HOME AUTOMATION USING ARDUINO

ABSTRACT phone or via the internet. This paper presents an innovative low cost
design and implementation of automated ambience control using
This paper presents a low cost and flexible home control and user mood or based on weather conditions, interactive voice based
environmental monitoring system. It employs an embedded micro – response, appliance control, and, home security together with the
web server in Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, with IP design of android application to enable the cell phone to send
connectivity for accessing and controlling devices and appliances commands and receive alerts through the server.
remotely. These devices can be controlled through a web application
or via Bluetooth Android based Smart phone app. The proposed In the present day, security systems play an important role in the
system does not require a dedicated server PC with respect to similar protection of lives and investment. This is achieved by the
systems and offers a novel communication protocol to monitor and incorporation of various subsystems into the security system with a
control the home environment with more than just the switching single control unit such as surveillance, intruder control, access
functionality. To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this control, fire detection, etc. A smart home is one that is equipped with
system, devices such as light switches, power plug, temperature lighting, heating, and electronic devices that can be Today’s world is
sensor, gas sensor and motion sensors have been integrated with the digitized. Starting from our handheld devices to computers to smart
proposed home control system. appliances, our world is digitized. Thus a smart home would be the
next step for a better future. The system efficiently controls the lights
The rapidly advancing mobile communication technology and the and appliances, thus minimizing power consumption.
decrease in costs make it possible to incorporate mobile technology
into home automation systems. We propose a mobile and internet The system makes use of the internet to control the house appliances
based home automation system that consists of a mobile phone with and the lights. Apart from merely switching off and switching on the
android capabilities, an internet based application, and a home lights, the system can control it efficiently using ambient light
server. The home appliances are controlled by the Arduino which sensors and can adjust the lights setting of the home. It enables the
receives commands from the server computer, which operates user to control various aspects of their appliances from a remote
according to the commands received from the mobile application via location through a hand held device. It hence makes a versatile
the wireless network or the internet. In our proposed system the system which expands the mobility of the user. The system
home server is built upon a Wi-Fi technology which receives emphasizes on controlling lights based on human mood, weather or
commands from the client and the command is processed via lighting conditions which gives the user a diverse range of
Arduino, which allows a user to control and monitor any parameters controlling options. Controlled remotely by smartphone or via the
related to the home by using any Java capable cell phone or via the internet.
internet.

In this paper we present a survey for different types of home

automation system. This proposed system has a vast scope and a
limitless application and if implemented to its full functionality can
help minimize energy consumption.
Today’s homes require sophistication control in its different gadgets
which are basically electronic appliances. This has revolutionized the
Keywords: Smart Home, Home Automation, Android Smartphone, area of home automation with respect to an increased level of
Arduino affordability and simplicity through the integration of home
appliances with smart phone and tablet connectivity. Smart phones
are already feature-perfect and can be made to communicate to any
other devices in an ad hoc network with a connectivity options like
Bluetooth. With the advent of mobile phones, Mobile applications
development has seen a major outbreak. Utilizing the opportunity of
automating tasks for a smart home, mobile phone commonly found
in normal household can be joined in a temporary network inside a
home with the electronic equipment. Android, by Google Inc.
provides the platform for the development of the mobile applications
for the Android devices. Home automation system is a mobile
INTRODUCTION application developed using Android targeting its vast market which
will be beneficial for the masses.
We propose a mobile and internet based home automation system
that consists of a mobile phone with android capabilities, an internet Automation of the surrounding environment of a modern human
based application, and a home server. The home appliances are being allows increasing his work efficiency and comfort. There has
controlled by the Arduino which receives commands from the server been a significant development in the area of an individual’s routine
computer, which operates according to the commands received from tasks and those can be automated. In the present times, we can find
the mobile application via the wireless network or the internet. In our most of the people clinging to their mobile phones and smart devices
proposed system the home server is built upon a Wi-Fi technology throughout the day. Hence with the help of his companion – a mobile
which receives commands from the client and the command is phone, some daily household tasks can be accomplished by
processed via Arduino, which allows a user to control and monitor personifying the use of the mobile phone. Analyzing the current
any parameters related to the home by using any Java capable cell smart phone market, novice mobile users are opting for Android
based phones. It has become a second name for a mobile phone in various purpose. Also they have provided real time notification,
layman terms. Home Automation System (HAS) has been designed feedback on web-server in which customers can see what is
for mobile phones having Android platform to automate an 8 bit happening in their home. With the help of logic gates, a Raspberry
Bluetooth interfaced microcontroller which controls a number of pi, 555 timer and flip-flop also the devices are controlled from web
home appliances like lights, fans, bulbs and many more using on/off app. Paper proposed by Shashank Shiva Kumar Jha, Vishwateja
relay. This project presents the automated approach of controlling Mudiam Reddy, Tapan Pokharna, Naresh Vinay shows how this is
the devices in a household that could ease the tasks of using the operated and controlled.
traditional method of the switch. The most famous and efficient
technology for short range wireless communication- Bluetooth is “Programmable Infrared Accessory Light Switch” by Warsuzarina
used here to automate the system. The HAS system for Android Mat Jubadi and Normaziah Zulkifli shows how TV remote is used to
users is a step towards the ease of the tasks by controlling one to control room light and other appliances. Here IR remote and one IR
twenty four different appliances in any home environment. receiver is used and programmed in such a way that it stores the
frequency of the existing remote and use them directly to control
appliances. So, here we introduce Arduino Uno with ESP8266-01
module. This is not only cost-effective but also prove to be the
easiest one when it comes in term of programming and also
implementation.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Now a day’s many more digital appliances are populated in our

