ forbidding tripping opponents and touching the ball with one’s hands, As the sport developed, more rules were implemented ‘and more historical landmarks were set. For example, the penalty kick3_in 1891. Some of the top players throughout history include Pele from Brazil, who4___ six goals in the 1958 World Cup and helped Brazil claim its fist ttle and Marco Van Basten from Holland, TASK3 ‘The shortest war in history Fought between the United Kingdom and Zanzibar on 27 ‘August 1896, the conflict lasted approximately 40 minutes, 1 it the shortest war in history. it all started when 2 pro-British Sultan Hamad bin Thuwaini died on August 25 and his cousin, Khalid bin Barghash, 3 _ the throne, Rumours claimed that the new Sultan paisonad the old one. The British government wanted Hamoud bin Muhammad in place as Sultan, and gave Khalid 4__ 9 am. local time on 27 August 1896, to cede the throne to the pro-British heir. At precisely 9 am., when Khalid refused to abdicate, the British bombaroment began. Guns from the British ships fired 5 ____the Sultan's palace. After a mere 38 minutes, Khalig's trO0ps fled the scene. The shortest war in the history of the world was over. 5 ___ wan several very prestigious football awards during cone year alone. Thee nad ing pene Pls [RE Pan [aJAthen Of [e|than D]from ] 2iala B) an [cjthe C) have aii | [Blalscizng —|B|had seized |¢|seized [| has seed 2iAlinduding 1B lincuded |C|icuding [Plincluded | Falalsince |plunti _[¢|from |] wth had as been | [was SiAlat Blfrom [Clin Dito 3 A] introduced |) introduced] | introduced || introduced 4lAlscored |B score ‘Chas scored|D]willscore | tage y S[alwrich |B|who [€|what || where Influenza: the origin of the name TASK2 Influenza earned its name 1_ an Italian folk word that, Telephone and mobile phones attributed colds, cough and fever To the influence ofthe star. 2__the term evolved into influenza del freddo — “influence ‘Mic Watson, come here, | want you" 1__10 March 1876. fhe cold” these were the first words 2 ___ by Alexander Graham é Belt the lvertor of he elepnane to his asistant Thomas [he fu has appeared under various names rough the ear Watson, using his new device. It is conceivable that the history of the telephone 3 as a result of our desire to communicate far and wide. This incredible invention and the creation of the cellular network supported the revolution 4 the telephone industry. From bulky mobile phones to ultrathin handsets, mobile phones 5 ___a long way so far. Even now, scientists continue to create new ideas thet will further enhance users’ experience. In the mid-17th century, New Englanders colourfully called the disease “the jolly rant" and "the new acquaintance’. In England it was the "knock-me-down fever’. 4 __Engiish adopted the word “influenza” in the mid-18th century, while the French called it lo grippe from gripper. meaning "to gras (or hook". There is also a similar sounding phrase in Arabic, anf: ‘a/-anze, which means “nose of the goat’, used because goats. 5__ tobe carriers of the disease TAAL B]On Clin [D] since Tal with from ic]by alalR@EBE al scoten _[elscate —_[O|spek phe ine [ea all was eng been r= 3A 8 ¢|incuding || inckited 3lalwitstart |B ¢lstarted [> [Alinciuded _|® included . 7 qi a le a. 4a) Blan ¢[ The Da a alo y fiom |B] 1 loans 1 tedbaee I, al sal Blthought |e Dare thought 5 alhave come a|naacome |¢ [care fp [ma he 5/4) thought et |Elemougne _[P entZNO PRACTICE: Use of English Read the text below. For questions 1-5 choose the correct answer A, B, Cor D. TASKS Y Zero dollar election campaign Presidential candidates of 1 century spend millions of dollars winning the endorsements of their parties and organising nationwide campaigns. But Washington himself did, absolutely 2___ pubic campaigning, and even cast doubt onwhether he3___ the job if elected, The retired general said that he just wanted to live a quiet, happy life and dle as a private citizen at his Mount Vernon farm. Washington was an obvious first choice for president. He was 4___a national hero and the favourite son of Virginia, the largest state at the time. So, on 30 April 1789 George Washington was unanimously elected president ofthe United States in the first presidential election, With 69 electoral votes, Washington won the support of each participating elector. No TASK? VW. Bullding destroyed by the Great Fire On 2 September 1666 a 1__fire started, known as The Great Fire of London, It eft around 85 percent of the capital, population homeless. The most femous building destroyed in, that fire was St Pauls Cathedral The remains of the cathedral were demolished and work started on building 2 replacement in 1675. The spectacular cathedral we know today was designed 3_ Christopher Wren and remains one of London's greatest architectural landmarks. Incerestingly,Wren4__ thedemolition and redevelopment. of St Paul's before the fire His proposals were then