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Electric Current and Heat Transfer in Water

The document calculates the maximum allowable electric current and the rate of heat transfer to air per unit length for an electrically heated tube. It is given that the tube has an inner radius of 25 mm and outer radius of 35 mm. It first calculates the maximum current as 6328.7 A. It then calculates the heat transfer rates as 14873.86 W/m for a convection coefficient of 100 W/m2K, 61340.37 W/m for 500 W/m2K, and 100641.296 W/m for 1000 W/m2K.

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YogeshThakur
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65 views3 pages

Electric Current and Heat Transfer in Water

The document calculates the maximum allowable electric current and the rate of heat transfer to air per unit length for an electrically heated tube. It is given that the tube has an inner radius of 25 mm and outer radius of 35 mm. It first calculates the maximum current as 6328.7 A. It then calculates the heat transfer rates as 14873.86 W/m for a convection coefficient of 100 W/m2K, 61340.37 W/m for 500 W/m2K, and 100641.296 W/m for 1000 W/m2K.

Uploaded by

YogeshThakur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

<!

--<SUB-PART>-->
(a)

<!--<TO-DETERMINE>-->

The maximum allowable electric current I

<!--</TO-DETERMINE>-->

<!--<ANSWER>-->

The maximum allowable electric current I is 6328.7 A

<!--</ANSWER>-->

<!--<EXPLANATION>-->

Given:

The electrical resistivity is


 e  0.7  106   m

The thermal conductivity of the tube wall material is k  15 W m-K


r  25 mm
The inner radius of the tube wall is 1
r  35 mm
The outer radius of the tube wall is 2
The maximum allowable temperature is max.
T  1400 K
T  400 K
The free stream temperature is 
The convection coefficient is h  100 W m -K
2

Formula used:

The expression for the resistance of a conductor is given as,


L
R e
A
Here, L is the length of the conductor and A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor.

The expression for the electric heat energy generated is given as,
H  I 2R

The expression for the heat transfer in case of a cylinder is given as,
 T  T  2 L
q  max. 
r
ln 2
r1 1

k hr1
Calculation:

The resistance per unit length can be calculated as,


R 

L A
e

  r2 2  r12 
0.7  106   m

 2  1m 
2
2 1m  
2

  35 mm      25 mm    
  1000 mm   1000 mm  
 3.7136  104  m

The heat transfer per unit length in a cylinder can be calculated as,
 T  T  2 L
q  max. 
r
ln 2
r1 1

k hr1
q  Tmax.  T  2

L r
ln 2
r1 1

k hr1
 1400 K  400 K  2

35 mm
ln
25 mm 1

15 W m-K  1m 
 100 W m 2
-K   25 mm  
1000 mm 

 14873.85 W m

The maximum allowable current can be calculated as,


q I2R

L L
14873.85  W m   I 2   3.7136  104  m 
I  6328.7 A

Conclusion:

The maximum allowable electric current I is 6328.7 A

<!--</EXPLANATION>-->

<!--</SUB-PART>-->
(a)

<!--<SUB-PART>-->
(b)

<!--<TO-DETERMINE>-->

The rate of heat transfer to the air per unit length for different values of convective
coefficients.

<!--</TO-DETERMINE>-->

<!--<ANSWER>-->

The rate of heat transfer to the air per unit length for h  100 W m -K is
14873.86 W m

The rate of heat transfer to the air per unit length for h  500 W m -K is
61340.37 W m

The rate of heat transfer to the air per unit length for h  1000 W m -K is
100641.296 W m

<!--</ANSWER>-->

<!--<EXPLANATION>-->

Given:

The electrical resistivity is  e  0.7  10   m


6

The thermal conductivity of the tube wall material is k  15 W m-K


r  25 mm
The inner radius of the tube wall is 1
r  35 mm
The outer radius of the tube wall is 2
The maximum allowable temperature is max.
T  1400 K
T  400 K
The free stream temperature is 
The convection coefficients are h  100 W m -K , h  500 W m -K
2 2
and
h  1000 W m -K2

Formula used:

The expression for the resistance of a conductor is given as,


L
R e
A
Here, L is the length of the conductor and A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor.

The expression for the electric heat energy generated is given as,
H  I 2R

The expression for the heat transfer in case of a cylinder is given as,
 T  T  2 L
q  max. 
r
ln 2
r1 1

k hr1
Calculation:

The resistance per unit length can be calculated as,


R 

L A
e

  r2 2  r12 
0.7  106   m

 2  1m 
2
2 1m  
2

  35 mm      25 mm    
  1000 mm   1000 mm  
 3.7136  104  m

The heat transfer per unit length in a cylinder can be calculated as,
 T  T  2 L
q  max. 
r
ln 2
r1 1

k hr1
q  Tmax.  T  2

L r
ln 2
r1 1

k hr1

Substitute h  100 W m -K in the above expression,


2

q  1400 K  400 K  2

L 35 mm
ln
25 mm 1

15 W m-K  1m 
 100 W m 2 -K   25 mm  1000 
mm 

 14873.85 W m
Substitute h  500 W m -K in the above expression:
2

q  1400 K  400 K  2

L 35 mm
ln
25 mm 1

15 W m-K  1m 
 500 W m 2 -K   25 mm  1000 
mm 

 61340.37 W m

Substitute h  1000 W m -K in the above expression:


2

q  1400 K  400 K  2

L 35 mm
ln
25 mm 1

15 W m-K  1m 
 1000 W m2 -K   25 mm  1000 
mm 

 100641.296 W m

Conclusion:

The rate of heat transfer to the air per unit length for h  100 W m -K is
14873.86 W m

The rate of heat transfer to the air per unit length for h  500 W m -K is
61340.37 W m

The rate of heat transfer to the air per unit length for h  1000 W m -K is
100641.296 W m

<!--</EXPLANATION>-->

<!--</SUB-PART>-->
(b)

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