FT81X Series Programmers Guide

Version 1.2

Issue Date: 2018-10-02

This document is the programmers guide for the FT81X series chip (where x stands for
any value of 0, 1, 2, 3). It describes the necessary information for programmers
developing display, audio or touch applications with the FT81X (EVE) series devices.

Use of Bridgetek devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the user’s risk, and
the user agrees to defend, indemnify and hold Bridgetek harmless from any and all damages,
claims, suits or expense resulting from such use

Bridgetek Pte Ltd (BRTChip)

178 Paya Lebar Road, #07-03 Singapore 409030
Tel : +65 6547 4827 Fax : +65 6841 6071
Web Site: http://brtchip.com
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction .............................................................. 9
1.1 Overview .............................................................................9
1.2 Scope ..................................................................................9
1.3 API Reference Definitions ...................................................9

2 Programming Model ................................................ 10

2.1 General Software Architecture ..........................................10
2.2 Read Chip Identification Code ...........................................11
2.3 Initialization Sequence ...................................................... 11
2.4 Audio Routines ..................................................................12
2.4.1 Sound Effect .................................................................................... 12

2.4.2 Audio Playback ................................................................................. 13

2.5 Graphics Routines ............................................................. 14

2.5.1 Getting Started ................................................................................. 14

2.5.2 Coordinate Plane............................................................................... 15

2.5.3 Screen Rotation ................................................................................ 16

2.5.4 Drawing Pattern ................................................................................ 20

2.5.5 Bitmap Transformation Matrix ............................................................ 24

2.5.6 Color and Transparency ..................................................................... 24

2.5.7 Performance ..................................................................................... 25

3 Register Description ................................................ 26

3.1 Graphics Engine Registers .................................................26
3.2 Audio Engine Registers...................................................... 37
3.3 Touch Screen Engine Registers .........................................43
3.3.1 Overview ......................................................................................... 43
3.3.2 Common Registers ............................................................................ 43

3.3.3 Resistive Touch Engine(FT810/2) ........................................................ 50

3.3.4 Capacitive Touch Engine(FT811/3) ...................................................... 59

3.3.5 Calibration ....................................................................................... 74

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3.4 Co-processor Engine Registers ..........................................75

3.5 Special Registers ............................................................... 77
3.6 Miscellaneous Registers .................................................... 81

4 Display List Commands ............................................ 89

4.1 Graphics State ...................................................................89
4.2 Command Encoding ........................................................... 90
4.3 Command Groups .............................................................. 91
4.3.1 Setting Graphics State ....................................................................... 91
4.3.2 Drawing Actions................................................................................ 92
4.3.3 Execution Control.............................................................................. 92

4.4 ALPHA_FUNC .....................................................................92

4.5 BEGIN................................................................................94
4.6 BITMAP_HANDLE............................................................... 96
4.7 BITMAP_LAYOUT ............................................................... 97
4.8 BITMAP_LAYOUT_H......................................................... 103
4.9 BITMAP_SIZE .................................................................. 103
4.10 BITMAP_SIZE_H ........................................................... 105
4.11 BITMAP_SOURCE .......................................................... 106
4.12 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A ............................................... 108
4.13 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_B ............................................... 109
4.14 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_C ............................................... 110
4.15 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_D ............................................... 111
4.16 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_E ............................................... 112
4.17 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_F ............................................... 113
4.18 BLEND_FUNC ................................................................ 114
4.19 CALL ............................................................................. 116
4.20 CELL .............................................................................. 117
4.21 CLEAR ........................................................................... 118

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4.22 CLEAR_COLOR_A .......................................................... 120

4.23 CLEAR_COLOR_RGB ...................................................... 121
4.24 CLEAR_STENCIL ............................................................ 122
4.25 CLEAR_TAG ................................................................... 123
4.26 COLOR_A ...................................................................... 124
4.27 COLOR_MASK................................................................ 125
4.28 COLOR_RGB .................................................................. 126
4.29 DISPLAY ....................................................................... 127
4.30 END............................................................................... 128
4.31 JUMP ............................................................................. 129
4.32 LINE_WIDTH ................................................................ 130
4.33 MACRO .......................................................................... 131
4.34 NOP .............................................................................. 131
4.35 PALETTE_SOURCE ......................................................... 132
4.36 POINT_SIZE .................................................................. 133
4.37 RESTORE_CONTEXT ...................................................... 134
4.38 RETURN ........................................................................ 135
4.39 SAVE_CONTEXT ............................................................ 136
4.40 SCISSOR_SIZE .............................................................. 137
4.41 SCISSOR_XY ................................................................. 138
4.42 STENCIL_FUNC ............................................................. 139
4.43 STENCIL_MASK ............................................................. 140
4.44 STENCIL_OP ................................................................. 141
4.45 TAG ............................................................................... 143
4.46 TAG_MASK .................................................................... 144
4.47 VERTEX2F ..................................................................... 145
4.48 VERTEX2II .................................................................... 146

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4.49 VERTEX_FORMAT .......................................................... 147

4.50 VERTEX_TRANSLATE_X ................................................. 148
4.51 VERTEX_TRANSLATE_Y ................................................. 149

5 Co-Processor Engine .............................................. 150

5.1 Command Interface ......................................................... 150
5.1.1 Circular Buffer ................................................................................ 150

5.1.2 Auxiliary Registers .......................................................................... 151

5.2 Widgets ........................................................................... 151

5.2.1 Common Physical Dimensions .......................................................... 153

5.2.2 Color Settings................................................................................. 153

5.2.3 Caveat........................................................................................... 153

5.3 Interaction with RAM_DL ................................................ 154

5.4 Synchronization .............................................................. 154
5.5 ROM and RAM Fonts ........................................................ 154
5.5.1 Font Metrics Block ........................................................................... 155

5.5.2 ROM Fonts (Built-in Fonts) ............................................................... 155

5.5.3 RAM Fonts (Custom Fonts) ............................................................... 156

5.6 Fault Scenarios ................................................................ 157

5.7 Graphics State ................................................................. 157
5.8 Parameter “OPTION”....................................................... 158
5.9 Resources Utilization ....................................................... 159
5.10 Command Groups ......................................................... 159
5.11 CMD_DLSTART - start a new display list ....................... 162
5.12 CMD_SWAP - swap the current display list ................... 163
5.13 CMD_COLDSTART - set co-processor engine state to
default values ......................................................................... 163
5.14 CMD_INTERRUPT - trigger interrupt INT_CMDFLAG...... 164
5.15 CMD_APPEND - append more commands to current
display list .............................................................................. 165

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5.16 CMD_REGREAD - read a register value .......................... 166

5.17 CMD_MEMWRITE - write bytes into memory ................. 167
5.18 CMD_INFLATE - decompress data into memory ............ 168
5.19 CMD_LOADIMAGE - load a JPEG or PNG image ............. 169
5.20 CMD_MEDIAFIFO – set up a streaming media FIFO in
RAM_G .................................................................................... 170
5.21 CMD_PLAYVIDEO – Video playback............................... 171
5.22 CMD_VIDEOSTART – initialize video frame decoder ...... 172
5.23 CMD_VIDEOFRAME - load the next frame of video ........ 172
5.24 CMD_MEMCRC - compute a CRC-32 for memory ............ 173
5.25 CMD_MEMZERO - write zero to a block of memory ........ 174
5.26 CMD_MEMSET - fill memory with a byte value .............. 175
5.27 CMD_MEMCPY - copy a block of memory....................... 176
5.28 CMD_BUTTON - draw a button ...................................... 176
5.29 CMD_CLOCK - draw an analog clock .............................. 179
5.30 CMD_FGCOLOR - set the foreground color .................... 183
5.31 CMD_BGCOLOR - set the background color ................... 184
5.32 CMD_GRADCOLOR - set the 3D button highlight color .. 185
5.33 CMD_GAUGE - draw a gauge ......................................... 187
5.34 CMD_GRADIENT - draw a smooth color gradient .......... 193
5.35 CMD_KEYS - draw a row of keys ................................... 196
5.36 CMD_PROGRESS - draw a progress bar ......................... 200
5.37 CMD_SCROLLBAR – draw a scroll bar............................ 203
5.38 CMD_SLIDER – draw a slider ........................................ 205
5.39 CMD_DIAL – draw a rotary dial control ......................... 207
5.40 CMD_TOGGLE – draw a toggle switch ........................... 210
5.41 CMD_TEXT - draw text .................................................. 213
5.42 CMD_SETBASE – Set the base for number output ......... 216

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5.43 CMD_NUMBER - draw number ....................................... 217

5.44 CMD_LOADIDENTIY - Set the current matrix to the
identity matrix ........................................................................ 220
5.45 CMD_SETMATRIX - write the current matrix to the display
list 220
5.46 CMD_GETMATRIX - retrieves the current matrix
coefficients ............................................................................. 221
5.47 CMD_GETPTR - get the end memory address of data
inflated by CMD_INFLATE ....................................................... 222
5.48 CMD_GETPROPS - get the image properties decompressed
by CMD_LOADIMAGE ............................................................... 223
5.49 CMD_SCALE - apply a scale to the current matrix ......... 223
5.50 CMD_ROTATE - apply a rotation to the current matrix .. 225
5.51 CMD_TRANSLATE - apply a translation to the current
matrix ..................................................................................... 226
5.52 CMD_CALIBRATE - execute the touch screen calibration
routine .................................................................................... 227
5.53 CMD_SETROTATE – Rotate the screen........................... 228
5.54 CMD_SPINNER - start an animated spinner .................. 229
5.55 CMD_SCREENSAVER - start an animated screensaver ... 233
5.56 CMD_SKETCH - start a continuous sketch update ......... 234
5.57 CMD_STOP - stop any of spinner, screensaver or sketch
236
5.58 CMD_SETFONT - set up a custom font ........................... 237
5.59 CMD_SETFONT2 - set up a custom font ......................... 237
5.60 CMD_SETSCRATCH - set the scratch bitmap for widget use
239
5.61 CMD_ROMFONT – load a ROM font into bitmap handle.. 239
5.62 CMD_TRACK - track touches for a graphics object ........ 240

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5.63 CMD_SNAPSHOT - take a snapshot of the current screen

245
5.64 CMD_SNAPSHOT2 - take a snapshot of part of the current
screen ..................................................................................... 246
5.65 CMD_SETBITMAP – set up display list for bitmap.......... 247
5.66 CMD_LOGO - play FTDI logo animation ......................... 249
5.67 CMD_CSKETCH – Deprecated ........................................ 249

6 Contact Information .............................................. 251

Appendix A – References ........................................... 252
Document References ............................................................. 252
Acronyms and Abbreviations................................................... 252
Memory Map ........................................................................... 253

Appendix B – List of Figures/Tables/Code Snippets .. 254

List of Figures ......................................................................... 254
List of Tables........................................................................... 254
List of Code Snippets .............................................................. 254
List of Registers ...................................................................... 255

Appendix C – Revision History ................................... 257

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1 Introduction
This document captures programming details for the FT81X series chips including graphics
commands, widget commands and configurations to control FT81X series chips for smooth and
vibrant screen effects.
The FT81X series chips are graphics controllers with add-on features such as audio playback and
touch capabilities. They consist of a rich set of graphics objects (primitive and widgets) that can be
used for displaying various menus and screen shots for a range of products including home
appliances, toys, industrial machinery, home automation, elevators, and many more.

1.1 Overview
This document will be useful to understand the command set and demonstrate the ease of usage
in the examples given for each specific instruction. In addition, it also covers various power
modes, audio, and touch features as well as their usage.
Information on pin settings, hardware characteristic and hardware configurations can be found in
the FT81X data sheet (DS_FT81X).
Within this document, the endianness of DL commands, co-processor engine commands, register
values, data in RAM_G are in ‘Little Endian’ format.

1.2 Scope
This document is targeted for software programmers and system designers to develop graphical
user interface (GUI) applications on any system processor with an SPI master port.

1.3 API Reference Definitions

Functionality and nomenclature of the APIs used in this document.
wr8() – write 8 bits to intended address location
wr16() – write 16 bits to intended address location
wr32() – write 32 bits to intended address location
wr8s() – write 8 bits string to intended address location
rd8() – read 8 bits from intended address location
rd16() – read 16 bits from intended address location
rd32() – read 32 bits from intended address location
rd8s() – read 8 bits string from intended address location

cmd() – write 32 bits command to co-processor engine FIFO RAM_CMD

cmd_*() – Write 32 bits co-processor engine command with its necessary parameters to the co-
processor engine FIFO (RAM_CMD).
dl() – Write 32 bits display list command to RAM_DL.
host_command() – send host command in host command protocol.

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2 Programming Model
The FT81X appears to the host MCU as a memory-mapped SPI device. The host MCU sends
commands and data over the serial protocol described in the data sheet.

2.1 General Software Architecture

The software architecture can be broadly classified into layers such as custom applications,
graphics/GUI manager, video manger, audio manager, drivers etc. FT81X higher level graphics
engine commands and co-processor engine widget commands are part of the graphics/GUI
manager. Control & data paths of video and audio are part of video manager and audio manager.
Communication between graphics/GUI manager and the hardware is via the SPI driver.
Typically the display screen shot is constructed by the custom application based on the framework
exposed by the graphics/GUI manager.

MCU
Custom Custom Custom
APP0 APP1 APP2

Graphics/GUI manager
FT81X graphics
objects & Host
widgets to be software
Video Manager Audio Manager part of stack
graphics
manager

SPI Driver

Hardware
FT81X

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2.2 Read Chip Identification Code

After reset or reboot, the chip ID can be read from address 0xC0000 to 0xC0003.
To read the chip identification code in the FT81X series chip, users are recommended to read 4
bytes of data from address 0xC0000 before the application overwrites this address, since it is
located in RAM_G.
The following table describes data to be read:

Address 0xC0003 0xC0002 0xC0001 0xC0000

0x10/0x12(FT810/FT812)
Data 0x00 0x01 0x08
0x11/0x13(FT811/FT813)

2.3 Initialization Sequence

This section describes the initialization sequence in the different scenario.

 Initialization Sequence during the boot up:

1. Send Host command “CLKEXT” to FT81X, if an external clock is used.

2. Send Host command “ACTIVE” to enable the clock to the FT81X. FT81X starts its self-
diagnosis process and may take up to 300ms. Alternatively, read REG_ID repeatedly until
0x7C is read.
3. Configure video timing registers, except REG_PCLK
4. Write first display list
5. Write REG_DLSWAP, FT81X swaps the display list immediately
6. Enable back light control for display
7. Write REG_PCLK, video output begins with the first display list
8. Use an MCU SPI clock of not more than 30MHz

MCU_SPI_CLK_Freq(<11MHz);//use the MCU SPI clock less than 11MHz

host_command(CLKEXT);//send command to "CLKEXT" to FT81X

host_command(ACTIVE);//send host command "ACTIVE" to FT81X

/* Configure display registers - demonstration for WQVGA resolution */

wr16(REG_HCYCLE, 548);
wr16(REG_HOFFSET, 43);
wr16(REG_HSYNC0, 0);
wr16(REG_HSYNC1, 41);
wr16(REG_VCYCLE, 292);
wr16(REG_VOFFSET, 12);
wr16(REG_VSYNC0, 0);
wr16(REG_VSYNC1, 10);
wr8(REG_SWIZZLE, 0);
wr8(REG_PCLK_POL, 1);
wr8(REG_CSPREAD, 1);
wr16(REG_HSIZE, 480);
wr16(REG_VSIZE, 272);

/* write first display list */

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wr32(RAM_DL+0,CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(0,0,0));
wr32(RAM_DL+4,CLEAR(1,1,1));
wr32(RAM_DL+8,DISPLAY());

wr8(REG_DLSWAP,DLSWAP_FRAME);//display list swap

wr8(REG_GPIO_DIR,0x80 | rd8(REG_GPIO_DIR));
wr8(REG_GPIO,0x080 | rd8(REG_GPIO));//enable display bit

wr8(REG_PCLK,5);//after this display is visible on the LCD

MCU_SPI_CLK_Freq(<30Mhz);//use the MCU SPI clock upto 30MHz

Code snippet 1 Initialization sequence

 Initialization Sequence from Power Down using PD_N pin:

1. Drive the PD_N pin high

2. Wait for at least 20ms
3. Execute ”Initialization Sequence during the Boot UP” from steps 1 to 9

 Initialization Sequence from Sleep Mode:

1. Send the Host command “ACTIVE” to enable the clock to the FT81X
2. Wait for at least 20ms
3. Execute “Initialization Sequence during Boot Up” from steps 5 to 8

 Initialization sequence from standby mode:

Execute all the steps mentioned in “Initialization Sequence from Sleep Mode” except
waiting for at least 20ms in step 2.
Note: Refer to the FT81X data sheet for more information.

2.4 Audio Routines

The FT81X audio engine has two functionalities: playback the audio data in RAM_G and synthesize
the sound effect stored in ROM with selected pitches.

2.4.1 Sound Effect

The FT81X audio engine has various sound data built-in to work as a sound synthesizer.
Sample code to play C8 on the xylophone:

wr8(REG_VOL_SOUND,0xFF); //set the volume to maximum

wr16(REG_SOUND, (0x6C<< 8) | 0x41); // C8 MIDI note on xylophone
wr8(REG_PLAY, 1); // play the sound
Code snippet 2 Play C8 on the xylophone

Sample code to check the status of sound play:

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Sound_status = rd8(REG_PLAY);//1-play is going on, 0-play has finished

Code snippet 3 Check the status of sound playing

Sample code to stop sound play:

wr16(REG_SOUND,0x0);//configure silence as sound to be played

wr8(REG_PLAY,1);//play sound
Sound_status = rd8(REG_PLAY);//1-play is going on, 0-play has finished
Code snippet 4 Stop playing sound

To avoid an audio pop sound on reset or power state change, trigger a "mute" sound, and wait for
it to complete (completion of sound play is when REG_PLAY contains a value of 0). This sets the
output value to 0 level. On reboot, the audio engine plays back the "unmute" sound to drive the
output to the half way level.
Note: Refer to the FT81X data sheet for more information on the sound synthesizer and audio
playback.

2.4.2 Audio Playback

The FT81X supports an audio playback feature. There are three types of audio format supported: 4
Bit IMA ADPCM, 8 Bit signed PCM, 8 Bit u-Law.
For IMA ADPCM format, please note the byte order: within one byte, the first sample (4 bits) shall
be located from bit 0 to bit 3, while the second sample (4 bits) shall be located from bit 4 to bit 7.
For the audio data in the FT81X RAM_G to play, the FT81X requires the start address in
REG_PLAYBACK_START to be 64 bit (8 Bytes) aligned. In addition, the length of audio data
specified by REG_PLAYBACK_LENGTH is required to be 64 bit (8 Bytes) aligned.
To learn how to play back the audio data, please check the sample code below:

wr8(REG_VOL_PB,0xFF);//configure audio playback volume

wr32(REG_PLAYBACK_START,0);//configure audio buffer starting address
wr32(REG_PLAYBACK_LENGTH,100*1024);//configure audio buffer length
wr16(REG_PLAYBACK_FREQ,44100);//configure audio sampling frequency
wr8(REG_PLAYBACK_FORMAT,ULAW_SAMPLES);//configure audio format
wr8(REG_PLAYBACK_LOOP,0);//configure once or continuous playback
wr8(REG_PLAYBACK_PLAY,1);//start the audio playback
Code snippet 5 Audio playback

AudioPlay_Status = rd8(REG_PLAYBACK_PLAY);//1-audio playback is going on,

0-audio playback has finished
Code snippet 6 Check the status of audio playback

wr32(REG_PLAYBACK_LENGTH,0);//configure the playback length to 0

wr8(REG_PLAYBACK_PLAY,1);//start audio playback
Code snippet 7 Stop the audio playback

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2.5 Graphics Routines

This section describes graphics features and captures a few examples.

