y = q0 + qAxA + qBxB + qABxAxB

a1 a2 a1 a2
b1 5 20 12.5 b1 10 20 15
b2 20 5 12.5 a2 6 10 8
12.5 12.5 0 8 15 7

Chart Title Chart Title

25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5 0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2
0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2
b1 a2
b1 b2

a1 a2 a1 a2
b1 10 3 6.5 b1 8 2
b2 3 1 2 b2 3 8
6.5 2 4.5

Chart Title
12 Chart Title
10
8 10
6 8
4 6
2 4
0 2
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2
b1 b2
b1 b2

a1 a2 a1 a2
b1 10 10 10 b1 10 7
b2 5 5 5 b2 8 5
2.5 7.5 7.5 5 3 9 6

Chart Title Chart Title

12 12
10
10
8
8
6
6 4

4 2
 Chart Title Chart Title
12 12
10
10
8
8
6
6 4

4 2
0
2 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

0 b1 b2
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

b1 b2

a1 a2 a1
b1 6 6 6 b1 8
b2 5.9 5.9 6 b2 8
6 6 8

Chart Title Chart Title

10 9
9 8
7
8
6
7 5
6 4
5 3
2
4
1
3 0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2
2
1 b1 b2
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

b1 b2

a1 a2 a3 Chart Title
b1 12 15 13 16
b2 8 11 10 14
b3 9 13 12 12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

b1 b2 b3

Anova: Two-Factor Without Replication

SUMMARY Count Sum Average Variance

b1 3 40 13.33333 2.333333
b2 3 29 9.666667 2.333333
b3 3 34 11.33333 4.333333
 a1 3 29 9.666667 4.333333
a2 3 39 13 4
a3 3 35 11.66667 2.333333

ANOVA
Source of VariationSS df MS F P-value F crit
Rows 20.22222 2 10.11111 36.4 0.002713 6.944272
Columns 16.88889 2 8.444444 30.4 0.00381 6.944272
Error 1.111111 4 0.277778

Total 38.22222 8
 a1 a2
b1 20 5 12.5
b2 10 10 10
b3 15 0 7.5
b4 5 5 0
12.5 5

Chart Title
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

a1 a2

a1 a2
b1 5 8
b2 4 7

Chart Title
10
8
6
4
2
0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

b1 b2

a1 a2
8.5 b1 10 5 7.5
6.5 b2 9.8 4.8 7.5
2 10 10

Chart Title
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
 Chart Title
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

2 2.2 b1 b2

a2
8 8
3 5.5
5.5

art Title

4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

b1 b2

Title

2.5 3 3.5

b2 b3
 This is one exmple shows detailes of calculating sums of squares SST, SST between, SS within, SS interaction, SS error in tow w
A
a1 a2
s1 4 4
6 8
B 8 9
s2 6 7
6 10
9 13 Chart Title
s3 8 12 18
16
9 14 14
13 16 12
10
8
6
4
Anova: Two-Factor With Replication 2
0 with overall mean
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SUMMARY a1 a2 Total
s1 a1 a2

Count 3 3 6
Sum 18 21 39
Average 6 7 6.5
Variance 4 7 4.7

s2
Count 3 3 6
Sum 21 30 51
Average 7 10 8.5
Variance 3 9 7.5

s3
Count 3 3 6
Sum 30 42 72
Average 10 14 12
Variance 7 4 9.2

Total
Count 9 9
Sum 69 93
Average 7.666667 10.33333
Variance 6.75 14.25

ANOVA compaire with sig level

Source of VariationSS df MS F P-value F crit
Sample 93 2 46.5 8.20588235294 0.0056767297582 3.885293834652
Columns 32 1 32 5.64705882353 0.0349943506199 4.747225346723
Interaction 7 2 3.5 0.61764705882 0.5555023440712 3.885293834652
Within 68 12 5.666666666667

Total 200 17
SS interaction, SS error in tow way anova with replication
a1 a2 sst
s1 4 4 8 4 4 25 25
6 8 14 6 8 9 1
8 9 17 8 9 1 0
6 7 6.5
s2 6 7 13 6 7 9 4
6 10 16 6 10 9 1
9 13 22 9 13 0 16
7 10 8.5
s3 8 12 20 8 12 1 9
9 14 23 9 14 0 25
13 16 29 13 16 16 49
10 14 162 12 10 14 70 130
7.7 10.3 9 9 200
with overall mean SSA a1 a2 SSB 6.5,8.5,12 6.5,8.5,12
7 8 9 10
4 1.8 4 1.8 4 6.25 4
6 1.8 8 1.8 6 6.25 8
8 1.8 9 1.8 8 6.25 9
6 1.8 7 1.8 6 0.25 7
6 1.8 10 1.8 6 0.25 10
9 1.8 13 1.8 9 0.25 13
8 1.8 12 1.8 8 9 12
9 1.8 14 1.8 9 9 14
13 1.8 16 1.8 13 9 16
16 16.0 32 46.5

