Structural Analysis Report

on
Residential Building
of
Mr.

At

Budhanilkantha-, Kapan, Kathmandu

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1.0 Background
This report summarizes structural analysis and design of a residential building located in
Budhanilkantha-, Kapan, Kathmandu, Bagmati Zone. The analysis and design has been based on the
prevailing codes that are in practice in Nepal, the National Building Code of Nepal and the IS codes at
places. Considering the requirements of service and seismic loading the structure is prone to, detail
structural analysis and design is carried out.

2.0 Salient Features

2.1 Project Information:
Owner : Mr.
Building Type : Residential
Location : Budhanilkantha-, Kapan, Kathmandu
Land Area : Sq.ft
Ground Floor : Sq.ft
First Floor : Sq.ft
Second Floor : Sq. ft

2.2 Building Features:

Type of Structure: RCC Framed Structure
Storey: Two and a half story
Storey Height: 2.84 m
Total Height: 8.53 m
Largest Lateral Dimension m

2.3 Site Condition:

Soil Type: II
Seismic Zone Factor: 0.36
Safe Bearing Capacity: 120 KN/m2 (assumed as per location)

2.4 Material Specification:

Considering Architectural, Economic and Strength demands reinforced cement concrete (RCC) is
used as the major structural material. The selected material also confirms the availability and ease in
construction. The concrete grade used is M20 as per Indian Standard Specification. This material
provides minimum grade of structural concrete and favorable for easy production and quality control
as well. Fe500 is provided as both longitudinal and shear reinforcing in Beams, Columns,
foundations, and slabs wherever RCC is used.

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 Considerations of material for loading and strength parameter are as detailed below:

Structural Components:
Concrete:
Grade : M20
Characteristic Compressive Strength : 20 N/mm2
Unit Weight : 25 KN/m3
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity (E) : 5000  f ck N/mm2
≈ 22360679KN/m2 (for M20)
Steel Reinforcement:
Grade : Fe500 for longitudinal reinforcement &
for shear reinforcement
Unit Weight : 78.5 KN/m3
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity (E) : = 200000 KN/m2

Non-Structural Components:
Brick wall:
Unit Weight : 19.2 KN/m3
Floor finishing:
Unit weight : 1.25 KN/m2
Flooring :( Screeding & punning)
Unit Weight : 23 KN/m3
Marble:
Unit weight : 26 KN/m3

2.5 Loading Details

Number of Storey Two and a half story
Loading in General Structural Self Weight
(Gravity loads) Live Load for residential services
Dead load of finishing materials for floor
Panel walls 230mm thick brick walls without openings 12.52 KN/m
Partition walls 101.6 mm thick brick walls with without openings 6.85 KN/m
Parapet walls 101.6 mm thick brick wall height 2ft 1.54 KN/m
Live Load As per IS 875 Part II
Lateral Loading As per IS 1893: 2016

 The loads distributed over the area are imposed on area element and that distributed over length
are imposed on line element whenever possible.
 Where such facility is not feasible, equivalent conversion to different loading distribution is
carried to load the Model near the real case as far as possible.

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 For lateral load, necessary calculations were performed using IS 456:2000 for The Seismic
Coefficient method.
 Different load combinations based on IS Codes are developed and used for design purposes. Since
the height of the structure is limited to only 3 Storey and as the building is located in Kathmandu, no
wind or snow load is considered.

Load Combinations:
The load combinations are based on IS 456: 2000
Static Load Combination:
1.5(DL + LL)
Seismic Load Combinations:
1.2(DL + LL  EQ)
1.5( DL  EQ)
0.9DL  1.5 EQ
The Earthquake lateral loads were used in the combination from the seismic coefficient method based
on IS 1893:2002
Modal analysis is carried out using FEM Based Three-dimensional analysis.

3.0 Design Approach and Methodology:

3.1 Introduction
The structure is analyzed for full Finite Element. Beams and columns modeled as frame (line)
elements and structure is assumed to be fixed at plinth level. All floor slabs are modeled as Shell
(Area) elements with sufficient and appropriate meshing. Modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio for
material used i.e. M20 grade concrete (as per Indian Specification) are taken accordingly and section
properties used are based on Preliminary section sizing with consideration for deflection, minimum
size specified and serviceability. Computation for stiffness as a whole is carried out using FEM based
latest software.
Full Modal Analysis is carried out up to twelve modes confirming more than 95 % seismic mass
participation. The lateral seismic force distribution was computed based on IS 1893:2016 for Soil
Type-II (for seismic coefficient method).
For Section Design and Check, suitable Load combinations as suggested in IS 456:2000 and if not
covered in that, IS 1893-2016 is referred with consideration of Envelopes of internal Forces
developed.
Foundation design is carried out to satisfy strength and stability requirements.

