Microsoft Excel 2007 Tutorial
Microsoft Excel 2007 Tutorial
By Denise Etheridge
You can use this free online tutorial to learn Microsoft Excel 2007. Click here to start the tutorial. If you are using
an older version of Excel, click here for our Excel 2003/2002 tutorial or click here for our Excel 97 tutorial.
Microsoft Excel is an electronic spreadsheet that runs on a personal computer. You can use it to organize your
data into rows and columns. You can also use it to perform mathematical calculations quickly. This tutorial
teaches Microsoft Excel basics. Although knowledge of how to navigate in a Windows environment is helpful, this
tutorial was created for the computer novice. This lesson will introduce you to the Excel window. You use the
window to interact with Excel.
Lesson 1 familiarized you with the Excel 2007 window, taught you how to move around the window, and how to
enter data. A major strength of Excel is that you can perform mathematical calculations and format your data. In
this lesson, you learn how to perform basic mathematical calculations and how to format text and numerical data.
By using functions, you can quickly and easily make many useful calculations, such as finding an average, the
highest number, the lowest number, and a count of the number of items in a list. Microsoft Excel has many
functions you can use. You can also use Microsoft Excel to fill cells automatically with a series.For example, you
can have Excel automatically fill your worksheet with days of the week, months of the year, years, or other types
of series.
A header is text that appears at the top of every page of your printed worksheet. A footer is text that appears at
the bottom of every page of your printed worksheet. You can use a header or footer to display among other things
titles, page numbers, or logos. Once you have completed your Excel worksheet, you may want to print it. This
lesson teaches you how to use functions, how to create a series, how to create headers and footers, and how to
print.
In Microsoft Excel, you can represent numbers in a chart. On the Insert tab, you can choose from a variety of
chart types, including column, line, pie, bar, area, and scatter. The basic procedure for creating a chart is the
same no matter what type of chart you choose. As you change your data, your chart will automatically Update.
This lesson teaches you how to create a chart in Excel.
Create a Chart
Apply a Chart Layout
Add Labels
Switch Data
Change the Style of a Chart
Change the Size and Position of a Chart
Move A Chart to a Chart Sheet
Change the Chart Type
Microsoft Excel is an electronic spreadsheet. You can use it to organize your data into rows and columns. You
can also use it to perform mathematical calculations quickly. This tutorial teaches Microsoft Excel basics.
Although knowledge of how to navigate in a Windows environment is helpful, this tutorial was created for the
computer novice.
This lesson will introduce you to the Excel window. You use the window to interact with Excel. To begin this
lesson, start Microsoft Excel 2007. The Microsoft Excel window appears and your screen looks similar to the one
shown here.
Note: Your screen will probably not look exactly like the screen shown. In Excel 2007, how a window displays
depends on the size of your window, the size of your monitor, and the resolution to which your monitor is set.
Resolution determines how much information your computer monitor can display. If you use a low resolution, less
information fits on your screen, but the size of your text and images are larger. If you use a high resolution, more
information fits on your screen, but the size of the text and images are smaller. Also, settings in Excel 2007,
Windows Vista, and Windows XP allow you to change the color and style of your windows.
In the upper-left corner of the Excel 2007 window is the Microsoft Office button. When you click the button, a
menu appears. You can use the menu to create a new file, open an existing file, save a file, and perform many
other tasks.
Next to the Microsoft Office button is the Quick Access toolbar. The Quick Access toolbar gives you with access
to commands you frequently use. By default, Save, Undo, and Redo appear on the Quick Access toolbar. You
can use Save to save your file, Undo to roll back an action you have taken, and Redo to reapply an action you
have rolled back.
Next to the Quick Access toolbar is the Title bar. On the Title bar, Microsoft Excel displays the name of the
workbook you are currently using. At the top of the Excel window, you should see "Microsoft Excel - Book1" or a
similar name.