dismissed. Instead, renovation work was commissioned and 5 thought that the wooden frame surrounding the building, 5__presidentsincehas come intoofficewithsuch support. likely accelerated its destruction in the blaze. TALE] B[ivennyirse]eren]p|emeny- | [alalrivecay [e[five days [e[tives day [D]fve-cays fist Wwf! Clone _ fone alata Bla cline | 20 [rene [ence nome _| siabinewr_[8| em [ety would be |g willbe 3|a) '8| Jc}wouts take p]wittake | [| Jwillhave | [was ad taken _|P taking __| |slaaready |Blaiready |clarreaoy |pj9/02 [ajAlneither |B [both | C]nor D|and proposed | [proposed | [proposed | |ProPé |s[Alotiers |B/another |¢|the other [D]other S ajes elena) TASK 6 We The oldest democracy in the world The word democracy comes from “demos”. Itis a word taken and derived from 1__ language and means “people”. The Ancient Greeks ruled themselves and therefore the idea persists that they2___ the concept and originally produced ‘a democracy so that others could do the same. Their ideas of government originated around 430 B.C. making itoneof 3____ democracies outthere. Though itistechnically the oldest 4 record, there is some controversy about stating that the Greeks had the oldest democracy. It is often Said that they invented the concept, but that's not quite true. The concept of demacracy means that ALL people could vote, ‘and because women and slaves 5 _ vote during those tuimes, it seems less reasonable to claim that they Invented the system we know today. talgreek |B] aGreck _[¢|the Greek [D]Greek hod —_[¢|were have 2)ainvented 1B linverced |Clinvenced | |invented 3lalaider —_[e|older __[¢|the oldest [D|the eldest alalin Bon Telwich ——_[D[by jwerenot |, [could have || not be SjAjconnot |B siowed to |) not DI able to| ZNO PRACTICE: Writing You have received a letter from your pen friend in which they write that their mum has added them as a friend on a social network they use. Your pen friend feels embarrassed about the situation and is unhappy that their mum comments on every new picture they post. Write an answer to them in which you = say what you think about the situation and explain why = give your friend some advice on how to behave in this situation tell them about your experience of using social networks write a letter of at least 100 words. Do not write your own name, any dates, addresses or any other personalinformation Start and finish your letter in an appropriate way. nace (ZER], You have seen an advertisement for an online programming. course. You would like to apply but first you need some more details to help you decide. Write a letter in which you ~ state your reason for writing = describe what experience with programming you have and ask if you need to prepare for the course ~ask what the price includes and whether they offer discounts for students Write a letter of at least 100 words. Do not include any Personal information (eg.. names, dates, addresses, etc). Start and finish your letter in an appropriate way. ag aoe Some people spend their whole life in one place. Others move often, looking for a better job, house, living conditions or climate. Write an opinion essay in which you say which you prefer (stayingin one place or moving around) and give reasons why ~ give examples, write about your friends, family, people you Know to support your opinion = draw a conclusion Write an essay of at least 100 words. Start and finish in an appropriate way. You have started university and now live in a dormitory/on campus. The price for housing is quite expensive, however you are not happy with the living conditions. Write a letter of Complaint to the university administration in which you ~ describe the problems you have = say what actions you would like to be taken ~ mention that you expect a reply write aletter of atleast 100 words. Do not use your real name or any other personal information. Start and finish your letter in an appropriate way. TASKS =a You've seen an online competition on a travel website, The task is to write an article advertising your area to foreign tourists Write an article for the competition in which you ~ say where you live and what means of transport can be used toget there = describe the attractions and sights which tourists might want to visit ~ explain where the tourists can stay write an article of at least 100 words. Start and finish your article in an appropriate way mses [SEE] You believe that the quality of food in the school canteen could be improved by providing more healthy options. Write 3 letter to the head teacher in which you = describe the food offered by the canteen at the moment and why you and your friends are dissatisfied with it ~ give your ideas on how the situation could be improved explain why it’s important that the students have good quality food Write a letter of at least 100 words, Do not include your own name, any dates, addresses or any other personal information.