Balochistan University of Information Technology

Engineering & Management Sciences

A PROJECT REPORT ON AUTOMATIC DRAIN
CLEANING SYSTEM
By
Naseebullah (36822)
Fahad Tayyab (38226)
Ahmedullah Zahoor (37286)
Abdul Wajid (38230)
Taimoor Ahmed (37220)
GROUP C
Under the supervisor of
Madam Munaza
Mechanics of Machine
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 1. Acknowledgement:-
The authors wish to thank the members of group that which they guide
me for the presentation make and Also I am very Thank full to Idrees
Bugti.

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 2. Abstract:-
The Project is about replacing the manual work in drainage cleaning by
automated system. Now a days these automation plays a role in all
industrial application. It’s also helps to protect the environment from
different kinds of environmental hazards through the promotion waste
management by the removal of garbage from the drainage system.
In Order to overcome the problems in manual drain cleaning, we are
implementing “Automatic Drain Cleaning System”, to Clean and control
the drainage level. We designed our project to use this in efficient way
to control the disposal of wastages and with regular filtration of
wastages, clearance of gaseous substance are treated separately and
monitor the disposal of frequent manner. This project automatically
cleans the water in the drainage system each time any impurity appears,
and claws which are driven by chain sprocket grasp the solid waste and
threw it into the waste bucket to avoid blockage. It even reduces the cost
of manual labor as well as reduces the threat to human life.

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 3. Introduction:-
Machine which clean and control system using auto mechanism proposed
to overcome the real time problems. There is a plenty of water on earth but
that is not suitable for human use. Clean water is more important if used
for some purpose. The main drainage system is to collect, transport and
dispose of the water through an outfall or outlet. This project is designed
to keep clean the drainage system and helps the smooth working of the
system. It also reduces labour and improves the quality of water that is
cleaned. The drainage systems cannot be cleaned because of the harsh
conditions of the rain which no one would volunteer to endure to ensure
garbage does not enter into the drainage systems. The waste and gases
produced from the industries are very harmful to human beings and to the
environment. Our proposed system is used to clean and control the
drainage level using auto mechanism technique.

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 4. Component:-
4.1 DC Motor:-
DC motor is one type of motor that uses the DC current to convert
electrical energy into mechanical energy. When the electric current
passes through a coil in a magnetic field, a magnetic force will be
generated, which produces a torque in the DC motor. In this Project we
use 12v motor.

4.2 Sprockets:-
A sprocket or sprocket-wheel is a profiled wheel with teeth, or cogs, that
mesh with a chain, track or other perforated or indented material. The
name 'sprocket' applies generally to any wheel upon which radial
projections engage a chain passing over it. In This project we use 18 teeth
sprocket

Fig 4.2.1: Sprockets

4.3 Bearings:-
A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only
the desired motion, and reduces friction between moving parts. There
are many different types of bearings, each used for specific purposes and
designed to carry specific types of loads, radial or thrust.

Fig 4.3.1: Bearing

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4.4. Chain Drives:-
Chain drive is a way of transmitting mechanical power from one place to
another. It is often used to convey power to the wheels of a vehicle,
particularly bicycles and motorcycles. It is also used in a wide variety of
machines besides vehicles.

Fig 4.4.1: Chain Drives

4.5. Shaft:-
A shaft is a rotating machine element, usually circular in cross section,
which is used to transmit power from one part to another, or from a
machine which produces power to a machine which absorbs power. The
various members such as pulleys and gears are mounted on it.

Fig 4.5.1: Shaft

4.6. Sheet Metal:-
Sheet metal is metal formed by an industrial process into thin, flat pieces.
Sheet metal is one of the fundamental forms used in metalworking.
4.7. Bucket:-
A bucket is typically a watertight, vertical cylinder or truncated cone or
square, with an open top and a flat bottom, attached to a semicircular
carrying handle called the bail.