2.5.1 Getting Started

This short example creates a screen with the text "FTDI" on it, with a red dot.

Figure 2: Getting Started Example

The code to draw the screen is:

wr32(RAM_DL + 0, CLEAR(1, 1, 1)); // clear screen

wr32(RAM_DL + 4, BEGIN(BITMAPS)); // start drawing bitmaps
wr32(RAM_DL + 8, VERTEX2II(220, 110, 31, 'F')); // ascii F in font 31
wr32(RAM_DL + 12, VERTEX2II(244, 110, 31, 'T')); // ascii T
wr32(RAM_DL + 16, VERTEX2II(270, 110, 31, 'D')); // ascii D
wr32(RAM_DL + 20, VERTEX2II(299, 110, 31, 'I')); // ascii I
wr32(RAM_DL + 24, END());
wr32(RAM_DL + 28, COLOR_RGB(160, 22, 22)); // change colour to red
wr32(RAM_DL + 32, POINT_SIZE(320)); // set point size to 20 pixels in
radius
wr32(RAM_DL + 36, BEGIN(POINTS)); // start drawing points
wr32(RAM_DL + 40, VERTEX2II(192, 133, 0, 0)); // red point
wr32(RAM_DL + 44, END());
wr32(RAM_DL + 48, DISPLAY()); // display the image
Code snippet 8 Getting Started

After the above drawing commands are loaded into display list RAM, register REG_DLSWAP is
required to be set to 0x02 in order to make the new display list active on the next frame refresh.
Note:
 The display list always starts at address RAM_DL
 The address always increments by 4 bytes as each command is 32 bits wide.
 Command CLEAR is recommended to be used before any other drawing operation, in order
to put the FT81X graphics engine in a known state.

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 The end of the display list is always flagged with the command DISPLAY

2.5.2 Coordinate Plane

The valid X and Y coordinate ranges from -16384 to 16383 in units of single pixel precision.
The figure below illustrates the graphics coordinate plane and its visible area:

-16384

(0,0) ( 2047,0) 16383

-16384
X
Visible Area

(0,2047) (2047,2047)

16383 Y

Figure 3: Coordinate plane in units of single pixel precision

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The below figure shows the coordinate plane and visible area in units of 1/8 pixel precision:

-2048

2047
-2048 (0,0) X

Visible Area

Y 2047
(2047,2047)

Figure 4: Coordinate plane in units of 1/8 pixel precision

VERTEX2F and VERTEX_FORMAT are the commands which enable the drawing operation to
reach the coordinate plane.

2.5.3 Screen Rotation

REG_ROTATE controls the screen orientation. Changing the value of the register
immediately causes the orientation of the screen to change. In addition, the coordinate system is
also changed accordingly so that all the display commands and co-processor commands works in
the rotated coordinate system.
NOTE: The touch transformation matrix is not affected by setting REG_ROTATE.
To adjust the touch screen accordingly, users are recommended to use CMD_SETROTATE as
opposed to setting REG_ROTATE.

REG_ROTATE = 0 is the default landscape orientation:

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REG_ROTATE = 1 is inverted landscape:

REG_ROTATE = 2 is portrait:

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REG_ROTATE = 3 is inverted portrait:

REG_ROTATE = 4 is mirrored landscape:

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REG_ROTATE = 5 is mirrored inverted landscape:

REG_ROTATE = 6 is mirrored portrait:

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REG_ROTATE = 7 is mirrored inverted portrait:

2.5.4 Drawing Pattern

The general pattern for drawing is driven by display list commands:
 BEGIN with one of the primitive types
 Input one or more vertices using “VERTEX2II” or “VERTEX2F”, which specify the
placement of the primitive on the screen
 END to mark the end of the primitive.
Examples
Draw points with varying radius from 5 pixels to 13 pixels with different colors:

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dl( COLOR_RGB(128, 0, 0) );
dl( POINT_SIZE(5 * 16) );
dl( BEGIN(POINTS) );
dl( VERTEX2F(30 * 16,17 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(0, 128, 0) );
dl( POINT_SIZE(8 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(90 * 16, 17 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(0, 0, 128) );
dl( POINT_SIZE(10 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(30 * 16, 51 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(128, 128, 0) );
dl( POINT_SIZE(13 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(90 * 16, 51 * 16) );

The VERTEX2F command gives the location of the circle center.

Draw lines with varying sizes from 2 pixels to 6 pixels with different colors (line width size is from
center of the line to the boundary):

dl( COLOR_RGB(128, 0, 0) );
dl( LINE_WIDTH(2 * 16) );
dl( BEGIN(LINES) );
dl( VERTEX2F(30 * 16,38 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(30 * 16,63 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(0, 128, 0) );
dl( LINE_WIDTH(4 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(60 * 16,25 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(60 * 16,63 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(128, 128, 0) );
dl( LINE_WIDTH(6 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(90 * 16, 13 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(90 * 16, 63 * 16) );
The VERTEX2F commands are in pairs to define the start and finish point of the line.

Draw rectangles with sizes of 5x25, 10x38 and 15x50 dimensions (line width size is used for
corner curvature, LINE_WIDTH pixels are added in both directions in addition to the rectangle
dimension):
dl( COLOR_RGB(128, 0, 0) );
dl( LINE_WIDTH(1 * 16) );

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dl( BEGIN(RECTS) );
dl( VERTEX2F(28 * 16,38 * 16) );

dl( VERTEX2F(33 * 16,63 * 16) );

dl( COLOR_RGB(0, 128, 0) );
dl( LINE_WIDTH(5 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(50 * 16,25 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(60 * 16,63 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(128, 128, 0) );
dl( LINE_WIDTH(10 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(83 * 16, 13 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(98 * 16, 63 * 16) );
The VERTEX2F commands are in pairs to define the top left and bottom right corners of the
rectangle.

Draw line strips for sets of coordinates:

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(5, 45, 110) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 168, 64) );
dl( CLEAR(1 ,1 ,1) );
dl( BEGIN(LINE_STRIP) );
dl( VERTEX2F(5 * 16,5 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(50 * 16,30 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(63 * 16,50 * 16) );

Draw Edge strips for above:

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(5, 45, 110) );

dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 168, 64) );
dl( CLEAR(1 ,1 ,1) );
dl( BEGIN(EDGE_STRIP_A) );
dl( VERTEX2F(5 * 16,5 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(50 * 16,30 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(63 * 16,50 * 16) );

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Draw Edge strips for below:

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(5, 45, 110) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 168, 64) );
dl( CLEAR(1 ,1 ,1) );
dl( BEGIN(EDGE_STRIP_B) );
dl( VERTEX2F(5 * 16,5 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(50 * 16,30 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(63 * 16,50 * 16) );

Draw Edge strips for right:

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(5, 45, 110) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 168, 64) );
dl( CLEAR(1 ,1 ,1) );
dl( BEGIN(EDGE_STRIP_R) );
dl( VERTEX2F(5 * 16,5 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(50 * 16,30 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(63 * 16,50 * 16) );
Draw Edge strips for left:

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(5, 45, 110) );

dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 168, 64) );
dl( CLEAR(1 ,1 ,1) );
dl( BEGIN(EDGE_STRIP_L) );
dl( VERTEX2F(5 * 16,5 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(50 * 16,30 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(63 * 16,50 * 16) );

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2.5.5 Bitmap Transformation Matrix

To achieve the bitmap transformation, the bitmap transform matrix below is specified in the FT81X
and denoted as m

𝐵𝐼𝑇𝑀𝐴𝑃_𝑇𝑅𝐴𝑁𝑆𝐹𝑂𝑅𝑀_𝐴 𝐵𝐼𝑇𝑀𝐴𝑃_𝑇𝑅𝐴𝑁𝑆𝐹𝑂𝑅𝑀_𝐵 𝐵𝐼𝑇𝑀𝐴𝑃_𝑇𝑅𝐴𝑁𝑆𝐹𝑂𝑅𝑀_𝐶

m=[ ]
𝐵𝐼𝑇𝑀𝐴𝑃_𝑇𝑅𝐴𝑁𝑆𝐹𝑂𝑅𝑀_𝐷 𝐵𝐼𝑇𝑀𝐴𝑃_𝑇𝑅𝐴𝑁𝑆𝐹𝑂𝑅𝑀_𝐸 𝐵𝐼𝑇𝑀𝐴𝑃_𝑇𝑅𝐴𝑁𝑆𝐹𝑂𝑅𝑀_𝐹

1.0 0.0 0.0

by default m = [ ], it is named as the identity matrix.
0.0 1.0 0.0

The coordinates 𝑥 ′ , 𝑦 ′ after transforming is calculated in the following equation:

𝑥′ 𝑥
[𝑦 ′ ] = m × [ 𝑦 ]
1 1
i.e.:
𝑥′ = 𝑥 ∗ 𝐴 + 𝑦 ∗ 𝐵 + 𝐶
𝑦′ = 𝑥 ∗ 𝐷 + 𝑦 ∗ 𝐸 + 𝐹

where A,B,C,E,D,E,F stands for the values assigned by commands BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F.

2.5.6 Color and Transparency

The same bitmap can be drawn in more places on the screen, in different colors and transparency:

dl(COLOR_RGB(255, 64, 64)); // red at (200, 120)

dl(VERTEX2II(200, 120, 0, 0));
dl(COLOR_RGB(64, 180, 64)); // green at (216, 136)
dl(VERTEX2II(216, 136, 0, 0));
dl(COLOR_RGB(255, 255, 64)); // transparent yellow at (232, 152)
dl(COLOR_A(150));
dl(VERTEX2II(232, 152, 0, 0));
Code snippet 9 color and transparency

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The COLOR_RGB command changes the current drawing color, which colors the bitmap. The
COLOR_A command changes the current drawing alpha, changing the transparency of the
drawing: an alpha of 0 means fully transparent and an alpha of 255 is fully opaque. Here a value
of 150 gives a partially transparent effect.

2.5.7 Performance
The graphics engine has no frame buffer: it uses dynamic compositing to build up each display line
during scan out. Because of this, there is a finite amount of time available to draw each line. This
time depends on the scan out parameters (decided by REG_PCLK and REG_HCYCLE) but is never
less than 2048 internal clock cycles. FT81X’s internal clock runs at 60MHz.
Some performance limits:
 The display list length must be less than 2048 instructions, because the graphics
engine fetches display list commands one per clock.
 The usual performance of rending pixels is 16 pixels per clock
 For some bitmap formats, the drawing rate is 8 pixels per clock. These are TEXT8X8,
TEXTVGA and PALETTED4444/565.
 For bilinear filtered pixels, the drawing rate is reduced to ¼ pixels per clock.
To summarize:

Table 1 Bitmap rendering performance

Filter Mode Format Rate

Nearest TEXT8X8, TEXTVGA and 8 pixel per clock
PALETTED4444/565
Nearest all other formats 16 pixel per clock
BILINEAR TEXT8X8, TEXTVGA and 2 pixel per clock
PALETTED4444/565
BILINEAR all other formats 4 pixel per clock

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3 Register Description
In this chapter, all the registers in the FT81X are classified into 6 groups:
 Graphics Engine Registers,
 Audio Engine Registers,
 Touch Engine Registers,
 Co-processor Engine Registers,
 Special Registers
 Miscellaneous Registers.
The detailed definition for each register is listed in this chapter.
All the reserved bits shall be always zero. All the values prefixed with 0x are hexadecimal.
All the offset of registers are based on the address RAM_REG (0x302000).

3.1 Graphics Engine Registers

Register Definition 1 REG_PCLK Definition

REG_PCLK Definition

Reserved R/W

31 8 7 0

Offset: 0x70 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are set to divide the main clock for PCLK. If
the typical main clock was 60MHz and the value of these bits are 5,
the PCLK will be 12 MHz. If the value of these bits are zero, there
will be no PCLK output.
Bit 31 - 8: Reserved

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Register Definition 2 REG_PCLK_POL Definition

REG_PCLK_POL Definition

Reserved R/W

31 0

Address: 0x6C Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 0 : This bit controls the polarity of PCLK. If it is set to zero,

PCLK polarity is on the rising edge. If it is set to one, PCLK polarity is
on the falling edge.
Bit 31 - 1: Reserved

Register Definition 3 REG_CSPREAD Definition

REG_CSPREAD Definition

Reserved R/W

31 1 0

Offset: 0x68 Reset Value: 0x1

Bit 0 : This bit controls the transition of RGB signals with PCLK
active clock edge, which helps reduce the system noise . When it
is zero, all the color signals are updated at the same time. When
it is one, all the color signals timing are adjusted slightly so that
fewer signal changes simultaneously.
Bit 31 - 1: Reserved.

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Register Definition 4 REG_SWIZZLE Definition

REG_SWIZZLE Definition

Reserved R/W

31 4 3 0

Offset: 0x64 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 3 - 0 : These bits are set to control the arrangement of output RGB pins,
which may help support different LCD panel. Please check data sheet for the
definition of values in this field.
Bit 31 - 4: Reserved

Register Definition 5 REG_DITHER Definition

REG_DITHER Definition

Reserved R/W

31 1 0

Offset: 0x60 Reset Value: 0x1

Bit 0 : Set to 1 to enable dithering feature on RGB signals output. Set to

0 to disable dithering feature. Reading 1 from this bit means dithering
feature is enabled. Reading 0 from this bit means dithering feature is
disabled.
Bit 31 - 1: Reserved
Note: The value is 0x01 after reset. Please refer to data sheet for
details

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Register Definition 6 REG_OUTBITS Definition

REG_OUTBITS Definition

Reserved R/W

31 98 0
Reset Value: 0x1B6(FT810/1)
Offset: 0x5C 0x0 (FT812/3)

Bit 8 - 0: These 9 bits are split into 3 groups for Red, Green and Blue color output
signals:
Bi t 2 - 0: Bl ue col or s i gna l l i ne s numbe r. Re s e t va l ue i s 6.
Bi t 5 - 3: Gre e n Col or s i gna l l i ne s numbe r. Re s e t va l ue i s 6.
Bi t 8 - 6: Re d Col or s i gna l l i ne s numbe r. Re s e t va l ue i s 6.
Host can write these bits to control the numbers of output signals for each color.
Bit 31 - 9: Reserved
Note: Value 000 stands for 8 signal lines.

Register Definition 7 REG_ROTATE Definition

REG_ROTATE Definition

Reserved R/W

31 3 2 0

Offset: 0x58 Reset Value: 0x00

Bit 2~0: screen rotation control bits.

000: Default landscape orientation
001: Inverted landscape orientation
010: Portrait orientation
011: Inverted portrait orientation
100: Mirrored landscape orientation
101: Mirrored invert landscape orientation
110: Mirrored portrait orientation
111: Mirrored inverted portrait orientation
Bit 31 ~ 3: Reserved.

Note: Setting this register will NOT affect touch transform matrix.

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Register Definition 8 REG_VSYNC1 Definition

REG_VSYNC1 Definition

R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x50 Reset Value: 0x00A

Bit 11 - 0: The value of these bits specifies how many lines for signal VSYNC takes at the
start of new frame.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

Register Definition 9 REG_VSYNC0 Definition

REG_VSYNC0 Definition

R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x4C Reset Value: 0x000

Bit 11 - 0: The value of these bits specifies how many lines for the high state of signal
VSYNC takes at the start of new frame.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

Register Definition 10 REG_VSIZE Definition

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REG_VSIZE Definition
Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x48 Reset Value: 0x110

Bit 11 - 0: The value of these bits specifies how many lines of pixels in one frame.
The valid range is from 0 to 2048
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

Register Definition 11 REG_VOFFSET Definition

REG_VOFFSET Definition
Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x44 Reset Value: 0x00C

Bit 11 - 0: The value of these bits specifies how many lines taken after the start of new
frame.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

Register Definition 12 REG_VCYCLE Definition

REG_VCYCLE Definition
Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x40 Reset Value: 0x124

Bit 11 - 0: The value of these bits specifies how many lines in one frame.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

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Register Definition 13 REG_HSYNC1 Definition

REG_HSYNC1 Definition

Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x3C Reset Value: 0x029

Bit 11 - 0: The value of these bits specifies how many PCLK cycles for HSYNC during start
of line.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

Register Definition 14 REG_HSYNC0 Definition

REG_HSYNC0 Definition
Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x38 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 11 - 0: The value of these bits specifies how many PCLK cycles of HSYNC high state
during start of line.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved
Note: NONE

Register Definition 15 REG_HSIZE Definition

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REG_HSIZE Definition

Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x34 Reset Value: 0x1E0

Bit 11 - 0: These bits are used to specify the numbers of PCLK cycles per horizonal line.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

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Register Definition 16 REG_HOFFSET Definition

REG_HOFFSET Definition
Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x30 Reset Value: 0x2B

Bit 11 - 0: These bits are used to specify the numbers of PCLK cycles before pixels are
scanned out.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

Register Definition 17 REG_HCYCLE

REG_HCYCLE Definition
Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x2C Reset Value: 0x224

Bit 11 - 0: These bits are the number of total PCLK cycles per horizontal line scan. The
default value is 548 and supposed to support 480x272 screen resolution display. Please
check the display panel specification for more details.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

Note: NONE

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Register Definition 18 REG_DLSWAP Definition

REG_DLSWAP Definition

Reserved R/W

31 2 1 0

Offset: 0x54 Reset Value: 0x00

Bit 1 - 0: These bits can be set by the host to validate the display list buffer
. The graphics engine will determine when to render the screen , depending
on what values of these bits are set:
01: Graphics engine will render the screen immediately after current line is scanned
out. It may cause tearing effect.
10: Graphics engine will render the screen immediately after current frame is
scanned out. This is recommended in most of cases.
00: Do not write this value into this register.
11: Do not write this value into this register.
These bits can be also be read by the host to check the availability of the
display list buffer. If the value is read as zero, the display list buffer is safe
and ready to write. Otherwise, the host needs to wait till it becomes zero.
Bit 31 - 2: Reserved

Register Definition 19 REG_TAG Definition

REG_TAG Definition
Reserved R/O

31 87 0

Offset: 0x7C Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are updated with tag value by FT81X graphics engine. The tag
value here is corresponding to the touching point coordinator given in REG_TAG_X and
REG_TAG_Y. Host can read this register to check which graphics object is touched.
Bit 31 - 8: Reserved
Note: Please note the difference between REG_TAG and REG_TOUCH_TAG.
REG_TAG is updated based on the X,Y given by REG_TAG_X and REG_TAG_Y. However,
REG_TOUCH_TAG is updated based on the current touching point given by FT81X touch
engine.

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Register Definition 20 REG_TAG_Y Definition

REG_TAG_Y Definition

Reserved R/W

31 11 10 0

Offset: 0x78 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 10 - 0 : These bits are set by the host as Y coordinate of touching point,
which will enable the host to query the tag value. This register shall be used
together with REG_TAG_X and REG_TAG. Normally, in the case the host has
already captured the touching point's coordinate, this register can be
updated to query the tag value of respective touching point.
Bit 31 - 11: Reserved

Register Definition 21 REG_TAG_X Definition

REG_TAG_X Definition

Reserved R/W

31 11 10 0

Offset: 0x74 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 10 - 0 : These bits are set by the host as X coordinate of touching point,
which will enable host to query the tag value. This register shall be used
together with REG_TAG_Y and REG_TAG. Normally, in the case the host has
already captured the touching point's coordinate, this register can be updated
to query the tag value of the respective touching point.
Bit 31 - 11: Reserved

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3.2 Audio Engine Registers

Register Definition 22 REG_PLAY Definition

REG_PLAY Definition
Reserved R/W

31 1 0

Offset: 0x8C Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 0 : A write to this bit triggers the play of the synthesized sound effect
specified in REG_SOUND.
Reading value 1 in this bit means the sound effect is playing. To stop the sound
effect, the host needs to select the silence sound effect by setting up
REG_SOUND and set this register to play.
Bit 31 - 1: Reserved

Register Definition 23 REG_SOUND Definition

REG_SOUND Definition

Reserved R/W

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x88 Reset Value: 0x0000

Bit 0 - 15 : These bits are used to select the synthesized sound effect. They
are split into two group Bit 7 - 0, Bit 15 - 8.
Bi t 7 - 0 : The s e bi ts de fi ne the s ound e ffe ct. Some of the m a re pi tch a djus ta bl e
a nd the pi tch i s de fi ne d i n Bi ts 8 - 15. Some of the m a re not pi tch a djus ta bl e a nd the Bi ts
8 - 15 wi l l be i gnore d.
Bi t 15 - 8: The MIDI note for the s ound e ffe ct de fi ne d i n Bi ts 0 - 7.