SS within
4 4 4 9
6 0 8 1
8 4 9 4
6 1 7 9
6 1 10 0
9 4 13 9
8 4 12 4
9 1 14 0
13 9 16 4
28 40 68

F(2,12)= 8.2 from table 3.89 < 8.2

F(1,12)= 5.64 p < 0.05 (95% confidence) from table 4.75 < 5.64
F(1,12)= 0.617 from table3.89 > 0.617
 a1 a2
b1 6 7
b2 7 10
b3 10 14

(with overall mean)

6.25
6.25
6.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
9
9
9
46.5 93
 A B C x - x''
82 71 64 217 55.893
93 62 73 228 341.370
61 85 87 233 182.893
74 94 91 259 0.274
69 78 56 203 30.512
70 66 78 214 20.465
53 71 87 211 70.33 463.274
502 527 536 74.523809524 1094.683
71.714 75.286 76.571
55.254 4.063 29.349 88.667 mean of each sample from overall mean

difefrence between each point and col mean

105.796 18.367 158.041
453.082 176.510 12.755
114.796 94.367 108.755
5.224 350.224 208.184
7.367 7.367 423.184
2.939 86.224 2.041
350.224 18.367 108.755
1039.429 751.429 1021.714 2812.571 within

Anova: Single Factor

SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
A 7 502 71.714 173.238
B 7 527 75.286 125.238
C 7 536 76.571 170.286

ANOVA 0.283726128
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value
Between Groups 88.66666667 2 44.333 0.284 0.756
Within Groups 2812.571429 18 156.254

Total 2901.238095 20

R V Z
144 101 130
120 144 180
176 211 141
288 288 374
144 72 302
 12.417 110.751
156.846 2.322
109.751 155.655
379.322 271.465
12.084 343.132
72.655 12.084
12.417 155.655
755.492 1051.063 2901.238 SST

verall mean size * (col mean - overall mean) between

tables
F crit
3.555
 RCPU VCPU ZCPU
144 101 130 924.16 3868.84 9101.16 13894.16 RCPU
120 144 180 2959.36 368.64 2061.16 5389.16 144
176 211 141 2.56 2284.84 7123.36 9410.76 120
288 288 374 12904.96 15575.04 22081.96 50561.96 176
144 72 302 924.16 8317.44 5867.56 15109.16 288
872 816 1127 187.6667 94365.2 144
174.4 163.2 225.4 872

880.0222 2993.089 7119.022222 10992.13

Anova: Single Factor

SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
RCPU 5 872 174.4 4428.8
VCPU 5 816 163.2 7603.7
ZCPU 5 1127 225.4 11558.8
ANOVA
Source of VariationSS df MS F P-value F crit
Between G 10992.13 2 5496.067 0.69891 0.516277 3.885294 find f table
Within Gro 94365.2 12 7863.767

Total 105357.3 14
 x - x'' points - overall mean squared
VCPU ZCPU
101 130 1906.778 7511.111 3325.444 12743.33
144 180 4578.778 1906.778 58.77778 6544.333
211 141 136.1111 544.4444 2177.778 2858.333
288 374 10066.78 10066.78 34720.11 54853.67
72 302 1906.778 13378.78 13072.11 28357.67
816 1127 187.6667
105357.3

SSY with mean 0

SSY'
 17.1,17.2,17.3, case 17.1
-1 1
4m 16m I A
-1 c1 15 45 30 .(1) 1.00 -1.00
1 c2 25 75 50 a 1.00 1.00
20 60 40 b 1.00 -1.00
ab 1.00 1.00
25 225 500 with interaction
25 225 yi = q0 + qAxAi + qBxBi + qABxAixBi
800 800
Chart Titl
Anova: Two-Factor Without Replication 80
60
SUMMARY Count Sum Average Variance
40
c1 2 60 30 450
20
c2 2 100 50 1250
0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1
4m 2 40 20 50
16m 2 120 60 450 c1 c2

variation
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Rows 400 1 400 4 0.2951672353 161.4476
Columns 1600 1 1600 16 0.1559582608 161.4476
Error 100 1 100

