Ather Porosity standard

Zone A
Applicable for All the surfaces responsible for sealing with or wothout any kind of Sealant
PRoduction Processes Casting Part by HPDC, LPDC, GDC & Investment Casting
Prepared Date: 11/Apr/2020

Type Root Cause Features

Pin Point Porosity

- Small in shape
- Entrapment of - Round and smooth surface
Desolved gases in metal. - depth not more than 1.5mm
- generally happen in clusters

Type Root Cause Features

Gas/ Blow hole
Porosity

- Entrapment off foreign

gases during part - Round in shape and smooth
solidification internal surface.

Type Root Cause Features

kage Porosity

- Looks like crack formation

- - Generally elongated in shape
- Rough and cracky internal
surface
Shrinkage Porosity
- Looks like crack formation
- - Generally elongated in shape
- Rough and cracky internal
surface
ity standard
Checked By:
t any kind of SealantReviewed By:
Revision No
Revised date

Reference Photo

Reference Photo

Reference Photo
 Casting Porosity Acceptance Criteria for Machined sealing Surfaces - Zone A

Zone A Checked By:

Applicable for All the surfaces responsible for sealing with or wothout any kind of Sealant or "O" ring, Gaskits or liquid sealants. Reviewed By:
PRoduction Processes Casting Part by HPDC, LPDC, GDC & Investment Casting Revision No
Prepared Date: 11/Apr/2020 Revised date

Point: 1, 2 & 3
Pin hole of
Dia.0.6mm max

Acceptance Criterias:- Generally applicable for sealing with "O" ring or Gaskits.
Max. 4 pin point in
Dia.10 area.
1. Pin point porosity not larger than 0.6mm with depth of max 1mm.
Level-1

2. Max. 4 pits are allowed in Dia. 10mm area with pitch of min. 5mm
Pitch 5mm or
more
4. Pit holes must be minimum 2mm away from any threaded or machines hole.

5. No Gas or Shrinkage porosity is allowed.

6. Part must qualify the leak test as per mentioned in drawing.

minimum distace
2mm from threaded
holes including
chamfer

Point: 1, 2 & 3 Point: 4&5

Pin hole of
Dia.1.2mm max
Acceptance Criterias:- Not applicable for "O" ring and rubber sealing, Applicable for
area with Sealant sealing.
1. Pin point porosity not larger than 1.2mm with depth of max 1.5mm. Max. 4 pin point in
Dia.10 area. Sealing area
thickness: 10mm
Level 2

2. Max. 4 pits are allowed in Dia. 10mm area with pitch of min. 5mm
Max. 5 Gen or
Pitch 5mm or
3. Pit holes must be minimum 2mm away from any threaded or machines hole. more
Shrinkage porosity is
allowed in total
sealing surface.

4. Gas or Shrinkage porosity with max 30% of sealing area thickness with Pitch of 7mm min.
Pitch 7mm or
more
5. Max. 5nos. of Gas or shrinkage porosity is allowed at total sealing area.

6. Part must qualify the leak test as per mentioned in drawing. minimum distace
2mm from threaded
Max size of porosity:
3mm (30% of sealing
holes including area thickness)
chamfer
Level 3

NA.

For other than specified areas, Internal Porosity upto Level-5 as per ASTM E155 and ASTM E2422 is allowed.
 Casting Porosity Acceptance Criteria for Functional Machined Surfaces - Zone B

Zone B Checked By:

Applicable for All machined surfaces, Except, sealing surfaces, threaed holes, slots, clearance holes and dowels. Reviewed By:
PRoduction Processes Casting Part by HPDC, LPDC, GDC & Investment Casting Revision No
Prepared Date: 11/Apr/2020 Revised date

Point: 1 & 2 Point: 4

Point: 3
Pin hole of
Dia.0.6mm max

Pitch 2mm or
more Machined surface
Acceptance Criterias:- Machined surface Local Thickness
Machined surface
Machined surface
Max. 7 pin point
in Dia.10 area. Local Thickness
>16mm
1. Pin point porosity not larger than 0.6mm with depth of max 1mm.
Level-1

Pitch 30mm or
Pitch 30mm or
2. Clustered pin holes of Max. 7 pin holes with minimum pitch of 2mm in dia.10mm circle.

more
more
Max two clusers in Dia.50 cirlce are allowed.
Max. 2 clusters
3. For part thickness upto 16mm, Gas or Shrinkage porosity with dia. and depth upto max inDia.50mm circle.

Pitch 30mm or
20% of local part thickness with minimum pitch of 30mm.

more
Pitch 30mm or
4. For part thickness more than 16mm Gas or Shrinkage porosity of Max. dia. 5mm & Depth

more
5mm can be accepted with minimum pitch of 30mm. Dia. and depth max. Dia. and depth max.
20% of local 5mm
thickness.

Point: 1 & 2 Point: 4

Point: 3
Pin hole of
Dia.1mm max

Acceptance Criterias:- Pitch 2mm or

more Machined surface Machined surface
Machined surface Local Thickness Machined surface
Max. 10pin point in
Local Thickness
1. Pin point porosity not larger than 1mm with depth of max 1mm. Dia.10 area.
>16mm
Level 2

Pitch 20mm or
2. Clustered pin holes of Max. 10 pin holes with minimum pitch of 2mm in dia.10mm circle.