Note: Please refer to the datasheet sector "Sound Synthesizer" for the details
of this register.

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Register Definition 24 REG_VOL_SOUND Definition

REG_VOL_SOUND Definition

Reserved R/W

31 87 0

Offset: 0x84 Reset Value: 0xFF

Bit 7 - 0: These bits control the volume of the synthesizer sound. The default
value 0xFF is highest volume. The value zero means mute.
Bit 31 - 8: Reserved

Register Definition 25 REG_VOL_PB Definition

REG_VOL_PB Definition

Reserved R/W

31 87 0

Offset: 0x80 Reset Value: 0xFF

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits control the volume of the audio file playback. The default
value 0xFF is highest volume. The value zero means mute.
Bit 31 - 8 : Reserved

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Register Definition 26 REG_PLAYBACK_PLAY Definition

REG_PLAYBCK_PLAY Definition
Reserved R/W

31 1 0
Offset: 0xCC Reset Value: 0x0
Bit 0 : A write to this bit triggers the start of audio playback, regardless of
writing ‘0’ or ‘1’. It will read back ‘1’ when playback is ongoing, and ‘0’ when
playback completes.
Bit 31 - 1: Reserved
Note: Please refer to the datasheet section "Audio Playback" for the details of
this register.

Register Definition 27 REG_PLAYBACK_LOOP Definition

REG_PLAYBACK_LOOP Definition

Reserved R/W

31 1 0

Offset: 0xC8 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 0 : this bit controls the audio engine to play back the audio data in RAM_G from
the start address once it consumes all the data. A value of 1 means LOOP is enabled,
a value of 0 means LOOP is disabled.
Bit 31 - 1: Reserved
Note: Please refer to the datasheet section "Audio Playback" for the details of this
register.

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Register Definition 28 REG_PLAYBACK_FORMAT Definition

REG_PLAYBACK_FORMAT Definition
Reserved R/W

31 2 1 0

Offset: 0xC4 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 1 - 0 : These bits define the format of the audio data in RAM_G. FT81X
supports:
00: Li nea r Sa mpl e forma t
01: uLa w Sa mpl e forma t
10: 4 bi t IMA ADPCM Sa mpl e forma t
11: Undefi ned.
Bit 31 - 2: Reserved
Note: Please read the datasheet section "Audio Playback" for more details.

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Register Definition 29 REG_PLAYBACK_FREQ Definition

REG_PLAYBACK_FREQ Definition
Reserved R/O

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0xC0 Reset Value: 0x1F40 (8000)

Bit 15 - 0 : These bits specify the sampling fequency of audio playback data. Units is in Hz.
Bit 31 - 16: Reserved

Note: Please read the datasheet for more details.

Register Definition 30 REG_PLAYBACK_READPTR Definition

REG_PLAYBACK_READPTR Definition

Reserved R/O

31 20 19 0

Offset: 0xBC Reset Value: 0x00000

Bit 19 - 0 : These bits are updated by audio engine while playing audio data from
RAM_G. It is the current audio data address which is playing back. The host can
read this register to check if the audio engine has consumed all the audio data.
Bit 31 - 20 : Reserved
Note: Please read the datasheet section "Audio Playback" for more details.

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Register Definition 31 REG_PLAYBACK_LENGTH Definition

REG_PLAYBACK_LENGTH Definition

Reserved R/W

31 20 19 0

Offset: 0xB8 Reset Value: 0x00000

Bit 19 - 0: These bits specify the length of audio data in RAM_G to playback, starting
from the address specified in REG_PLAYBACK_START register.
Bit 31 - 20: Reserved
Note: Please read the datasheet section "Audio Playback" for more details.

Register Definition 32 REG_PLAYBACK_START Definition

REG_PLAYBACK_START Definition

Reserved R/W

31 20 19 0

Offset: 0xB4 Reset Value: 0x00000

Bit 19 - 0 : These bits specify the start address of audio data in RAM_G to playback.
Bit 31 - 20: Reserved

Note: Please read the datasheet section "Audio Playback" for more details.

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3.3 Touch Screen Engine Registers

3.3.1 Overview
FT81X series chips support both resistive touch (FT810 and FT812) and capacitive touch (FT811
and FT813) functionality by two newly-integrated touch screen engines, i.e. Resistive Touch
Engine(RTE) and Capacitive Touch Engine(CTE). Readers need to refer to the corresponding
chapters below for their chip touch control.

3.3.2 Common Registers

This chapter describes the common registers which are effective to both RTE and CTE.
Table 2 common registers summary

Address Register Name Description

0x302150 - 0x302164 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_A~F Transform coefficient matrix

0x302168 REG_TOUCH_CONFIG Configuration register

Register Definition 33 REG_TOUCH_CONFIG Definition

REG_TOUCH_CONFIG Definition

Reserved R/W

31 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 4 3 2 1 0
Offset: 0x168 Reset Value: 0x8381 (RTE) or
0x0381 (CTE)
Bit 15 : Working mode of touch engine.
0: capacitive 1: resistive
Bit 14 - 13: Reserved
Bit 12: ignore short-circuit
Bit 11: enable low-power mode
Bit 10 - 4: I2C address of touch screen module.
Bit 3: This bit determines the vendor of capacitive touch screen.
0: FocalTech 1: Azoteq
Bit 2: Suppress 300ms startup
Bit 1 - 0: sampler clocks

Bit 31 - 16: Reserved

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Register Definition 34 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_F Definition

REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_F Definition

R/W

31 30 16 15 0

Offset: 0x164 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits represents the fractional part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 30 - 16 : The value of these bits represents the integer part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 31 : The sign bit for fixed point number

Note: This register represents fixed point number and the default
value is +0.0 after reset.

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Register Definition 35 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_E Definition

REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_E Definition

R/W

31 30 16 15 0

Offset: 0x160 Reset Value: 0x10000

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits represents the fractional part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 30 - 16 : The value of these bits represents the integer part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 31 : The sign bit for fixed point number

Note: This register represents fixed point number and the default
value is +1.0 after reset.

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Register Definition 36 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_D Definition

REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_D Definition

R/W

31 30 16 15 0

Offset: 0x15C Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits represents the fractional part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 30 - 16 : The value of these bits represents the integer part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 31 : The sign bit for fixed point number

Note: This register represents fixed point number and the default
value is +0.0 after reset.

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Register Definition 37 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_C Definition

REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_C Definition

R/W

31 30 16 15 0

Offset: 0x158 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits represents the fractional part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 30 - 16 : The value of these bits represents the integer part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 31 : The sign bit for fixed point number

Note: This register represents fixed point number and the default
value is +0.0 after reset.

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Register Definition 38 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_B Definition

REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_B Definition

R/W

31 30 16 15 0

Offset: 0x154 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits represents the fractional part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 30 - 16 : The value of these bits represents the integer part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 31 : The sign bit for fixed point number

Note: This register represents fixed point number and the default
value is +0.0 after reset.

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Register Definition 39 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_A Definition

REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_A Definition

R/W

31 30 16 15 0

Offset: 0x150 Reset Value: 0x10000

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits represents the fractional part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 30 - 16 : The value of these bits represents the integer part of the
fixed point number.

Bit 31 : The sign bit for fixed point number

Note: This register represents fixed point number and the default
value is +1.0 after reset.

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3.3.3 Resistive Touch Engine(FT810/2)

All the registers available in RTE are almost identical to FT800, except its address.
Table 3 RTE registers summary

Address Register Name Description

0x302104 REG_TOUCH_MODE Touch screen sampling Mode

0x302108 REG_TOUCH_ADC_MODE Select ADC working mode

Touch screen charge time,

0x30210C REG_TOUCH_CHARGE unit of 6 clocks

Touch screen settle time,

0x302110 REG_TOUCH_SETTLE unit of 6 clocks

Touch screen oversample

0x302114 REG_TOUCH_OVERSAMPLE factor

Touch screen resistance

0x302118 REG_TOUCH_RZTHRESH threshold

0x30211C REG_TOUCH_RAW_XY Touch screen raw x,y(16,16)

0x302120 REG_TOUCH_RZ Touch screen resistance

0x302124 REG_TOUCH_SCREEN_XY Touch screen x,y(16,16)

Touch screen x,y(16,16)

0x302128 REG_TOUCH_TAG_XY used for tag lookup

0x30212C REG_TOUCH_TAG Touch screen Tag result

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Register Definition 40 REG_TOUCH_TAG Definition

REG_TOUCH_TAG Definition

RESERVED RO

31 87 0

Offset: 0x12C Reset Value: 0

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are set as the tag value of the specific graphics object on
the screen which is being touched. These bits are updated once when all
the lines of the current frame are scanned out to the screen.
Bit 31 - 8: These bits are reserved.

Note: The valid tag value range is from 1 to 255 ,therefore the default value
of this register is zero, meaning there is no touch by default.

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Register Definition 41 REG_TOUCH_TAG_XY Definition

REG_TOUCH_TAG_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x128 Reset Value: 0

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the touch screen,
which were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the touch screen, which
were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.

Note: Host can read this register to check the coordinates used by the touch
engine to update the tag register REG_TOUCH_TAG.

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Register Definition 42 REG_TOUCH_SCREEN_XY Definition

REG_TOUCH_SCREEN_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x124 Reset Value: 0x80008000

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the touch screen.
After doing calibration, it shall be within the height of the screen size. If the
touch screen is not being touched, it shall be 0x8000.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are the X coordinates of the touch screen.
After doing calibration, it shall be within the width of the screen size. If the
touch screen is not being touched, it shall be 0x8000.

Note: This register is the final computation output of the touch engine.

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Register Definition 43 REG_TOUCH_DIRECT_Z1Z2 Definition

REG_TOUCH_DIRECT_Z1Z2 Definition
Reserved RO Reserved RO

31 26 25 16 15 10 9 0

Offset: 0x190 Reset Value: NA

Bit 9 - 0 : The 10 bit ADC value for touch screen resistance Z2.
Bit 15 - 10: Reserved
Bit 25 - 16: The 10 bit ADC value for touch screen resistance Z1.
Bit 31 - 26: Reserved
Note: To know it is touched or not, please check the 31st bit of
REG_TOUCH_DIRECT_XY. Touch engine will do the post-processing for
these Z1 and Z2 values and update the result in REG_TOUCH_RZ.

Register Definition 44 REG_TOUCH_DIRECT_XY

REG_TOUCH_DIRECT_XY Definition

RO Reserved RO Reserved RO

31 30 26 25 16 15 10 9 0

Offset: 0x18C Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 9 - 0 : The 10 bit ADC value for Y coordinate

Bit 15 - 10: Reserved
Bit 16 - 25: The 10 bit ADC value for X coordinate.
Bit 30 - 26: Reserved
Bit 31 : If this bit is zero, it means a touch is being sensed and the
two fields above contain the sensed data. If this bit is one, it
means no touch is being sensed and the data in the two fields
above shall be ignored.

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Register Definition 45 REG_TOUCH_RZ Definition

REG_TOUCH_RZ Definition

Reserved RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x120 Reset Value: 0x7FFF

Bit 15 - 0 : These bits are the resistance of touching on the touch screen . The
valid value is from 0 to 0x7FFF. The highest value(0x7FFF) means no touch and
the lowest value (0) menas the maximum pressure.
Bit 31 - 16: Reserved

Register Definition 46 REG_TOUCH_RAW_XY Definition

REG_TOUCH_RAW_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x11C Reset Value: 0xFFFFFFFF

Bit 15 - 0 : These bits are the raw Y coordinates of the touch screen before
going through a transformation matrix. The valid range is from 0 to 1023. If
there is no touch on screen, the value shall be 0xFFFF.
Bit 31 - 16: These bits are the raw X coordinates going through a transformation
matrix. The valid range is from 0 to 1023. If there is no touch on screen, the
value shall be 0xFFFF.
Note: The coordinates in this register have not mapped into the screen
coordinates. To get the screen coordinates, please refer to
REG_TOUCH_SCREEN_XY .

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Register Definition 47 REG_TOUCH_RZTHRESH Definition

REG_TOUCH_RZTHRESH Definition

Reserved R/W

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x118 Reset Value: 0xFFFF

Bit 15 - 0 : These bits control the touch screen resistance threshold. The host
can adjust the touch screen touching sensitivity by setting this register. The
default value after reset is 0xFFFF and it means the lightest touch will be
accepted by the RTE. The host can set this register by doing experiments. The
typical value is 1200.
Bit 31 - 16: Reserved

Register Definition 48 REG_TOUCH_OVERSAMPLE Definition

REG_TOUCH_OVERSAMPLE Definition

Reserved R/W

31 43 0

Offset: 0x114 Reset Value: 0x7

Bit 3 -0 : These bits control the touch screen oversample factor. The higher
value of this register causes more accuracy with more power consumption, but
may not be necessary. The valid range is from 1 to 15.
Bit 31 - 4: Reserved

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Register Definition 49 REG_TOUCH_SETTLE Definition

REG_TOUCH_SETTLE Definition

Reserved R/W

31 43 0

Offset: 0x110 Reset Value: 0x3

Bit 3 - 0 : These bits control the touch screen settle time , in the unit of 6
clocks. The default value is 3, meaning the settle time is 18 (3*6) system clock
cycles.
Bit 31 - 4: Reserved

Register Definition 50 REG_TOUCH_CHARGE Definition

REG_TOUCH_CHARGE Definition

Reserved R/W

31 16 15 0
Offset: 0x10C Reset Value: 0x1770
Bit 15 - 0 : These bits control the touch-screen charge time, in the unit of 6
system clocks. The default value after reset is 6000, i.e. the charge time will be
6000*6 clock cycles.
Bit 31 - 16: Reserved

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Register Definition 51 REG_TOUCH_ADC_MODE Definition

REG_TOUCH_ADC_MODE Definition

Reserved R/W

31 1 0

Offset: 0x108 Reset Value: 0x1

Bit 0 : The host can set this bit to control the ADC sampling mode of the FT800,
as per:
0: Si ngl e Ended mode. It ca us es l ower power cons umpti on but wi th l es s a ccura cy.
1: Di fferenti a l Mode. It ca us es hi gher power cons umpti on but wi th more a ccura cy.
The defa ul t mode a fter res et .
Bit 31 - 1: Reserved

Register Definition 52 REG_TOUCH_MODE Definition

REG_TOUCH_MODE Definition

Reserved R/W

31 21 0

Offset: 0x104 Reset Value: 0x3

Bit 1 - 0 : The host can set these two bits to control the touch screen
sampling mode of the FT800 touch engine, as per:
00: Off mode. No s a mpl i ng ha ppens .
01: Si ngl e mode. Ca us e one s i ngl e s a mpl e to occur.
10: Fra me mode. Ca us e a s a mpl e a t the s ta rt of ea ch fra me.
11: Conti nuous mode. Up to 1000 ti mes per s econds . Defa ul t mode a fter res et.
Bit 31 - 2: Reserved

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3.3.4 Capacitive Touch Engine(FT811/3)

Capacitive Touch Engine(CTE) is built in with the following features:
 I2C interface to Capacitive Touch Panel Module(CTPM)
 Detects up to 5 touch points at the same time
 Supports CTPM with Focaltech FT5x06 series or Azotech IQS5xx series drive chips
 Compatibility(single touch) mode and Extended mode(multi-touch)
After reset or boot up, CTE works in compatibility mode and only one touch point is detected. In
extended mode, it can detect up to 5 touch points simultaneously.

CTE makes use of the same registers set REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_A~F to transform the raw
coordinates to a calibrated screen coordinate, regardless of whether it is in compatibility mode or
extended mode.

Note: The calibration process of the touch screen should only be performed in compatibility mode.

Table 4 CTE registers summary

Address Register Name Description

0x302104 REG_CTOUCH_MODE Touch screen sampling Mode

0x302108 REG_CTOUCH_EXTENDED Select ADC working mode

Coordinate of second touch

0x30211C REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH1_XY point

Y coordinate of fifth touch

0x302120 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH4_Y point

Coordinate of first touch

0x302124 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH_XY point

coordinate used to calculate

0x302128 REG_CTOUCH_TAG_XY the tag of first touch point

Touch screen Tag result of

0x30212C REG_CTOUCH_TAG fist touch point

XY used to tag of second

0x302130 REG_CTOUCH_TAG1_XY touch point

Tag result of second touch

0x302134 REG_CTOUCH_TAG1 point

XY used to tag of third

0x302138 REG_CTOUCH_TAG2_XY touch point

Tag result of third touch

0x30213C REG_CTOUCH_TAG2 point

0x302140 REG_CTOUCH_TAG3_XY XY used to tag of fourth

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Address Register Name Description

touch point

Tag result of fourth touch

0x302144 REG_CTOUCH_TAG3 point

XY used to tag of fifth touch

0x302148 REG_CTOUCH_TAG4_XY point

Tag result of fifth touch

0x30214C REG_CTOUCH_TAG4 point

X coordinate of fifth touch

0x30216C REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH4_X point

0x30218C REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH2_XY Third touch point coordinate

Fourth touch point

0x302190 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH3_XY coordinate

The following tables define the registers that CTE provide:

Register Definition 53 REG_CTOUCH_MODE Definition

Reserved R/W

31 21 0

Offset: 0x104 Reset Value: 0x3

Bit 1 - 0 : The host can set these two bits to control the touch screen
sampling mode of the touch engine, as per:
00: Off mode . No s a mpl i ng ha ppe ns .
01: Not de fi ne d.
10: Not de fi ne d.
11: On Mode .
Bit 31 - 2: Reserved

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Register Definition 54 REG_CTOUCH_EXTENDED Definition

REG_CTOUCH_EXTEND Definition

Reserved R/W

31 1 0

Offset: 0x108 Reset Value: 0x1

Bit 0 : This bit controls the detection mode of the touch engine, as per:
0: Exte nde d mode , mul ti -touch de te cti on mode , up to 5 touch poi nts
1: Compa bi l i ty mode , s i ngl e touch de te cti on mode
Bit 31 - 1: Reserved

Register Definition 55 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x124 Reset Value: 0x80008000

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the first touch point.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the first touch point.

Note: This register is applicable for extended mode and compability

mode. For compability mode,it reflects the position of the only touch point.

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Register Definition 56 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH1_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH1_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x11C Reset Value: 0x80008000

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the second touch
point.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the second touch point.
Note: This register is only applicable in the extended mode

Register Definition 57 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH2_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH2_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Address: 0x18C Reset Value: 0x80008000

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the third touch
point.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the third touch point.