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 5. Advantages and Disadvantages:-
Advantages:

Cost of production is low

No need to purchase heavy machinery
Reduces threat to human life
Manual assistance is not required
Working principle is quiet easy.
Compact
Portable.
Highly Efficient

Disadvantages:

Rust
Flat solar panel
Jerks in chain

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 6. Applications:-
It can be installed for domestic sewage treatment.
It can be used for proper treatment of sewage as well as to avoid
blockage of drains.
It is portable and compact in size which initiates easy handling.
Manual assistance is not required.

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 7. Working Principle:-
The devices is place across drain so that only water flow through lower
grids, waste like bottle, Etc. Floating in drain are lifted by teeth which is
connected to chain. This chain is attached by gear driven by motor. When
motor runs the chain starts to circulate making teeth to lift up. The waste
materials are lifted by teeth and are stored in waste storage tank.

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 8. Designing:-
The Device Is Place Across Drain So That Only Water Flow Through Lower
Grids. Waste Like Bottle, Etc. Floating In Drain Are Lifted By Teeth Which
Is Connected To Chain. This Chain Is Attached By Gears Driven By Motor.
The Energy Provided To Motor Is Solar Photovoltaic Cell Connected To It.
When Motor Runs The Chain Starts To Circulate Making Teeth To Lift Up.
The Waste Materials Are Lifted By Teeth And Are Stored In Waste Storage
Tank.

Fig 4.1: Automatic Drain Cleaning System

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 9. Design calculation:-
Design of shaft bearing of mechanism:
Radial load (ft) :9.18N
Diameter of shaft : 20mm
Let the life of bearing be : 25000Hrs
M=25rpm
Assuming this life as average life = 25000x60x25 =37.5million revolution
Taking bearing No.: 6300
This bearing is having the dynamic load capacity (C) = 636080
Static Load carrying capacity (Co) = 3570
Now Fr/Co = 0.0027
Now the value of ‘e’ = 0.19
Density = 7808 Kg/M3.
Design of shaft:
Material: Mild Steel (Water Quenched)
Modulus of Rigidity (G) = 82 gpa.
Modulus of Elasticity (E) = 207 gpa.
Yield Stress (τ) = 241 mpa (In Shear)
Yield Stress (σ) = 414 mpa.(In Tension)
Permissible Shear Stress: 462 mpa.
Permissible Tension: 655 mpa.
Shaft Dia = 10 mm
Length of Shaft (l) = 28 mm
Volume = (π/4) d2 l = 2.199 x 10-5
Mass = Volume * Density = 2.199*10^(-5) * 7808 = 0.1717kg
Weight = 0.1717*9.81 = 1.684 N
Design of Machine Shaft:-
Now calculating bending stress on shaft

M = 0.20609 N-m.
y = d/2
σ = 2.099 MPa

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 10. Results:-
While conducting the experiment the parameters considered are uniform
flow rate of water, depth of the channel is 1feet and height of the
channel is 3feet, rate of disposal of waste is uniform, lifter speed and
motor speed is constant.
a. Alarm will turn on when the collecting bin is filled.
b. Lifter speed is constant and it regularly lifts the waste.
c. Cost of the machine is economic and it requires only 12-24 volts of
current.

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 11. Conclusion:-
In the treatment system of drainage Waste water control by the motor,
roller chain and sprocket, lifter and the collecting bin to achieve semi-
automatic control of sewage waste water treatment.
Drainage from industries is treated through this project to meet the
national emission standards, with stable operation, low cost and good
effect.
Drainage wastewater control is treated by this method to irrigate plants,
clean toilets, etc.

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12. References:-
[1]https://engineeringsearch.org/index.php/GJRE/article/view/1419
[2] http://www,slideshare.net/newagents1/automatic-drainage-
cleaning-system
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drain_cleaner
[4] Theory of machines –S S Rattan Department of Mechanical
Engineering Regional Engineering College Kurukshetra
(2004).Publication: Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited.
[5] Design of machine elements (DME-II) by K Raghavendra .first
edition 2015.
[6] Design and Data hand book for Mechanical Engineers by K
Mahadevan and K Balaveera reddy. Fourth edition 2013.

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