The Ribbon
You use commands to tell Microsoft Excel what to do. In Microsoft Excel 2007, you use the Ribbon to issue
commands. The Ribbon is located near the top of the Excel window, below the Quick Access toolbar. At the top of
the Ribbon are several tabs; clicking a tab displays several related command groups. Within each group are
related command buttons. You click buttons to issue commands or to access menus and dialog boxes. You may
also find a dialog box launcher in the bottom-right corner of a group. When you click the dialog box launcher, a
dialog box makes additional commands available.
Worksheets
Microsoft Excel consists of worksheets. Each worksheet contains columns and rows. The columns are lettered A
to Z and then continuing with AA, AB, AC and so on; the rows are numbered 1 to 1,048,576. The number of
columns and rows you can have in a worksheet is limited by your computer memory and your system resources.
The combination of a column coordinate and a row coordinate make up a cell address. For example, the cell
located in the upper-left corner of the worksheet is cell A1, meaning column A, row 1. Cell E10 is located under
column E on row 10. You enter your data into the cells on the worksheet.
Formula Bar
If the Formula bar is turned on, the cell address of the cell you are in displays in the Name box which is located on
the left side of the Formula bar. Cell entries display on the right side of the Formula bar. If you do not see the
Formula bar in your window, perform the following steps:
Note: The current cell address displays on the left side of the Formula bar.
The Status Bar
The Status bar appears at the very bottom of the Excel window and provides such information as the sum,
average, minimum, and maximum value of selected numbers. You can change what displays on the Status bar by
right-clicking on the Status bar and selecting the options you want from the Customize Status Bar menu. You click
a menu item to select it. You click it again to deselect it. A check mark next to an item means the item is selected.
By using the arrow keys, you can move around your worksheet. You can use the down arrow key to move
downward one cell at a time. You can use the up arrow key to move upward one cell at a time. You can use the
Tab key to move across the page to the right, one cell at a time. You can hold down the Shift key and then press
the Tab key to move to the left, one cell at a time. You can use the right and left arrow keys to move right or left
one cell at a time. The Page Up and Page Down keys move up and down one page at a time. If you hold down
the Ctrl key and then press the Home key, you move to the beginning of the worksheet.
EXERCISE 1
Press the down arrow key several times. Note that the cursor moves downward one cell at a time.
Press the up arrow key several times. Note that the cursor moves upward one cell at a time.
The Tab Key
Hold down the Shift key and then press Tab. Note that the cursor moves to the left one cell at a time.
1. Press the right arrow key several times. Note that the cursor moves to the right.
2. Press the left arrow key several times. Note that the cursor moves to the left.
1. Press the Page Down key. Note that the cursor moves down one page.
2. Press the Page Up key. Note that the cursor moves up one page.
Go To Cells Quickly
The following are shortcuts for moving quickly from one cell in a worksheet to a cell in a different part of the
worksheet.
EXERCISE 2
Go to -- F5
The F5 function key is the "Go To" key. If you press the F5 key, you are prompted for the cell to which you wish to
go. Enter the cell address, and the cursor jumps to that cell.
Go to -- Ctrl+G
1. Hold down the Ctrl key while you press "g" (Ctrl+g). The Go To dialog box opens.
2. Type C4 in the Reference field.
3. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell C4.
You can also use the Name box to go to a specific cell. Just type the cell you want to go to in the Name box and
then press Enter.
1. Type B10 in the Name box.
2. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell B10.
Select Cells
If you wish to perform a function on a group of cells, you must first select those cells by highlighting them. The
exercises that follow teach you how to select.
EXERCISE 3
Select Cells
1. Go to cell A1.
2. Press the F8 key. This anchors the cursor.
3. Note that "Extend Selection" appears on the Status bar in the lower-left corner of the window. You are in
the Extend mode.
4. Click in cell E7. Excel highlights cells A1 to E7.
5. Press Esc and click anywhere on the worksheet to clear the highlighting.
You can also select an area by holding down the left mouse button and dragging the mouse over the area. In
addition, you can select noncontiguous areas of the worksheet by doing the following:
1. Go to cell A1.
2. Hold down the Ctrl key. You won't release it until step 9. Holding down the Ctrl key enables you to select
noncontiguous areas of the worksheet.
