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Finding Best T Line For Given Dataset in Octave: Shubham-AE18B041 September 30, 2019

This document describes finding the best fit line for datasets using least squares fitting in Octave. It explains the logic behind calculating the slope and y-intercept of the best fit line using matrices. The Octave code performs operations like loading data, calculating slope and intercept, and plotting the original data points and best fit line. The results show the best fit lines for different datasets with varying number of points, demonstrating the method works for both linear and non-linear data.

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shubham mahajan
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62 views

Finding Best T Line For Given Dataset in Octave: Shubham-AE18B041 September 30, 2019

This document describes finding the best fit line for datasets using least squares fitting in Octave. It explains the logic behind calculating the slope and y-intercept of the best fit line using matrices. The Octave code performs operations like loading data, calculating slope and intercept, and plotting the original data points and best fit line. The results show the best fit lines for different datasets with varying number of points, demonstrating the method works for both linear and non-linear data.

Uploaded by

shubham mahajan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Finding best t line for given dataset in

Octave
Shubham-AE18B041

September 30, 2019

1 Introduction
In this assignment we are trying to nd the best le line for the given dataset
using "Least square tting" method. We are given three datasets which
include co-ordinates of 200 points (x&y co-ordinates). The data is given in
.txt format.

2 Logic
The data we have is in .txt format. First we have to assign the values to
particular variables say x&y. The variable x will store x co-ordinates and y
will store y co-ordinates. Let m and c be the slope and y-intercept of the
best t ine which we have to nd. Then the equation y=mx+c for all 200
points can be written in matrix format as
   
y1 x1 1
 y2   x2 1  
 m
 ..  =  .. .. 
  
 .   . . c
yn xn 1

Now we will multiply by xT to both sides


   
y1 x1 1
. . . xn  y2  x1 x2 . . . xn  x2 1 m
      
x1 x2
. . . 1  ...  1 1 . . . 1  ... ...  c
 =
1 1
 

yn xn 1

Now multiplying by the inversre of second matrix on both sides:


 −1    −1   
C D A C D C D m
=
E F B E F E F c

1
By doing above matrix multiplication we will get values of m&c
   
m slope
=
c y _intercept

3 Code
The octave code for performing the above operatins is given below

data=load('data3.txt') #we can change the data file accordingly


l=150 #we can change no. of points accordingly
x=ones(l,2)
y=data(1:l,2)
x(:,1)=data(1:l,1)
xtran=transpose(x)
A=xtran*y
B=xtran*x
ans=inverse(B)*A
plot(data(1:l),y,' or','markersize',2)
xfit=[1:l]
yfit=ans(1)*xfit+ans(2)
hold on
p2=plot(xfit,yfit,'-b')
xlabel('X-data')
ylabel('Y-data')
title('Dataset-3, 150 points') #we can change the title accordingly
legend(p2,(sprintf("y= %f *x + %f\n", ans(1),ans(2))))

4 Result
The resultant graph for dierent datasets and dierent no. of points is shown
below.

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Figure 1: Dataset-1 , no. of points-25

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Figure 2: Dataset-1 , no. of points-75

4
Figure 3: Dataset-1 , no. of points-150

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Figure 4: Dataset-2 , no. of points-25

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Figure 5: Dataset-2 , no. of points-75

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Figure 6: Dataset-2 , no. of points-150

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Figure 7: Dataset-3 , no. of points-25

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Figure 8: Dataset-3 , no. of points-75

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Figure 9: Dataset-3 , no. of points-150

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5 Inference
We can see that graphs plotted in python and octave are exactly same. For
datasets 2 & 3 our data set is nearly linear so we get a straight line where
each point is very close to the best t line. But for dataset 1 we can see that
the data is not linear. So some points are close to the best  line whereas
some are away from the best t line.

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