3.2 About the Software used:

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ETABS 2017- Version 17.0.1
ETABS is the product of Computers and Structures, Inc., Berkeley. The program ETABS 2017
provides extended 3D Analysis of Building Systems. The building is modeled as a space frame.
ETABS 2017 is adopted as the basic tool for the execution of analysis. ETABS 2017 program is based
on Finite Element Method. Due to possible actions in the building, the stresses and displacements are
obtained using ETABS 2017 which are used for the design of the columns and beam. Foundation,
slab, and staircase are analyzed separately.
Following are the salient features of this software, which has been used for the analysis:
Input Parameters:
 Material and Section Properties
 Structural Elements: Beam, column, slab, staircase, support condition
 Sections assignment
 Load Combinations
 Load assignment
Output Parameters:
 All necessary outputs about the forces and deformation in the structure.
 Design data and results.

3.3 Structural Performance:

Structural response under limit state of serviceability is thoroughly checked. The force and stiffness
relationship resulting the deflection under various load cases and combined action of forces are duly
evaluated. Basically short-term elastic deflection due to vertical loads and lateral deflection due to
seismic forces are of major importance along with the long-term deflection of beam elements under
sustained loading condition due to shrinkage and creep are also taken into account.

3.4 Deformation under Vertical Loads:

Maximum vertical deflection in all components that resulted under vertical load of combined effect of
self, imposed dead and live load are checked for every element and maintained to be within
permissible limit. Short-term elastic deflection and long-term deflection due to shrinkage and creep
due to sustained loads are also maintained within permissible limits for all the elements.
3.5 Deformation under Lateral Loads:

Effect of lateral load due to seismic force is analyzed using seismic coefficient method compatible
with Codal provision. The distribution of lateral force at different parts of the structure is done based
on Codal provision under IS 1893:2016.

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3.6 Period of vibration:
For framed structures with rigid elements limiting the deflection:
Ti= 0.075H0.75
H= 8.53 m

3.7 Design Horizontal seismic force coefficient, Ah:

Ah= (ZISa/2Rg), As per IS 1893:2016
Where, Z is a Zone Factor (see Table 3)
I is a factor depending upon the importance of the structure ,
R is Response Reduction Factor as given in Table 9, and
(Sa)/g is Average Response Acceleration Coefficient (as in Clause 6.4.2)
Sub-Soil Type II
R=5 IS 1893:2016
Z=0.36 IS 1893:2016
I=1 IS 1893:2016

3.8 Horizontal Seismic Base Shear:

The horizontal seismic shear force acting at the base of the structure in assumed direction is
V=Ah*Wt. (See Clause 7.6.1 of IS 1893:2016)
3.8 Horizontal Seismic Forces:
The horizontal seismic forces at each level is given by;
Fi=V*Wi *hi2/∑Wi hi2

Soil Period Coef Weight

Direction Z Type Z I R Base Shear
Type Used Used Used
sec kN kN
X Per Code 0.36 II 1 5
Y Per Code 0.36 II 1 5

3.9 Lateral Deformation (Storeys Drift):

It is the displacement of one level relative to the other level above or below. The storey drift due to the
minimum specified design lateral force with partial load factor 1.0 shall not exceed 0.004 times the
storey height which comes to be 11.4 mm. Hence, our building is safe against the storey drift.

Maximum Total Deflection :

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4.0 Preliminary Design
The Preliminary Design was done using the prevailing thumb rules and span consideration. The sizes
of the structural components are as given below:
Sizes of Structural Components:
Slab: 127mm ( 5”) thick RCC (M20) Slab
Beam: Rectangular Beams size- 9”*14” (Refer Drawings)
Column: Rectangular, size- 12” * 12” (Refer Drawings)
Staircase: Waist Slab thickness: 127 mm
Depth of Footing: 1.5m

5.0 Final Analysis

5.1 Load Calculations:
Refer Table: Load Intensity of Building Components
Live Load: 2.00 KN/m2 (for all rooms)
3.00 KN/m2 (for staircases and balcony)

6. Recommendations:
The following recommendation is made:

 Materials used shall confirm minimum standard specified before use. Primarily the cement,
aggregate, sand and steel shall be used that confirms to NS or IS standard.
 Batching, mixing, placing and curing of concrete, steel fabrication and placing shall be done
as per standard practice.
 Construction safety shall be well planned and implemented.

7. Conclusion:
Hence, the seismic design of residential building of Mr., Budhanilkantha-, Kapan, Kathmandu was
performed according to codal provision of IS 1893:2016 , IS 456:2000, IS875 Part 1 & Part 2 ,IS
13920 and present engineering practices .The design is performed using Etab2016 version 17.0.1.
Therefore, the building is seismic resistant in reference to current load pattern and occupancy as per
IS 456:2000 code.

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 ANNEX -A
BEAM/COLUMN REINFORCEMENT DETAIL
FOUNDATION NODE GRID

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ANNEX-B
CALCULATION SHEETS

SLAB DESIGN SAMPLE

STAIRCASE DESIGN
STRAP FOOTING SAMPLE
MAT FOOTING SAMPLE