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Chapter 7

INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES PROFILE

7.1 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE CONDITIONS AND CONCERNS

7.1.1 Water Supply
As of 2013, a total of 65,807 households (94 percent of total households) in Santa
Rosa City have access to safer water. Of those who have access, 65 percent are
served by Level I and 35 percent by Level III systems. There are no households with
access to Level II access to water.
Level III systems is operated by the Laguna Water Management Services
Corporation, a subsidiary of the Manila Water Company, Inc. (MWCI). The Laguna
Water sources the water supply from the Matangtubig springs in Cabuyao. The rest
of the individual households rely on groundwater for drinking and domestic uses
through water wells (Level I).
The Level III water system has poor level of service characterized by low to zero
pressure during peak demand, high non-revenue water due to presence of leaks in
pipes, and old and undersized pipes. Per capita demand ranges between 152 to
211 liters per day. Water rates as of 1999 are shown in Table 7.1 below:
    
Table 7-1: Raters (PhP) in Water Consumption in Santa Rosa City

Consumer Type/Water Consumption Water Rate (PhP)

Residential
0-10 m3 20.00
11-30 m3 0.50 per m3
31-50 m3 1.50 per m3
51-70 m3 2.00 per m3
71-100 m3 2.50 per m3
More than 100 m3 3.00 per m3
Commercial
0-10 m3 50.00
11-30 m3 1.50 per m3
31-50 m3 2.50 per m3
51-70 m3 3.00 per m3
71-100 m3 4.00 per m3
More than 100 m3 5.00 per m3
Source: CBSR Waterworks System
On the other hand, Level I systems are not monitored and can led to groundwater
exploitation. Based on the available 1998 data, groundwater extraction has already
reached 60% of the safe groundwater yield. Santa Rosa has 110 ground water
permits (domestic, commercial, industrial, and irrigation, municipal) with a total
 

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extraction of 1,431.616 liters per second (lps). The specific capacity of the wells
within the vicinity of Santa Rosa ranges from 1 to 30 liter per second per meter (l
/s/m). Of these, 35 water rights/permits for domestic water supply, all of which are
sourced from groundwater, have been issued by the National Water Resources
Board (NWRB).
If left unchecked, the groundwater depths may increase resulting in higher pumping
costs and further ground subsidence. It can also lead to degraded quality of water for
the Level I system as articulated by participants during the 2012 Sectoral Analysis
Workshop. The respondents complained that water from the wells are already
getting dirty, tastes different, and at times looks gray or yellowish caused by the
contamination of water wells and tables and has likely caused increase in water-
related diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and diarrhea. To make the water potable,
some of the residents boil the water or use carbonized filter or alkaline distillers.
There are residents who submit the well for testing and find that the water quality is
still acceptable except during flood events.

7.1.2 Sewerage and Sanitation

It is estimated that about 64,775 households (93% of total) have private sanitary
toilets and complete sanitation facilities. However, with the exception of industrial
estates, there is no sewerage system in Santa Rosa City. Direct disposal of domestic
wastewater through soil percolation or through drainage canals or directly to surface
water bodies can contribute to the deterioration of creeks, rivers and the Laguna
Lake.
A special concern for this infrastructure sub-sector is the lack of sanitation and toilet
facilities during disaster response as identified during the 2012 Sectoral Analysis
Workshop. It was noted that there is an increase in the number families getting sick
while in evacuation centers.

7.1.3 Flood Control and Drainage

The main receiving bodies of water for stormwater run-off in the city are the Santa
Rosa River at the western boundary, the Diezmo and Cabuyao Rivers at the eastern
side, and the Laguna de Bay. A system of storm drainage systems in the urban
areas, residential areas and industrial estates convey runoff to these natural water
bodies. These consist of reinforced-concrete pipes, open canals (either lined or
unlined), and reinforced-concrete rectangular culverts. Flooding is limited to tidal
flooding in the lakeshore areas and river overflows. An area of around 50 hectares
within the Diezmo River Irrigation System is prone to flooding.
Findings of the 2010 Site Investigation/Engineering Study for a Flood Control,
Combined Drainage Sewerage System for the Santa Rosa Basin Project Interim
Report, the existing drainage system in the 18 barangays of Santa Rosa City is a
 

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combination of circular pipe and rectangular channel. Most of the system is closed
and about 90% is pipe. Based on the study, it reveals that most of the drainage
structure are either insufficient to catch surface run-off due to structures are
damaged. This condition coupled with encroachment of informal settlers along river
banks resulting to flooding in the low lying areas. (p.13: 43-54). It was also observed
during the field visit of the Study Team on February 12, 2016 that residential houses
are found on the side of main canals.