3. Press the left mouse button.
4. While holding down the left mouse button, use the mouse to move from cell A1 to C5.
5. Continue to hold down the Ctrl key, but release the left mouse button.
6. Using the mouse, place the cursor in cell D7.
7. Press the left mouse button.
8. While holding down the left mouse button, move to cell F10. Release the left mouse button.
9. Release the Ctrl key. Cells A1 to C5 and cells D7 to F10 are selected.
10. Press Esc and click anywhere on the worksheet to remove the highlighting.
Enter Data
In this section, you will learn how to enter data into your worksheet. First, place the cursor in the cell in which you
want to start entering data. Type some data, and then press Enter. If you need to delete, press the Backspace
key to delete one character at a time.
EXERCISE 4
Enter Data
Delete Data
Edit a Cell
After you enter data into a cell, you can edit the data by pressing F2 while you are in the cell you wish to edit.
EXERCISE 5
Edit a Cell
You can also edit the cell by using the Formula bar. You change "Jones" to "Joker" in the following exercise.
Typing in a cell replaces the old cell entry with the new information you type.
Wrap Text
When you type text that is too long to fit in the cell, the text overlaps the next cell. If you do not want it to overlap
the next cell, you can wrap the text.
EXERCISE 6
Wrap Text
1. Move to cell A2.
2. Type Text too long to fit.
3. Press Enter.
To delete an entry in a cell or a group of cells, you place the cursor in the cell or select the group of cells and
press Delete.
EXERCISE 7
Close Excel
In Microsoft Excel, you can specify the direction the cursor moves when you press the Enter key. In the exercises
that follow, the cursor must move down one cell when you press Enter. You can use the Direction box in the Excel
Options pane to set the cursor to move up, down, left, right, or not at all. Perform the steps that follow to set the
cursor to move down when you press the Enter key.
In Microsoft Excel, you can enter numbers and mathematical formulas into cells. Whether you enter a number or
a formula, you can reference the cell when you perform mathematical calculations such as addition, subtraction,
multiplication, or division. When entering a mathematical formula, precede the formula with an equal sign. Use the
following to indicate the type of calculation you wish to perform:
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
^ Exponential
In the following exercises, you practice some of the methods you can use to move around a worksheet and you
learn how to perform mathematical calculations. Refer to Lesson 1 to learn more about moving around a
worksheet.
EXERCISE 1
Addition
Note: Clicking the check mark on the Formula bar is similar to pressing Enter. Excel records your entry but does
not move to the next cell.
Subtraction
Multiplication
1. Hold down the Ctrl key while you press "g" (Ctrl+g). The Go To dialog box appears.
2. Type C1 in the Reference field.
3. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell C1
4. Type Multiply.
5. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
6. Type 2 in cell C2.
7. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
8. Type 3 in cell C3.
9. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
10. Type =C2*C3 in cell C4.
11. Click the check mark on the Formula bar. Excel multiplies C1 by cell C2 and displays the result in cell
C3. The formula displays on the Formula bar.
Division
1. Press F5.
2. Type D1 in the Reference field.
3. Press Enter. Excel moves to cell D1.
4. Type Divide.
5. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
6. Type 6 in cell D2.
7. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
8. Type 3 in cell D3.
9. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
10. Type =D2/D3 in cell D4.
11. Click the check mark on the Formula bar. Excel divides cell D2 by cell D3 and displays the result in cell
D4. The formula displays on the Formula bar.
When creating formulas, you can reference cells and include numbers. All of the following formulas are valid:
=A2/B2
=A1+12-B3
=A2*B2+12
=24+53
AutoSum
You can use the AutoSum button on the Home tab to automatically add a column or row of numbers. When
you press the AutoSum button , Excel selects the numbers it thinks you want to add. If you then click the
check mark on the Formula bar or press the Enter key, Excel adds the numbers. If Excel's guess as to which
numbers you want to add is wrong, you can select the cells you want.
EXERCISE 2
AutoSum
1. Go to cell F1.
2. Type 3.
3. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
4. Type 3.
5. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell.
