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Computer Networks Lab 1

This document provides an introduction to computer networks and networking devices. It defines a computer network as a set of computers connected together to share resources like internet access. Common networking devices include hubs, switches, routers, network interface cards (NICs), and repeaters. The document describes the purpose and function of each device. It also discusses cabling standards, the difference between straight-through and crossover cables, and using a crimping tool to make cables. The lab manual assignment is to make both a straight-through and crossover cable.

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Haseeb Ur Rehman
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157 views

Computer Networks Lab 1

This document provides an introduction to computer networks and networking devices. It defines a computer network as a set of computers connected together to share resources like internet access. Common networking devices include hubs, switches, routers, network interface cards (NICs), and repeaters. The document describes the purpose and function of each device. It also discusses cabling standards, the difference between straight-through and crossover cables, and using a crimping tool to make cables. The lab manual assignment is to make both a straight-through and crossover cable.

Uploaded by

Haseeb Ur Rehman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAB MANUAL 01

Title: Introduction to Computer


Networks

Course: Computer Networks

Computer Network:
A computer network is a set of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing
resources. The most common resource shared today is connection to the Internet. Other shared
resources can include a printer or a file server.

Networking Devices:
Network devices are components used to connect computers or other
electronic devices together so that they can share files or resources like printers or fax
machines. Devices used to setup a Local Area Network (LAN) are the most common type
of network devices used by the public. A LAN requires a hub, switch and router.

 Hub
 Switch
 Router
 NIC
 Repeater

Hub:
A connectivity device to which network cables are attached to form a network segment. Hubs typically
do not filter data, but instead retransmit incoming data packets or frames to all parts.

Almost all networks today use a central hub or switch to which the computers on the network connect.
In a hubbed network, each computer is connected to the hub through a single line. That makes adding a
host to the network, or taking it off, a simple task.

Switch:
A switch is aware of addresses associated with each of its ports and forwards each incoming data frame
to the correct port. Switches can base forwarding decisions on guidelines that are provided in the
headers of the TCP/IP protocols.
A switch, simplified, is a smarter version of a hub. On a switch, as with a hub, each computer is
connected through a single line. However, the switch is smarter about where it sends data that comes in
through one of its ports.

Router:
A connectivity device that filters and forwards data based on a logical address. In the case of TCP/IP
networks, that would be the IP address.

Routers are an essential part of any larger TCP/IP network. In fact, without the development of network
routers and TCP/IP routing protocols, the Internet (the biggest network in the world) would not have
become as extensive. Routers play a vital role in controlling traffic and keeping the network efficient.

NIC :

A network interface card (NIC) is a circuit board or card that is installed in a computer so that it can be
connected to a network. 

A network interface card provides the computer with a dedicated, full-time connection to a network.
Personal computers and workstations on a local area network (LAN) typically contain a network
interface card specifically designed for the LAN transmission technology.
Repeater:

A repeater is an electronic device that amplifies the signal it receives. In other terms, you can think of

repeater as a device which receives a signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power so that

the signal can cover longer distances.

Cabling Standards in Computer Networks :

 T-568 A
 T-568 B
Straight through vs Cross over cable :

One way to identify the specific use of a straight-through cable is to compare it to a slightly different

kind of cable called a crossover cable. On a straight-through cable, the wired pins match, while in a

crossover cable the pins are typically reversed. A crossover cable is often used to connect two of the

same kinds of devices. While the straight through cable is used to connect two of different devices.
Crimping Tool :

LAB TASK:

Make a straight through and cross-over cable using Crimping Tool.

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