In the recent study on “Participatory Watershed Land-use Management: An

Approach for Integrated Climate Change Actions” of the University of the Philippines-
Los Banos and Institute of Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) of Japan, it is
estimated that the flood extent area of Santa Rosa City will increase by 22 percent
in 2025, reckoned from 2014 level, if the current urban development scenario is
allowed to run its course without intervention. This translates to 1,180 hectares of
flooded areas, compared to 970 hectares in 2014. This projection is based on the
rapid land conversion from agricultural to residential and industrial, thereby
increasing impervious areas. (Figures 7.1 and 7.2)
The flooding from new land development, particularly in the downstream areas, was
articulated in the 2012 Sectoral Analysis Workshop.

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Source: UPLB-IGES Presentation
Figure 7-1: Significant Development in Flood-Prone Areas in Selected Areas in Laguna

 
Source: UPLB-IGES Presentation
Figure 7-2: Land Use Changes Model: Do Nothing Scenario

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7.1.4 Irrigation

One factor that contributes to the declining cultivation of agricultural lands is the lack
of irrigation. As of 2013, there is only one antiquated irrigation facility, rehabilitated in
2010, in Sta. Rosa City (Table 7.2.

Table 7-2: Irrigation System of the City of Sta. Rosa, 2013

Name of Specific Date Service Investment Funding

Facility/Project Location Constructed Area (ha) Cost Source
Macabling RIS Sta. Rosa Friars’ Era 230.7 Date of National
River rehabilitation: Irrigation
2009-2010 Admin
(NIA)/
Rehabilitation Laguna-
Cost: Rizal
PhP1.25Million Irrigation
Admin

Source: City Agriculture Office, City of Sta. Rosa, Laguna

 

In addition to its own system, the rice areas of Santa. Rosa City is also served by an
irrigation facility in Cabuyao, Laguna (Figure 7.3).

Table 7-3: Irrigation Facilities servicing Rice Areas of the City of Sta. Rosa

Location Communal/SWIP Season Area Served No. of Barangays

(ha) served
Macabling Macabling R I S Dry 230.7 5
Wet 230.7 5
Cabuyao, Diezmo R I S Dry 238.2 6
Laguna Wet 238.2 6
Source: City Agriculture Office, City of Sta. Rosa, Laguna

7.1.5 Electric Power

Power Supply in South Luzon Region wherein Santa Rosa City is situated, is
generated by power plants operated by the National Power Corporation (NPC) and
by Independent Power Producers (IPPs) located in strategic parts of Luzon and
supplied to the Luzon Grid attaining a capacity of 9,158 megawatts. Some power
plants are located in the region, especially in the Province of Laguna (Makiling
Banahaw Geothermal Power Plant), Batangas (Calaca Coal Fired Power Plant) and
Quezon (Pagbilao and Hopewell Coal Fired Power Plant). Power is distributed by the
Manila Electric Company.

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Although the existing structure of MERALCO as the power distributor is deemed
equal to the required service provision in the area, it is important that alternative
sources of electricity be developed to reduce the use of fuel generators during power
interruptions.

As articulated during the 2012 Sectoral Analysis Workshop, there is also a need for
government centers to become LEED-certified to set a good example in efficient
energy management.

7.1.6 Information and Communications Technology

The Communication facilities in Santa Rosa is telecom ready with the availability of
telecommunications services, specifically fixed landline telephone (by PLDT,
DIGITEL), cellular/mobile telephone (Smart, Globe and Sun Cellular) and broadband
carriers (Globe, Smart, PLDT, Bayantel). Internet Service Providers (ISP) is powered
by fiber optic cable network infrastructure and wireless technology. Courier services
are provided by private entities like DHL, FEDEX and LBCAIR. National and local
newspapers and broadsheets circulate regularly. Satellite antenna - based cable TV
stations – Royal Cable, SkyCable and Cignal Cable- operate in all areas.
However, there are two key areas of concern in the ICT sub-sector as identified
during the 2012 Sectoral Analysis Workshop. These are:
1) Minimal/unreliable access to the internet of government centers which hamper
efficiency for conducting business;

2) Unreliable communications due to intermittent mobile phone signals within the

city and the use of non-fiber optics telephone lines. The latter has created
apprehension among investors relying on ICT in as much as the desired
infrastructure is already in place.