Note: This register is only applicable in the extended mode

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Register Definition 58 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH3_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH3_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x190 Reset Value: 0x80008000

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the fourth touch
point.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the fourth touch point.
Note: This register is only applicable in the extended mode

Register Definition 59 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH4_X Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH4_X Definition
RO

15 0

Offset: 0x16C Reset Value: 0x8000

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the X coordinates of the fifth touch
point.
Note: This register is only applicable in the extended mode. This is a 16 bit
register

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Register Definition 60 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH4_Y Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH4_Y Definition
RO

15 0

Offset: 0x120 Reset Value: 0x8000

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the fifth touch
point.

Note: This register is only applicable in the extended mode. This is a 16 bit
register

Register Definition 61 REG_CTOUCH_RAW_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_RAW_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Address: 0x11C Reset Value: 0xFFFFFFFF

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of a touch point before
going through the transform matrix
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are the X coordinates of a touch point
before going through the transform matrix
Note: This register is only available in compatibility mode

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Register Definition 62 REG_CTOUCH_TAG Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG Definition

RESERVED RO

31 87 0
Offset: 0x12C Reset Value: 0

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are set as the tag value of the specific graphics object on
the screen which is being touched. These bits are updated once when all
the lines of the current frame are scanned out to the screen.It works in both
extended mode and compatibility mode. In extended mode, it is the tag of
the first touch point , i.e., the tag value mapping to the coordinate in
REG_CTOUCH_TAG_XY
Bit 31 - 8:Reserved.
Note: The valid tag value range is from 1 to 255 ,therefore the default value
of this register is zero, meaning there is no touch by default. In extended
mode, it refers to the first touch point

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Register Definition 63 REG_CTOUCH_TAG1 Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG1 Definition

RESERVED RO

31 87 0

Offset: 0x134 Reset Value: 0

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are set as the tag value of the specific graphics object on
the screen which is being touched. It is the second touch point in extended
mode. These bits are updated once when all the lines of the current frame
are scanned out to the screen.
Bit 31 - 8: Reserved.

Note: The valid tag value range is from 1 to 255 ,therefore the default value
of this register is zero, meaning there is no touch by default.

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Register Definition 64 REG_CTOUCH_TAG2 Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG2 Definition

RESERVED RO

31 87 0

Offset: 0x13C Reset Value: 0

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are set as the tag value of the specific graphics object on
the screen which is being touched. It is the third touch point in extended
mode. These bits are updated once when all the lines of the current frame
are scanned out to the screen.
Bit 31 - 8: These bits are reserved.

Note: The valid tag value range is from 1 to 255 ,therefore the default value
of this register is zero, meaning there is no touch by default.

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Register Definition 65 REG_CTOUCH_TAG3 Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG3 Definition

RESERVED RO

31 87 0

Offset: 0x144 Reset Value: 0

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are set as the tag value of the specific graphics object on
the screen which is being touched. It is the fourth touch point in extended
mode. These bits are updated once when all the lines of the current frame
are scanned out to the screen.
Bit 31 - 8: Reserved.

Note: The valid tag value range is from 1 to 255 ,therefore the default value
of this register is zero, meaning there is no touch by default.

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Register Definition 66 REG_CTOUCH_TAG4 Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG4 Definition

RESERVED RO

31 87 0

Offset: 0x14C Reset Value: 0

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are set as the tag value of the specific graphics object on
the screen which is being touched. It is the fifth touch point in extended
mode. These bits are updated once when all the lines of the current frame
are scanned out to the screen.
Bit 31 - 8:Reserved.
Note: The valid tag value range is from 1 to 255 ,therefore the default value
of this register is zero, meaning there is no touch by default.

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Register Definition 67 REG_CTOUCH_TAG_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x128 Reset Value: 0

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the touch screen,
which were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the touch screen, which
were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.

Note: The Host can read this register to check the coordinates used by the
touch engine to update the tag register REG_CTOUCH_TAG.

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Register Definition 68 REG_CTOUCH_TAG1_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG1_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x130 Reset Value: 0

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the touch screen,
which were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the touch screen, which
were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.

Note: The Host can read this register to check the coordinates used by the
touch engine to update the tag register REG_CTOUCH_TAG1.

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Register Definition 69 REG_CTOUCH_TAG2_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG2_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x138 Reset Value: 0

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the touch screen,
which were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the touch screen, which
were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.

Note: The Host can read this register to check the coordinates used by the
touch engine to update the tag register REG_CTOUCH_TAG2.

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Register Definition 70 REG_CTOUCH_TAG3_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG3_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x140 Reset Value: 0

Bit 15 -0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the touch screen,
which were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the touch screen, which
were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.

Note: The Host can read this register to check the coordinates used by the
touch engine to update the tag register REG_CTOUCH_TAG3.

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Register Definition 71 REG_CTOUCH_TAG4_XY Definition

REG_CTOUCH_TAG4_XY Definition

RO RO

31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x148 Reset Value: 0

Bit 15 - 0 : The value of these bits are the Y coordinates of the touch screen,
which were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.
Bit 31 - 16: The value of these bits are X coordinates of the touch screen, which
were used by the touch engine to look up the tag result.

Note: The Host can read this register to check the coordinates used by the
touch engine to update the tag register REG_CTOUCH_TAG4.

3.3.5 Calibration
The calibration process is initiated by CMD_CALIBRATE and works with both the RTE and CTE,
but is only available in the compatibility mode of the CTE. However, the results of the calibration
process are applicable to both compatibility mode and extended mode. As such, users are
recommended to finish the calibration process before entering into extended mode.
After the calibration process is complete, the registers REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_A-F will be
updated accordingly.

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3.4 Co-processor Engine Registers

Register Definition 72 REG_CMD_DL Definition

REG_CMD_DL Definition

Reserved R/W

31 13 12 0

Offset: 0x100 Reset Value: 0x0000

Bit 12 - 0 : These bits indicate the offset from RAM_DL of a display list command
generated by the coprocessor engine. The coprocessor engine depends on these
bits to determine the address in the display list buffer of generated display list
commands. It will update this register as long as the display list commands are
generated into the display list buffer.
By setting this register properly, the host can specify the starting address in the
display list buffer for the coprocessor engine to generate display commands. The
valid value range is from 0 to 8191(sizeof(RAM_DL)-1).
Bit 31 - 13: Reserved

Register Definition 73 REG_CMD_WRITE Definition

REG_CMD_WRITE Definition
Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0xFC Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 11 - 0 : These bits are updated by the host to inform the co-processor
engine of the ending address of valid data feeding into its FIFO. Typically, the
host will update this register after it has downloaded the coprocessor
commands into its FIFO. The valid range is from 0 to 4095, i.e. within the size
of the FIFO.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

Note: The FIFO size of the command buffer is 4096 bytes and each co-
processor instruction is of 4 bytes in size. The value to be written into this
register must be 4 bytes aligned.

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Register Definition 74 REG_CMD_READ Definition

REG_CMD_READ Definition
Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0xF8 Reset Value: 0x000

Bit 11 - 0: These bits are updated by the coprocessor engine as long as the
coprocessor engine fetched the command from its FIFO. The host can read this register
to determine the FIFO fullness of the coprocessor engine. The valid value range is from
0 to 4095. In the case of an error, the co-processor engine writes 0xFFF to this
register.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

Note: The host shall not write into this register unless in an error recovery case. The
default value is zero after the coprocessor engine is reset.

Register Definition 75 REG_CMDB_SPACE Definition

REG_CMDB_SPACE Definition
Reserved R/W

31 12 11 0

Offset: 0x574 Reset Value: 0xFFC

Bit 11 - 0 : These bits are updated by the coprocessor engine to indicate the free space
in RAM_CMD. The host can read this register to determine how many bytes are
available to be written into RAM_CMD before writing to RAM_CMD.
Bit 31 - 12: Reserved

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Register Definition 76 REG_CMDB_WRITE Definition

REG_CMDB_WRITE Definition

WO

31 0

Offset: 0x578 Reset Value: 0x000

Bit 31 - 0 : The data or command to be written into RAM_CMD. The Host can issue one
write transfer with this register address to transfer data less than or equal to the
amount of REG_CMDB_SPACE to make bulky data transfer possible.

3.5 Special Registers

The registers listed here are not located in RAM_REG. They are located in special memory address
in the FT81x.

Register Definition 77 REG_TRACKER Definition

REG_TRACKER Definition

Read Only
Track Value Tag Value
31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x7000 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 15 - 0: These bits are set to indicate the tag value of a graphics object which is being
touched.
Bit 31 - 16: These bits are set to indicate the tracking value for the tracked graphics objects.
The coprocessor calculates the tracking value that the touching point takes within the
predefined range. Please check the CMD_TRACK for more details.

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Register Definition 78 REG_TRACKER_1 Definition

REG_TRACKER_1 Definition

Read Only
Track Value Tag Value
31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x7004 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 15 - 0: These bits are set to indicate the tag value of a graphics object which is being
touched as the second point.
Bit 31 - 16: These bits are set to indicate the tracking value for the tracked graphics objects.

The coprocessor calculates the tracking value that the touching point takes within the

predefined range. Please check the CMD_TRACK for more details.

Register Definition 79 REG_TRACKER_2 Definition

REG_TRACKER_2 Definition

Read Only
Track Value Tag Value
31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x7008 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 15 - 0: These bits are set to indicate the tag value of a graphics object which is being
touched as the third touch point.
Bit 31 - 16: These bits are set to indicate the tracking value for the tracked graphics objects.
The coprocessor calculates the tracking value that the touching point takes within the

predefined range. Please check the CMD_TRACK for more details.

Note: NONE

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Register Definition 80 REG_TRACKER_3 Definition

REG_TRACKER_3 Definition

Read Only
Track Value Tag Value
31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x700C Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 15 - 0: These bits are set to indicate the tag value of a graphics object which is being
touched as the fourth touch point.
Bit 31 - 16: These bits are set to indicate the tracking value for the tracked graphics objects.
The coprocessor calculates the tracking value that the touching point takes within the

predefined range. Please check the CMD_TRACK for more details.

Note: NONE

Register Definition 81 REG_TRACKER_4 Definition

REG_TRACKER_4 Definition

Read Only
Track Value Tag Value
31 16 15 0

Offset: 0x7010 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 15 - 0: These bits are set to indicate the tag value of a graphics object which is being
touched as the fifth touch point.
Bit 31 - 16: These bits are set to indicate the tracking value for the tracked graphics objects.
The coprocessor calculates the tracking value that the touching point takes within the
predefined range. Please check the CMD_TRACK for more details.

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Register Definition 82 REG_MEDIAFIFO_READ Definition

REG_MEDIAFIFO_READ Definition

R/W

31 0

Offset: 0x7014 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 31 - 0: The value specifies the read pointer pointing to the address in RAM_G of the media FIFO.

Register Definition 83 REG_MEDIAFIFO_WRITE Definition

REG_MEDIAFIFO_WRITE Definition

R/W

31 0

Offset: 0x7018 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 31 - 0: The value specifies the write pointer pointing to the address in RAM_G of the media
FIFO.

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3.6 Miscellaneous Registers

In this chapter, the miscellaneous registers covers backlight control, interrupt, GPIO, and other
functionality registers.
Register Definition 84 REG_CPURESET Definition

REG_CPURESET Definition

Reserved R/W

31 3 2 0

Offset: 0x20 Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 2 - 0 :
Bit 0 for coprocessor engine,
Bit 1 for touch engine,
Bit 2 for audio engine.
Write 1 to reset the corresponding engine. Write zero to go back normal working
status.
Reading 1 means the engine is in reset status, and reading zero means the engine
is in working status.

Bit 31 - 3: Reserved

Register Definition 85 REG_PWM_DUTY Definition

REG_PWM_DUTY Definition

Reserved R/W

31 8 7 0

Offset: 0xD4 Reset Value: 0x80

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits define the backlight PWM output duty cycle. The valid range is
from 0 to 128. 0 means backlight completely off, 128 means backlight in max
brightness.
Bit 31 - 8: Reserved

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Register Definition 86 REG_PWM_HZ Definition

REG_PWM_HZ Definition

Reserved R/W

31 14 13 0

Offset: 0xD0 Reset Value: 0xFA

Bit 13 - 0 : These bits define the backlight PWM output frequency in HZ. The default is
250 Hz after reset. The valid frequency is from 250Hz to 10000Hz.
Bit 31 - 14: Reserved

Register Definition 87 REG_INT_MASK Definition

REG_INT_MASK Definition
Reserved R/W

31 87 0

Offset: 0xB0 Reset Value: 0xFF

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are used to mask the corresponding interrupt. 1 means to
enable the corresponding interrupt source, 0 means to disable the
corresponding interrupt source. After reset , all the interrupt source are eligible
to trigger an interrupt by default.
Bit 31 - 8: Reserved
Note: Refer to the datasheet section "Interrupts" for more details.

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Register Definition 88 REG_INT_EN Definition

REG_INT_EN Definition

Reserved R/W

31 1 0

Offset: 0xAC Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 0 : The host can set this bit to 1 to enable the global interrupt. To disable
the global interrupt, the host can set this bit to 0.
Bit 31 - 1: Reserved

Note: Refer to the datasheet section "Interrupts" for the details of this
register.

Register Definition 89 REG_INT_FLAGS Definition

REG_INT_FLAGS Definition

Reserved R/C

31 87 0

Offset: 0xA8 Reset Value: 0x00

Bit 7 - 0 : These bits are interrupt flags set by the FT81X. The host can read these
bits to determine which interrupt takes place. These bits are cleared
automatically by reading. The host shall not write to this register.
Bit 31 - 8: Reserved
Note: Refer to the datasheet section "Interrupts" for more details.

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Register Definition 90 REG_GPIO_DIR Definition

REG_GPIO_DIR Definition

Reserved R/W

31 87 0

Offset: 0x90 Reset Value: 0x80

Bit 7,1,0 : These bits configure the direction of GPIO pins of the FT81X. Bit 1,0
controls the direction of GPIO1/0 and Bit 7 controls the direction of pin DISP. Bit
7 shall NOT be set to zero for pin DISP functionality. (1=output,0=input)
Bit 31 - 8, 6,5,4,3,2: Reserved
Note: This register is a legacy register for backward comaptibility only

Register Definition 91 REG_GPIO Definition

REG_GPIO Definition

Reserved R/W

31 87 0

Offset: 0x94 Reset Value: 0x00

Bit 31 - 8: Reserved
Bit 7,1,0 : These bits control pins DISP, GPIO_1 and GPIO_0.
Bit 6-5: GPIO0/1, CTP_RST_N Drive Strength Setting (00:5mA - default, 01:10mA,
10:15mA, 11:20mA)
Bit 4: PCLK, DISP, V/HSYNC, DE, R,G,B, BACKLIGHT Drive Strength Setting (0:5mA -
default, 1:10mA)
Bit 3-2: MISO, MOSI, INT_N Drive Strength Setting (00:5mA - default, 01:10mA,
10:15mA, 11:20mA)

Note: Refer to the datasheet for more details.

This register is a legacy register for backward compatibility only

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Register Definition 92 REG_GPIOX_DIR Definition

REG_GPIOX_DIR Definition

Reserved R/W Reserved R/W

31 16 15 14 4 3 0

Offset: 0x98 Reset Value: 0x8000

Bit 31-16: Reserved
Bit 15 : Controlling the direction of pin DISP. For DISP functionality, this bit
shall be kept intact.
Bit 14-4: Reserved
Bit 3-0: Controlling the direction of pin GPIO 3-0. (1 = output, 0 = input)
For FT810/811, only GPIO 1-0 are available. For FT812/813, GPIO 3-0 are
available.

Register Definition 93 REG_GPIOX Definition

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REG_GPIOX Definition

Reserved R/W Reserved R/W

31 16 15 9 8 43 0

Offset: 0x9C Reset Value: 0x8000

Bit 31-16: Reserved
Bit 15 : Setting or reading the level of pin DISP. 1 for high and 0 for low
Bit 14-13:GPIO[3:0], TOUCHWAKE Drive Strength Setting
(00:5mA - default, 01:10mA, 10:15mA, 11:20mA)
Bit 12:PCLK, DISP, V/HSYNC, DE, R,G,B, BACKLIGHT Drive Strength Setting
(0:5mA - default, 1:10mA)
Bit 11 - 10:MISO, MOSI, IO2, IO3, INT_N Drive Strength Setting
(00:5mA - default, 01:10mA, 10:15mA, 11:20mA)
Bit 9: INT_N Type
(0 : OD - default, 1 : Push-pull)
Bit 8-4: Reserved
Bit 3-0: Writing or reading the pin of GPIO 3-0. 1 for high and 0 for low.
For FT810/811, only GPIO 1-0 are available. For FT812/813, GPIO 3-0 are available.

Register Definition 94 REG_FREQUENCY Definition

REG_FREQUENCY Definition

Read / Write

31 0

Offset: 0xC Reset Value: 0x3938700

Bit 31 - 0: These bits are set 0x3938700 after reset, i.e. The main clock frequency is 60MHz by
default. The value is in Hz. If the host selects the alternative frequency, this register must be
updated accordingly.

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Register Definition 95 REG_CLOCK Definition

REG_CLOCK Definition

Read Only

31 0

Offset: 8 Reset Value: 0x00000000

Bit 31 - 0: These bits are set to zero after reset. The register counts the number of FT81X
main clock cycles since reset. If the FT81X main clock's frequency is 60Mhz, it will wrap around
after about 71 seconds.

Register Definition 96 REG_FRAMES Definition

REG_FRAMES Definition

Read Only

31 0

Offset: 4 Reset Value: 0x00000000

Bit 31 - 0: These bits are set to zero after reset. The register counts the number of screen
frames. If the refresh rate is 60Hz, it will wrap up till about 828 days after reset.

Register Definition 97 REG_ID Definition

REG_ID Definition
Reserved RO

31 87 0

Offset: 0 Reset Value: 0x7C

Bit 7 - 0: These bits are the built-in register ID. The host can read this to determine if the
chip belongs to the EVE series. The value shall always be 0x7C.
Bit 31 - 8: Reserved

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Register Definition 98 REG_TRIM Definition

REG_TRIM Definition
Reserved R/W

31 5 4 0

Address: 0x10256C Reset Value: 0x0

Bit 0 - 4: These bits are set to trim the internal clock.

Bit 5 - 31: Reserved

Register Definition 99 REG_SPI_WIDTH Definition

REG_SPI_WIDTH Definition
Reserved R/W

31 3 2 1 0

Address: 0x188
0x180 Reset Value: 0x0
Bit 2: Extra dummy on SPI read transfer. Writing 1 to enable one extra dummy
byte on SPI read transfer.
Bit 1 - 0: SPI data bus width
00: 1 bi t 01: 2 bi t(Dua l -SPI) 10: 4 bi t (Qua d-SPI) 11: unde fi ne d
Bit 31 - 3: Reserved

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4 Display List Commands

The graphics engine of the FT81X takes the instructions from display list memory RAM_DL in the
form of commands. Each command is 4 bytes long and one display list can be filled with up to
2048 commands as the size of RAM_DL is 8K bytes. The graphics engine performs the respective
operation according to the definition of commands.

4.1 Graphics State

The graphics state which controls the effects of a drawing action is stored in the graphics context.
Individual pieces of state can be changed by the appropriate display list commands (e.g.
COLOR_RGB) and the entire current state can be saved and restored using the SAVE_CONTEXT
and RESTORE_CONTEXT commands.
Note that the bitmap drawing state is special: Although the bitmap handle is part of the graphics
context, the parameters for each bitmap handle are not part of the graphics context. They are
neither saved nor restored by SAVE_CONTEXT and RESTORE_CONTEXT. These parameters are
changed using the BITMAP_SOURCE, BITMAP_LAYOUT, and BITMAP_SIZE commands. Once
these parameters are set up, they can be utilized at any display list until they were changed.
SAVE_CONTEXT and RESTORE_CONTEXT are comprised of a 4-level stack in addition to the
current graphics context. The table below details the various parameters in the graphics context.