homes, it is necessary that all of them have to be networked in such
fashion that they can be monitored and controlled from anywhere, at
any time, by an authenticated person, this is called Smart Home
Automation System (SHAS). Dhawan S. Thakur and Aditi Sharma,
This paper proposes a Voice control and Zigbee based Home
Automation System, in this system user has to give a voice
command to control the in-home appliances. Here Zigbee is used to
communicate between base station and remote station. Both base
station and remote station are placed in such a range that the Zigbee
communication is possible.

This system cannot be used outside the range of Zigbee

communication. Akanksha Singh, Arijit Pal, Bijay Rai, This paper Table- Comparison of Different communication module
proposes a GSM based Home Automation System where user can
control the in-home appliances by sending the SMS to an HAS From table 1, it is observed that Esp8266-01 works on 802.11 b/g/n
placed in home environment. In this system user sends the message protocol whereas Zigbee uses 802.14.5 protocol. Zigbee consumes
to the GSM modem which is interfaced with the microcontroller. least power as 3mW whereas Wi-Fi and Bluetooth consumes nearly
Microcontroller in-turn turns on the required devices through the 100mW. But if we compare speed of Esp8266 has maximum speed
switching module. A GSM and ZigBee based communication and up to 11mbps but Zigbee has only 250kbps. Clearly esp8266 defeat
control for home appliances has been presented by many of Zigbee and Bluetooth not only in cost but also in speed.
researchers the drawback of these systems is that in ZigBee, range
plays important role and in GSM, at remote places there should be
proper coverage of GSM mobile signal. The above mentioned
systems have made momentous endowment to the design and
development of home automation systems. Rajeev Piyare, This paper
proposes an Arduino based Home Automation System, in this
system various sensors are used to sense the data and this data is Homes of the 21st century will become more and more self-
updated on a webpage through the Arduino processor and even user controlled and automated due to the comfort it provides, especially
can control the device through internet. Drawback of this system is when employed in a private home. A home automation system is
Arduino does not have Ethernet shield and compatibility of operating a means that allow users to control electric appliances of varying
system for programming. To overcome this entire drawback we kind. Many existing, well-established home automation systems are
have used a Raspberry Pi as a core processing unit so as to satisfy based on wired communication. This does not pose a problem until
the need of IoT. the system is planned well in advance and installed during the
physical construction of the building. But for already existing
Home automation is a challenging one not only to the developer but
buildings the implementation cost goes very high.
also to the consumer. Developer has to choose the component as per
the customer requirement. Due to all the customer demands are not The Internet of Things (IoT) sometimes referred to as the Internet of
equal hence they have to compromise with the existing products. Objects, will change everything including ourselves. The Internet
Through detailed study of “Home Automation Using Internet of has an impact on education, communication, business, science,
Thing” proposed by Shopan Dey, Ayon Roy and Sandip Das, it is government, and humanity. Clearly, the Internet is one of the most
found that they have used Raspberry pi module to connect ESP8266- important and powerful creations in all of human history and now
01 module to the internet. Through this module they are controlling with the concept of the internet of things, internet becomes more
various devices through web page and also through android favorable to have a smart life in every aspect. Internet of Things is a
application. Venkatesan and Dr. U. Ramachandraiah in their paper new technology of the Internet accessing. By the Internet of Things,
have implemented Zigbee module in Arduino mega through which objects recognize themselves and obtain intelligence behavior by
they are controlling devices. They have used various sensors for making or enabling related decisions thinks to the fact that they can
communicate information about themselves. These objects can Arduino does not have Ethernet shield and compatibility of operating
access information that has been aggregated by other things, or they system for programming.
can add to other services. with the internet of things, anything’s will
able to communicate to the internet at any time from any place to OBJECTIVES
provide any services by any network to anyone. this concept will
create a new types of applications can involve such as smart vehicle The main objective of this project is to design and develop a
and the smart home, to provide many services such as notifications, prototype of a home automation controllable from an Android
security, energy saving, automation, communication, computers and mobile application. Application must be able to perceive and act and
entertainment. to have various types of operation in order to obtain the purpose for
which this technology was invented: maximizing user’s comfort
By developing the IoT technology, testing and deploying products it offering an easy way to personalize home.
will be much close to implementing smart environments by 2020. In
the near future, storage and communication services will be highly The steps that should be taken to achieve the expected result are the
pervasive and distributed: people, machines, smart objects, following:
surrounding space and platforms connected with wireless/wired
1) Determine the scope of the application and delimit the points that
sensors, M2M devices, RFID tags will create a highly decentralized
each mode of operation must deal with.
resources interconnected by a dynamic network of network. In the
IoT, the communication language will be based on interoperable 2) Select the components and software.
protocols, operating in heterogeneous environments and platforms.
IoT in this context is a generic term and all objects can play an active 3) Electronic design.
role to their connection to the Internet bycreating smart
environments, where the role of the Internet has changed. 4) Program the board.

5) Program the mobile application.

6) Build the house model.

