Port-said university 2nd year.

Design of machine elements

Problem (1)

Fig.1 shows stress-strain curves for three failed tensile-test specimens. All are plotted on the
same scale.
a) Characterize each material as brittle or ductile.
b) Which is the stiffest?
c) Which has the highest ultimate strength?
d) Which has the largest modulus of resilience?
e) Determine an approximate ratio between the yield strength and ultimate strength for each
material shown?
f) Which has the largest modulus of toughness?

fig.1
Problem (2)

A metal has a strength of 414 MPa at its elastic limit and the strain at that point is 0.002. What is the
modulus of elasticity? What is the strain energy at the elastic limit? Assume that the test specimen is
12.8-mm dia and has a 50-mm gage length. Can you define the type of metal based on the given data?

Problem (3)

A metal has a strength of 41.2 kpsi (284 MPa) at its elastic limit and the strain at that point is0.004. What
is the modulus of elasticity? What is the strain energy at the elastic limit? Assume that the test specimen
is 0.505-in dia and has a 2-in gage length. Can you define the type of metal based on the given data?
 Problem (4)
A metal has a strength of 134 MPa at its elastic limit and the strain at that point is 0.006. What is the
modulus of elasticity? What is the strain energy at the elastic limit? Assume that the test speimen is 12.8-
mm dia and has a 50-mm gage length. Can you define the type of metal based on the given data?

Problem (5)
A material has a yield strength of 60 ksi (414 MPa) at an offset of 0.2% strain. What is its modulus of
resilience?
Problem (6)
A steel has a yield strength of 414 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 689 MPa, and an elongation at
fracture of 15%. What is its approximate modulus of toughness? What is the approximate modulus of
resilience?
Problem (7)
The Brinell hardness of a steel specimen was measured to be 340 HB. What is the material's approximate
tensile strength? What is the hardness on The Rockwell scale?
Problem (8)
According to DIN 1681 & 17245, what are the principal alloy elements, Strength properties and
applications of an GS 60 Cast steel?

QUESTIONS
1- Define ultimate tensile strength, yield point, yield strength, Hooke's law, Poisson's ratio.
2- What types of materials would have a yield point?
3- What is the difference between proportional limit and elastic limit?
4- What property of a material is a measure of its stiffness?
5- What property of a material is a measure of its ductility?
6- If a material is reported to have a percent elongation in a 2.00-in gage length of 2 percent, is it
ductile?
7- If a material has a tensile modulus of elasticity of 114 GPa and a Poisson's ratio of
0.33, what is its modulus of elasticity in shear?
8- A material is reported to have a Brinell hardness of 525. What is its approximate hardness on
the Rockwell C scale?
9- A steel is reported to have a Brinell hardness of 450. What is its approximate tensile
strength?
10- Name two tests used to measure impact strength.
11- What are the principal alloying elements in AISI 4340 steel?
12- How much carbon is in AISI 4340 steel?
13- What the meaning of the following material according to DIN standard :
St 37, GS 45, C10, CK 35, 25 Cr Mo 4, GG 22, GTW 40, GTS 45,GGG 50.
14- What is the typical carbon content of a low-carbon steel? For a medium-carbon steel? For a
high-carbon steel?
15- Name four materials that are commonly used for shafts.
16- Name four materials that are typically used for gears.
17- If maximum impact resistance were desired in a part, which material properties would you
look for?