Pitch 30mm or

more
Max two clusers in Dia.50 cirlce are allowed.

more
3. For part thickness upto 16mm, Gas or Shrinkage porosity with dia. and depth upto max Max. 2 clusters
30% of local part thickness with minimum pitch of 30mm. inDia.50mm circle.

Pitch 20mm or
more
4. For part thickness more than 16mm Gas or Shrinkage porosity of Max. dia. 5mm & Depth

Pitch 30mm or
5mm can be accepted with pitch of 20mm.

more
Dia. and depth max. Dia. and depth max.
30% of local 5mm
thickness.

Point: 1 & 2 Point: 4

Point: 3
Pin hole of
Dia.1.2mm max

Pitch 2mm or
Acceptance Criterias:- more Machined surface
Machined surface
Machined surface
Machined surface Local Thickness
Max. 15 pin point
in Dia.10 area. Local Thickness
1. Pin point porosity not larger than 1.2mm with depth of max 1.5mm. >16mm
Level 3

Pitch 20mm or
Pitch 30mm or
2. Clustered pin holes of Max. 15 pin holes with minimum pitch of 2mm in dia.10mm circle.

more
more
Max two clusers in Dia.50 cirlce are allowed.

3. For part thickness upto 16mm, Gas or Shrinkage porosity with dia. and depth upto max Max. 2 clusters
inDia.50mm circle.
30% of local part thickness with minimum pitch of 30mm.

Pitch 20mm or
more
4. For part thickness more than 16mm Gas or Shrinkage porosity of Max. dia. 5mm & Depth

Pitch 30mm or
5mm can be accepted with pitch of 20mm.

more
Dia. and depth max. Dia. and depth max.
30% of local 5mm
thickness.

For other than specified areas, Internal Porosity upto Level-5 as per ASTM E155 and ASTM E2422 is allowed.
 Casting Porosity Acceptance Criteria for Threaded holes - Zone C

Zone B Checked By:

Applicable for All threaded holes Reviewed By:
PRoduction Processes Casting Part by HPDC, LPDC, GDC & Investment Casting Revision No
Prepared Date: 11/Apr/2020 Revised date

Point: 1, 2& 3

Porosity Acceptance Criteria: "Zone-C

"Acceptance Criterias:-
Level-1

1. No Shrinkage/Gas porosity allowed upto M6 threads, and porosity not larger than 2mm
upto M14 threads.
No Porosity allowed
2. No shrinkage/Gas porosity should present in first three threads. upto M6 thread,
Porosity of 2mm
upto M14 threads.
3. Maximum 2 pits (should not be connected) are allowed in single threaded hole.

Point: 1, 2& 3

Porosity Acceptance Criteria: "Zone-C

"Acceptance Criterias:-
Level 2

1. Shrinkage/Gas porosity not larger than 1.5mm upto M6 threads, and porosity not lasrger
than 3mm upto M14 threads.
Porosity of 1.5mm
2. No shrinkage/Gas porosity should present in first three threads. upto M6 thread,
Porosity of 3mm
upto M14 threads.

3. Maximum 2 pits (should not be connected) are allowed in single threaded hole.
Level 3

NA

For other than specified areas, Internal Porosity upto Level-5 as per ASTM E155 and ASTM E2422 is allowed.
 Casting Porosity Acceptance Criteria for Clearance holes & dowels- Zone D

Zone B Checked By:

Applicable for All Clearance holes and Dowel holes Reviewed By:
PRoduction Processes Casting Part by HPDC, LPDC, GDC & Investment Casting Revision No
Prepared Date: 11/Apr/2020 Revised date

No porosity allowed
upto 3mm
Acceptance Criterias:-
Zone "D" (Dowels)
1. Porosity not larger than 1.5mm.
2. No pits/prosity should be present at first 3mm from the top including chamfer.
Level-1

3. Muximum 1 pits (should not be connected) are allowed.

Zone "E" (Clearance Holes)

1. Pin point porosity not larger than 1.5mm with pitch of 5mm.
2. Depth of porosity should be less than 20% of local area thickness. (Applicable for corner
holes)
3. Chain porosity not larger than 3mm with maximum 1 in single hole. (any one, pin point or
chain porosity is allowed)
4. No pits/prosity should be present at first 3mm from the top including chamfer.

No porosity allowed
upto 3mm
Acceptance Criterias:-
Zone "D" (Dowels)
1. Porosity not larger than 2mm.
2. No pits/prosity should be present at first 3mm from the top including chamfer.
Level 2

3. Muximum 2 pits (should not be connected) are allowed.

Zone "E" (Clearance Holes)

1. Pin point porosity not larger than 2mm with pitch of 5mm.
2. Depth of porosity should be less than 30% of local area thickness. (Applicable for corner
holes)
3. Chain porosity not larger than 4mm with maximum 1 in single hole. (any one, pin point or
chain porosity is allowed)
4. No pits/prosity should be present at first 3mm from the top including chamfer.
Level 3

NA

For other than specified areas, Internal Porosity upto Level-5 as per ASTM E155 and ASTM E2422 is allowed.