Language of Mathematics
Language of Mathematics
7
Third Edition 7 pages
Mathematical equations can be used to describe many situations in the real world. To do this, we
must learn how to translate given information into an algebraic equation. Although no single
method will work for solving all applied problems, the following approach is suggested to help
in the problem-solving process.
Step 1: Read the problem carefully, more than once if necessary, until you understand it. Draw
a picture, if necessary. Identify what you are being asked to find.
Step 5: Check the answer in the original problem, and interpret the solution as it relates to the
problem. Be sure that your answer makes sense in the context of the problem.
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CCBC Math 081 Translating English Sentences Into Mathematical Equations and Solving Section 5.7
Third Edition 7 pages
Example 1: Write the following statement as an equation, and determine the number.
Solution
Step 3: Translate the information into an algebraic equation by rereading the problem slowly and
“in parts.”
Equation: + 12 x = 17.
x 12 17
x 12 - 12 17 - 12 Subtract 12 from both sides of the equation.
x5 Simplify.
Step 5: Check the answer. Does the answer make sense? 12 more than 5 is 17? Yes, the answer
is correct.
Practice 1: Write the following statement as an equation, and determine the number.
Four more than a number is negative eighteen.
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CCBC Math 081 Translating English Sentences Into Mathematical Equations and Solving Section 5.7
Third Edition 7 pages
Example 2: Write the following statement as an equation, and determine the number.
Solution
Step 3: Translate the information into an algebraic equation by rereading the problem slowly and
“in parts.”
Meaning: x- 45 equals 12
Equation: x- 45 = 12
x 45 12
x 45 + 45 12 + 45 Add 45 to both sides of the equation.
x 57 Simplify.
Step 5: Check the answer. Does the answer make sense? Is the difference between 57 and 45
equal to 12? Yes. Therefore x is 57.
Practice 2: Write the following statement as an equation, and determine the number.
The difference of a number and 23 is 4.
415
CCBC Math 081 Translating English Sentences Into Mathematical Equations and Solving Section 5.7
Third Edition 7 pages
Example 3: Write the following statement as an equation, and determine the number.
Solution
Step 3: Translate the information into an algebraic equation by rereading the problem slowly and
“in parts.”
Equation: -5 2x = 7
The equation is 2x – 5 = 7.
2x 5 7
2x 5 + 5 7 + 5 Add 5 to both sides of the equation.
2 x 12 Simplify.
2 x 12
Divide both sides by 2.
2 2
x6 Simplify.
Step 5: Check the answer. Does the answer make sense? Five less than two times 6 is 2(6) – 5 =
7. Thus, the answer is correct. The number is 6.
Practice 3: Write the following statement as an equation, and determine the number.
Ten less than three times a number is the same as eleven.
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CCBC Math 081 Translating English Sentences Into Mathematical Equations and Solving Section 5.7
Third Edition 7 pages
Example 4: Write the following statement as an equation, and determine the number.
Solution
Step 3: Translate the information into an algebraic equation by rereading the problem slowly and
“in parts.”
Meaning: 2 equals -2
times x
5
Equation: 2 = -2
x
5
2
The equation is x 2
5
2
x 2
5
2
5 x 2 5 Multiply both sides of the equation by 5.
5
2 x 10 Simplify.
2 x 10
Divide both sides by 2.
2 2
x 5
Step 5: Check the answer. Does the answer make sense? Is two fifths of -5 equal to -2. Yes.
Practice 4: Write the following statement as an equation, and determine the number.
Three fourths of a number is -6.
3
Watch It: http://youtu.be/7t41S3F1o6U Answer: n 6 , n = -8
4
Translate each of the following into an equation, and then solve the equation.
5. If three times a number is increased by 4, the result is -8. Determine the number.
6. When six is subtracted from five times a number, the result is 9. Determine the number.
7. The sum of 8 and 5 is equal to the difference of number and 7. Determine the number.
8. The sum of three times a number and 4 is 19. Determine the number.
10. Five times a number decreased by six is 29. Determine the number.
11. If 5 is added to the sum of twice a number and three times the number, the result is 25.
Determine the number.