6. Type 3.
7. Press Enter. Excel moves down one cell to cell F4.
8. Choose the Home tab.
9. Click the AutoSum button in the Editing group. Excel selects cells F1 through F3 and enters a
formula in cell F4.
10. Press Enter. Excel adds cells F1 through F3 and displays the result in cell F4.
By default, Microsoft Excel recalculates the worksheet as you change cell entries. This makes it easy for you to
correct mistakes and analyze a variety of scenarios.
EXERCISE 3
Automatic Calculation
Make the changes described below and note how Microsoft Excel automatically recalculates.
When you type text into a cell, by default your entry aligns with the left side of the cell. When you type numbers
into a cell, by default your entry aligns with the right side of the cell. You can change the cell alignment. You can
center, left-align, or right-align any cell entry. Look at cells A1 to D1. Note that they are aligned with the left side of
the cell.
EXERCISE 4
Center
Left-Align
Right-Align
Note: You can also change the alignment of cells with numbers in them by using the alignment buttons.
When you perform mathematical calculations in Excel, be careful of precedence. Calculations are performed from
left to right, with multiplication and division performed before addition and subtraction.
EXERCISE 5
Advanced Calculations
Note: Microsoft Excel divides 12 by 2, multiplies the answer by 4, adds 3, and then adds another 3. The answer,
30, displays in cell A7.
To change the order of calculation, use parentheses. Microsoft Excel calculates the information in parentheses
first.
In Excel, you can copy data from one area of a worksheet and place the data you copied anywhere in the same or
another worksheet. In other words, after you type information into a worksheet, if you want to place the same
information somewhere else, you do not have to retype the information. You simple copy it and then paste it in the
new location.
You can use Excel's Cut feature to remove information from a worksheet. Then you can use the Paste feature to
place the information you cut anywhere in the same or another worksheet. In other words, you can move
information from one place in a worksheet to another place in the same or different worksheet by using the Cut
and Paste features.
Microsoft Excel records cell addresses in formulas in three different ways, called absolute, relative, and mixed.
The way a formula is recorded is important when you copy it. With relative cell addressing, when you copy a
formula from one area of the worksheet to another, Excel records the position of the cell relative to the cell that
originally contained the formula. With absolute cell addressing, when you copy a formula from one area of the
worksheet to another, Excel references the same cells, no matter where you copy the formula. You can use
mixed cell addressing to keep the row constant while the column changes, or vice versa. The following exercises
demonstrate.
EXERCISE 6
In addition to typing a formula as you did in Lesson 1, you can also enter formulas by using Point mode. When
you are in Point mode, you can enter a formula either by clicking on a cell or by using the arrow keys.
5. Click the Paste button in the Clipboard group. Excel pastes the formula in cell A12 into cell B12.
6. Press the Esc key to exit the Copy mode.
Compare the formula in cell A12 with the formula in cell B12 (while in the respective cell, look at the Formula bar).
The formulas are the same except that the formula in cell A12 sums the entries in column A and the formula in
cell B12 sums the entries in column B. The formula was copied in a relative fashion.
Before proceeding with the next part of the exercise, you must copy the information in cells A7 to B9 to cells C7 to
D9. This time you will copy by using the Mini toolbar.
1. Select cells A9 to B11. Move to cell A9. Press the Shift key. While holding down the Shift key, press the
down arrow key twice. Press the right arrow key once. Excel highlights A9 to B11.
2. Right-click. A context menu and a Mini toolbar appear.
3. Click Copy, which is located on the context menu. Excel copies the information in cells A9 to B11.
4. Move to cell C9.
5. Right-click. A context menu appears.
6. Click Paste. Excel copies the contents of cells A9 to B11 to cells C9 to C11.
You make a cell address an absolute cell address by placing a dollar sign in front of the row and column
identifiers. You can do this automatically by using the F4 key. To illustrate:
Keyboard shortcuts are key combinations that enable you to perform tasks by using the keyboard. Generally, you
press and hold down a key while pressing a letter. For example, Ctrl+c means you should press and hold down
the Ctrl key while pressing "c." This tutorial notates key combinations as follows:
Press Ctrl+c.
