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The Simplex Method With Excel

The document provides information on: - Activating the Solver add-in if needed - Entering the objective function and constraint equations in cells - Setting the target cell and changing cells for Solver to vary - Adding the constraint equations and setting the optimization to maximize - Running Solver to find the optimal numbers of shirts and coats are 8 and 5 respectively, with maximum profit of $493 It also provides a brief example of using Solver to minimize an objective function subject to constraints.

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raudes
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139 views

The Simplex Method With Excel

The document provides information on: - Activating the Solver add-in if needed - Entering the objective function and constraint equations in cells - Setting the target cell and changing cells for Solver to vary - Adding the constraint equations and setting the optimization to maximize - Running Solver to find the optimal numbers of shirts and coats are 8 and 5 respectively, with maximum profit of $493 It also provides a brief example of using Solver to minimize an objective function subject to constraints.

Uploaded by

raudes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOLVER EXCEL EXAMPLE

Turley Tailor Inc. makes shirts and coats.

A shirt requires 1 hour of cutting and 5 hours of sewing.

A coat requires 4 hours of cutting and 3 hours of sewing.

Per day, there are a maximum of 28 hours of labor in the


cutting department and 55 hours in the sewing department.

The maximum number of coats that can be produced is two


more than the number of shirts.

A shirt costs $1 to produce. A coat costs $2 to produce.


The minimum cost to produce a shirt and coat is $4.

Each shirt produces $26 in profit and each coat $57 in profit.

Find the number of shirts & coats which will maximize the profit.
What is this maximum profit?

1
Solution:

X1 = # shirts

X2 = # coats

X1 + 4X2  28

5X1 + 3X2  55

X2 – X 1  2

X1 + 2 X 2  4

Maximize: 26X1 + 57X2

Excel has an add-in called the Solver which may solve systems
of equations or inequalities. If Solver has not been activated on
your computer, do the following:

Older Microsoft Office –


Solver is activated by left-clicking on the Tool menu located at
the top of Excel. Now left-click on the Add-in menu. Check
(green) the Solver Add-in located at the bottom of this list.

Newer Microsoft Office –


Solver is activated by clicking on the File, Options, Add-ins,
Manage Excel Add-ins, select “Solver”, and click GO. Check
the Solver Add-in box in the pop-up window and finally click OK.

The Microsoft Excel spread sheet and instructions are shown on the
following page. Note - This was written for an older version of Excel.
Details of use will depend on what version you happen to be using.

2
Steps in using the Solver in Excel

 Open EXCEL and enter the comment information in B2, B3, B5, B7, B8, B9, B10,
B11, B13, D5, F8, F9, F10, F11, G8, G9, G10, G11. Comment information is not
used in the EXCEL calculations. It helps the user to enter the correct information
in the equation information.
 Enter the equation information.
Type in the following equations:
In Cell E8 type the following: = C5 + 4*E5 then hit the Enter key
In Cell E9 type the following: = 5*C5 + 3*E5 then hit the Enter key
In Cell E10 type the following: = E5 – C5 then hit the Enter key
In Cell E11 type the following: = C5 + 2*E5 then hit the Enter key
In Cell E13 type the following: = 26*C5 + 57*E5 then hit Enter key
[Notice that the formula cells will show zeros (C5 = 0, E5 = 0, E8 = 0, E9
= 0, E10 = 0, E11 = 0, E13 = 0), the data cells (C5, E5) will be blank]
 Left-click on the optimization (target) cell, i.e., E13. We will maximize or minimize
this expression.
 Left-click on Tools (with a newer version of Excel, click on Data and
you should see Solver show up on the extreme right) and select Solver.
If you don’t see Solver, you will need to activate it (see the instructions
appearing above).
 Select the Max or Min circle as needed.
 Make sure target cell is correct with E13
 In the white box below By Changing Cells, left-click on the desired cell C5,
then add a comma. Left-click on the next desired cell E5.
 Add constraints by left-clicking on the Add button on the right. Add the first
constraint by left-clicking on E8. Then chose test option <=. Then type the
constraint value of 28. Now repeat this process on E9, E10, and E11 by
left-clicking on Add. Left-click on OK on last constraint.
 Select Options and check boxes for Linear Model (Simplex LP) and Non-
Negative (Make Unconstrained Variables Non-negative). Left-click on OK.
 Left-click on Solve
 If solutions are OK, then left-click on keep solutions.

3
Solution: x1 = 8 and x2 = 5; objective function = 493

Note: Click Options and check the Linear Model and Non-Negative.
Another example

Solution: x = 6/5 and y = 6/5 for 42/5


Formulas: E8: 2*C5 + 3*E5
E9: 4*C5 + E5
E13: 5*C5 + 2*E5

Be sure to
 Make the test >= in the Solver constraints
 Click the Min (imize) circle in the Solver

Note that Solver does not detect multiple solutions.

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