12. Five less than 2 times a number is 7. Determine the number.
14. A number is one tenth less than 1.54. Determine the number.
20. The product of 5.3 and 10.2 is equal to a number times 0.6.
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CCBC Math 081 Translating English Sentences Into Mathematical Equations and Solving Section 5.7
Third Edition 7 pages
Answer: x 18 Answer: x 4
x
6. Translation: 5x 6 9 16. Translation: 10
3
Answer: x 3 Answer: x 30
3 1
7. Translation: 8 5 x 7 17. Translation: 2 x
4 2
5
Answer: x 20 Answer: x
8
8. Translation: 3x 4 19 18. Translation: 2.4 x 0.48
Answer: x 5 Answer: x 0.2
5
9. Translation: 2 x 5 11 19. Translation: x4
8
27
Answer: x 3 Answer: x
8
10. Translation: 5x 6 29 20. Translation: (5.3)(10.2) 0.6x
Answer: x 7 Answer; x 90.1
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CCBC Math 081 Chapter 5 Summary
Third Edition
CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY
Algebra
Section Like Terms: terms that have the same variables raised to the same power
5.1 Like Terms: 3x and 5x Unlike Terms: 3x and 5y
Like Terms: 3x 2 and 5x 2 Unlike Terms: 3x and 5x 2
Combining Like Terms – add the coefficients and keep the variable part the same
4 x 5x 3 y 8 y
9x 5 y
Evaluating Expressions – replace the variable with the given value and perform the
arithmetic using the proper order of operations
Evaluate 7 x 2 y if x 5 and y 3
7(5) 2(3)
35 6
29
Section
5.3 Distributive Property:
2 ( 3x 4 ) 2(3x) 2(4) 6 x 8
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CCBC Math 081 Chapter 5 Summary
Third Edition
Section Multiplication Property of Equality - If both sides of an equation are multiplied by the
5.5 same number, the two sides remain equal.
If a b,
then a c b c.
Solving Equations Using the Multiplication Property of Equality
Solve 8x 96 Determine the operation: Multiplication.
8 x 96
Perform the inverse operation: Division (on both sides).
8 8
1x 12 Do the arithmetic.
x 12 The solution is x 12 .
Section Solving Equations Using Both the Addition and Multiplication Properties of Equality
5.6 5x 2 x 2 8 20 Solve.
7 x 2 12 Combine like terms on each side of the equation.
7 x 2 - 2 12 - 2 Get the variable term alone on one side of the equation.
7 x 14 Perform the inverse operation. (Inverse of Addition is Subtraction)
7 7 Get the variable alone on one side of the equation.
x 2
Perform the inverse operation. (Inverse of Multiplication is Division)
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CHAPTER 5
Chapter Review
Simplify by combining like terms. Solve each equation.
1. 7 x 3x 8 2 15. a 4 8
2. 4a 6a 5b b 16. x 5.9 13.7
1 1 3 1 17. x 1 8 3 2
3. x x
8 3 5 4 1 2
18. y
3 5
Evaluate each expression. 19. 4 x 16
20. 42a 6
4. 2 x 9 if x 6 21. 0.4 x 4.8
5. x3 4 if x 4 22. x 10
2
6. 2a 9b if a
1
and b
2 23. x 10
2 3 5
x
24. 2.4
7.1
Distribute.
25. 8x 2 6
7. 6(8a 4) 26. 18.2 x 1.4
8. 3.9( x 1.2) 27. 2 x 4 2 14
1 6 28. 7 3x 8 x 2 5
9. x 40 29. 2(3x 2) x 16
2 5
2 7
30. a
9 9
Complete using the property given. 1 3
31. x 6
10. 8x 8x Identity 8 4
11. 3a 1 Inverse
Translate each into a math equation. Then
solve the equation.
Use the property given to rewrite and
simplify the expression 32. If four times a number is
decreased by five, the result is 31.
12. 8 5x 3 Commutative Determine the number.
1
13. 4 a Associative 33. Two more than the product of 3
4 and a number is –10. Determine
the number.
34. The sum of three times a number
Answer yes or no.
and 20 is 11. Determine the
14. Is x 8 a solution of the equation number.
15 24 x ? 35. Seven-tenths of a number is 5.6.
Determine the number.
CCBC Math 081 Chapter 5 Review
Third Edition
Mixed Review
36. Compute 25 8 (3) (14 6)
37. Compute 31.09 (28.63 75.8)
38. Convert 0.78 g to mg.
39. Convert 12500 seconds to hours.
40. Write 4.06 as a fraction in simplest form.
1
41. Write as a decimal and round to the hundredths place.
12
1 3
42. Compute 4 1
6 8
5 2
43. Compute 5 6
8 5
2
2 14
44. Compute
3 15
45. Determine the mean for the following values: 23, –45, 62, –73, –89
46. The players’ batting averages are 0.235, 0.312, 0.215, 0.297, 0.310, and 0.233.
Determine the median.
47. There are 6 samples of bacteria each weighing 3 3 grams. What is the total weight of
4
all 6 samples?
48. Determine the perimeter of the rectangle.
8.7 in
22
50. Determine the circumference of the circle. Use .
7
423
CCBC Math 081 Chapter 5 Review
Third Edition
424