Total 2100 3

20 10 5
 -1 1
Crossbar Omega I A B
-1 Random 0.6041 0.422 0.51305 1.00 -1.00 -1.00
1 Matrix 0.7922 0.4717 0.63195 1.00 1.00 -1.00
0.69815 0.44685 1.00 -1.00 1.00
Anova: Two-Factor Without Replication 1.00 1.00 1.00

SUMMARY Count Sum Average Variance

Random 2 1.0261 0.51305 0.016580205 -0.1189 0.014137
Matrix 2 1.2639 0.63195 0.051360125

Crossbar 2 1.3963 0.69815 0.017690805 0.2513 0.063152

Omega 2 0.8937 0.44685 0.001235045

ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Rows 0.014137 1 0.014137 2.95223904908 0.3355497463 161.4476
Columns 0.063152 1 0.063152 13.1878132413 0.1710650711 161.4476
Error 0.004789 1 0.004789

Total 0.082078 3

-1 1
Crossbar Omega I A B
-1 Random 3 5 -1 1.00 -1.00 -1.00
1 Matrix 2 4 a 1.00 1.00 -1.00
b 1.00 -1.00 1.00
Anova: Two-Factor Without Replication ab 1.00 1.00 1.00

SUMMARY Count Sum Average Variance

Random 2 8 4 2
Matrix 2 6 3 2

Crossbar 2 5 2.5 0.5 6

Omega 2 9 4.5 0.5 5
4
3
2
1
 6
5
4
3
ANOVA 2
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit 1
Rows 1 1 1 65535 #DIV/0! 161.4476 0
0.8 1
Columns 4 1 4 65535 #DIV/0! 161.4476
Error 0 1 0

Total 5 3

-1 1
Crossbar Omega I A B
-1 Random 1.655 2.378 -1 1.00 -1.00 -1.00
1 Matrix 1.262 2.19 a 1.00 1.00 -1.00
b 1.00 -1.00 1.00
ab 1.00 1.00 1.00

Anova: Two-Factor Without Replication

SUMMARY Count Sum Average Variance

Random 2 4.033 2.0165 0.2613645
Matrix 2 3.452 1.726 0.430592

Crossbar 2 2.917 1.4585 0.0772245

Omega 2 4.568 2.284 0.017672

ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Rows 0.08439 1 0.08439 8.03238548483 0.21594307 161.4476
Columns 0.68145 1 0.68145 64.8614158239 0.0786447566 161.4476
Error 0.010506 1 0.010506

Total 0.776347 3

17.3

I A B C AB AC BC ABC
.(1) 1.00 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.0
a 1.00 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 1.0
b 1.00 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 1.0
ab 1.00 1.0 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0
c 1.00 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0
ac 1.00 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0
bc 1.00 -1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0
abc 1.00 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
 a1 a2
b1 14.0 22.0 Chart Title
b2 10.0 86.0 100.0
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

b1 b2
 SST
B AB y I A B AB
-1.00 1.00 15.00 625 15 -15 -15 15
-1.00 -1.00 45.00 25 45 45 -45 -45
1.00 -1.00 25.00 225 25 -25 25 -25
1.00 1.00 75.00 1225 75 75 75 75
40 2100 160 80 40 20
qAxAi + qBxBi + qABxAixBi SST 40 20 10 5
effects 1600 400 100 2100
Chart Title SSA SSB SSAB
y = q0 + qAxA + qBxB + qABxAxB

1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

c1 c2 Linear (c2)
 AB y SST A B AB
1.00 0.6041 0.000999 0.6041 -0.6041 -0.6041 0.6041
-1.00 0.422 0.02265 0.422 0.422 -0.422 -0.422
-1.00 0.7922 0.048268 0.7922 -0.7922 0.7922 -0.7922
1.00 0.4717 0.010161 0.4717 0.4717 0.4717 0.4717
0.5725 0.082078 2.29 -0.5026 0.2378 -0.1384
-0.12565 0.05945 -0.0346
0.063152 0.014137 0.004789 0.082078

Chart Title
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

Random Matrix

AB y 0.25 A B AB
1.00 3 2.25 3 -3 -3 3
-1.00 5 2.25 5 5 -5 -5
-1.00 2 0.25 2 -2 2 -2
1.00 4 5 4 4 4 4
3.5 14 4 -2 0
1 -0.5 0
4 1 0 5