Table 5 Graphics Context

Parameters Default values Commands

func & ref ALWAYS, 0 ALPHA_FUNC
func & ref ALWAYS, 0 STENCIL_FUNC
Src & dst SRC_ALPHA, BLEND_FUNC
ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA
Cell value 0 CELL
Alpha value 0 COLOR_A
Red, Blue, Green colors (255,255,255) COLOR_RGB
Line width in 1/16 pixels 16 LINE_WIDTH
Point size in 1/16 pixels 16 POINT_SIZE
Width & height of scissor HSIZE,2048 SCISSOR_SIZE
Starting coordinates of (x, y) = (0,0) SCISSOR_XY
scissor
Current bitmap handle 0 BITMAP_HANDLE
Bitmap transform +1.0,0,0,0,+1.0,0 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F
coefficients
Stencil clear value 0 CLEAR_STENCIL
Tag clear value 0 CLEAR_TAG

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Parameters Default values Commands

Mask value of stencil 255 STENCIL_MASK
spass and sfail KEEP,KEEP STENCIL_OP
Tag buffer value 255 TAG
Tag mask value 1 TAG_MASK
Alpha clear value 0 CLEAR_COLOR_A
RGB clear color (0,0,0) CLEAR_COLOR_RGB
Palette source address RAM_G PALETTE_SOURCE
Units of pixel precision 1/16 pixel VERTEX_FORMAT, VERTEX_2F

4.2 Command Encoding

Each display list command has a 32-bit encoding. The most significant bits of the code determine
the command. Command parameters (if any) are present in the least significant bits. Any bits
marked as “reserved” must be zero.
The graphics primitives supported by FT81X and their respective values are referenced in the
BEGIN command.

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4.3 Command Groups

4.3.1 Setting Graphics State

ALPHA_FUNC set the alpha test function
BITMAP_HANDLE set the bitmap handle
BITMAP_LAYOUT/ set the source bitmap memory format and
BITMAP_LAYOUT_H layout for the current handle
BITMAP_SIZE/ set the screen drawing of bitmaps for the
BITMAP_SIZE_H current handle
BITMAP_SOURCE set the source address for bitmap graphics
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F set the components of the bitmap transform
matrix
BLEND_FUNC set pixel arithmetic function
CELL set the bitmap cell number for the VERTEX2F
command
CLEAR clear buffers to preset values
CLEAR_COLOR_A set clear value for the alpha channel
CLEAR_COLOR_RGB set clear values for red, green and blue
channels
CLEAR_STENCIL set clear value for the stencil buffer
CLEAR_TAG set clear value for the tag buffer
COLOR_A set the current color alpha
COLOR_MASK enable or disable writing of color components
COLOR_RGB set the current color red, green and blue
LINE_WIDTH set the line width
POINT_SIZE set point size
RESTORE_CONTEXT restore the current graphics context from the
context stack
SAVE_CONTEXT push the current graphics context on the
context stack
SCISSOR_SIZE set the size of the scissor clip rectangle
SCISSOR_XY set the top left corner of the scissor clip
rectangle
STENCIL_FUNC set function and reference value for stencil
testing
STENCIL_MASK control the writing of individual bits in the
stencil planes
STENCIL_OP set stencil test actions
TAG set the current tag value
TAG_MASK control the writing of the tag buffer
VERTEX_FORMAT set the precision of VERTEX2F coordinates
VERTEX_TRANSLATE_X specify the vertex transformation’s X translation
component
VERTEX_TRANSLATE_Y specify the vertex transformation’s Y translation
component
PALETTE_SOURCE Specify the base address of the palette

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4.3.2 Drawing Actions

BEGIN start drawing a graphics primitive

END finish drawing a graphics primitive
VERTEX2F supply a vertex with fractional coordinates
VERTEX2II supply a vertex with unsigned coordinates

4.3.3 Execution Control

NOP No Operation
JUMP execute commands at another location in the
display list
MACRO execute a single command from a macro
register
CALL execute a sequence of commands at another
location in the display list
RETURN return from a previous CALL command
DISPLAY end the display list

4.4 ALPHA_FUNC
Specify the alpha test function
Encoding

31 24 23 11 10 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0x09 Reserved func Ref

Parameters
func
Specifies the test function, one of NEVER, LESS, LEQUAL, GREATER, GEQUAL, EQUAL,
NOTEQUAL, or ALWAYS. The initial value is ALWAYS (7)

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NAME VALUE
NEVER 0
LESS 1
LEQUAL 2
GREATER 3
GEQUAL 4
EQUAL 5
NOTEQUAL 6
ALWAYS 7

Figure 5: The constants of ALPHA_FUNC

ref
Specifies the reference value for the alpha test. The initial value is 0
Graphics context
The values of func and ref are part of the graphics context, as described in section
4.1
See also
None

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4.5 BEGIN
Begin drawing a graphics primitive
Encoding
31 24 23 4 3 2 1 0

0x1F reserved Prim

Parameters
prim
Graphics primitive. The valid value is defined as below:

Table 6 FT81X graphics primitive operation definition

NAME VALUE Description

BITMAPS 1 Bitmap drawing primitive
POINTS 2 Point drawing primitive
LINES 3 Line drawing primitive
Line strip drawing
LINE_STRIP 4 primitive
Edge strip right side
EDGE_STRIP_R 5 drawing primitive
Edge strip left side
EDGE_STRIP_L 6 drawing primitive
Edge strip above drawing
EDGE_STRIP_A 7 primitive
Edge strip below side
EDGE_STRIP_B 8 drawing primitive
Rectangle drawing
RECTS 9 primitive

Description
All primitives supported by the FT81X are defined in the table above. The primitive to be drawn is
selected by the BEGIN command. Once the primitive is selected, it will be valid till the new
primitive is selected by the BEGIN command.
Please note that the primitive drawing operation will not be performed until VERTEX2II or
VERTEX2F is executed.

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Examples

Drawing points, lines and bitmaps:

dl( BEGIN(POINTS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 5, 0, 0) );
dl( VERTEX2II(110, 15, 0, 0) );
dl( BEGIN(LINES) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 45, 0, 0) );
dl( VERTEX2II(110, 55, 0, 0) );
dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 65, 31, 0x45) );
dl( VERTEX2II(110, 75, 31, 0x46) );

Graphics context
None
See also
END

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4.6 BITMAP_HANDLE
Specify the bitmap handle
Encoding

31 24 23 5 4 3 2 1 0
0x05 reserved handle

Parameters
handle
Bitmap handle. The initial value is 0. The valid value range is from 0 to 31.
Description
By default, bitmap handles 16 to 31 are used for built-in font and 15 is used as scratch
bitmap handle by co-processor engine commands CMD_GRADIENT, CMD_BUTTON and
CMD_KEYS.
Graphics context
The value of handle is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
BITMAP_LAYOUT, BITMAP_SIZE

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4.7 BITMAP_LAYOUT
Specify the source bitmap memory format and layout for the current handle.
Encoding

31 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 9 8 0
0x07 format linestride height

Parameters
format
Bitmap pixel format. The valid range is from 0 to 11 and defined as per the table
below.

Table 7 BITMAP_LAYOUT format list

Green
Name Value Bits/pixel Alpha bits Red bits Blue bits
bits

ARGB1555 0 16 1 5 5 5
L1 1 1 1 0 0 0
L4 2 4 4 0 0 0
L8 3 8 8 0 0 0
RGB332 4 8 0 3 3 2
ARGB2 5 8 2 2 2 2
ARGB4 6 16 4 4 4 4
RGB565 7 16 0 5 6 5
TEXT8X8 9 - - - - -
TEXTVGA 10 - - - - -
BARGRAPH 11 - - - - -
PALETTED565 14 8 0 5 6 5
PALETTED4444 15 8 4 4 4 4
PALETTED8 16 8 8 8 8 8
L2 17 2 2 0 0 0

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Examples of various supported bitmap formats (except TXTVGA) are shown as below:

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BARGRAPH - render data as a bar graph. Looks up the x coordinate in a byte array,
then gives an opaque pixel if the byte value is less than y, otherwise a transparent
pixel. The result is a bar graph of the bitmap data. A maximum of 256x256 size
bitmap can be drawn using the BARGRAPH format. Orientation, width and height of
the graph can be altered using the bitmap transform matrix.
TEXT8X8 - lookup in a fixed 8x8 font. The bitmap is a byte array present in the
graphics ram and each byte indexes into an internal 8x8 CP437 [2] font (inbuilt font
bitmap handles 16 & 17 are used for drawing TEXT8X8 format). The result is that the
bitmap acts like a character grid. A single bitmap can be drawn which covers all or
part of the display; each byte in the bitmap data corresponds to one 8x8 pixel
character cell.
TEXTVGA – lookup in a fixed 8x16 font with TEXTVGA syntax. The bitmap is a
TEXTVGA array present in the graphics ram, each element indexes into an internal
8x16 CP437 [2] font (inbuilt font bitmap handles 18 & 19 are used for drawing
TEXTVGA format with control information such as background color, foreground color
and cursor etc.). The result is that the bitmap acts like a TEXTVGA grid. A single
bitmap can be drawn which covers all or part of the display; each TEXTVGA data type
in the bitmap corresponds to one 8x16 pixel character cell.
linestride
Bitmap line strides, in bytes. It represents the amount of memory used for each line
of bitmap pixels.
For L1, L2, L4 format, the necessary data has to be padded to make it byte aligned.
Normally, it can be calculated with the following formula:
linestride = width * byte/pixel
For example, if one bitmap is 64(width) x 32(height) pixels in L4 format, the
line stride shall be (64*1/2 = 32).
height
Bitmap height, in lines

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Description
For more details about memory layout according to pixel format, refer to the figures below:

L1 format layout Byte Order

Pixel 0 Bit 7
Pixel 1 Bit 6
Byte 0
……
Pixel 7 Bit 0

L2 format layout Byte Order

Pixel 0 Bit 7-6
Pixel 1 Bit 5-4
Byte 0
Pixel 2 Bit 3-2
Pixel 3 Bit 1-0

L4 format layout Byte Order

Pixel 0 Bit 7-4
Byte 0
Pixel 1 Bit 3-0

L8 format layout Byte Order

Pixel 0 Bit 7-0 Byte 0
pixel 1 Bit 15-8 Byte 1
pixel 2 Bit 23-16 Byte 2

Figure 6: L1/L2/L4/L8 Pixel Format

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ARGB2 format layout Byte Order

A Bit 7-6
R Bit 5-4
Pixel 0 Byte 0
G Bit 3-2
B Bit 1-0

ARGB1555 format layout Byte Order

A Bit 15
R Bit 14-10 Byte 1
Pixel 0
G Bit 9- 5 Byte 0
B Bit 4-0

Figure 7: ARGB2/1555 Pixel Format

ARGB4/PALETTED4444 Byte Order

A Bit 15-12
Byte 1
R Bit 11-8
Pixel 0
G Bit 7-4
Byte 0
B Bit 3-0

RGB332 Byte Order

R Bit 7-5
Pixel 0 G Bit 4-2 Byte 0
B Bit 1-0

RGB565/PALETTED565 Byte Order

R Bit 15-11
Byte 1
pixel 0 G Bit 10-5
Byte 0
B Bit 4-0

Figure 8: ARGB4/PALETTED4444, RGB332, RGB565/PALETTED565 Pixel Format

PALETTED8 Byte Order

A Bit 31-24 Byte 3
R Bit 23-16 Byte 2
Pixel 0
G Bit 15-8 Byte 1
B Bit 7-0 Byte 0

Figure 9: PALETTED8 Pixel Format

Graphics context

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None
Note
PALETTED8 format is supported indirectly in FT81X and it is different from PALETTED
format in FT80X. To render Alpha, Red, Green and Blue channels, multi-pass drawing action is
required.
The following display list snippet shows:

//addr_pal is the starting address of palette lookup table in

RAM_G
//bitmap source(palette indices) is starting from address 0

dl(BITMAP_HANDLE(0))
dl(BITMAP_LAYOUT(PALETTED8, width, height))
dl(BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER, BORDER, width, height))

dl(BITMAP_SOURCE(0)) //bitmap source(palette indices)

dl(BEGIN(BITMAPS))
dl(BLEND_FUNC(ONE, ZERO))

//Draw Alpha channel

dl(COLOR_MASK(0,0,0,1))
dl(PALETTE_SOURCE(addr_pal+3))
dl(VERTEX2II(0, 0, 0, 0))

//Draw Red channel

dl(BLEND_FUNC(DST_ALPHA, ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA))
dl(COLOR_MASK(1,0,0,0))
dl(PALETTE_SOURCE (addr_pal+2))
dl(VERTEX2II (0, 0, 0, 0))

//Draw Green channel

dl(COLOR_MASK(0,1,0,0))
dl(PALETTE_SOURCE(addr_pal + 1))
dl(VERTEX2II(0, 0, 0, 0))

//Draw Blue channel

dl(COLOR_MASK(0,0,1,0))
dl(PALETTE_SOURCE(addr_pal))
dl(VERTEX2II(0, 0, 0, 0))

Code Snippet 10 PALETTED8 drawing example

See also
BITMAP_HANDLE, BITMAP_SIZE, BITMAP_SOURCE,PALETTE_SOURCE

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4.8 BITMAP_LAYOUT_H
Specify the 2 most significant bits of the source bitmap memory format and layout for the current
handle.
Encoding

31 24 23 4 3 2 1 0

0x28 reserved linestride height

Parameters
linestride
The 2 most significant bits of the 12-bit linestride parameter value specified to
BITMAP_LAYOUT.
height
The 2 most significant bits of the 11-bit height parameter value specified to
BITMAP_LAYOUT.
Description
This command is the extension command of BITMAP_LAYOUT for large drawn bitmaps. This
command is not needed if the specified linestride parameter value to BITMAP_LAYOUT is less
than 1024 and the height parameter value is less than 512.
Examples
NA
See also
BITMAP_LAYOUT

4.9 BITMAP_SIZE
Specify the screen drawing of bitmaps for the current handle
Encoding

31 24 23 21 20 19 18 17 9 8 0
Reserved

filter

wrapx

wrapy

0x08 width height

Parameters
filter
Bitmap filtering mode, one of NEAREST or BILINEAR

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The value of NEAREST is 0 and the value of BILINEAR is 1.

wrapx
Bitmap x wrap mode, one of REPEAT or BORDER
The value of BORDER is 0 and the value of REPEAT is 1.
wrapy
Bitmap y wrap mode, one of REPEAT or BORDER
The value of BORDER is 0 and the value of REPEAT is 1.
width
Drawn bitmap width, in pixels. From 1 to 511. Zero has special meaning.
height
Drawn bitmap height, in pixels. From 1 to 511. Zero has special meaning.
Description
This command controls the drawing of bitmaps: the on-screen size of the bitmap, the
behavior for wrapping, and the filtering function. Please note that if wrapx or wrapy is REPEAT
then the corresponding memory layout dimension (BITMAP_LAYOUT line stride or height)
must be power of two, otherwise the result is undefined.
For width and height, the value from 1 to 511 means the bitmap width and height in pixel.
The value zero has the special meaning if there are no BITMAP_SIZE_H present before or a
high bit in BITMAP_SIZE_H is zero: it means 2048 pixels, other than 0 pixels.

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4.10 BITMAP_SIZE_H
Specify the 2 most significant bits of bitmaps dimension for the current handle.
Encoding

31 24 23 4 3 2 1 0

0x29 reserved width height

Parameters
width
2 most significant bits of bitmap width. The initial value is zero.
height
2 most significant bits of bitmap height. The initial value is zero.
Description
This command is the extension command of BITMAP_SIZE for bitmap larger than 511 x 511
pixels.
Graphics context
None
See also
BITMAP_HANDLE, BITMAP_LAYOUT, BITMAP_SOURCE, BITMAP_SIZE

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4.11 BITMAP_SOURCE
Specify the source address of bitmap data in FT81X graphics memory RAM_G.
Encoding

31 24 23 22 21 0
0x01 reserved addr

Parameters
addr
Bitmap address in RAM_G of FT81X, aligned with respect to the bitmap format.
For example, if the bitmap format is RGB565/ARGB4/ARGB1555, the bitmap source
shall be aligned to 2 bytes.
Description
The bitmap source address is normally the address in main memory where the bitmap graphic
data is loaded.
Examples
Drawing a 64 x 64 bitmap, loaded at address 0:

dl( BITMAP_SOURCE(0) );
dl( BITMAP_LAYOUT(RGB565, 128, 64) );
dl( BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER,
BORDER, 64, 64) );
dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(48, 28, 0, 0) );

Using the same graphics data, but with source and size changed to show only a
32 x 32 detail:

dl( BITMAP_SOURCE(128 * 16 + 32) );

dl( BITMAP_LAYOUT(RGB565, 128, 64) );
dl( BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER,
BORDER, 32, 32) );
dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(48, 28, 0, 0) );

Display one 800x480 image by using extended display list commands mentioned above:

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dl(BITMAP_HANDLE(0));
dl(BITMAP_SOURCE(0));
dl(BITMAP_SIZE_H(1, 0));
dl(BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER,
BORDER, 288, 480));
dl(BITMAP_LAYOUT_H(1, 0));
dl(BITMAP_LAYOUT(ARGB1555, 576, 480));
dl(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
dl(VERTEX2II(76, 25, 0, 0));
dl(END());

Graphics context
None
See also
BITMAP_LAYOUT, BITMAP_SIZE

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4.12 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A
Specify the A coefficient of the bitmap transform matrix.
Encoding

31 24 23 17 16 0
0x15 Reserved a

Parameters
a Coefficient A of the bitmap transform matrix, in signed 8.8 bit fixed-point form. The initial
value is 256.
Description
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F coefficients are used to perform bitmap transform functionalities
such as scaling, rotation and translation. These are similar to openGL transform functionality.
Examples
A value of 0.5 (128) causes the bitmap appear double width:
dl( BITMAP_SOURCE(0) );
dl( BITMAP_LAYOUT(RGB565, 128, 64) );
dl( BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A(128) );
dl( BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER,
BORDER, 128, 128) );
dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(16, 0, 0, 0) );

A value of 2.0 (512) gives a half-width bitmap:

dl( BITMAP_SOURCE(0) );
dl( BITMAP_LAYOUT(RGB565, 128, 64) );
dl( BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A(512) );
dl( BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER,
BORDER, 128, 128) );
dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(16, 0, 0, 0) );

Graphics context
The value of a is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
None

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4.13 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_B
Specify the B coefficient of the bitmap transform matrix
Encoding

31 24 23 17 16 0
0x16 Reserved b

Parameters
b
Coefficient B of the bitmap transform matrix, in signed 8.8 bit fixed-point form. The
initial value is 0
Description
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F coefficients are used to perform bitmap transform functionalities
such as scaling, rotation and translation. These are similar to openGL transform functionality.