Now copy the formula from C12 to D12. This time, copy by using keyboard shortcuts.
Compare the formula in cell C12 with the formula in cell D12 (while in the respective cell, look at the Formula bar).
The formulas are exactly the same. Excel copied the formula from cell C12 to cell D12. Excel copied the formula
in anabsolute fashion. Both formulas sum column C.
You use mixed cell addressing to reference a cell when you want to copy part of it absolute and part relative. For
example, the row can be absolute and the column relative. You can use the F4 key to create a mixed cell
reference.
5. Click the Paste button . Excel moves the contents of cells D9 to D12 to cells G1 to G4.
The keyboard shortcut for Cut is Ctrl+x. The steps for cutting and pasting with a keyboard shortcut are:
1. Select the cells you want to cut and paste.
2. Press Ctrl+x.
3. Move to the upper-left corner of the block of cells into which you want to paste.
4. Press Ctrl+v. Excel cuts and pastes the cells you selected.
You can insert and delete columns and rows. When you delete a column, you delete everything in the column
from the top of the worksheet to the bottom of the worksheet. When you delete a row, you delete the entire row
from left to right. Inserting a column or row inserts a completely new column or row.
EXERCISE 7
To insert a column:
To insert rows:
You can use borders to make entries in your Excel worksheet stand out. You can choose from several types of
borders. When you press the down arrow next to the Border button , a menu appears. By making the
proper selection from the menu, you can place a border on the top, bottom, left, or right side of the selected cells;
on all sides; or around the outside border. You can have a thick outside border or a border with a single-line top
and a double-line bottom. Accountants usually place a single underline above a final number and a double
underline below. The following illustrates:
EXERCISE 8
Create Borders
3. Click the down arrow next to the Borders button . A menu appears.
4. Click Top and Double Bottom Border. Excel adds the border you chose to the selected cells.
Sometimes, particularly when you give a title to a section of your worksheet, you will want to center a piece of text
over several columns or rows. The following example shows you how.
EXERCISE 9
1. Go to cell B2.
2. Type Sample Worksheet.
3. Click the check mark on the Formula bar.
4. Select cells B2 to E2.
5. Choose the Home tab.
6. Click the Merge and Center button in the Alignment group. Excel merges cells B2, C2, D2, and E2
and then centers the content.
To make a section of your worksheet stand out, you can add background color to a cell or group of cells.
EXERCISE 10
A font is a set of characters represented in a single typeface. Each character within a font is created by using the
same basic style. Excel provides many different fonts from which you can choose. The size of a font is measured
in points. There are 72 points to an inch. The number of points assigned to a font is based on the distance from
the top to the bottom of its longest character. You can change the Font, Font Size, and Font Color of the data you
enter into Excel.
EXERCISE 11
In Microsoft Excel, each workbook is made up of several worksheets. Each worksheet has a tab. By default, a
workbook has three sheets and they are named sequentially, starting with Sheet1. The name of the worksheet
appears on the tab. Before moving to the next topic, move to a new worksheet. The exercise that follows shows
you how.
EXERCISE 12
Click Sheet2 in the lower-left corner of the screen. Excel moves to Sheet2.
Bold, Italicize, and Underline
When creating an Excel worksheet, you may want to emphasize the contents of cells by bolding, italicizing, and/or
underlining. You can easily bold, italicize, or underline text with Microsoft Excel. You can also combine these
features—in other words, you can bold, italicize, and underline a single piece of text.
In the exercises that follow, you will learn different methods you can use to bold, italicize, and underline.
EXERCISE 13
Microsoft Excel provides two types of underlines. The exercises that follow illustrate them.
Single Underline:
here , a D with a double underline under it. Then next time you click the Underline button, you will
get a double underline. If you want a single underline, click the down arrow next to the Double Underline
1. Type Italic in cell B2. Note: Because you previously entered the word Italic in column B, Excel may
enter the word in the cell automatically after you type the letter I. Excel does this to speed up your data
entry.