Wi-Fi’s technology in home automation has been used primarily due 7) Place and weld the components in the model.
to the networked nature of deployed electronics where electronic
devices such as TVs, mobile devices, etc are usually supported by 8) Test and debug the application.
Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi have started becoming part of the home IP network and
due the increasing rate of adoption of mobile computing devices like
smart phones, tablets, etc. For example a networking to provide
online streaming services or network at homes, may provide a mean
to control of the device functionality over the network. At the same
time mobile devices ensure that consumers have access to a portable
‘controller’ for the electronics connected to the network. Both types
of devices can be used as gateways for IoT applications. By the
concept of the internet of things, homes and buildings may operate
many devices and objects smartly, of the most interesting application
of IoT in smart homes and buildings are smart lighting, smart
environmental and media, air control and central heating, energy
management and security. many more digital appliances are
populated in our homes, it is necessary that all of them have to be
networked in such fashion that they can be monitored and controlled
from anywhere, at any time, by an authenticated person, this is called
Smart Home Automation System (SHAS). Dhawan S. Thakur and
Aditi Sharma, This paper proposes a Voice control and Zigbee based
Home Automation System, in this system user has to give a voice
command to control the in-home appliances. Here Zigbee is used to
communicate between base station and remote station. Both base
station and remote station are placed in such a range that the Zigbee
communication is possible. This system cannot be used outside the
range of Zigbeecommunication. Akanksha Singh, Arijit Pal, Bijay
Rai, This paper proposes a GSM based Home Automation System
where user can control the in-home appliances by sending the SMS
to an HAS placed in home environment. In this system user sends In hardware terms the most important part is the local controller, an
the message to the GSM modem which is interfaced with the Arduino board, which will be the core of the application, the one that
microcontroller. Microcontroller in-turn turns on the required will be communicated with the mobile application and where the
devices through the switching module. A GSM and ZigBee based sensors and actuators will be connected. The sensors needed to
communication and control for home appliances has been presented capture desired environmental variables are temperature, lighting,
by many of researchers the drawback of these systems is that in movement and water level sensors and to control these variables a
ZigBee, range plays important role and in GSM, at remote places fan, some LED, an acoustic warning and a water pump are required.
there should be proper coverage of GSM mobile signal. The above Finally, to make effective the necessary communication between the
mentioned systems have made momentous endowment to the design board and the mobile will be needed a Bluetooth device.
and development of home automation systems. Rajeev Piyare, This
As for software, one of the advantages of using an Arduino board as
paper proposes an Arduino based Home Automation System, in this
a local controller is that it has its own development environment or
system various sensors are used to sense the data and this data is
IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that provides facilities
updated on a webpage through the Arduino processor and even user
for software development. For the other programming part, will be
can control the device through internet. Drawback of this system is
necessary another software to program the mobile application.
 Through android application authorized user can access the system
using Internet, by using router and hardware interface module. The
primary function of the router for the proposed architecture is to
provide data translation services between the Internet through
sending and receiving requests and responses respectively. The main
component is a web server based on Ethernet embedded with
METHODOLOGY
microcontroller. The main task of the server is to get the request,
