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Engineering Mechanics 1: Chanat Ratanasumawong (CRW) 309 Salab Building Tel: 022186593

1. Mechanics deals with the effects of forces on objects and is divided into statics and dynamics. 2. Statics concerns equilibrium of bodies while dynamics concerns motion of bodies. 3. Mechanics has applications in areas like strength of machines and structures, vibrations, and fluid mechanics.

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Wasin Wiwongsak
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79 views14 pages

Engineering Mechanics 1: Chanat Ratanasumawong (CRW) 309 Salab Building Tel: 022186593

1. Mechanics deals with the effects of forces on objects and is divided into statics and dynamics. 2. Statics concerns equilibrium of bodies while dynamics concerns motion of bodies. 3. Mechanics has applications in areas like strength of machines and structures, vibrations, and fluid mechanics.

Uploaded by

Wasin Wiwongsak
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Mechanics 1

ชนัตต รัตนสุมาวงศ
Chanat Ratanasumawong (CRW)
309 Salab Building
Tel: 022186593
1/1 Mechanics
Mechanics is the physical science which deals with the effects of
forces on objects

The subject of mechanics is divided into two parts:


1. Statics: equilibrium of bodies
2. Dynamics: motion of bodies

Applications
•Strength of machines and structures
•Vibrations (engine, building, bridge)
•Fluid mechanics (airplanes, fluid machinery)
1/2 Basic concepts
Space: the region occupied by bodies whose positions are
described using coordinate system (meter)
Time: the measure of the succession of events (sec)
Used in dynamics
Mass: the body’s resistance to change in velocity (kg)
the body’s ability to generate attractive force between
itself and another
Force: the action of one body to another (N)
Particle: a body of negligible dimensions (dimensions are not
significant to the description of its position or forces
applied to it) → concentrated mass
Rigid body: a body with negligible deformation
1/3 Scalars and vectors
Scalars: only magnitude is associated
Ex. mass, volume, density, speed, length, angle

Vectors: magnitude and direction are important


Ex. Displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, moment

Vectors can be classified by the importance of their position

1. Free vector
2. Sliding vector
3. Fixed vector
1/3 Scalars and vectors
Free vector
Displacement of body moving
without rotation

Sliding vector
Force acting on a rigid body

Fixed vector
≠ The action of force on a deformable
body
Deformable body
1/3 Scalars and vectors
v v Free vector
S S
v Displacement of body
v S
S moving without rotation

v v Sliding vector
F F
Force acting on a rigid body
Rigid body

≠ Fixed vector
v v
F F The action of force on a
deformable body
Deformable body
Vector basics (1)
• Representation r
r V
Magnitude = | V | or V
θ

θ = Direction r
r −V (same magnitude but
Vector = V or V opposite direction)

• Addition (parallelogram law)


r r r
r V2 V V r
V2 V2
r r
V1 V1
r r r r
V1 V = V1 + V2 V ≠ V1 + V2
Vector basics (2)
• Subtraction r
r V1
V2 r r r r r
V = V1 − V2 = V1 + (−V2 )
r
r V r
V1 −V2

• Basic relations
r
V r V 2 = V12 + V22 − 2V1V2 cos( β )
θ β V2
r V2 V
V1 =
sin(θ ) sin( β )
Example (1)
Given: V2 = 12, V1 = 10
V2
V = V2 - V1 θ = 30 deg
β
θ Find: V and β
V1

V 2 = V1 + V2 − 2V1V2 cos(θ )
2 2
cosine law
V 2 = 10 2 + 12 2 − 2(10)(12) cos(30o )
V = 6.013

sine law V2 V 12 6.013


= =
sin β sin θ sin β sin 30o
β = 86.26o ,93.74o
Example (2)
Check by cosine law
β = 86.26o
cosine law 12 2 = 10 2 + 6.0132 − 2(10)(6.013) cos(86.26o )
144 ≠ 128

β = 93.74o
cosine law 12 2 = 10 2 + 6.0132 − 2(10)(6.013) cos(93.74o )
144 = 144 OK

∴V = 6.013, β = 93.74 o
Ans
Vector basics (3)
• Components Rectangular Components
2
r y
r
r V r V
V2 Vy
β θ
rθ 1
r
Vx
x
V1
Given V, θ and β, we have Vx = V cos(θ )
V y = V sin(θ )
V1 Sine law

V2 Sine law V = Vx2 + V y2


θ = tan −1 (V y / Vx )
Vector basics (4)
Unit vector
r
V = Vnˆ , n̂ = unit vector; (magnitude
r
= 1, same
direction as V )

3D Rectangular component
z
ĵ y r
k̂ V = Vx iˆ + V y ˆj + Vz kˆ
Vy ˆj r
Vz kˆ V Vx = V cos(θ x )
θz
θy Vy = V cos(θ y )
θx
Vz = V cos(θ z )

Vx iˆ V 2 = Vx2 + Vy2 + Vz2


iˆ x
1 = cos 2 (θ x ) + cos 2 (θ y ) + cos 2 (θ z )
Newton’s Laws (1)
Law 1
“A particle remains at rest or continues to move in a straight
line with a uniform velocity if there is no unbalanced force
acting on it.”
r r
a =0 ⇔ ∑F = 0
Law 2
“The acceleration of a particle is proportional to the resultant
force acting on it and is in the direction of this force.”
r r
∑ F = ma
Newton’s Laws (2)
Law 3
“The force of action and reaction between interacting bodies
are equal in magnitude, opposite in direction, and collinear.”
r r
F −F
F F

Action = Reaction

Action and reaction are acting on different bodies.


*

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