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Virtual Lab-Point Mutations

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4K views

Virtual Lab-Point Mutations

Uploaded by

Andy Rodriguez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Investigation of Point Mutations

What are mutations and how do they occur?

Record Data and Observations You should be able to type in the lined spaces; just
click above the line to type. Answers with lined spaces should be detailed and in
complete sentences.

Part 1
1. Describe the result of the substitution mutation that occurs when you substitute the base
C (cytosine), G (guanine), or T (thymine) for the adenine (A) in the first DNA codon in
Part 1. Be sure to identify which substitution you made (C, G, or T).

I changed the adenine for guanine.


This caused the first amino acid strand changed from Leu to Pro.

Parts 2 and 3
2. Use the space below to type out the original sequences of DNA, RNA, and amino acids
in this activity before any mutations occurred.

DNA: GAC TAC TCG CCT

RNA: CUG AUG AGC GGA

Amino Acids: Leu-Met-Ser-Gly

3. Describe the results of the single base deletion mutations.

When I deleted the last cytosine in the DNA it shifted everything after to the left by one
place. This caused the last DNA to be “CTG” instead of “CCT.” This resulted in the
amino acid to go from Gly to Asp.

4. Describe the results of the single base insertion mutations.

When I inserted another adenine it caused everything else to shift over to the right by
One. This changed the strand to GAC-TAA-CTC-GCC. The RNA became
CUG-AUU-GAG-CGG. Causing the amino acid sequence to be Leu-Ile-Glu-Arg.

Investigation of Point Mutations • Copyright © by Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
Part 4
5. Summarize the difference(s) you observed between the model of the white-eyed fly’s
DNA sequence and the model of the red-eyed fly’s DNA sequence.
In the red eyed the last six are TCA-GCT whereas the white eyed are TCA-ACT.
So the only difference in their DNA sequences are a guanine in the red eyed and an
Adenine in the white eyed.

Analyze and Conclude


6. Describe Patterns Describe the general effect(s) that mutations can have on an
organism.
General effects are beneficial (increases fitness or promotes desirable traits), Harmful (
Decreases fitness), or Neutral (has no effect).

7. Analyze Data Compare and contrast the three different types of mutations in this activity
and their results.
Deletion and insertion mutations both cause shifts in the DNA sequence compared to
Substitution that does not cause a shift. Both deletion and insertion effect the section
DNA, RNA, and amino acid where it occurs plus anything after it whereas substitution
only effects the area that it occurs but nothing after.

8. Relate Cause and Effect Are all mutations bad? Explain.


No, not all mutations are bad. Some mutations (beneficial) can prove to be helpful to an
Organism. For example a farmer could be using a pesticide but it damages his crops.

Investigation of Point Mutations • Copyright © by Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
One of the plants could have a mutation that protects it from the pesticide so then the
Crop remains undamaged.

Investigation of Point Mutations • Copyright © by Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

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