Proposed model of Home automation system process it and then provide response back to the user. Hardware
interface modules are directly connected with sensors and actuators
through cables. It has the capabilities to control power management
systems like lightings and security systems such as home door locks,
and gate. PIC microcontrollers (Programmable Interface Controllers)
are electronic circuits that can be programmedto carry out a vast
range of tasks. They can be programmed to be timers or to control a
production line and many more. They are found in most electronic
devices such as alarm systems, computer control systems, phones, in
fact almost any electronic device.

Proposed Home Automation System Functions The proposed home

automation system has the capabilities to control the following
components in users home and monitor the following alarms:

• Temperature and humidity

• Gas leakage detection

• Control appliances

• The proposed home automation system can control the following

appliance:

• Lights on/off/dim
Fig: Proposed model of Home automation system
• Fan on/off
The end user can use their mobile phone to log into the system. An
initial check is performed for whether the hardware device is ON or • On/off different appliance
not. Only if the Hardware is authorized and ON then the user is
Authenticated. Once the authentication is done successfully the user • Leakage of gas
is able to send the control signals to the Hardware machine. At the
hardware machine the SL driver program will continuously track for Hardware Description
the change in the status & will accordingly send the signals to the
Circuit. When a user select a change in the status for any of the This hardware implementation contains 4 different parts.
device [ i. e .. ON or Off], the data from the handheld is sent to the
Web Server in a string format, where the Web – site is hosted. On (i)A 16X2 LCD display for displaying status of the system and IP
the server the status is stored in the database in their respective address of the local Wi-Fi network
device field. At the Hardware end, the circuit drive program a web
(ii) Relay for switching the load automatically,
page is [retrieve.aspx] is used to retrieve the status of the devices in a
timely pattern [every 10sec]. These changes come in to form of (iii) Arduino as decision maker and
cookies [ temporary internet files] from the webserver & are stored
on the computer in the name of the web site. Hence every 10 sec as (iv) esp8266 version 1 for connecting to local Wi-Fi.
the page refreshes the new cookie values are updated. The cookie
values are read from the program using the VB component
GETINERNETCOOKIE after a fixed delay. As the program
receives any change in the Device values it send the control signal (i) Arduino UNO
[binary data] accordingly to the required data pin of the parallel port.
The UNO proves to be Arduino’s flagship board for beginner and
An “IOT based ICMS for Home Automation” is a low cost and also for advanced users. The system needs a micro-controller to
flexible system which provides various services for remotely process data and connects different modules for control. This
accessing and operating on home appliances such as lights and fan purpose was solved by Arduino Uno which has ATMEGA328p
on/off automatically as well as manually through android application processor. It has 6 analog input pins and 14 digital input/output
on smart phones, monitoring room temperature , LPG gas leakage, pins[13]. It can operate with either 5V from USB plug or 12V from
gate and door open/close . external power supply. In Arduino Uno pin 1 and 0 are used as
default transmission and receiving pin (Figure).
The similar kind of project can be deployed for other real life
applications hospitals and schools also. The components are
connected to embedded micro-web server, with IP connectivity
either through LAN or Wi-Fi module for accessing, controlling and
monitoring devices and appliances remotely using Android based
Smart phone application. This system receives commands from
remote devices that are manipulated by user. The system in turn
dispatch commands to respective appliances that will perform the
actions. This system also keeps track of the status of the devices.
 through web browser or computer for real time notification ESPlorer
is used.