2. Click the check mark located on the Formula bar.
3. Hold down the Ctrl key while pressing "i" (Ctrl+i). Excel italicizes the contents of the cell.
4. Press Ctrl+i again if you wish to remove the italic formatting.
Alternate Method: Underline with Shortcut Keys
Whenever you type text that is too long to fit into a cell, Microsoft Excel attempts to display all the text. It left-
aligns the text regardless of the alignment you have assigned to it, and it borrows space from the blank cells to
the right. However, a long text entry will never write over cells that already contain entries—instead, the cells that
contain entries cut off the long text. The following exercise illustrates this.
EXERCISE 14
You can increase column widths. Increasing the column width enables you to see the long text.
EXERCISE 15
You can also change the column width with the cursor.
1. Place the mouse pointer on the line between the B and C column headings. The mouse pointer should
look like the one displayed here , with two arrows.
2. Move your mouse to the right while holding down the left mouse button. The width
indicator appears on the screen.
3. Release the left mouse button when the width indicator shows approximately 20. Excel increases the
column width to 20.
Format Numbers
You can format the numbers you enter into Microsoft Excel. For example, you can add commas to separate
thousands, specify the number of decimal places, place a dollar sign in front of a number, or display a number as
a percent.
EXERCISE 16
Format Numbers
9. Click twice on the Increase Decimal button to change the number format to four decimal places.
10. Click the Decrease Decimal button if you wish to decrease the number of decimal places.
5. Click the Percent Style button . Excel turns the decimal to a percent.
This is the end of Lesson 2. You can save and close your file. See Lesson 1 to learn how to save and close a file.
Excel Functions
You can use Excel functions to perform mathematical calculations. This Microsoft Excel tutorial teaches you how
to create and use Excel functions. It takes you step-by-step through the process.
To use functions, you need to understand reference operators. Reference operators refer to a cell or a group of
cells. There are two types of reference operators: range andunion.
A range reference refers to all the cells between and including the reference. A range reference consists of two
cell addresses separated by a colon. The reference A1:A3 includes cells A1, A2, and A3. The reference A1:C3
includes cells A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C1, C2, and C3.
A union reference includes two or more references. A union reference consists of two or more numbers, range
references, or cell addresses separated by a comma. The reference A7,B8:B10,C9,10 refers to cells A7, B8 to
B10, C9 and the number 10.
Understanding Functions
Functions are prewritten formulas. Functions differ from regular formulas in that you supply the value but not the
operators, such as +, -, *, or /. For example, you can use the SUM function to add. When using a function,
remember the following:
Enclose arguments within parentheses. Arguments are values on which you want to perform the calculation. For
example, arguments specify the numbers or cells you want to add.
=SUM(2,13,A1,B2:C7)
In this function:
EXERCISE 1
Functions
Format worksheet
As you learned in Lesson 2, you can also calculate a sum by using the AutoSum button .
Calculate an Average
You can use the AVERAGE function to calculate the average of a series of numbers.
1. Move to cell A6.
2. Type Average. Press the right arrow key to move to cell B6.
3. Type =AVERAGE(B1:B3).
4. Press Enter. The average of cells B1 to B3, which is 21, appears.
In Microsoft Excel, you can use the AutoSum button to calculate an average.
You can use the MIN function to find the lowest number in a series of numbers.
Note: You can also use the drop-down button next to the AutoSum button to calculate minimums,
maximums, and counts.
You can use the MAX function to find the highest number in a series of numbers.
You can use the count function to count the number of numbers in a series.
1. Move to cell A9.
2. Type Count.
3. Press the right arrow key to move to cell B9.
4. Choose the Home tab.
5. Click the down arrow next to the AutoSum button .
6. Click Count Numbers. Excel places the count function in cell C9 and takes a guess at which cells you
want to count. The guess is incorrect, so you must select the proper cells.
7. Select B1 to B3.
8. Press Enter. The number of items in the series, which is 3, appears.
Fill Cells Automatically
You can use Microsoft Excel to fill cells automatically with a series. For example, you can have Excel
automatically fill your worksheet with days of the week, months of the year, years, or other types of series.