Chart Title
6
5
4
3
2
1
 Chart Title
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

Random Matrix

SST
AB y A B AB
1.00 1.655 0.046764 1.655 -1.655 -1.655 1.655
-1.00 2.378 0.256796 2.378 2.378 -2.378 -2.378
-1.00 1.262 0.371186 1.262 -1.262 1.262 -1.262
1.00 2.19 0.101602 2.19 2.19 2.19 2.19
1.87125 0.776347 7.485 1.651 -0.581 0.205
0.41275 -0.14525 0.05125
0.68145 0.08439 0.010506 0.776347
Chart Title
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

Random Matrix

SST
y I A B C AB AC BC
14.00 676.00 .(1) 14.00 -14.00 -14.00 -14.00 14.00 14.00 14.00
22.00 324.00 a 22.00 22.00 -22.00 -22.00 -22.00 -22.00 22.00
10.00 900.00 b 10.00 -10.00 10.00 -10.00 -10.00 10.00 -10.00
34.00 36.00 ab 34.00 34.00 34.00 -34.00 34.00 -34.00 -34.00
46.00 36.00 c 46.00 -46.00 -46.00 46.00 46.00 -46.00 -46.00
58.00 324.00 ac 58.00 58.00 -58.00 58.00 -58.00 58.00 -58.00
50.00 100.00 bc 50.00 -50.00 50.00 50.00 -50.00 -50.00 50.00
86.00 2116.00 abc 86.00 86.00 86.00 86.00 86.00 86.00 86.00
320.00 4512.00 320.00 80.00 40.00 160.00 40.00 16.00 24.00
40 40.00 10.00 5.00 20.00 5.00 2.00 3.00
b1 800 200 3200 200 32 72
b2 a a a a a a
SSA SSB SSC SSAB SSAC SSBC
ABC
-14.00
22.00
10.00
-34.00
46.00
-58.00
-50.00
86.00
 8.00
1.00
8 4512
a
SSABC
 Workload Two Caches One Cache No Cache Workload Two Caches
ASM 54 55 106 ASM 54
TECO 60 60 123 TECO 60
SIEVE 43 43 120 SIEVE 43
DHRYSTO
DHRYSTONE 49 52 111 49
NE
SORT 49 50 108 SORT 49
255
51
2247.2
Anova: Two-Factor Without Replication
sd efffect
SUMMARY Count Sum Average Variance
ASM 3 215 71.6667 884.3333 29.738 -0.5333
TECO 3 243 81.0000 1323.0000 36.373 8.8000
SIEVE 3 206 68.6667 1976.3333 44.456 -3.5333
DHRYSTONE 3 212 70.6667 1222.3333 34.962 -1.5333
SORT 3 207 69 1141 33.779 -3.2000
x'' 72.2
Two Caches 5 255 51 40.5 6.364 -21.2000
One Cache 5 260 52 39.5 6.285 -20.2000
No Cache 5 568 113.6 56.3 7.503 41.4000

ANOVA calculated comapire with alpha

Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Rows 308.4 4 77.1 2.604730 0.1161 3.8379
Columns 12857.2 2 6428.6 217.1824 0.0000 4.4590
Error 236.8 8 29.6
11% chance random
Total 13402.4 14

SST-SSR-SSC=SSE

Workload Two Caches One Cache No Cache

ASM 54 55 106 71.67 0.8533333 331.24
TECO 60 60 123 81.00 232.32 148.84
SIEVE 43 43 120 68.67 37.453333 852.64
DHRYSTONE 49 52 111 70.67 7.0533333 538.24
SORT 49 50 108 69 30.72 538.24
51 52 113.6 72.2 0 2409.2
2247.2 2040.2 8569.8 12857.2 308.4
ssc ssr
One Cache No Cache
55 106 9 9 57.76
60 123 81 64 88.36
43 120 64 81 40.96
52 111 4 0 6.76
50 108 4 4 31.36
260 568 162 158 225.2 545.2 includes error
52 113.6 308.4 row
2040.2 8569.8 12857.2 col between 236.8 error

table (4,8)

5.441 sd error

295.84 1142.44
148.84 2580.64
852.64 2284.84
408.04 1505.44
492.84 1281.64
2198.2 8795 13402.4
sst
 a b c
s1 82 71 64
s1 93 62 73
s1 61 85 87
s2 74 94 91
s2 69 78 56
s2 70 66 78