Implementation

Initially through Arduino programming, the system checks the

modules as well as their connections. If any kind of error is detected
by the system then it will indicate the ERROR status. If no error is
found then the system will indicate the status OK and proceed for
establishing the connection with the local Wi-Fi. Here the system
will again check whether the ESP826601 module is connected to the
internet. If there is no connection then the system will indicate the
ERROR status or else the display will show status SYSTEM
ONLINE and show the IP address. The system will wait for the
signal and switch the load accordingly after receiving the command
Arduino UNO 4-Channel Relay
and update the display.
(ii) 4-Channel
A low cost and efficient smart home system is presented in our
Relay 4-Channel relay is connected to the Arduino Uno and its design. This system has two main modules: the hardware interface
output is connected to the home appliances in a sequence as (i) fan module and the software communication module. At the heart of this
(ii) light (iii) room-heater and (iv) TV set. Relay takes low current system is the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller which is also
and voltage and triggers the switch which is connected to a high capable of functioning as a micro web server and the interface for all
voltage. 4 input pins of relay are connected to Arduino which the hardware modules. All communication and controls in this
takes5V supply from it and can trigger up to 10A, 250V supply system pass through the microcontroller. the smart home system
(Figure). offers feature such as environmental monitoring using the
temperature, humidity, gas and smoke sensors. It also offers
switching functionalities to control lighting, fans/air conditioners,
and other home appliances connected to the relay system. Another
(iii)ESP8266-01 feature of this system is the intrusion detection which it offers using
the motion sensor and all these can be controlled from the Android
The ESP8266-01 is a highly compact board, used as a peripheral smart phone app or web application.
for any board through serial (RX/TX) and also as a standalone board.
The board requires 3.3 V and can be programmed with any FTDI
operating at 3.3 V. The pins include power (+3.3 V and GROUND),
RX / TX, CH_PD to enable the chip and 2 General Purpose Input Working
Output (GPIO) [14].
The basic block diagram of the smart home system is shown in
(iv)WIFI figure. A micro-controller is used to obtain values of physical
conditions through sensors connected to it. These integrated sensors
Wi-Fi(wireless fidelity) is a wireless communication technology such as the temperature sensor read temperature values, the gas
which is used here to provide a hotspot through which ESP8266-01 sensor detects smoke and cooking gas to avoid fire outbreak. The
module can connect. The router will assign a unique IP address to automatic switching on and off of the light is controlled by the Light
the module for establishing a connection between smart phone and Dependent Resistor (LDR) which determines the day light intensity.
ESP8266-01. Also to incorporate security in our design, a motion detector is
integrated using Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR) to detect movement in
(v)Gas Sensor the home when the security system is turned on.
Gas sensor module detects various types of gas in an area. Here the A relay switch is used to send control signals from the micro-
change in value of resistance is used to calculate the gas controller to the electronic device used to achieve the switching on
concentration. Gases like Methane, Propane, ibutane, Alcohol, and off action. A web portal is designed with a one-factor
Smoke, LPG and also hydrogen can be detected using this module. authentication system (username and password) to check authenticity
There are 2 output pins (digital one and analog one). of the home user. It acts as an input device to control the home
appliances and also acts as an output device to read the values of the
(vi)Temperature Sensor physical conditions.
It can measure temperature as well as humidity present in a room.
Its range is less than 20 meters. It has a negative temperature
coefficient (NTC) element and a humidity-sensitive element which is
used to measure temperature between 0-50 degree Celsius.