EXERCISE 2
1. Click the Auto Fill Options button. The Auto Fill Options menu appears.
2. Choose the Copy Cells radio button. The entry in cells A1 and B1 are copied to all the highlighted cells.
3. Click the Auto Fill Options button again.
4. Choose the Fill Series radio button. The cells fill as a series from Sunday to Saturday again.
5. Click the Auto Fill Options button again.
6. Choose the Fill Without Formatting radio button. The cells fill as a series from Sunday to Saturday, but
the entries are not bolded.
7. Click the Auto Fill Options button again.
8. Choose the Fill Weekdays radio button. The cells fill as a series from Monday to Friday.
Adjust Column Width
Some of the entries in column B are too long to fit in the column. You can quickly adjust the column width to fit the
longest entry.
1. Move your mouse pointer over the line that separates column B and C. The Width Indicator appears.
After you complete the remainder of the exercise, your worksheet will look like the one shown here.
Fill Times
Fill Numbers
1. Go to cell E1.
2. Type Lesson 1.
3. Grab the fill handle and drag with your mouse to highlight cells E1 to E14. The cells fill in as a series:
Lesson 1, Lesson 2, Lesson 3, and so on.
You can use the Header & Footer button on the Insert tab to create headers and footers. A header is text that
appears at the top of every page of your printed worksheet. A footer is text that appears at the bottom of every
page of your printed worksheet. When you click the Header & Footer button, the Design context tab appears and
Excel changes to Page Layout view. A context tab is a tab that only appears when you need it. Page Layout view
structures your worksheet so that you can easily change the format of your document. You usually work in Normal
view.
You can type in your header or footer or you can use predefined headers and footers. To find predefined headers
and footers, click the Header or Footer button or use the Header & Footer Elements group's buttons. When you
choose a header or footer by clicking the Header or Footer button, Excel centers your choice. The table shown
here describes each of the Header & Footer Elements group button options.
Button Purpose
Both the header and footer areas are divided into three sections: left, right, and center. When you choose a
Header or Footer from the Header & Footer Elements group, where you place your information determines
whether it appears on the left, right, or center of the printed page. You use the Go To Header and Go To Footer
buttons on the Design tab to move between the header and footer areas of your worksheet.
EXERCISE 3
Set Print Options
There are many print options. You set print options on the Page Layout tab. Among other things, you can set your
margins, set your page orientation, and select your paper size.
Margins define the amount of white space that appears on the top, bottom, left, and right edges of your document.
The Margin option on the Page Layout tab provides several standard margin sizes from which you can choose.
There are two page orientations: portrait and landscape. Paper, such as paper sized 8 1/2 by 11, is longer on one
edge than it is on the other. If you print in Portrait, the shortest edge of the paper becomes the top of the page.
Portrait is the default option. If you print in Landscape, the longest edge of the paper becomes the top of the
page.
Portrait
Landscape
Paper comes in a variety of sizes. Most business correspondence uses 8 1/2 by 11 paper, which is the default
page size in Excel. If you are not using 8 1/2 by 11 paper, you can use the Size option on the Page Layout tab to
change the Size setting.
EXERCISE 4
The simplest way to print is to click the Office button, highlight Print on the menu that appears, and then click
Quick Print in the Preview and Print the Document pane. Dotted lines appear on your screen, and your document
prints. The dotted lines indicate the right, left, top, and bottom edges of your printed pages.
You can also use the Print Preview option to print. When using Print Preview, you can see onscreen how your
printed document will look when you print it. If you click the Page Setup button while in Print Preview mode, you
can set page settings such as centering your data on the page.
If your document is several pages long, you can use the Next Page and Previous Page buttons to move forward
and backward through your document. If you check the Show Margins check box, you will see margin lines on
your document. You can click and drag the margin markers to increase or decrease the size of your margins. To
return to Excel, click the Close Print Preview button.