Anova: Two-Factor With Replication

SUMMARY a b c Total
s1
Count 3 3 3 9
Sum 236 218 224 678
Average 78.66666667 72.666667 74.66667 75.33333
Variance 264.3333333 134.33333 134.3333 140.25

s2
Count 3 3 3 9
Sum 213 238 225 676
Average 71 79.333333 75 75.11111
Variance 7 197.33333 313 142.3611

Total
Count 6 6 6
Sum 449 456 449
Average 74.83333333 76 74.83333
Variance 126.1666667 146 178.9667

ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Sample 0.222222222 1 0.222222 0.001269 0.972164 4.747225
Columns 5.444444444 2 2.722222 0.015551 0.984589 3.885294
Interaction 154.7777778 2 77.38889 0.442082 0.652755 3.885294
Within 2100.666667 12 175.0556

Total 2261.111111 17
 18.1
41 21.5 9.5 5
A A' I A B AB Mean

B 15 45 1.00 -1.00 -1.00 1.00 15.00

B 18 48 1.00 1.00 -1.00 -1.00 48.00

B 12 51 1.00 -1.00 1.00 -1.00 24.00

B' 25 75 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 77.00

B' 28 75 41
B' 19 81

Anova: Two-Factor With Replication

SUMMARY A A' Total

B
Count 3 3 6
Sum 45 144 189
Average 15 48 31.5
Variance 9 9 333.9

B'
Count 3 3 6
Sum 72 231 303
Average 24 77 50.5
Variance 21 12 855.9

Total
Count 6 6
Sum 117 375
Average 19.5 62.5
Variance 36.3 260.7

ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Sample 1083 1 1083 84.94118 1.556E-05 5.317655
Columns 5547 1 5547 435.0588 2.928E-08 5.317655
Interaction 300 1 300 23.52941 0.001271 5.317655
Within 102 8 12.75

Total 7032 11

case 18.1

I A B C D AB AC AD BC
1 -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 1 1 1 1
1 1.00 -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 -1 -1 -1 1
1 -1.00 1.00 -1.00 -1.00 -1 1 1 -1
1 1.00 1.00 -1.00 -1.00 1 -1 -1 -1
1 -1.00 -1.00 1.00 -1.00 1 -1 1 -1
1 1.00 -1.00 1.00 -1.00 -1 1 -1 -1
1 -1.00 1.00 1.00 -1.00 -1 -1 1 1
1 1.00 1.00 1.00 -1.00 1 1 -1 1
1 -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 1.00 1 1 -1 1
1 1.00 -1.00 -1.00 1.00 -1 -1 1 1
1 -1.00 1.00 -1.00 1.00 -1 1 -1 -1
1 1.00 1.00 -1.00 1.00 1 -1 1 -1
1 -1.00 -1.00 1.00 1.00 1 -1 -1 -1
1 1.00 -1.00 1.00 1.00 -1 1 1 -1
1 -1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 -1 -1 -1 1
1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0

A B C D AB AC AD BC
97.00 -97.00 -97.00 -97.00 -97.00 97.00 97.00 97.00 97.00
31.33 31.33 -31.33 -31.33 -31.33 -31.33 -31.33 -31.33 31.33
97.00 -97.00 97.00 -97.00 -97.00 -97.00 97.00 97.00 -97.00
31.33 31.33 31.33 -31.33 -31.33 31.33 -31.33 -31.33 -31.33
97.00 -97.00 -97.00 97.00 -97.00 97.00 -97.00 97.00 -97.00
31.67 31.67 -31.67 31.67 -31.67 -31.67 31.67 -31.67 -31.67
97.00 -97.00 97.00 97.00 -97.00 -97.00 -97.00 97.00 97.00
32.00 32.00 32.00 32.00 -32.00 32.00 32.00 -32.00 32.00
407.00 -407.00 -407.00 -407.00 407.00 407.00 407.00 -407.00 407.00
135.33 135.33 -135.33 -135.33 135.33 -135.33 -135.33 135.33 135.33
409.00 -409.00 409.00 -409.00 409.00 -409.00 409.00 -409.00 -409.00
135.33 135.33 135.33 -135.33 135.33 135.33 -135.33 135.33 -135.33
407.00 -407.00 -407.00 407.00 407.00 407.00 -407.00 -407.00 -407.00
139.33 139.33 -139.33 139.33 139.33 -139.33 139.33 139.33 -139.33
409.00 -409.00 409.00 409.00 409.00 -409.00 -409.00 -409.00 409.00
139.33 139.33 139.33 139.33 139.33 139.33 139.33 139.33 139.33
 2695.65 -1344.35 4.33 9.01 1666.99 -3.67 9.01 -821.01 0.33
168.48 -84.02 0.27 0.56 104.19 -0.23 0.56 -51.31 0.02
112954.8077 1.1718063 5.073756 173678.5 0.841806 5.073756 42128.5888 0.00681

