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Lecture 10 Value Free Objective and Subjective Issues

1. The document discusses moving from subjectivity to objectivity in research. Subjectivity involves individual perceptions and beliefs while objectivity involves judging things fairly without bias based on facts. 2. It also separates the concepts of values and facts. Values are broad preferences that vary between individuals and cultures, while facts are things that can be proven with evidence and correspond to objective reality. 3. Finally, it differentiates between beliefs and knowledge. Beliefs do not require proof, while knowledge is based on facts, information, and experiences that have been verified. The objective is what exists regardless of beliefs, while the subjective involves internal perceptions.

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191 views

Lecture 10 Value Free Objective and Subjective Issues

1. The document discusses moving from subjectivity to objectivity in research. Subjectivity involves individual perceptions and beliefs while objectivity involves judging things fairly without bias based on facts. 2. It also separates the concepts of values and facts. Values are broad preferences that vary between individuals and cultures, while facts are things that can be proven with evidence and correspond to objective reality. 3. Finally, it differentiates between beliefs and knowledge. Beliefs do not require proof, while knowledge is based on facts, information, and experiences that have been verified. The objective is what exists regardless of beliefs, while the subjective involves internal perceptions.

Uploaded by

NickKy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AT10503

Pengantar Ilmu Saintifik


Week 10
Value Free
Objective and Subjective Issues
Why do you do research?
1. To move from subjectivity to objectivity
2. To separate value from fact
3. Difference by belief and knowledge
Moving from subjectivity to objectivity
• Subjectivity
– Individual's perception, feeling, his value, belief,
perspective, desire, opinion and preference
– Mind dependent
– Individuation mode (Communitarian/shared collective
interaction-Cosmopolitan/shared Morality Debate)
– Personal experience and perception about life in
relation to social interaction and its surrounding
– Subjective evaluation – tend to be own attitude and
opinion centred around egocentric
• Objectivity
– Ability to judge fairly without bias and external
influence
– Independent from perception, mind independent
– Philosophical concept of being true independently
from individual subjectivity caused by perception,
emotions, or imagination.
– Unbiased and fact-based explanation
Subjectivity-Objectivity
• Subjective or Objective Thought/Truth?
– Subjective truth dependent upon one’s approval,
discovery and acceptance meanwhile Objective
Truth doesn’t require (Independent) those. It
remains truth regardless acceptance or approval.
• Subjective thought/truth embracing illusion
and imagination (heaven/hell) meanwhile
Objective thought is representation of real
(earth)
Separating value from fact
• Value
– Broad preference concerning appropriate form of
behaviour and action
– It reflects individual’s sense of what is right and
wrong
– It influence attitude and behaviour
– Value system is a set of values that are part of
particular culture and cherished by members of
particular culture
– Value is self-related, personal in nature and very
relative. What does it mean?
– Value system across culture
– Fundamental and universal value
• Fact
– Something that occur or happening in daily reality
or life
– Consistent with objective reality or that can be
proven with evidence.
– Verifiability either through prove or it corresponds
to the experience
Differentiating belief and knowledge
• Belief
• Believe is acceptance that something is true or exist, no
proof necessary
• Eg. Supernatural, Magic, Superstition, Witchcraft

• Knowledge
• Awareness or understanding of something on the
basic of fact, information, skill, description acquired
through experience, experimentation, learning,
discovery, perceiving
• Objective:
– What exists regardless of our beliefs.
– Objectivity implies two distinct ideas (That objects
exist independently from our immediate
experience /We can verify those objects)
– When you look at something, you create an
opinion. If your opinion is a positive answer to the
question “Can I verify this?”, then your opinion is
an objective opinion and you are looking at
something objectively.
• Subjective:
• What exists because of our beliefs
• Subjectivity implies two ideas (That we are
subjects to our own perception/ That we have
internal mental processes that can explain our
perception or create perceptions.
• If your opinion is a negative answer to the
question “Can I verify this?” , then your
opinion is a subjective opinion and you are
looking at something subjectively.

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