7.1.7 Solid Waste Disposal System

In 2013, the number of households with satisfactory garbage disposal was estimated
to be around 95 percent, a slight decline from the 2011 figure of 98 percent. This is
considered to be outstanding rate of solid waste disposal at the household level.
Table 7-4: Rate of Solid Waste Disposal at the Household Level in Santa Rosa City.

No. of HH with
satisfactory 2011 2012 2013
garbage disposal
CHO1 32,565 (98.08%) 27,478 (98.25%) 27,013 (92.35%)
CHO12 25,755 (98.70%) 40,622 (97.0%) 40,622 (97.0%)
Average % 98.39% 97.63% 94.68%

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The City of Santa Rosa has adopted a 10-year Solid Waste Management Plan which
requires that the City Government, through the supervision of the City ENRO,
provide daily garbage collection on the 18 barangays, including almost all private
subdivision. PTAC uses 29 dump trucks tracking different routes per day. Industries,
shopping malls, restaurants, and high-end residential subdivisions have their own
private hauler to collect and dispose their waste including special wastes.
It also includes the operation of the Eco-Waste Center, located at the Barangay
Market Area, to convert biodegradable wastes from the Santa Rosa Public Market
into an organic fertilizer through the process of composting. These wastes include
rotten fruits and vegetables, fruit and vegetable peelings, chicken innards, fish gills,
scales and innards. An estimated of 50 kilos of wastes per day are being collected
from the public market.
The collected wastes in the City of Santa Rosa are hauled directly to the sanitary
landfill of the Pilotage Trading and Construction (PTAC) in Brgy. San Antonio in San
Pedro, Laguna with an ECCLLDA-2006-095-92001. The sanitary landfill has an area
of 12 hectares with a capacity of not more than 200 metric tons per day. An
estimated of 600 cubic meters of wastes are being collected per day from the 18
urban barangays of the City of Santa Rosa. All raw and assorted garbage are
disposed to the landfill area wherein the recyclables are being collected by the waste
pickers who are legally recognized by PTAC. These waste pickers are educated and
trained for the proper waste management system. They are provided uniforms and
safety personal protective equipments (PPE) such as gloves, masks, and boots.
The main issue identified as far as solid waste is the lack of land for MRF and pick-
up stations. Residents complain when these facilities are near their houses with the
fear of diseases and bad odor and fumes.

7.1.8 Projects

To address the issues that have been identified in the various infrastructure and
utilities sub-sectors, the following projects have been proposed through the CLUP
and other studies conducted. These are as follows:
7.1.8.1 Level III Water Supply   
 
This will entail the development of new water sources (mainly deep wells), storage
facilities, pump stations, transmission and distribution lines, and rehabilitation of
existing facilities. The estimated additional service population is about 22,000 in the
short-term, 46,000 in the medium-term, and 42,000 in the long-term.
As discussed above, this shall be undertaken by CBSRWS but nonetheless, private
sector participation should be explored.

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7.1.8.2 Bulk Water Supply (refer to CLMDS Project IF‐3)   
 
This entails the development of water sources (deep well fields and/or surface water
sources), treatment plants, storage facilities, and transmission lines. A bulk water
project in the bay area is expected to serve not only Santa Rosa, but adjoining towns
as well, and a significant percentage of revenues would come from industrial
estates/firms. As discussed above, this could be undertaken by the CBSRWS and/or
the private sector. This is envisaged in the long-term.

7.1.8.3 Groundwater Use Metering/Monitoring Program (refer to CLMDS Project

IF-2)
This would involve inter-local co-operation and involves groundwater baseline
studies (groundwater levels, water quality, use allocation, saltwater intrusion) and a
water use regulation program.

7.1.8.4 Septage Treatment Plant Development

This entails development of a septage treatment plant. A plant could be put up
solely for Santa Rosa City, but a bigger capacity plant could be constructed to cater
to several towns. Revenues would be in the form of "tipping" fees to be charged to
the private "Malabanan" desludging companies. This shall be implemented by the
local government(s). This shall be undertaken in the short-term.