Graphics context
The value of B is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
None

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4.14 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_C
Specify the C coefficient of the bitmap transform matrix
Encoding

31 24 23 0

0x17 c

Parameters
c
Coefficient C of the bitmap transform matrix, in signed 15.8 bit fixed-point form. The
initial value is 0
Description
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F coefficients are used to perform bitmap transform functionalities
such as scaling, rotation and translation. These are similar to openGL transform functionality.
Graphics context
The value of c is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
None

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4.15 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_D
Specify the D coefficient of the bitmap transform matrix
Encoding

31 24 23 17 16 0
0x18 Reserved d

Parameters
d
Coefficient D of the bitmap transform matrix, in signed 8.8 bit fixed-point form. The
initial value is 0
Description
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F coefficients are used to perform bitmap transform functionalities
such as scaling, rotation and translation. These are similar to openGL transform functionality.
Graphics context
The value of d is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
None

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4.16 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_E
Specify the E coefficient of the bitmap transform matrix
Encoding

31 24 23 17 16 0
0x19 Reserved e

Parameters
e
Coefficient E of the bitmap transform matrix, in signed 8.8 bit fixed-point form. The
initial value is 256
Description
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F coefficients are used to perform bitmap transform functionalities
such as scaling, rotation and translation. These are similar to openGL transform functionality.
Examples
A value of 0.5 (128) causes the bitmap appear double height:

dl( BITMAP_SOURCE(0) );
dl( BITMAP_LAYOUT(RGB565, 128, 64) );
dl( BITMAP_TRANSFORM_E(128) );
dl( BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER,
BORDER, 128, 128) );
dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(16, 0, 0, 0) );

A value of 2.0 (512) gives a half-height bitmap:

dl( BITMAP_SOURCE(0) );
dl( BITMAP_LAYOUT(RGB565, 128, 64) );
dl( BITMAP_TRANSFORM_E(512) );
dl( BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER,
BORDER, 128, 128) );
dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(16, 0, 0, 0) );

Graphics context
The value of e is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
None

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4.17 BITMAP_TRANSFORM_F
Specify the F coefficient of the bitmap transform matrix

Encoding

31 24 23 0
0x1A f

Parameters
f
Coefficient F of the bitmap transform matrix, in signed 15.8 bit fixed-point form. The
initial value is 0
Description
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F coefficients are used to perform bitmap transform functionalities
such as scaling, rotation and translation. These are similar to openGL transform functionality.
Graphics context
The value of f is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
None

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4.18 BLEND_FUNC
Specify pixel arithmetic
Encoding

31 24 23 6 5 3 2 0
0x0B reserved src dst

Parameters
src
Specifies how the source blending factor is computed. One of ZERO, ONE, SRC_ALPHA,
DST_ALPHA, ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA or ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA. The initial value is
SRC_ALPHA (2).

dst
Specifies how the destination blending factor is computed, one of the same constants
as src. The initial value is ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA(4)

Table 8 BLEND_FUNC constant value definition

NAME VALUE Description

ZERO 0 Check openGL definition
ONE 1 Check openGL definition
SRC_ALPHA 2 Check openGL definition
DST_ALPHA 3 Check openGL definition
ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA 4 Check openGL definition
ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHA 5 Check openGL definition

Description
The blend function controls how new color values are combined with the values already in the
color buffer. Given a pixel value source and a previous value in the color buffer destination,
the computed color is:
source × src + destination × dst

for each color channel: red, green, blue and alpha.

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Examples
The default blend function of (SRC_ALPHA, ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA) causes drawing to
overlay the destination using the alpha value:

dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 30, 31, 0x47) );
dl( COLOR_A( 128 ) );
dl( VERTEX2II(60, 40, 31, 0x47) );

A destination factor of zero means that destination pixels are not used:

dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( BLEND_FUNC(SRC_ALPHA, ZERO) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 30, 31, 0x47) );
dl( COLOR_A( 128 ) );
dl( VERTEX2II(60, 40, 31, 0x47) );

Using the source alpha to control how much of the destination to keep:

dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( BLEND_FUNC(ZERO, SRC_ALPHA) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 30, 31, 0x47) );

Graphics context
The values of src and dst are part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
COLOR_A

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4.19 CALL
Execute a sequence of commands at another location in the display list
Encoding

31 24 23 16 15 0
0x1D reserved dest

Parameters
dest
The offset of the destination address from RAM_DL which the display command is to be
switched to. FT81X has the stack to store the return address. To come back to the
next command of source address, the RETURN command can help.
The valid range is from 0 to 8191.
Description
CALL and RETURN have a 4 level stack in addition to the current pointer. Any
additional CALL/RETURN done will lead to unexpected behavior.
Graphics context
None
See also
JUMP, RETURN

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4.20 CELL
Specify the bitmap cell number for the VERTEX2F command.
Encoding

31 24 23 7 6 0
0x06 Reserved Cell

Parameters
cell
bitmap cell number. The initial value is 0
Graphics context
The value of cell is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
None

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4.21 CLEAR
Clear buffers to preset values
Encoding

31 24 23 3 2 1 0
0x26 Reserved C S T

Parameters
c
Clear color buffer. Setting this bit to 1 will clear the color buffer of the FT81X to the
preset value. Setting this bit to 0 will maintain the color buffer of the FT81X with an
unchanged value. The preset value is defined in command CLEAR_COLOR_RGB for
RGB channel and CLEAR_COLOR_A for alpha channel.
s
Clear stencil buffer. Setting this bit to 1 will clear the stencil buffer of the FT81X to the
preset value. Setting this bit to 0 will maintain the stencil buffer of the FT81X with an
unchanged value. The preset value is defined in command CLEAR_STENCIL.

t
Clear tag buffer. Setting this bit to 1 will clear the tag buffer of the FT81X to the preset
value. Setting this bit to 0 will maintain the tag buffer of the FT81X with an
unchanged value. The preset value is defined in command CLEAR_TAG.

Description
The scissor test and the buffer write masks affect the operation of the clear. Scissor limits the
cleared rectangle, and the buffer write masks limit the affected buffers. The state of the alpha
function, blend function, and stenciling do not affect the clear.
Examples
To clear the screen to bright blue:

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(0, 0, 255) );

dl( CLEAR(1, 0, 0) );

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To clear part of the screen to gray, part to blue using scissor rectangles:

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(100, 100, 100) );

dl( CLEAR(1, 1, 1) );
dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(0, 0, 255) );
dl( SCISSOR_SIZE(30, 120) );
dl( CLEAR(1, 1, 1) );

Graphics context
None
See also
CLEAR_COLOR_A, CLEAR_STENCIL, CLEAR_TAG, CLEAR_COLOR_RGB

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4.22 CLEAR_COLOR_A
Specify clear value for the alpha channel
Encoding

32 24 23 8 7 0
0x0F Reserved Alpha

Parameters
alpha
Alpha value used when the color buffer is cleared. The initial value is 0
Graphics context
The value of alpha is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
CLEAR_COLOR_RGB, CLEAR

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4.23 CLEAR_COLOR_RGB
Specify clear values for red, green and blue channels
Encoding

31 24 23 16 15 8 7 0
0x02 Red Blue Green

Parameters
red
Red value used when the color buffer is cleared. The initial value is 0
green
Green value used when the color buffer is cleared. The initial value is 0
blue
Blue value used when the color buffer is cleared. The initial value is 0
Description
Sets the color values used by a following CLEAR.
Examples
To clear the screen to bright blue:

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(0, 0, 255) );

dl( CLEAR(1, 1, 1) );

To clear part of the screen to gray, part to blue using scissor rectangles:

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(100, 100, 100) );

dl( CLEAR(1, 1, 1) );
dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(0, 0, 255) );
dl( SCISSOR_SIZE(30, 120) );
dl( CLEAR(1, 1, 1) );

Graphics context
The values of red, green and blue are part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
CLEAR_COLOR_A, CLEAR

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4.24 CLEAR_STENCIL
Specify clear value for the stencil buffer
Encoding

31 24 23 8 7 0
0x11 Reserved s

Parameters
s
Value used when the stencil buffer is cleared. The initial value is 0
Graphics context
The value of s is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
CLEAR

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4.25 CLEAR_TAG
Specify clear value for the tag buffer
Encoding

31 24 23 8 7 0
0x12 Reserved t

Parameters
t
Value used when the tag buffer is cleared. The initial value is 0.
Graphics context
The value of s is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
TAG, TAG_MASK, CLEAR

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4.26 COLOR_A
Set the current color alpha
Encoding

31 24 23 8 7 0
0x10 Reserved alpha

Parameters
alpha
Alpha for the current color. The initial value is 255
Description
Sets the alpha value applied to drawn elements - points, lines, and bitmaps. How the alpha
value affects image pixels depends on BLEND_FUNC; the default behavior is a transparent
blend.
Examples
Drawing three characters with transparency 255, 128, and 64:

dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 30, 31, 0x47) );
dl( COLOR_A( 128 ) );
dl( VERTEX2II(58, 38, 31, 0x47) );
dl( COLOR_A( 64 ) );
dl( VERTEX2II(66, 46, 31, 0x47) );

Graphics context
The value of alpha is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
COLOR_RGB, BLEND_FUNC

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4.27 COLOR_MASK
Enable or disable writing of color components
Encoding

31 24 23 4 3 2 1 0
0x20 reserved r g b a

Parameters
r
Enable or disable the red channel update of the FT81X color buffer. The initial value is
1 and means enable.
g
Enable or disable the green channel update of the FT81X color buffer. The initial value
is 1 and means enable.
b
Enable or disable the blue channel update of the FT81X color buffer. The initial value is
1 and means enable.
a
Enable or disable the alpha channel update of the FT81X color buffer. The initial value
is 1 and means enable.
Description
The color mask controls whether the color values of a pixel are updated. Sometimes it is used
to selectively update only the red, green, blue or alpha channels of the image. More often, it
is used to completely disable color updates while updating the tag and stencil buffers.
Examples
Draw an '8' digit in the middle of the screen. Then paint an invisible 40-pixel circular touch
area into the tag buffer:

dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(68, 40, 31, 0x38) );
dl( POINT_SIZE(40 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_MASK(0, 0, 0, 0) );
dl( BEGIN(POINTS) );
dl( TAG( 0x38 ) );
dl( VERTEX2II(80, 60, 0, 0) );

Graphics context
The values of r, g, b and a are part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
TAG_MASK

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4.28 COLOR_RGB
Set the current color red, green and blue
Encoding

31 24 23 16 15 8 7 0
0x04 Red Blue Green

Parameters
red
Red value for the current color. The initial value is 255
green
Green value for the current color. The initial value is 255
blue
Blue value for the current color. The initial value is 255
Description
Sets the red, green and blue values of the FT81X color buffer which will be applied to the
following draw operation.
Examples
Drawing three characters with different colors:

dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 38, 31, 0x47) );
dl( COLOR_RGB( 255, 100, 50 ) );
dl( VERTEX2II(80, 38, 31, 0x47) );
dl( COLOR_RGB( 50, 100, 255 ) );
dl( VERTEX2II(110, 38, 31, 0x47) );

Graphics context
The values of red, green and blue are part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
COLOR_A

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4.29 DISPLAY
End the display list. FT81X will ignore all the commands following this command.
Encoding

31 24 23 0
0x0 Reserved

Parameters
None
Graphics context
None
See also
None

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4.30 END
End drawing a graphics primitive.
Encoding

31 24 23 0
0x21 Reserved

Parameters
None
Description
It is recommended to have an END for each BEGIN. However, advanced users may avoid the
usage of END in order to save space for extra graphics instructions in RAM_DL.
Graphics context
None
See also
BEGIN

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4.31 JUMP
Execute commands at another location in the display list
Encoding

31 24 23 16 15 0
0x1E Reserved dest

Parameters
dest
Display list address (offset from RAM_DL) to be jumped. The valid range is from 0 to
8191.
Graphics context
None
See also
CALL

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4.32 LINE_WIDTH
Specify the width of lines to be drawn with primitive LINES in 1/16 pixel precision.
Encoding

31 24 23 12 11 0
0x0E Reserved width

Parameters
width
Line width in 1/16 pixel precision. The initial value is 16.
Description
Sets the width of drawn lines. The width is the distance from the center of the line to the
outermost drawn pixel, in units of 1/16 pixel. The valid range is from zero to 4095. i.e. from
zero to 255 pixels.
Please note the LINE_WIDTH command will affect the LINES, LINE_STRIP, RECTS,
EDGE_STRIP_A/B/R/L primitives.
Examples
The second line is drawn with a width of 80, for a 5 pixel radius:

dl( BEGIN(LINES) );
dl( VERTEX2F(16 * 10, 16 * 30) );
dl( VERTEX2F(16 * 150, 16 * 40) );
dl( LINE_WIDTH(80) );
dl( VERTEX2F(16 * 10, 16 * 80) );
dl( VERTEX2F(16 * 150, 16 * 90) );

Graphics context
The value of width is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
None

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4.33 MACRO
Execute a single command from a macro register.
Encoding

31 24 23 1 0
0x25 Reserved m

Parameters
m
Macro registers to read. Value 0 means the FT81X will fetch the command from
REG_MACRO_0 to execute. Value 1 means the FT81X will fetch the command from
REG_MACRO_1 to execute. The content of REG_MACRO_0 or REG_MACRO_1 shall be
a valid display list command, otherwise the behavior is undefined.
Graphics context
None
See also
None

4.34 NOP
No operation.
Encoding
31 24 23 0

0x2D Reserved
Parameters
None
Description
Does nothing. May be used as a spacer in display lists, if required.
Graphics context
None
See also
None

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4.35 PALETTE_SOURCE
Specify the base address of the palette.
Encoding

31 24 23 22 21 0

0x2A R addr

Parameters
r
Reserved
addr
Address of palette in RAM_G, 2-byte alignment is required if pixel format is
PALETTE4444 or PALETTE565. The initial value is RAM_G
Description
Specify the base address in RAM_G for palette
Graphics context
The value of addr is part of the graphics context
See also
None

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4.36 POINT_SIZE
Specify the radius of points
Encoding

31 24 23 13 12 0
0x0D reserved size

Parameters
size
Point radius in 1/16 pixel precision. The initial value is 16. The valid range is from zero
to 8191, i.e. from 0 to 511 pixels.
Description
Sets the size of drawn points. The width is the distance from the center of the point to the
outermost drawn pixel, in units of 1/16 pixels.
Examples
The second point is drawn with a width of 160, for a 10 pixel radius:

dl( BEGIN(POINTS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(40, 30, 0, 0) );
dl( POINT_SIZE(160) );
dl( VERTEX2II(120, 90, 0, 0) );

Graphics context
The value of size is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
None

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4.37 RESTORE_CONTEXT
Restore the current graphics context from the context stack
Encoding

31 24 23 0
0x23 Reserved

Parameters
None
Description
Restores the current graphics context, as described in section 4.1. Four levels of SAVE and
RESTORE stacks are available in the FT81X. Any extra RESTORE_CONTEXT will load the
default values into the present context.
Examples
Saving and restoring context means that the second 'G' is drawn in red, instead of blue:

dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( COLOR_RGB( 255, 0, 0 ) );
dl( SAVE_CONTEXT() );
dl( COLOR_RGB( 50, 100, 255 ) );
dl( VERTEX2II(80, 38, 31, 0x47) );
dl( RESTORE_CONTEXT() );
dl( VERTEX2II(110, 38, 31, 0x47) );

Graphics context
None
See also
SAVE_CONTEXT

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4.38 RETURN
Return from a previous CALL command.
Encoding

31 24 23 0
0x24 Reserved

Parameters
None
Description
CALL and RETURN have 4 levels of stack in addition to the current pointer. Any additional
CALL/RETURN done will lead to unexpected behavior.
Graphics context
None
See also
CALL

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4.39 SAVE_CONTEXT
Push the current graphics context on the context stack
Encoding

31 24 23 0
0x22 Reserved

Parameters
None
Description
Saves the current graphics context, as described in section 4.1. Any extra SAVE_CONTEXT
will throw away the earliest saved context.
Examples
Saving and restoring context means that the second 'G' is drawn in red, instead of blue:

dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( COLOR_RGB( 255, 0, 0 ) );
dl( SAVE_CONTEXT() );
dl( COLOR_RGB( 50, 100, 255 ) );
dl( VERTEX2II(80, 38, 31, 0x47) );
dl( RESTORE_CONTEXT() );
dl( VERTEX2II(110, 38, 31, 0x47) );

Graphics context
None
See also
RESTORE_CONTEXT

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4.40 SCISSOR_SIZE
Specify the size of the scissor clip rectangle
Encoding

31 24 23 12 11 0

0x1C width height

Parameters
width
The width of the scissor clip rectangle, in pixels. The initial value is 2048.
The value of zero will cause zero output on screen.
The valid range is from zero to 2048.
height
The height of the scissor clip rectangle, in pixels. The initial value is 2048.
The value of zero will cause zero output on screen.
The valid range is from zero to 2048.
Description
Sets the width and height of the scissor clip rectangle, which limits the drawing area.
Examples
Setting a 40 x 30 scissor rectangle clips the clear and bitmap drawing:

dl( SCISSOR_XY(40, 30) );

dl( SCISSOR_SIZE(80, 60) );
dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(0, 0, 255) );
dl( CLEAR(1, 1, 1) );
dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(35, 20, 31, 0x47) );

Graphics context
The values of width and height are part of the graphics context 4.1
See also
None

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4.41 SCISSOR_XY
Specify the top left corner of the scissor clip rectangle
Encoding

31 24 23 22 21 11 10 0

0x1B reserved x y

Parameters
x
The unsigned x coordinate of the scissor clip rectangle, in pixels. The initial value is 0.
The valid range is from zero to 2047.
y
The unsigned y coordinates of the scissor clip rectangle, in pixels. The initial value is 0.
The valid range is from zero to 2047.
Description
Sets the top-left position of the scissor clip rectangle, which limits the drawing area.
Examples
Setting a 40 x 30 scissor rectangle clips the clear and bitmap drawing:

dl( SCISSOR_XY(40, 30) );

dl( SCISSOR_SIZE(80, 60) );
dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(0, 0, 255) );
dl( CLEAR(1, 1, 1) );
dl( BEGIN(BITMAPS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(35, 20, 31, 0x47) );

Graphics context
The values of x and y are part of the graphics context 4.1
See also
None

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4.42 STENCIL_FUNC
Set function and reference value for stencil testing
Encoding

31 24 23 20 19 16 15 8 7 0
0x0A Reserved func ref mask

Parameters
func
Specifies the test function, one of NEVER, LESS, LEQUAL, GREATER, GEQUAL, EQUAL,
NOTEQUAL, or ALWAYS. The initial value is ALWAYS. About the value of these
constants, please check Figure 5: The constants of ALPHA_FUNC
ref
Specifies the reference value for the stencil test. The initial value is 0
mask
Specifies a mask that is ANDed with the reference value and the stored stencil value.
The initial value is 255
Description
Stencil test rejects or accepts pixels depending on the result of the test function defined in
func parameter, which operates on the current value in the stencil buffer against the
reference value.
Examples
Draw two points, incrementing stencil at each pixel, then draw the pixels with value 2 in red:

dl( STENCIL_OP(INCR, INCR) );

dl( POINT_SIZE(760) );
dl( BEGIN(POINTS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 60, 0, 0) );
dl( VERTEX2II(110, 60, 0, 0) );
dl( STENCIL_FUNC(EQUAL, 2, 255) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(100, 0, 0) );
dl( VERTEX2II(80, 60, 0, 0) );

Graphics context
The values of func, ref and mask are part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
STENCIL_OP, STENCIL_MASK

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4.43 STENCIL_MASK
Control the writing of individual bits in the stencil planes
Encoding

31 24 23 8 7 0
0x13 reserved mask

Parameters
mask
The mask used to enable writing stencil bits. The initial value is 255
Graphics context
The value of mask is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
STENCIL_FUNC, STENCIL_OP, TAG_MASK

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4.44 STENCIL_OP
Set stencil test actions
Encoding
31 24 23 6 5 3 2 0

0x0C reserved sfail spass

Parameters
sfail
Specifies the action to take when the stencil test fails, one of KEEP, ZERO, REPLACE,
INCR, DECR, and INVERT. The initial value is KEEP (1)

spass
Specifies the action to take when the stencil test passes, one of the same constants as
sfail. The initial value is KEEP (1)

NAME VALUE
ZERO 0
KEEP 1
REPLACE 2
INCR 3
DECR 4
INVERT 5

Figure 10: STENCIL_OP constants definition

Description
The stencil operation specifies how the stencil buffer is updated. The operation selected
depends on whether the stencil test passes or not.

