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10. حياة الرسول - الفترة المكّية

The document summarizes the early life of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) during his time in Mecca in 3 parts: 1. His birth in Mecca in the year of the Elephant to parents from the Quraysh tribe. 2. How he was protected by God and achieved a high status among his people before receiving prophethood at age 40 when the archangel Gabriel first revealed verses of the Quran to him in a cave. 3. The difficulties he faced in spreading Islam after the death of his uncle Abu Talib, such as harassment from the Quraysh which led him to seek help from the Thaqif tribe in Ta'if but they only

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fahd ben amor
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764 views2 pages

10. حياة الرسول - الفترة المكّية

The document summarizes the early life of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) during his time in Mecca in 3 parts: 1. His birth in Mecca in the year of the Elephant to parents from the Quraysh tribe. 2. How he was protected by God and achieved a high status among his people before receiving prophethood at age 40 when the archangel Gabriel first revealed verses of the Quran to him in a cave. 3. The difficulties he faced in spreading Islam after the death of his uncle Abu Talib, such as harassment from the Quraysh which led him to seek help from the Thaqif tribe in Ta'if but they only

Uploaded by

fahd ben amor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻜﹼﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺳﻮﻝ ﺻﻠﹼﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﹼﻢ ‪:‬‬


‫ﰲ ﻣﻜﹼﺔ ﺍﳌﹸﻜﺮ‪‬ﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﲏ ﺍﳍﺎﻡ ﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ ‪ 12‬ﺭﺑﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻭ‪‬ﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻞ*‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﺪ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﻲ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﳏﻤ‪‬ﺪ ﺻﻠﹼﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﹼﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻉ ﹸﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺏ ﻳﺪﻋﻰ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﺐ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻡ ﺗﺪﻋﻰ‬
‫ﺁﻣﻨﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻭﻫﺐ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮ‪‬ﺓ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺻﻠﹼﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﹼﻢ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻭﻻﺩﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻜﻠﺆﻩ ﻭﳛﻔﻈﻪ ﻭﳛﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺬﺍﺭ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻠﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﻣﺮﻭﺀﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﲰﺎﻫﻢ ﺧﻠﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃ ﻛﺮﻣﻬﻢ ﺣﺴﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺻﺪﻗﻬﻢ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻋﻈﻤﻬﻢ ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﹸﻟﻘﱢـﺐ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻣـﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺎﺩﻕ ﺍﻷﻣﲔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺑﺎﻗﺘﺮﺍﺏ ﻣﻮﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﺪ‪‬ﺩﻩ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻨﺒﻴ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﺃﺕ ﻋﻼﻣﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ‪‬ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺅﻯ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﺻﻠﹼﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﹼﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺘﻜﻒ ﻭﳜﺘﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﰲ ﻏﺎﺭ ﺣﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﺄﻣ‪‬ﻞ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﻭﻳﺴﺎﺀﻝ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻖ‪ ،‬ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﺟـﺎﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺘﺤﻘﹼﻖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺻﺎﺭ ﻳ‪‬ﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺫﺍﺕ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻴﺎﱄ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ﺟﱪﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻼﻡ )ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻤﺎﺀ( ﰲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺮﺏ ﻣﻨـﻪ ﻭﺿـﻤ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺻﺪﺭﻩ ﻭﺗﻼ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻖ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺒﻮ‪‬ﺓ‪.‬‬

‫* ﲰ‪‬ﻲ ﺑﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻔﻴﻞ ﺃﺑﺮﻫﺔ ﺍﻷﺷﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺷ ‪‬ﻦ ﻫﺠﻮﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻗﺼﺪ ﻫﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﹼﱵ ﺃﺣﻀﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺒﺸﺔ ﻭﻟﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﺭﺳﻞ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻃﲑﺍ ﺃﺑﺎﺑﻴﻞ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻬﻢ ﲝﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺠﻴﻞ ﻓﺠﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﻛﻌﺼﻒ ﻣﺄﻛﻮﻝ‪.‬‬

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‫‪ -3‬ﺍﻟﺼ‪‬ﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﹼﱵ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺿﺖ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺳﻮﻝ ﰲ ﻧﺸﺮ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻌﺮ‪‬ﺽ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺳﻮﻝ ﺻﻠﹼﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﹼﻢ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺫﻯ ﻭﺗﻔﺎﻗﻢ ﲟﻮﺕ ﻋﻤ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‪،‬‬
‫ﳑ‪‬ﺎ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ ﻟﻠﻄﹼﺎﺋﻒ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻜﹼﺔ ﺣﻮﺍﱄ ‪ 70‬ﻛﻢ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺛﻘﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨ‪‬ﻪ ﱂ ﻳﻠﻖ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﻹﻫﺎﻧﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﻛﻞﹼ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻇﻞﹼ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻳﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻃﻔﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﳌـﺸﺮﻛﲔ ﻓﺄﺧـﺬﻭﺍ ﻳﻌـﺬﹼﺑﻮ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺴﺠﻨﻮ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻘﺘﻠﻮ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺮ‪‬ﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﻭﺍﻹﻫﺎﻧﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﻛ ﹼﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻇ ﹼﻞ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻳﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻃﻔﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﳌـﺸﺮﻛﲔ ﻓﺄﺧـﺬﻭﺍ ﻳﻌـﺬﹼﺑﻮ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺴﺠﻨﻮ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻘﺘﻠﻮ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺮ‪‬ﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪.‬‬

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