7.1.8.5 Sanitation Project

This involves the construction of communal toilets in depressed communities and in
key public areas.

7.1.8.6 Community Sewerage System

This will involve the construction of a domestic sewage collection system and
sewage treatment plants. Target areas will be the Urban Redevelopment and
Growth Management Areas. This long-term project will help in the reduction of
pollution loads that cause deterioration of rivers and creeks as well as the Laguna de
Bay.

7.1.8.7 River Capacity Enhancement

River capacity enhancement, particularly the widening of Santa Rosa, Labas and
Caingin rivers, construction of new drainage system and compulsory provision of

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sewer system has been found the most realistic measure to address the twin
concerns of flowing and river pollution confronting the City of Santa Rosa.
The status of these projects will be confirmed and duly integrated in the upgrading of
the CLUP, in consideration of the recommendations from the 2012 Sectoral Analysis
Workshop which includes:
a. Flood zoning and special building codes for flood zones

b. Involvement of local barangays to allocate MRF spaces to be funded by the

city government. A massive information and educational campaign is also
helpful to convince local residents about the merits of MRF.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

   

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7.2 TRANSPORTATION

7.2.1 Situational Analysis

7.2.2 Sectoral Analysis Workshop

In the situational analysis gleaned from the Sectoral Analysis Workshop Output
conducted as part of the Sectoral Situational Analysis and Planning activity for the
Updating of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) for 2012-2022, conducted
last September 18, 2012, the observations of issues and concerns related to the
transportation sector were identified, along with their implications or effects.
Possible interventions were also identified, in the same forum.

Table 7-5: Summary of Observations, Implications and Possible Interventions

Observation/Technical Implications/Effects Policy

Findings/Issues and Option/Intervention/Possible
Concerns Solution
CPDO/CTMEO
Lack of Traffic Indicated in the CLUP Conduct strategic Traffic
Masterplan 2000-2015 but was not Impact assessment.
pursued
Promote the three E’s of traffic
management.
Participatory plan formulation.
Minimal Use of Bicycles Environment Friendly, Provision of Bicycle lanes,
Good for the Health Bicycle specific route, etc.
aside from sidewalk.
Lack of a dedicated Costly and inconvenient A local railroad system
public transport system for the commuting connecting the old city to the
linking the east (old city public more developed part of the
area) to the west part of city or a new route of public
the city (west) NUVALI vehicles from east to south
area
Lack of ferries traveling Will lessen the load of Accreditation of Ferries,
from one LGU to another commuters using public promotion of water transport
using the Laguna de Bay roads as a means of traveling
route
Improved Capability and CTMEO staff prone to Trainings, capacity building,
safety of CTMEO staff harassments hiring of additional staff if
 

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needed, additional equipment
(camera, batons, radios, etc.)
etc.
Started Partnership with Increase awareness of Traffic safety park, inclusion of
TAP and Rotary Club in students about traffic traffic safety education in
local traffic education safety school children’s curriculum
No Motorpool / Impounded vehicles are Provision of motorpool
Impounding Area considered eyesore in
front of police stations
Lack of traffic signs Commuters or In partnership with the civil
pedestrian doesn’t society, provide adequate
observe local traffic traffic signs
rules
Lack of pedestrian Pedestrian is highly at Provision of pedestrian
overpass in heavy traffic risk to motor accidents overpass in accident prone
and accident prone areas areas

The summary of the same forum noted that:

for the Transportation sector, issues include the Lack of Traffic Masterplan
which is also Indicated in the CLUP 2000-2015 but was not pursued, Minimal
Use of Bicycles which is Environment Friendly and Good for the Health, Lack
of a dedicated public transport system linking the east (old city area) to the
west part of the city (west) NUVALI area which is Costly and inconvenient to
the commuting public, Lack of ferries traveling from one LGU to another using
the Laguna de Bay route which may lessen the load of commuters using
public roads, No Motorpool / Impounding Area which means Impounded
vehicles are just parked in front of the PNP stations, Lack of traffic signs
which limits people’s traffic rules awareness and Lack of pedestrian overpass
in heavy traffic and accident prone areas which put Pedestrian at high-risk to
motor accidents.