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Examples
Draw two points, incrementing stencil at each pixel, then draw the pixels with value 2 in red:

dl( STENCIL_OP(INCR, INCR) );

dl( POINT_SIZE(760) );
dl( BEGIN(POINTS) );
dl( VERTEX2II(50, 60, 0, 0) );
dl( VERTEX2II(110, 60, 0, 0) );
dl( STENCIL_FUNC(EQUAL, 2, 255) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(100, 0, 0) );
dl( VERTEX2II(80, 60, 0, 0) );

Graphics context
The values of sfail and spass are part of the graphics context, as described in
section 4.1
See also
STENCIL_FUNC, STENCIL_MASK

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4.45 TAG
Attach the tag value for the following graphics objects drawn on the screen. The initial tag buffer
value is 255.
Encoding
31 24 23 8 7 0

0x03 Reserved s

Parameters
s
Tag value. Valid value range is from 1 to 255.
Description
The initial value of the tag buffer of the FT81X is specified by command CLEAR_TAG and
takes effect by issuing command CLEAR. The TAG command can specify the value of the tag
buffer of the FT81X that applies to the graphics objects when they are drawn on the screen. This
TAG value will be assigned to all the following objects, unless the TAG_MASK command is used to
disable it. Once the following graphics objects are drawn, they are attached with the tag value
successfully. When the graphics objects attached with the tag value are touched, the register
REG_TOUCH_TAG will be updated with the tag value of the graphics object being touched.
If there are no TAG commands in one display list, all the graphics objects rendered by the
display list will report the tag value as 255 in REG_TOUCH_TAG when they are touched.
Graphics context
The value of s is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
CLEAR_TAG, TAG_MASK

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4.46 TAG_MASK
Control the writing of the tag buffer
Encoding
31 24 23 1 0

mask
0x14 Reserved

Parameters
mask
Allow updates to the tag buffer. The initial value is one and it means the tag buffer of
the FT81X is updated with the value given by the TAG command. Therefore, the
following graphics objects will be attached to the tag value given by the TAG
command.
The value zero means the tag buffer of the FT81X is set as the default value, rather
than the value given by TAG command in the display list.
Description
Every graphics object drawn on screen is attached with the tag value which is defined
in the FT81X tag buffer. The FT81X tag buffer can be updated by the TAG command.
The default value of the FT81X tag buffer is determined by CLEAR_TAG and CLEAR
commands. If there is no CLEAR_TAG command present in the display list, the default
value in tag buffer shall be 0.
TAG_MASK command decides whether the FT81X tag buffer takes the value from the
default value of the FT81X tag buffer or the TAG command of the display list.
Graphics context
The value of mask is part of the graphics context, as described in section 4.1
See also
TAG, CLEAR_TAG, STENCIL_MASK, COLOR_MASK

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4.47 VERTEX2F
Start the operation of graphics primitives at the specified screen coordinate, in the pixel precision
defined by VERTEX_FORMAT.
Encoding

31 30 29 15 14 0

0x1 X Y

Parameters
X
Signed x-coordinate in units of pixel precision defined in command VERTEX_FORMAT,
which by default is 1/16 pixel precision.
Y
Signed y-coordinate in units of pixel precision defined in command VERTEX_FORMAT,
which by default is 1/16 pixel precision.
Description
The pixel precision depends on the value of VERTEX_FORMAT. The maximum range of
coordinates depends on pixel precision and is described in the VERTEX_FORMAT instruction.
Graphics context
None
See also
VERTEX_FORMAT

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4.48 VERTEX2II
Start the operation of graphics primitive at the specified coordinates in pixel precision.
Encoding

31 30 29 21 20 12 11 7 6 0

0x2 X Y handle cell

Parameters
x
x-coordinate in pixels, from 0 to 511.
y
y-coordinate in pixels, from 0 to 511.
handle
Bitmap handle. The valid range is from 0 to 31.
cell
Cell number. Cell number is the index of the bitmap with same bitmap layout and
format. For example, for handle 31, the cell 65 means the character "A" in built in font
31.
Description
The range of coordinates is from -16384 to +16383 in terms of single pixel unit. The handle
and cell parameters are ignored unless the graphics primitive is specified as bitmap by
command BEGIN, prior to this command.
Graphics context
None
See also
BITMAP_HANDLE, CELL

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4.49 VERTEX_FORMAT
Set the precision of VERTEX2F coordinates

Encoding

31 24 23 3 2 0

0x27 RESERVED frac

Parameters
frac
Number of fractional bits in X,Y coordinates. Valid range is from 0 to 4. The initial
value is 4.
Description
VERTEX2F uses 15 bit signed numbers for its (X,Y) coordinates. This command controls the
interpretation of these numbers by specifying the number of fractional bits.
By varying the format, an application can trade range against precision.

Table 9 VERTEX_FORMAT and pixel precision

frac Units in pixel precision VERTEX2F range in pixels

0 1 -16384 to 16383
1 1/2 -8192 to 8191

2 1/4 -4096 to 4095

3 1/8 -2048 to 2047

4 1/16 -1024 to 1023

Graphics context
The value of frac is part of the graphics context
See also
VERTEX_2F

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4.50 VERTEX_TRANSLATE_X
Specify the vertex transformation’s X translation component

Encoding

31 24 23 17 16 0

0x2B RESERVED x

Parameters
x
signed x-coordinate in 1/16 pixel. The initial value is 0
Description

Specifies the offset added to vertex X coordinates. This command allows drawing
to be shifted on the screen.
Graphics context
The value of x is part of the graphics context
See also
NONE

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4.51 VERTEX_TRANSLATE_Y
Specify the vertex transformation’s Y translation component
Encoding

31 24 23 17 16 0

0x2C RESERVED Y

Parameters
y
signed y-coordinate in 1/16 pixel. The initial value is 0
Description
Specifies the offset added to vertex Y coordinates. This command allows drawing
to be shifted on the screen.
Graphics context
The value of y is part of the graphics context
See also
NONE

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5 Co-Processor Engine

5.1 Command Interface

5.1.1 Circular Buffer

The co-processor engine is fed via a 4 Kbyte circular buffer in RAM_CMD. The host MCU writes co-
processor commands or display list commands into the circular buffer, and the co-processor engine
reads and executes the commands. The MCU updates the register REG_CMD_WRITE to indicate
that there are new commands in the circular buffer, and the co-processor engine updates
REG_CMD_READ after the commands have been executed. Therefore, when REG_CMD_WRITE
is equal to REG_CMD_READ, it indicates the circular buffer is empty and all the commands are
executed without error.

To compute the free space, the MCU can apply the following formula:
fullness = (REG_CMD_WRITE -REG_CMD_READ) mod 4096
free space = (4096 - 4) -fullness;
This calculation does not report 4096 bytes of free space, to prevent completely wrapping the
circular buffer and making it appear empty.
If enough space is available in the FIFO, the MCU writes the commands at the appropriate
location, and then updates REG_CMD_WRITE. To simplify the MCU code, the FT81X automatically
wraps continuous writes from the top address (RAM_CMD + 4095) back to the bottom address
(RAM_CMD + 0) if the starting address of a write transfer is within RAM_CMD.
FIFO entries are always 4 bytes wide - it is an error for either REG_CMD_READ or
REG_CMD_WRITE to have a value that is not a multiple of 4 bytes. Each command issued to the
co-processor engine may take 1 or more words: the length depends on the command itself, and
any appended data. Some commands are followed by variable-length data, so the command size

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may not be a multiple of 4 bytes. In this case the co-processor engine ignores the extra 1, 2 or 3
bytes and continues reading the next command at the following 4 byte boundary.

5.1.2 Auxiliary Registers

To offload work from the MCU for checking the free space in the circular buffer, the FT81X offers
two auxiliary registers “REG_CMDB_SPACE” and “REG_CMDB_WRITE” for bulk transfers. It
enables the MCU to write commands and data to the co-processor in a bulk transfer, without
computing the free space in the circular buffer and increasing the address. As long as the amount
of data to be transferred is less than the value in the register “REG_CMDB_SPACE”, the MCU is
able to safely write all the data to “REG_CMDB_WRITE” in one write transfer.

5.2 Widgets
The Co-Processor engine of FT81X provides pre-defined widgets for users to construct screen
designs easily. The picture below illustrates the commands to render widgets and effects.

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Figure 11: FT81X widget list

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5.2.1 Common Physical Dimensions

This section contains the common physical dimensions of the widgets, unless it is specified in the
widget introduction.
 All rounded corners have a radius that is computed from the font used for the widget
(curvature of lowercase 'o' character).
radius = font height * 3 / 16
 All 3D shadows are drawn with:
(1) highlight offset 0.5 pixels above and left of the object
(2) shadow offset 1.0 pixel below and right of the object.
 For widgets such as progress bar, scrollbar and slider, the output will be a vertical
widget in the case where width and height parameters are of same value.

5.2.2 Color Settings

Co-processor engine widgets are drawn with the color designated by the precedent commands:
CMD_FGCOLOR, CMD_BGCOLOR and COLOR_RGB. The co-processor engine will determine to
render the different areas of the widgets in different colors according to these commands.
Usually, CMD_FGCOLOR affects the interaction area of co-processor engine widgets if they are
designed for interactive UI elements, for example, CMD_BUTTON, CMD_DIAL. CMD_BGCOLOR
applies the background color of widgets with the color specified. Please see the table below for
more details.
Table 10 Widgets color setup table

Widget CMD_FGCOLOR CMD_BGCOLOR COLOR_RGB

CMD_TEXT NO NO YES
CMD_BUTTON YES NO YES(label)
YES(needle and
CMD_GAUGE NO YES
mark)
CMD_KEYS YES NO YES(text)
CMD_PROGRESS NO YES YES
CMD_SCROLLBAR YES(Inner bar) YES(Outer bar) NO
YES(Right bar of YES(Left bar of
CMD_SLIDER YES(Knob)
knob) knob)
CMD_DIAL YES(Knob) NO YES(Marker)
CMD_TOGGLE YES(Knob) YES(Bar) YES(Text)
CMD_NUMBER NO NO YES
CMD_CALIBRATE YES(Animating dot) YES(Outer dot) NO
CMD_SPINNER NO NO YES

5.2.3 Caveat
The behavior of widgets is not defined if the input parameter values are outside the valid range.

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5.3 Interaction with RAM_DL

If the co-processor command is to generate respective display list commands, the co-processor
engine will write them to RAM_DL. The current write location in RAM_DL is held in the register
REG_CMD_DL. Whenever the co-processor engine writes a word to the display list, it increments
REG_CMD_DL. The special command CMD_DLSTART sets REG_CMD_DL to zero, for the start
of a new display list.
All display list commands can also be written to the co-processor engine circular buffer. The co-
processor engine has the intelligence to differentiate and copy them into the current display list
location specified by REG_CMD_DL. For example, the following code snippet writes a small
display list:

cmd(CMD_DLSTART); // start a new display list

cmd(CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(255, 100, 100)); // set clear color
cmd(CLEAR(1, 1, 1)); // clear screen
cmd(DISPLAY()); // display

Of course, this display list could have been written directly to RAM_DL. The advantage of this
technique is that you can mix low-level operations and high level co-processor engine commands
in a single stream:

cmd(CMD_DLSTART); // start a new display list

cmd(CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(255, 100, 100)); // set clear color
cmd(CLEAR(1, 1, 1)); // clear screen
cmd_button(20, 20, // x, y
60, 60, // width, height in pixels
30, // font 30
0, // default options
"OK!");
cmd(DISPLAY()); // display

5.4 Synchronization
At some points, it is necessary to wait until the co-processor engine has processed all outstanding
commands. When the co-processor engine completes the last outstanding command in the
command buffer, it raises the INT_CMDEMPTY interrupt. Another approach to detecting
synchronization is that the MCU can poll REG_CMD_READ until it is equal to REG_CMD_WRITE.
One situation that requires synchronization is to read the value of REG_CMD_DL, when the MCU
needs to do direct writes into the display list. In this situation the MCU should wait until the co-
processor engine is idle before reading REG_CMD_DL.

5.5 ROM and RAM Fonts

In the FT81X, fonts are referring to bitmap-based fonts and used by the following co-processor
commands, indexed by bitmap handles 0 to 31:
 CMD_BUTTON
 CMD_KEYS
 CMD_TOGGLE
 CMD_TEXT
 CMD_NUMBER
Each font supports not more than 128 characters, with index from 0 to 127.

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5.5.1 Font Metrics Block

For each font, there is one 148-bytes font metrics block associated with it.
The format of the 148-bytes font metrics block is as below:
Table 11 FT81X Font metrics block format

Address Size Value

p+0 128 width of each font character, in pixels

p + 128 4 font bitmap format, for example L1,L2, L4 or L8

p + 132 4 font line stride, in bytes

p + 136 4 font width, in pixels

p + 140 4 font height, in pixels

p + 144 4 pointer to font graphic data in memory

For ROM fonts, these blocks are located in ROM, pointed to by a 32 bit address stored in
ROM_FONTROOT. In the FT81X, ROM_FONTROOT is defined as “0x2FFFFC”, which stores value
“0x201EE0”.
For RAM fonts, these blocks shall be located in RAM_G. Users can call
CMD_SETFONT/CMD_SETFONT2 to indicate to the FT81X co-processor engine the address of
these metrics blocks.

5.5.1.1 Example
To find the width of character 'g' (ASCII 0x67) in ROM font 34:
read 32-bit pointer p from ROM_FONTROOT
widths = p + (148 * (34 - 16)) (table starts at font 16)
read byte from memory at widths[0x67]

5.5.2 ROM Fonts (Built-in Fonts)

The FT81X has ROM to support built-in bitmap fonts. In total, there are 19 ROM fonts numbered
from 16 to 34.
By default, ROM fonts 16 to 31 are attached to bitmap handles 16 to 31 and users may use these
fonts by specifying bitmap handle from 16 to 31.
To use ROM font 32 to 34, the user needs to call CMD_ROMFONT to assign the bitmap handle with
the ROM font number. Refer to CMD_ROMFONT for more details.

For ROM fonts 16 to 34(except 17 and 19), each font includes 95 printable ASCII characters from
0x20 to 0x7E inclusive. All these characters are indexed by its corresponding ASCII value.

For ROM fonts 17 and 19, each font includes 127 printable ASCII characters from 0x80 to 0xFF,
inclusive. All these characters are indexed using value from 0x0 to 0x7F, i.e., code 0 maps to
ASCII character 0x80 and code 0x7F maps to ASCII character 0xFF. Users are required to handle
this mapping manually.

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The picture below shows the ROM font effects in the FT81X.

Figure 12: FT81X ROM Font List

5.5.3 RAM Fonts (Custom Fonts)

Users can define their own bitmap fonts in RAM_G by following the steps below:
1. Download bitmap data into RAM_G

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2. Set up bitmap parameters using display list commands

BITMAP_SOURCE\BITMAP_LAYOUT\BITMAP_SIZE or using the co-processor
command CMD_SETBITMAP.
3. Create and download the font metrics block in RAM_G. The address of the metrics
block must be 4 bytes aligned.
4. Use the command CMD_SETFONT or CMD_SETFONT2 to associate the new font
with the selected bitmap handle.

Note 1: It is mandatory to perform Step 2, if CMD_SETFONT is in use. Alternatively,

if CMD_SETFONT2 is in use, Step 2 is optional.

Note 2: CMD_SETFONT command is applicable for both FT80x and FT81x, whereas
CMD_SETFONT2 command is applicable only for FT81x.

5. Use the selected bitmap handle in any co-processor command font argument.

5.6 Fault Scenarios

Some commands can cause co-processor engine faults. These faults arise because the co-
processor engine cannot continue. For example:
 An invalid JPEG is supplied to CMD_LOADIMAGE
 An invalid data stream is supplied to CMD_INFLATE
 An attempt is made to write more than 2048 instructions into a display list
In the fault condition, the co-processor engine sets REG_CMD_READ to 0xfff (an illegal value
because all command buffer data shall be 32-bit aligned), raises the INT_CMDEMPTY interrupt,
and stops accepting new commands. When the host MCU recognizes the fault condition, it should
recover as follows:
 Set REG_CPURESET to 1, to hold the co-processor engine in the reset condition
 Set REG_CMD_READ and REG_CMD_WRITE to zero
 Set REG_CPURESET to 0, to restart the co-processor engine

5.7 Graphics State

The co-processor engine maintains a small amount of internal states for graphics drawing. This
state is set to the default at co-processor engine reset, and by CMD_COLDSTART. The state
values are not affected by CMD_DLSTART or CMD_SWAP, so an application need only set
them once at startup.
Table 12 Co-processor engine graphics state

State Default Commands

background color dark blue (0x002040) CMD_BGCOLOR

foreground color light blue (0x003870) CMD_FGCOLOR

gradient color white (0xffffff) CMD_GRADCOLOR

Spinner None CMD_SPINNER

object trackers all disabled CMD_TRACK

interrupt timer None CMD_INTERRUPT

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Bitmap transform matrix:

CMD_LOADIDENTITY,CMD_TRANSLATE,
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 1.0 0.0 0.0 CMD_ROTATE.
[ ] [ ]
𝐷 𝐸 𝐹 0.0 1.0 0.0

15 or any handle set by CMD_GRADCOLOR, CMD_KEYS,

Bitmap Handle CMD_SETSCRATCH CMD_BUTTON

base of number 10 CMD_SETBASE

Address is zero and length is
Media FIFO CMD_MIDEAFIFO, CMD_PLAYVIDEO
zero

5.8 Parameter “OPTION”

The following table defines the parameter “OPTION” mentioned in this chapter.
Table 13 Parameter OPTION definition

Name Value Description Commands

CMD_BUTTON,CMD_CLOCK,
CMD_KEYS,
OPT_3D 0 3D effect CMD_GAUGE,CMD_SLIDER, CMD_DIAL,
CMD_TOGGLE,CMD_PROGRESS,
CMD_SCROLLBAR

Decode the source

OPT_RGB565 0 image to RGB565 CMD_LOADIMAGE
format

Decode the source

JPEG image to L8
OPT_MONO 1 CMD_LOADIMAGE
format, i.e.,
monochrome

No display list
OPT_NODL 2 CMD_LOADIMAGE
commands generated

CMD_BUTTON,CMD_CLOCK,CMD_KEYS,
CMD_GAUGE,CMD_SLIDER, CMD_DIAL,
OPT_FLAT 256 No 3D effect
CMD_TOGGLE,CMD_PROGRESS,
CMD_SCROLLBAR

The number is
OPT_SIGNED 256 treated as a 32 bit CMD_NUMBER
signed integer

Horizontally-centred
OPT_CENTERX 512 CMD_KEYS,CMD_TEXT, CMD_NUMBER
style

Vertically centred
OPT_CENTERY 1024 CMD_KEYS,CMD_TEXT, CMD_NUMBER
style

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Name Value Description Commands

horizontally and
OPT_CENTER 1536 vertically centred CMD_KEYS,CMD_TEXT, CMD_NUMBER
style

OPT_RIGHTX 2048 Right justified style CMD_KEYS,CMD_TEXT, CMD_NUMBER

No background
OPT_NOBACK 4096 CMD_CLOCK, CMD_GAUGE
drawn
OPT_NOTICKS 8192 No Ticks CMD_CLOCK, CMD_GAUGE
No hour and minute
OPT_NOHM 16384 CMD_CLOCK
hands
OPT_NOPOINTER 16384 No pointer CMD_GAUGE

OPT_NOSECS 32768 No second hands CMD_CLOCK

OPT_NOHANDS 49152 No hands CMD_CLOCK

Synchronize video
updates to the
display blanking
OPT_NOTEAR 4 CMD_PLAYVIDEO
interval, avoiding
horizontal ”tearing”
artefacts.

zoom the video so

that it fills as much
OPT_FULLSCREEN 8 CMD_PLAYVIDEO
of the screen
as possible.

source video data

OPT_MEDIAFIFO 16 from the defined CMD_PLAYVIDEO
media FIFO

Decode the audio

OPT_SOUND 32 CMD_PLAYVIDEO
data

5.9 Resources Utilization

The co-processor engine does not change the state of the graphics engine. That is, graphics states
such as color and line width are not to be changed by the co-processor engine.
However, the widgets do reserve some hardware resources, which the user must take into
account:
 Bitmap handle 15 is used by the 3D-effect buttons, keys and gradient, unless it is set
to another bitmap handle using CMD_SETSCRATCH.
 One graphics context is used by objects, and the effective stack depth for
SAVE_CONTEXT and RESTORE_CONTEXT commands is 3 levels.