22

Workload W X Y Z Workload W X

I 7,006 12,042 29,061 9,903 I 3.8455 4.0807

I 6,593 11,794 27,045 9,206 I 3.8191 4.0717
I 7,302 13,074 30,057 10,035 I 3.8634 4.1164
J 3,207 5,123 8,960 4,153 J 3.5061 3.7095
J 2,883 5,632 8,064 4,257 J 3.4598 3.7507
J 3,523 4,608 9,677 4,065 J 3.5469 3.6635
K 4,707 9,407 19,740 7,089 K 3.6727 3.9735
K 4,935 8,933 19,345 6,982 K 3.6933 3.9510
K 4,465 9,964 21,122 6,678 K 3.6498 3.9984
L 5,107 5,613 22,340 5,356 L 3.7082 3.7492
L 5,508 5,947 23,102 5,734 L 3.7410 3.7743
L 4,743 5,161 21,446 4,965 L 3.6761 3.7127
W 6,807 12,243 28,560 9,803 W 3.8330 4.0879
W 6,392 11,995 26,846 9,306 W 3.8056 4.0790
W 7,208 12,974 30,559 10,233 W 3.8578 4.1131

Anova: Two-Factor With Replication

SUMMARY W X Y Z Total
I
Count 3 3 3 3 12
Sum 11.52799504 12.268768 13.37334 11.96136 49.13146
Average 3.842665012 4.0895894 4.457781 3.987118 4.094288 3.94231246
Variance 0.000497826 0.0005599 0.000549 0.000407 0.056807

J
Count 3 3 3 3 12
Sum 10.51285625 11.123699 11.8446 10.85653 44.33768
Average 3.504285415 3.7078998 3.9482 3.618842 3.694807
Variance 0.001897676 0.0019008 0.00158 0.000101 0.030028

K
Count 3 3 3 3 12
Sum 11.01585282 11.922882 12.90665 11.51921 47.3646
Average 3.67195094 3.9742941 4.302217 3.839737 3.94705
Variance 0.000472789 0.0005631 0.0004 0.000182 0.05868

L
 Count 3 3 3 3 12
Sum 11.12521291 11.236227 13.04408 11.18322 46.58874
Average 3.708404305 3.7454089 4.348026 3.727739 3.882395
Variance 0.00105437 0.0009583 0.000262 0.000979 0.079619

W
Count 3 3 3 3 12
Sum 11.49640729 12.279962 13.36978 11.97013 49.11627
Average 3.832135765 4.0933207 4.456592 3.990042 4.093023
Variance 0.000681141 0.0003124 0.000792 0.000426 0.057907

Total
Count 15 15 15 15
Sum 55.67832431 58.831539 64.53845 57.49044
Average 3.711888287 3.9221026 4.302563 3.832696
Variance 0.017000848 0.0300124 0.03811 0.022886

ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Sample 1.33 4 0.332046 455.6526 8.954E-33 2.605975
Columns 2.93 3 0.976501 1340.012 3.798E-40 2.838745
Interaction 0.15 12 0.012899 17.70087 2.341E-12 2.003459
Within 0.03 40 0.000729

Total 4.44 59
 errors

y I A B AB y^ ea

676.00 (15,18,12) 15 -15 -15 15 15 0

49.00 (45,48,51) 48 48 -48 -48 48 -3

289.00 (25,28,19) 24 -24 24 -24 24 1

1296.00 (75,75,81) 77 77 77 77 77 -2

2310.00 164 86 38 20
41 21.5 9.5 5
1849 361 100 2310
q0 = 41, qA = 21.5, qB = 9.5, qAB = 5
 BD CD ABC ABD ACD BCD ABCD y Mean
1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 97,97,97 97
1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1 31,31,32 31.33
-1 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 97,97,97 97
-1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 31,32,31 31.33
1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 97,97,97 97
1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 32,32,31 31.67
-1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 97,97,97 97
-1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 32,32,32 32
-1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1 407,407,407 407
-1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 135,136,135 135.33
1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 409,409,409 409
1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 135,135,136 135.33
-1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 407,407,407 407
-1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1 139,140,139 139.33
1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 409,409,409 409
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 139,139,140 139.33
0 0 0 0 0 0 0