Software Description

Software Design We have used three different Software for

programming and controlling. IDE is an open-source software which
is not only used for writing programme but also for uploading code
to Arduino. Android application for ESP8266-01 is available in the
play store(Android smart phone) provides a platform to control
different loads. This will only work if it is connected to the IP
address and the port which is provided by the ESP8266-01 module
as shown in Fig.5.User can customize the application like load name,
number of loads, its ON duration etc. For controlling ESP8266-01
 2) System scalability and easy extension: Deploying a wireless
network is especially advantageous when, due to new or changed
requirements, extension of the network is necessary. In contrast to
wired installations, in which cabling extension is tedious. This makes
wireless installations a seminal investment.

3) Aesthetical benefits: Apart from covering a larger area, this

attribute helps to full aesthetical requirements as well. Examples
include representative buildings with all-glass architecture and
historical buildings where design or conservatory reasons do not
allow laying of cables.

4) Integration of mobile devices: With wireless networks, associating

mobile devices such as PDAs and

with the automation system becomes possible everywhere and at

any time, as a device's exact physical location is no longer crucial for
a connection (as long as the device is in reach of the network).

Block Diagram of the Smart Home System

A low cost and efficient smart home system is presented in our

design. This system has two main modules: the hardware interface
module and the software communication module. At the heart of this
EXPECTED OUTCOMES
system is the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller which is also
capable of functioning as a micro web server and the interface for all To construct a wireless home automation system
the hardware modules. All communication and controls in this controlled by a smart phone specially an android device.
system pass through the microcontroller. As we can see in figure 2,
the smart home system offers feature such as environmental Try to find a way to amplify the bluetooth and wi-fi
monitoring using the temperature, humidity, gas and smoke sensors. module signal to work in greater distance.
It also offers switching functionalities to control lighting, fans/air
conditioners, and other home appliances connected to the relay Test each and every component before using them
system. Another feature of this system is the intrusion detection especially the relays for safety purpose.
which it offers using the motion sensor and all these can be
controlled from the Android smart phone app or web application. To construct a home automation system which is
economical, user friendly, and environmental friendly.
Arduino can sense the surroundings by receiving input signal from a
variety of sensors and can affect its environment via actuators. An After the successful connection to the server, the data of sensor are
analog temperature sensor is a chip that tells you what the ambient sent to the web server for monitoring of the system. The figure 4
temperature is. The DHT11 is a basic, ultra low-cost digital shows the web server page which will allow us to monitor and
temperature and humidity sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity control the system. By entering the assigned IP address in the web
sensor and a thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and spits out browser this web server page will appear. The web server gives the
a digital signal on the data pin and is illustrated in figure 3. It is information about the temperature in different places of the house
fairly simple to use, but requires careful timing to grab data and motion state in the house. It also gives the status of the various.

All the required data is stored in the cloud (Gmail). The stored data
can be analyzed at anytime and anywhere. The figure 5 shows the
Advantages of Home automation systems: temperature in degree Celsius stored at different time intervals. And
also it shows the state of the motion detector along with the time. It
In recent years, wireless systems like Wi-Fi have become more and also provides information about time of motion detected and how
more common in home networking. Also in home and building many times as well. All this information is stored in the cloud which
automation systems, the use of wireless technologies gives can be checked by the user any time when away from home.
several advantages that could not be achieved using a wired network
only.

1) Reduced installation costs: First and foremost, installation costs

are significantly reduced since no cabling is necessary. Wired
solutions require cabling, where material as well as the professional
laying of cables (e.g. into walls) is expensive.
 creating a wireless network within the home environment for
controlling and monitoring the smart home environment.

