HYDRAULIC PRESS

K.RANJITH KUMAR
17KF1A0308
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper is to integrate the mechanical system of hydraulic press with hydraulic
system to facilitate the ease of operation to manufacture the smaller parts in a bulk. In the present
scenario, time constrain is a crucial part for completion of any production process. Thus with the
aid of automization, the production time can be reduced as well as higher degree of accuracy can
be achieved as the human efforts will be alleviated. Thus an attempt has been made to provide
the smooth and rapid functioning of press work with the help of hydraulic system.
A hydraulic press is a machine using a hydraulic cylinder to generate a compressive force.
Frame and cylinder are the main components of the hydraulic press. In this project press frame
and cylinder are designed by design procedure. The frame and cylinder are modeled by using
modeling software CATIA. Using the optimum resources possible in designing the hydraulic
press components can effect reduction in the cost by optimizing the weight of material utilized
for building the structure. An attempt has been made in this direction to reduce the volume of
material. So in this paper consideration for an industrial application consisting of mass
minimization of H frame type hydraulic press. . It uses the hydraulic equivalent of a
mechanical lever and was also known as a Bramah press after the inventor, joseph bramah in
england

KEY WORDS

Knowledge Management, Press work, hydraulic press, Automation .

INTRADUCTION
A hydraulic press is a machine press using a hydraulic cylinder to generate a compressive
force. It uses the hydraulic equivalent of a mechanical lever, and was also known as a
Bramah press after the inventor, Joseph Bramah, of England. He invented and was issued a
patent on this press in 1795.

press is a tool to produce compressive force by means of fluid. It depends upon

hydraulic system larger forces can be produced in contrast with mechanical and electrical
systems. Such forces can be used for the press work application such as blanking, punching,
piercing, coining, trimming etcetra.

hydraulic Press work is a method of mass production involving the cold working of metals,
usually in the form of thin sheet or strip. Press working is one of the extensively
employed methods of fabricating parts of intricate shapes with thin walls. Press working
processes make use of large forces by press tools for a short time interval which results in cutting
or shaping the sheet metal. Since, press working does not involve heating of the parts, close
tolerances and high surface finish can be obtained on the part. Since presses can produce
components at fairly fast rates, the unit cost of labor for operating the press is fairly low. Press
working forces are set up, guided and controlled in a machine referred to as a Press.
an attempt has been made to automize the process of press work using Hydraulic mechanism in
press machine. The inputs and outputs of the control system including hydraulic mechanism are
solely mechanical such as rotating shaft or reciprocating plunger. The prime renumeration of
implementing this system is the movement of the mechanical devices can be operated by means
of hydraulic components such as actuators to initiate the movement which could be in the form
of lever to apply manually or by means of switches to operate automatically. Furthermore,
direction control valves have been implemented to control the directions of piston movements
and regulate the same. Thus the whole mechanism have been simplified with the use of hydraulic
equipments. Moreover, the use of pressure control valve and direction control.

WORKING PRINCIPL E

A hydraulic press is a machine that uses pressurized liquid to create force. These machines are
composed of a simple cylinder and piston mechanism. The press consists of a large cylinder,
with a large piston, and a small cylinder and a small piston. The large cylinder and the small
cylinder are connected to one another by means of a pipe. The two cylinders, and the pipe
connecting them, are filled with a liquid. At this point, the function of the hydraulic press
depends on Pascal's Principle. Pascal's Principle states that when pressure is added to a liquid at
rest, there is an identical increase in pressure at all points. Applying this principle to the
hydraulic press means that any force that is added to the piston in the smaller cylinder will be
transferred to the piston in the larger cylinder, in a proportionally increased level of force. This
allows a hydraulic press to produce a great deal of force from the application of a small amount
of force to the small piston. The increase of the force produced by the larger piston is
proportionally larger than the force exerted on the small piston. The amount of increase depends
on the ratio of the sizes of the pistons. The ratio of the areas of the two pistons is multiplied by
the amount of force applied to the small piston to determine the amount of force that the large
piston can produce. For example, if the ratio of the sizes of the two pistons is 10, and the amount
of force applied to the small piston is 50 N, the amount of force that the large piston will produce
is 500 N. Hydraulic presses can be used in any task that requires a large amount of force. These
can include any type of lifting as well, since the hydraulic press can work as a type
of lever. These presses are the most efficient contemporary press, as well as the
most common.
The piston in this cylinder is pushed so that it compresses the fluid in it that flows
through a pipe into the larger cylinder. The larger cylinder is known as the master
cylinder. The pressure is exerted on the larger cylinder and the piston in the master
cylinder pushes the fluid back to the original cylinder.
The force applied on the fluids by the smaller cylinder results in a larger force
when pushed in the master cylinder. The hydraulic press is mostly used for
industrial purposes where a large pressure is required for compressing metals into
thin sheets. An industrial hydraulic press uses the material to be worked uponalong
with the help of the press plates to crush or punch the material into a thin sheet.

Specification

Frame:
 Height: 725 mm
 Width: 380 mm
 C-channel: 72x40mm

Spring:
 Elastic Type
 No. of Quantity: 2
 Free length: 230 mm

Jack:
 Capacity: 10 tons
 Height: 300 mm
MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Hydraulic presses are available in many types of construction which is also true of mechanical
presses. Following construction details just gives the basic idea of dimensions of different parts
used in the design module. Base is manufactured from 75x40 mm two c-channel of length 380
mm welded together .The height can be adjusted using rods. The die used for a particular given
shape is welded at the bottom plate. The dimensions of the frame is 725x380 mm of c-channel
of 75x40 mm with two support of c-channel Spring having free length 230 mm is fixed between
middle plate and frame soas to getthe flexible movement of the Movable plate. Punch is welded
at the bottom of the movable plate. Jack is mounted in between the frame and middle plate. The
basic Manufacturing process is shown in below figure

CONCLUSION

It is a multi-purpose machine as it can be used for performing different tasks. By changing the
die different operation like bending, blanking etc. can be performed on a hydraulic press
machine. The design has main focus on reducing operator fatigue and increase safety, improving
the flexibility and makes operation more convenient, and to achieve dimensional and positional
accuracy. Components of press are designed to avoid bending failure due to applied load. Mild
steel is selected as material based on its properties such as high bending & tensile strength, it
compatibility with operation like machining, welding, finishing, cutting etc. and cost as
economic factor

ADVANTAGES
  Full power stroke
 Built-in overload protection
 Much lower original cost and operating costs
 Larger capacities at lower cost

REFERENCES

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