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DPCM

Differential PCM (DPCM) encodes the difference between successive sample amplitudes rather than the sample values themselves, allowing for fewer bits to represent smaller differences between correlated signal values. DPCM works by predicting the present sample value from previous samples and encoding the difference, then accumulating the differences to reconstruct the original signal. This reduces quantization noise and bandwidth requirements compared to standard PCM.

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115 views

DPCM

Differential PCM (DPCM) encodes the difference between successive sample amplitudes rather than the sample values themselves, allowing for fewer bits to represent smaller differences between correlated signal values. DPCM works by predicting the present sample value from previous samples and encoding the difference, then accumulating the differences to reconstruct the original signal. This reduces quantization noise and bandwidth requirements compared to standard PCM.

Uploaded by

Anjali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Differential PCM (DPCM)

Demerit of PCM:
In PCM the samples of a signal are highly correlated with each other.The signal’s value from
the present sample to next sample does not differ by a large amount. The adjacent samples of the
signal carry the same information with a small difference. When these samples are encoded by the
standard PCM system, the resulting encoded signal contains some redundant information bits.

Principle of Differential Pulse Code Modulation


 If the redundancy is reduced, then the overall bitrate will decrease and the number of bits
required to transmit one sample will also reduce. The DPCM works on the principle of
prediction. The value of the present sample is predicted from the previous samples. The
prediction may not be exact, but it is very close to the actual sample value.
 DPCM encodes the difference bteween successive sample amplitudes. Simply by adding these
differences we can generate the signal identical to original signal at the receiver.
 Since the difference may be smaller than the sample value,fewer levels may be required to
quantize and so fewer bits may be neede to encode these levels and so fewer bandwidth
requirement.
DPCM Transmitter:

 The initial BPF is used to band limit the signal.It is then applied to a subtractor or differecnce
amplifier .th eother input to the subtractor is signal level of previous samples.
 The difference between present sample and preious sample is given to Sample and hold circuit
which holds the difference fro a duration equal to interval between sample times.
 The ouput of Sample and hold circuit is PAM signal which is applied to ADC.The output of
ADC is paseed through parallel to serial converter which produce serial DPCM output.
 From ADC present signal is sent through binary adder to the DAC whose output is PAM.
 This ouput is given to subtrator and inthis way the diffrence between succesive sample
amplitude is obtained.
 Since samplindg is done at much higher rate the difference form sample to sample and the
rate of producing error is reduced.So quantization noise is reduced.
 Bit rate of DPCM is approximately half of PCM.
DPCM Receiver:

 In DPCM receiver serial DPCM input is given to serial to parallel converter whose output is
then given to DAC .
 Ouput of DAC is PAM signal which is the applied to adder.
 Adder accumulate with next received samples.
 Output of adder is then applied to LPF to recover the original analog signal.

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