The proposed approach design and implementation of an Ethernet-

based Smart Home intelligent system for monitoring the electrical
energy consumption based upon the real time tracking of the devices
at home an intel galileo 2nd generation development board, which
can be used in homes and societies. The proposed system works on
real time monitoring and voice control, so that the electrical devices
FUTURE SCOPE and switches can be remotely controlled and monitored with or
without an android based app. It uses various sensors to not only
Future scope for the home automation systems involves making monitor the real time device tracking but also maintaining the
homes even smarter. Homes can be interfaced with sensors including security of your house. It is monitored and controlled remotely from
motion sensors, light sensors and temperature sensors and provide an android.
automated toggling of devices based on conditions. More energy can
be conserved by ensuring occupation of the house before turning on Here we have focused on different process of operating or
devices and checking brightness and turning off lights if not controlling electrical and electronic appliances remotely with the
necessary. The system can be integrated closely with home security help of Arduino. This method of controlling such applications is
solutions to allow greater control and safety for home owners. The referred to as automation. The experimental setup which we
next step would be to extend this system to automate a large scale designed has its focal point on controlling different home appliances
environment, such as offices and factories. Home Automation offers providing 100% efficiency. Due to advancement in technology, Wi-
a global standard for interoperable products. Standardization enables Fi network is easily available in all places like home, Office
smart homes that can control appliances, lighting, environment, Building and Industrial Building so proposed wireless network easily
energy management and security as well as the expandability to controlled using any Wi-Fi network. The wiring cost is reduced.
connect with other networks. Since less wiring is required for the switches. This also eliminates
power consumption inside the building when the loads were in off
Using this system as framework, the system can be expanded to conditions. This system is also platform independent allowing any
include various other options which could include home security web browser in any platform to connect ESP8266-01.
feature like capturing the photo of a person moving around the house
and storing it onto the cloud. This will reduce the data storage than This proposed system has a vast scope and a limitless application
using the CCTV camera which will record all the time and stores it. and if implemented to its full functionality can help minimize energy
The system can be expanded for energy monitoring, or weather consumption. Also this project can be used to understand the effect
stations. This kind of a system with respective changes can be of lights on human which in turn can help us build a smart home in
implemented in the hospitals for disable people or in industries near future. The system can be modularized and multiple other
where human invasion is impossible or dangerous, and it can also be components can be attached to the system which will help us achieve
implemented for environmental monitoring. complex functionalities. The system itself would be a smart artificial
brain which would then help us in making an energy efficient world
with low costs. This system in a future perspective can be used to
design an interactive home automation system wherein the system
will respond to human speech making it more realistic to interact
with your home. It can extend a security feature which can use
openCV to detect hand motions, which in emergency may be used to
turn on a remote alarm. Also the system can be made to adapt to
environmental changes and take necessary decisions based on the
external conditions. Also, with the use of artificial intelligence we
can make the system learn the changes that needs to be adapted in a
particular situation. Thus, making the system completely reliable and
managing a hi-tech home with least efforts.

For low cost and flexible home control and monitoring system
using Android based Smart phone is proposed and implemented. The
proposed architecture utilizes a micro web server and Bluetooth
communication as an interoperable application layer for
communicating between the remote user and the home devices. Any
Android based Smart phone with built in support for Wi-Fi can be
CONCLUSIONS used to access and control the devices at home. When a Wi-Fi
connection is not available, mobile cellular networks such as 3G or
In this paper, a novel architecture for low cost and flexible home 4G can be used to access the system. The system also uses the
control and monitoring system using Android based Smart phone is Google speech recognition engine thus eliminating the need for an
proposed and implemented. The proposed architecture utilizes a external voice recognition module. Prospective future works include
micro web server and Bluetooth communication as an interoperable incorporating SMS and call alerts, and reducing the wiring changes
application layer for communicating between the remote user and the for installing the proposed system in pre-existing houses by creating
home devices. Any Android based Smart phone with built in support a wireless network within the home environment for controlling and
for Wi-Fi can be used to access and control the devices at home. monitoring the smart home environment.
When a Wi-Fi connection is not available, mobile cellular networks
such as 3G or 4G can be used to access the system. The system also
uses the Google speech recognition engine thus eliminating the need
for an external voice recognition module. Prospective future works
include incorporating SMS and call alerts, and reducing thewiring
changes for installing the proposed system in pre-existing houses by
 [19] Violino, B, The 'Internet of things' will mean really, really big
data, InfoWorld, 2013.
http://www.infoworld.com/article/2611319/computer-hardware/the--
internet-of-things-will-mean-really--really-big-data.html

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