BD CD ABC ABD ACD BCD ABCD

97.00 97.00 -97.00 -97.00 ### -97.00 97.00
31.33 -31.33 31.33 31.33 ### -31.33 -31.33
-97.00 97.00 97.00 97.00 ### 97.00 -97.00
-31.33 -31.33 -31.33 -31.33 ### 31.33 31.33
97.00 97.00 97.00 -97.00 ### 97.00 -97.00
31.67 -31.67 -31.67 31.67 ### 31.67 31.67
-97.00 97.00 -97.00 97.00 ### -97.00 97.00
-32.00 -32.00 32.00 -32.00 ### -32.00 -32.00
-407.00 -407.00 -407.00 407.00 ### 407.00 -407.00
-135.33 135.33 135.33 -135.33 ### 135.33 135.33
409.00 -409.00 409.00 -409.00 ### -409.00 409.00
135.33 135.33 -135.33 135.33 ### -135.33 -135.33
-407.00 -407.00 407.00 407.00 ### -407.00 407.00
-139.33 139.33 -139.33 -139.33 ### -139.33 -139.33
409.00 -409.00 -409.00 -409.00 ### 409.00 -409.00
139.33 139.33 139.33 139.33 ### 139.33 139.33
 3.67 -821.01 0.33 -4.33 6.99 -0.33 -0.33
0.23 -51.31 0.02 -0.27 0.44 -0.02 -0.02
0.84181 42128.588756 0.00681 1.17181 3.05 0.00681 0.00681 257952.912

Y Z

4.4633 3.9958 16.3852

4.4321 3.9641 16.2869
4.4779 4.0015 16.4593
3.9523 3.6184 14.7863
3.9066 3.6291 14.7462
3.9857 3.6091 14.8052
4.2953 3.8506 15.7921
4.2866 3.8440 15.7748
4.3247 3.8246 15.7976
4.3491 3.7288 15.5353
4.3636 3.7585 15.6374
4.3313 3.6959 15.4161
4.4558 3.9914 16.3680
4.4289 3.9688 16.2823
4.4851 4.0100 16.4660
3.94231

0.15198
-0.0996
0.25162
 0.151976 0.583998
-0.247506
0.004737
-0.059918
0.15071

-0.021199282 interactio

-0.23042 -0.0202 0.36 -0.1096 3.94231

-0.0996474444
eb eab

3 -3
0 3
4 -5
-2 4
Algorithm Program 24P 20P 16P 24P 20P 16P 24P

LRUV Small 32 48 538 52 244 998 59

LRUV Medium 53 81 1,901 112 776 3,621 121
LRUV Large 142 197 5,609 262 2,625 10,012 980
FIFO Small 49 67 789 79 390 1,373 85
FIFO Medium 100 134 3,152 164 1,255 4,912 206
FIFO Large 233 350 9,100 458 3,688 13,531 1,633
RAND Small 62 100 1,103 111 480 1,782 111
RAND Medium 96 245 2,807 237 1,502 6,007 286
RAND Large 265 2,012 12,429 517 4,870 18,602 1,728

GROUP GROUP GROUP FREQY FREQY FREQY ALPHA

Algorithm Program 24P 20P 16P 24P 20P 16P 24P
LRUV Small 1.51 1.68 2.73 1.72 2.39 3.00 1.77
LRUV Medium 1.72 1.91 3.28 2.05 2.89 3.56 2.08
LRUV Large 2.15 2.29 3.75 2.42 3.42 4.00 2.99
FIFO Small 1.69 1.83 2.90 1.90 2.59 3.14 1.93
FIFO Medium 2.00 2.13 3.50 2.21 3.10 3.69 2.31
FIFO Large 2.37 2.54 3.96 2.66 3.57 4.13 3.21
RAND Small 1.79 2.00 3.04 2.05 2.68 3.25 2.05
RAND Medium 1.98 2.39 3.45 2.37 3.18 3.78 2.46
RAND Large 2.42 3.30 4.09 2.71 3.69 4.27 3.24
20P 16P

536 1,348
1,879 4,639
5,698 12,880
814 1,693
3,394 5,838
10,022 17,117
839 2,190
3,092 7,654
8,834 23,134