In addition, other positive observations surfaced like Improved Capability and

safety of CTMEO staff and the CTMEO Starting Partnership with Toyota
Automotive Philippines and the Rotary Club in local traffic education.
Solutions presented were Conduct strategic Traffic Impact assessment,
Promote the three E’s of traffic management, Participatory plan formulation,
Provision of Bicycle lanes, Bicycle specific route, etc. aside from sidewalk,
construction of a local railroad system connecting the old city to the more
developed part of the city or a new route of public vehicles from east to south,
 

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Accreditation of Ferries - promotion of water transport as a means of traveling,
Trainings, capacity building, hiring of additional staff if needed, additional
equipment, Traffic safety park, inclusion of traffic safety education in school
children’s curriculum, construction of motorpool, strengthen partnership with
the civil society and Provision of pedestrian overpass in accident prone areas.

While these observations may be considered valid descriptions of the situation at

that time, the manner of analysis emphasizes the non-implementation of specific
“solutions”, which appear to remain largely unimplemented. At the same time, the
above observations do not address the cause of the increase in traffic volumes,
which are rooted in the shift in land-use types to greater density and greater traffic
generation. It is important to consider that capacity in the road network, or the
transportation at large, has not kept pace with the increase in traffic. While the
shorter-term goal should be the alleviation of congestion thru the increase in capacity
of the transportation system, it is necessary to increase awareness among the
decision-makers and the general public that this will not be sustainable if reliance on
private motor vehicles is encouraged. Instead, the thrust in the increase of capacity
of the transportation system should emphasize public transport and forms of private
mobility that take up less road space (such as bicycles or walking), but this will still
have to be supported by a general increase in road network capacity.

7.2.2 CLUP 2000 to 2015

For the “ROADS AND TRANSPORT” sector, the major thrust was set as the
development of additional road links that will provide the needed transport
infrastructure support in realizing the vision for the municipality. In view of the
planned industrialization, wider roads and better traffic management schemes will
have to be put in place.
The corresponding GOAL was, to ensure that the mobility of people and goods is
facilitated through the provision of an efficient transportation network.
Achieved through the objectives:
1. To strengthen the link of the municipality with other areas; and
2. To increase accessibility within the municipality
Targets were set as:
1. Implementation of proposed national road and regional projects within
the planning period.

2. Strengthening of the existing road network.

Development Strategies that were identified:

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∙ Endorsement and support to the implementation of the MCX project -
The rehabilitation and improvement of the PNR commuter services will
markedly enhance public transport services in the municipality. This will
reduce the need for more road linkages, with the rail providing an
efficient and reliable means of public transportation. The improved
mobility of people and goods will also prop the economy. Support for
this transport project shall be reflected in the LGU aid in the relocation
of squatters. Consideration of related developments at the stations will
also further promote the railway’s viability in a synergistic system. The
LGU endorsement shall be forwarded to the DOTC along with the
overall development plans for the municipality.

∙ Provision of additional road links In view of the plan to convert the

portion of the municipality on the western side of the SLEX to an urban
growth area, major road links should be constructed.

∙ These road sections should be of sufficient width to accommodate the

movements of large vehicles. Additional road links should also be
provided on the eastern side in order to supplement the existing
network.

∙ A connection to Cabuyao through the construction of a secondary road

is also recommended as an additional inter-municipality link.

In the same CLUP, the following table showed the estimated costs and proposed
timelines for each (Table 7.6) Considering the rapid urbanization rate of Santa rosa
City that would entail the influx of more migrants and economic activities, it can be
surmised that more roads need to be constructed, widened and improved within the
ten-year planning period. Figures 7.3 and 7.4 show the current network of major
roads and locations of bridges on which new transport projects will be proposed
udirng the next planning cycle.

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Table 7-6: Estimated Costs and Proposed Timelines for Transport Development Projects.

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Figure 7-3: Road Network Map

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Figure 7-4: City Bridges Map

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7.2.3 Potentials
There are some areas which are yet to be developed and the city may have a
chance to shape additions to the road network, if appropriate controls or
incentives are put in place to encourage the provision of the necessary right-of-
way for such roads.
7.2.4 Constraints
Actual influence of feasible incentives and/or controls may still not be enough to
encourage the provision (or even for land owners to allow the acquisition of some
sections) of land for new road right-of-way.
 
 
7.2.5 Recommended Projects and Programs
These would still be subject to the complete evaluation of the projects and programs
that were identified in the previous CLUP.

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