You click the Print button when you are ready to print. The Print dialog box appears. You can choose to print the
entire worksheet or specific pages. If you want to print specific pages, enter the page numbers in the From and To
fields. You can enter the number of copies you want to print in the Number of Copies field.
EXERCISE 5
1. Click the Page Setup button in the Print group. The Page Setup dialog box appears.
2. Choose the Margins tab.
3. Click the Horizontally check box. Excel centers your data horizontally.
4. Click the Vertically check box. Excel centers your data vertically.
5. Click OK. The Page Setup dialog box closes.
This is the end of Lesson 3. You can save and close your file.
Excel Charts
In Excel, you can create charts. A chart is a graphical representation of numbers. This tutorial teaches you how to
create a chart in Excel.
You select a chart type by choosing an option from the Insert tab's Chart group. After you choose a chart type,
such as column, line, or bar, you choose a chart sub-type. For example, after you choose Column Chart, you can
choose to have your chart represented as a two-dimensional chart, a three-dimensional chart, a cylinder chart, a
cone chart, or a pyramid chart. There are further sub-types within each of these categories. As you roll your
mouse pointer over each option, Excel supplies a brief description of each chart sub-type.
Create a Chart
To create the column chart shown above, start by creating the worksheet below exactly as shown.
After you have created the worksheet, you are ready to create your chart.
EXERCISE 1
1. Select cells A3 to D6. You must select all the cells containing the data you want in your chart. You
should also include the data labels.
2. Choose the Insert tab.
3. Click the Column button in the Charts group. A list of column chart sub-types types appears.
4. Click the Clustered Column chart sub-type. Excel creates a Clustered Column chart and the Chart Tools
context tabs appear.
Context tabs are tabs that only appear when you need them. Called Chart Tools, there are three chart context
tabs: Design, Layout, and Format. The tabs become available when you create a new chart or when you click on
a chart. You can use these tabs to customize your chart.
You can determine what your chart displays by choosing a layout. For example, the layout you choose
determines whether your chart displays a title, where the title displays, whether your chart has a legend, where
the legend displays, whether the chart has axis labels and so on. Excel provides several layouts from which you
can choose.
EXERCISE 2
Add Labels
When you apply a layout, Excel may create areas where you can insert labels. You use labels to give your chart a
title or to label your axes. When you applied layout 5, Excel created label areas for a title and for the vertical axis.
EXERCISE 3
Add labels
Before After
1. Select Chart Title. Click on Chart Title and then place your cursor before the C in Chart and hold down
the Shift key while you use the right arrow key to highlight the words Chart Title.
2. Type Toy Sales. Excel adds your title.
3. Select Axis Title. Click on Axis Title. Place your cursor before the A in Axis. Hold down the Shift key
while you use the right arrow key to highlight the words Axis Title.
4. Type Sales. Excel labels the axis.
5. Click anywhere on the chart to end your entry.
Switch Data
If you want to change what displays in your chart, you can switch from row data to column data and vice versa.
EXERCISE 4
Switch Data
Before After
A style is a set of formatting options. You can use a style to change the color and format of your chart. Excel 2007
has several predefined styles that you can use. They are numbered from left to right, starting with 1, which is
located in the upper-left corner.
EXERCISE 5
When you click a chart, handles appear on the right and left sides, the top and bottom, and the corners of the
chart. You can drag the handles on the top and bottom of the chart to increase or decrease the height of the
chart. You can drag the handles on the left and right sides to increase or decrease the width of the chart. You can
drag the handles on the corners to increase or decrease the size of the chart proportionally. You can change the
position of a chart by clicking on an unused area of the chart and dragging.
EXERCISE 6
By default, when you create a chart, Excel embeds the chart in the active worksheet. However, you can move a
chart to another worksheet or to a chart sheet. A chart sheet is a sheet dedicated to a particular chart. By default
Excel names each chart sheet sequentially, starting with Chart1. You can change the name.
EXERCISE 7
Any change you can make to a chart that is embedded in a worksheet, you can also make to a chart sheet. For
example, you can change the chart type from a column chart to a bar chart.
EXERCISE 8
You have reached the end of Lesson 4. You can save and close your file.
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