ALPHA ALPHA
20P 16P
2.73 3.13
3.27 3.67
3.76 4.11
2.91 3.23
3.53 3.77
4.00 4.23
2.92 3.34
3.49 3.88
3.95 4.36
 BCD ACD CD ABD
A B AB C AC BC ABC
.(1) -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1
a 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1
b -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1
ab 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1
c -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1
ac 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1
bc -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1
abc 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
d -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1
ad 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1
bd -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1
abd 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1
cd -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1
acd 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1
bcd -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1
abcd 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

y y x y x x
BCD ACD CD ABD
A B AB C AC BC ABC
.(1) -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1
ab 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1
ac 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1
bc -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1
ad 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1
bd -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1
cd -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1
abcd 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1
b -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1
c -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1
abc 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
d -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1
abd 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1
acd 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1
bcd -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1

A B C AB AC BC ABC
I -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.0
a 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 1.0
b -1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 1.0
c -1.0 -1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0
ab 1.0 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0
ac 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0
bc -1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0
 abc 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

TABLE 19.1 A 27–4 Experimental Design

Experiment # I A B C D E F G
1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 -1
afg 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1
beg 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1
abd 1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1
cdg 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1
ace 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1
bcf 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 -1
abcdefg 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 ABC B A
D AD BD ABD CD ACD BCD ABCD I
-1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1
-1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1
-1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1
-1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1
-1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1
-1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1
-1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1
-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1
1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1
1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1
1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1
1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1
1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1
1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1
1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

y x
ABC B A
D AD BD ABD CD ACD BCD ABCD I
-1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 1
-1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 1
-1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 1
-1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1
1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1
1 -1 1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1
1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
-1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 -1 1
-1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1
-1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1
-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1
1 -1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1
1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1
1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1
1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1

I A B C AB AC BC
principal fraction a 1 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0
b 1 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0
c 1 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0
abc 1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
complementary fraction ab 1 1.0 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0
ac 1 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.0
bc 1 -1.0 1.0 1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0
 .(1) 1 -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
A B C .-AB .-AC .-BC
principal fraction 1/2 [A] = 1/2 (a - b - c + abc) [BC] = 1/2 (a - b - c + abc) A,BC
1/2 [B] = 1/2 ( -a + b - c + abc [AC] = 1/2 ( -a + b - c + abc) B, AC
1/2 [C] = 1/2 ( -a = b + c + abc [AB] = 1/2 ( -a = b + c + abc) C,AB

1/2 [A] = 1/2 (A + BC) A . ABC

1/2 [B] = 1/2 (B + AC) B . ABC
1/2 [C] = 1/2 (C + BB) C . ABC
complementary fraction I = -ABC ABC identity
1/2 [A]' = 1/2 ( A - BC)
1/2 [B]' = 1/2 ( B - AC)
1/2 [C]' = 1/2 ( C - AB)

1/2[A] +1/2 [A]' = A 1/2[A] - 1/2 [A]' = BC

1/2[B] + 1/2 [B]' = B 1/2[B] - 1/2 [B]' = AC
1/2[C] + 1/2 [C]' = C 1/2[C] - 1/2 [C]' = AB

ABCDEFG y A B C D E F
1 20 20 -20 -20 -20 20 20 20
1 35 35 35 -35 -35 -35 -35 35
1 7 7 -7 7 -7 -7 7 -7
1 42 42 42 42 -42 42 -42 -42
1 36 36 -36 -36 36 36 -36 -36
1 50 50 50 -50 50 -50 50 -50
1 45 45 -45 45 45 -45 -45 45
1 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
317 101 35 109 43 1 47
39.625 12.625 4.375 13.625 5.375 0.125 5.875
-1
a
b
ab
c
ac
bc
abc
d
ad
bd
abd
cd
acd
bcd
abcd

-1
0
-1 1
ab 2
ac 3
bc 4
ad 5
bd 6
cd 7
abcd 8
a 10
b 11
c 12
abc 13
d 14
abd 15
acd 16
bcd 17

ABC
1.0 ABC
1.0
1.0
1.0
-1.0 .-ABC
-1.0
-1.0
 -1.0

aliases
aliases
aliases

BC
AC
AB
ABC identity

1/2[A] - 1/2 [A]' = BC

1/2[B] - 1/2 [B]' = AC
1/2[C] - 1/2 [C]' = AB

G
-20
35
7
-42
36
-50
-45
82
3
0.375