5.10 Command Groups

These commands begin and finish the display list:

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 CMD_DLSTART - start a new display list

 CMD_SWAP - swap the current display list
Commands to draw graphics objects:
 CMD_TEXT - draw text
 CMD_BUTTON - draw a button
 CMD_CLOCK - draw an analog clock
 CMD_BGCOLOR - set the background color
 CMD_FGCOLOR - set the foreground color
 CMD_GRADCOLOR – set up the highlight color used in 3D effects for CMD_BUTTON
and CMD_KEYS
 CMD_GAUGE - draw a gauge
 CMD_GRADIENT - draw a smooth color gradient
 CMD_KEYS - draw a row of keys
 CMD_PROGRESS - draw a progress bar
 CMD_SCROLLBAR - draw a scroll bar
 CMD_SLIDER - draw a slider
 CMD_DIAL - draw a rotary dial control
 CMD_TOGGLE - draw a toggle switch
 CMD_NUMBER - draw a decimal number
Commands to operate on memory:
 CMD_MEMCRC - compute a CRC-32 for memory
 CMD_MEMZERO - write zero to a block of memory
 CMD_MEMSET - fill RAM_G with a byte value
 CMD_MEMWRITE - write bytes into RAM_G
 CMD_MEMCPY - copy a block of RAM_G
 CMD_APPEND - append more commands to display list

Commands for loading image data into FT81X RAM_G:

 CMD_INFLATE - decompress data into memory
 CMD_LOADIMAGE - load a JPEG/PNG image

Commands for setting the bitmap transform matrix:

 CMD_LOADIDENTITY - set the current matrix to identity
 CMD_TRANSLATE - apply a translation to the current matrix
 CMD_SCALE - apply a scale to the current matrix
 CMD_ROTATE - apply a rotation to the current matrix
 CMD_SETMATRIX - write the current matrix as a bitmap transform
 CMD_GETMATRIX - retrieves the current matrix coefficients
Other commands:
 CMD_COLDSTART - set co-processor engine state to default values
 CMD_INTERRUPT - trigger interrupt INT_CMDFLAG
 CMD_REGREAD - read a register value
 CMD_CALIBRATE - execute the touch screen calibration routine
 CMD_ROMFONT – load a ROM font into bitmap handle
 CMD_SETROTATE - Rotate the screen and set up transform matrix accordingly
 CMD_SETBITMAP – Set up display list commands for specified bitmap
 CMD_SPINNER - start an animated spinner
 CMD_STOP - stop any spinner, screensaver or sketch
 CMD_SCREENSAVER - start an animated screensaver
 CMD_SKETCH - start a continuous sketch update
 CMD_SNAPSHOT - take a snapshot of the current screen

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 CMD_SNAPSHOT2 - take a snapshot of part of the current screen with more format
option
 CMD_LOGO - play device logo animation

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5.11 CMD_DLSTART - start a new display list

When the co-processor engine executes this command, it waits until the current display list is
scanned out, and then sets REG_CMD_DL to zero.
C prototype
void cmd_dlstart( );
Command layout

+0 CMD_DLSTART (0xffffff00)

Examples

cmd_dlstart();
//...
cmd_dlswap();

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5.12 CMD_SWAP - swap the current display list

When the co-processor engine executes this command, it requests a display list swap immediately
after the current display list is scanned out. Internally, the co-processor engine implements this
command by writing to REG_DLSWAP. Refer to the REG_DLSWAP Definition.
This co-processor engine command will not generate any display list command into display list
memory RAM_DL.
C prototype
void cmd_swap( );
Command layout
+0 CMD_DLSWAP(0xffffff01)

Examples
None

5.13 CMD_COLDSTART - set co-processor engine state to

default values
This command sets the co-processor engine to default reset states.
C prototype
void cmd_coldstart( );
Command layout
+0 CMD_COLDSTART(0xffffff32)

Examples
Change to a custom color scheme, and then restore the default colors:

cmd_fgcolor(0x00c040);
cmd_gradcolor(0x000000);
cmd_button( 2, 32, 76, 56, 26,0, "custom" );
cmd_coldstart();

cmd_button( 82, 32, 76, 56, 26,0, "default");

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5.14 CMD_INTERRUPT - trigger interrupt INT_CMDFLAG

When the co-processor engine executes this command, it triggers interrupt INT_CMDFLAG.
C prototype
void cmd_interrupt( uint32_t ms );
Parameters
ms
The delay before the interrupt triggers, in milliseconds. The interrupt is guaranteed not
to fire before this delay. If ms are zero, the interrupt fires immediately.
Command layout

+0 CMD_INTERRUPT(0xffffff02)

+4 Ms

Examples

//To trigger an interrupt after a JPEG has

finished loading:
cmd_loadimage();
//...
cmd_interrupt(0); // previous load image
complete, trigger interrupt

//To trigger an interrupt in 0.5 seconds:

cmd_interrupt(500);
//...

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5.15 CMD_APPEND - append more commands to current

display list
Appends more commands resident in RAM_G to the current display list memory address where the
offset is specified in REG_CMD_DL.

C prototype
void cmd_append( uint32_t ptr,
uint32_t num );
Parameters
ptr
Starting address of source commands in RAM_G
num
Number of bytes to copy. This must be a multiple of 4.
Command layout

+0 CMD_APPEND(0xffffff1e)

+4 ptr

+8 num

Description
After appending is done, the co-processor engine will increase the REG_CMD_DL by num to
make sure the display list is in order.
Examples

cmd_dlstart();
cmd_append(0, 40); // copy 10 commands from main memory address 0
cmd(DISPLAY); // finish the display list
cmd_swap();

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5.16 CMD_REGREAD - read a register value

C prototype
void cmd_regread( uint32_t ptr,
uint32_t result );
Parameters
ptr
Address of the register to be read
result
The register value to be read at ptr address.
Command layout
+0 CMD_REGREAD(0xffffff19)

+4 Ptr

+8 Result

Examples
//To capture the exact time when a command completes:
uint16_t x = rd16(REG_CMD_WRITE);
cmd_regread(REG_CLOCK, 0);
//...
printf("%08x\n", rd32(RAM_CMD + x + 8));

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5.17 CMD_MEMWRITE - write bytes into memory

Writes the following bytes into the FT81X memory. This command can be used to set register
values, or to update memory contents at specific times.
C prototype
void cmd_memwrite( uint32_t ptr,
uint32_t num );
Parameters
ptr
The memory address to be written
num
Number of bytes to be written.
Description
The data byte should immediately follow in the command buffer. If the number of bytes is not a
multiple of 4, then 1, 2 or 3 bytes should be appended to ensure 4-byte alignment of the next
command, these padding bytes can have any value. The completion of this function can be
detected when the value of REG_CMD_READ is equal to REG_CMD_WRITE.
Caution: if using this command, it may corrupt the memory of the FT81X if used improperly.
Command layout
+0 CMD_MEMWRITE(0xffffff1a)

+4 ptr

+8 Num

+12 Byte0

+13 Byte1

.. ..

+n ..

Examples

//To change the backlight brightness to 64 (half intensity) for a

particular screen shot:
//...
cmd_swap(); // finish the display list
cmd_dlstart(); // wait until after the swap
cmd_memwrite(REG_PWM_DUTY, 4); // write to the PWM_DUTY register
cmd(100);

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5.18 CMD_INFLATE - decompress data into memory

Decompress the following compressed data into RAM_G. The data should have been compressed
with the DEFLATE algorithm, e.g. with the ZLIB library. This is particularly useful for loading
graphics data.
C prototype
void cmd_inflate( uint32_t ptr );
Parameters
ptr
Destination address. The data byte should immediately follow in the command buffer.
Description
If the number of bytes is not a multiple of 4, then 1, 2 or 3 bytes should be
appended to ensure 4-byte alignment of the next command. These padding
bytes can have any value
Command layout
+0 CMD_INFLATE(0xffffff22)

+4 Ptr

+8 byte0

+9 byte1

.. ..

+n ..

Examples
To load graphics data to main memory address 0x8000:

cmd_inflate(0x8000);
// zlib-compressed data follows

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5.19 CMD_LOADIMAGE - load a JPEG or PNG image

Decompress the following JPEG or PNG image data into an FT81X bitmap, in RAM_G. The image
data should be in the following formats:
 Regular baseline JPEG (JFIF)
 PNG, except Adam-7 interlaced images
o Only bit-depth 8 is supported, bit-depths 1, 2, 4, and 16 are not.
The PNG standard defines several image color formats. Each format is loaded as a bitmap as
follows:
Grayscale loads as L8
Truecolor loads as RGB565
Indexed loads as PALETTED565 or PALETTED4444
Grayscale and alpha not supported
Truecolor and alpha loads as ARGB4

When loading indexed images, CMD_LOADIMAGE generates a PALETTE_SOURCE

instruction to the display list to specify the palette. CMD_LOADIMAGE uses PALETTED4444 if
the indexed image contains transparency, or PALETTED565 otherwise.

For JPEG images, the bitmap is loaded as either a RGB565 or L8 format bitmap, depending on the
original image. If OPT_MONO is given, L8 is used.
C prototype
void cmd_loadimage( uint32_t ptr,
uint32_t options );
Parameters
ptr
Destination address
Options
By default, the loaded bitmap is in RGB565 format. Option OPT_MONO
causes the bitmap to be monochrome, in L8 format. Option OPT_FULLSCREEN
causes the bitmap to be scaled so that it fills as much of the screen
as possible. If option OPT_MEDIAFIFO is given, the media FIFO is used
for the image data (see below). The command appends display list
commands to set the source, layout and size of the resulting image.
Option OPT_NODL prevents this - nothing is written to the display
list.
If OPT_MEDIAFIFO is not given, then the byte data should immediate follow
in the command buffer.
Description
The data byte should immediately follow in the command buffer if OPT_MEDIAFIFO is NOT set. If
the number of bytes is not a multiple of 4, then 1, 2 or 3 bytes should be appended to ensure 4-
byte alignment of the next command. These padding bytes can have any value.
The application on the host processor has to parse the JPEG/PNG header to get the properties of the JPEG/PNG
image and decide to decode.
Behavior is unpredictable in cases of non-baseline JPEG images or the output data generated is more than the
RAM_G size.

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Command layout

+0 CMD_LOADIMAGE(0xffffff24) Mandatory

+4 ptr Mandatory

+8 options Mandatory

+12 byte0 Option

+13 Byte1 Option

.. .. Option

+n .. Option

Examples
To load a JPEG image at address 0 then draw the bitmap at (10,20) and (100,20):
cmd_loadimage(0, 0);
... // JPEG file data follows
cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS))
cmd(VERTEX2II(10, 20, 0, 0)); // draw bitmap at (10,20)
cmd(VERTEX2II(100, 20, 0, 0)); // draw bitmap at (100,20)

5.20 CMD_MEDIAFIFO – set up a streaming media FIFO in

RAM_G
Sets up a streaming media FIFO in RAM_G.
C prototype
void cmd_mediafifo ( uint32_t ptr,
uint32_t size );
Parameters
ptr
starting address of memory block – It shall be 4 bytes aligned
size
number of bytes in the source memory block – It shall be 4 bytes aligned

Command layout

+0 CMD_MEDIAFIFO (0xffffff39)

+4 Ptr

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+8 Size

Examples
To set up a 64-Kbyte FIFO at the top of RAM_G for JPEG streaming,
and report the initial values of the read and write pointers:

cmd_mediafifo(0x100000 - 65536, 65536);//0x100000 is the top of RAM_G

printf("R=%08xW=%08x\n",rd32(REG_MEDIAFIFO_READ),rd32(REG_MEDIAFIFO_WRITE));

prints:
000f000 00f000

5.21 CMD_PLAYVIDEO – Video playback

Plays back MJPEG-encoded AVI video
C prototype
void cmd_playvideo (uint32_t opts);
Parameters
opts
OPT_FULLSCREEN: zoom the video so that it fills as much of the screen
as possible.
OPT_MEDIAFIFO: instead of sourcing the AVI video data
from the command buffer, source it from the media FIFO.
OPT_NOTEAR: Synchronize video updates to the display blanking interval, avoiding
horizontal ”tearing” artifacts.
OPT_SOUND: Decode the audio data encoded in the data following, if any.
data
The video data to be played. Optional when opts has OPT_MEDIAFIFO enabled.

Command layout

+0 CMD_PLAYVIDEO (0xffffff3a)

+4 Opts

+8~ +n Data

Data following parameter “opts” shall be padded to 4 bytes aligned with zero.
Note
For the audio data encoded into AVI video , three formats are supported:
4 Bit IMA ADPCM, 8 Bit signed PCM, 8 Bit u-Law
In addition, 16 Bit PCM is partially supported by dropping off less significant 8 bits in each audio
sample.

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Examples
To play back an AVI video, full-screen:

cmd_playvideo(OPT_FULLSCREEN | OPT_NOTEAR);
//... append AVI data ...

5.22 CMD_VIDEOSTART – initialize video frame decoder

Initializes the AVI video decoder. The video data should be supplied using the
media FIFO. This command processes the video header information from the
media FIFO, and completes when it has consumed it
C prototype
void cmd_videostart( );
Parameters
None
Command layout

+0 CMD_VIDEOSTART (0xffffff40)

Examples
To load frames of video at address 4:

videostart();
videoframe(4, 0);

5.23 CMD_VIDEOFRAME - load the next frame of video

Loads the next frame of video. The video data should be supplied in the
media FIFO. This command extracts the next frame of video from the media FIFO,
and completes when it has consumed it.
C prototype
void cmd_videoframe( uint32_t dst,
uint32_t ptr );
Parameters
dst
Main memory location to load the frame data
ptr
Completion pointer. The command writes the 32-bit word at this
location. It is set to 1 if there is at least one more frame available
in the video. 0 indicates that this is the last frame.
Command layout

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+0 CMD_VIDEOFRAME (0xffffff41)

+4 Dst

+8 Ptr

Examples
To load frames of video at address 4:

videostart();
do {
videoframe(4, 0);
//... display frame ...
} while (rd32(0) != 0);

5.24 CMD_MEMCRC - compute a CRC-32 for memory

Computes a CRC-32 for a block of FT81X memory
C prototype
void cmd_memcrc( uint32_t ptr,
uint32_t num,
uint32_t result );
Parameters
ptr
Starting address of the memory block
num
Number of bytes in the source memory block
result
Output parameter; written with the CRC-32 after command execution. The completion
of this function is detected when the value of REG_CMD_READ is equal to
REG_CMD_WRITE.

Command layout

+0 CMD_MEMCRC(0xffffff18)

+4 Ptr

+8 Num

+12 Result

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Examples
To compute the CRC-32 of the first 1K byte of FT81X memory, first record the value of
REG_CMD_WRITE, execute the command, wait for completion, then read the 32-bit value at
result:
uint16_t x = rd16(REG_CMD_WRITE);
cmd_crc(0, 1024, 0);
...
printf("%08x\n", rd32(RAM_CMD + x + 12));

5.25 CMD_MEMZERO - write zero to a block of memory

C prototype
void cmd_memzero( uint32_t ptr,
uint32_t num );
Parameters
ptr
Starting address of the memory block
num
Number of bytes in the memory block
The completion of this function is detected when the value of REG_CMD_READ is equal to
REG_CMD_WRITE.
Command layout

+0 CMD_MEMZERO(0xffffff1c)

+4 Ptr

+8 Num

Examples
To erase the first 1K of main memory:
cmd_memzero(0, 1024);

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5.26 CMD_MEMSET - fill memory with a byte value

C prototype
void cmd_memset( uint32_t ptr,
uint32_t value,
uint32_t num );

Parameters
ptr
Starting address of the memory block
value
Value to be written to memory
num
Number of bytes in the memory block
The completion of this function is detected when the value of REG_CMD_READ is equal to
REG_CMD_WRITE.

Command layout

+0 CMD_MEMSET(0xffffff1b)

+4 Ptr

+8 Value

+12 Num

Examples
To write 0xff the first 1K of main memory:
cmd_memset(0, 0xff, 1024);

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5.27 CMD_MEMCPY - copy a block of memory

C prototype
void cmd_memcpy( uint32_t dest,
uint32_t src,
uint32_t num );
Parameters
dest
address of the destination memory block
src
address of the source memory block
num
number of bytes to copy
Description
The completion of this function is detected when the value of REG_CMD_READ is equal to
REG_CMD_WRITE.
Command layout

+0 CMD_MEMCPY(0xffffff1d)

+4 dst

+8 src

+12 num

Examples
To copy 1K byte of memory from 0 to 0x8000:
cmd_memcpy(0x8000, 0, 1024);

5.28 CMD_BUTTON - draw a button

C prototype
void cmd_button( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t w,
int16_t h,
int16_t font,
uint16_t options,
const char* s );

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Parameters
x
x-coordinate of button top-left, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of button top-left, in pixels
font
bitmap handle to specify the font used in the button label. See ROM and RAM Fonts.
options
By default, the button is drawn with a 3D effect and the value is zero. OPT_FLAT
removes the 3D effect. The value of OPT_FLAT is 256.
s
button label. It must be one string terminated with null character, i.e. '\0' in C
language.
Description
Refer to Co-processor engine widgets physical dimensions for more information.
Command layout
+0 CMD_BUTTON(0xffffff0d)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 W

+10 H

+12 Font

+14 Options

+16 S

+17 ..

.. ..

+n 0

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Examples
A 140x100 pixel button with large text:

cmd_button(10, 10, 140, 100, 31, 0,

"Press!");

Without the 3D look:

cmd_button(10, 10, 140, 100, 31, OPT_FLAT,

"Press!");

Several smaller buttons:

cmd_button(10, 10, 50, 25, 26, 0, "One");

cmd_button(10, 40, 50, 25, 26, 0, "Two");
cmd_button(10, 70, 50, 25, 26, 0, "Three");

Changing button color

cmd_fgcolor(0xb9b900),
cmd_button(10, 10, 50, 25, 26, 0, "Banana");
cmd_fgcolor(0xb97300),
cmd_button(10, 40, 50, 25, 26, 0, "Orange");
cmd_fgcolor(0xb90007),
cmd_button(10, 70, 50, 25, 26, 0, "Cherry");

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5.29 CMD_CLOCK - draw an analog clock

C prototype
void cmd_clock( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t r,
uint16_t options,
uint16_t h,
uint16_t m,
uint16_t s,
uint16_t ms );
Parameters
x
x-coordinate of clock center, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of clock center, in pixels
options
By default the clock dial is drawn with a 3D effect and the name of this option is
OPT_3D. Option OPT_FLAT removes the 3D effect. With option OPT_NOBACK, the
background is not drawn. With option OPT_NOTICKS, the twelve hour ticks are not
drawn. With option OPT_NOSECS, the seconds hand is not drawn. With option
OPT_NOHANDS, no hands are drawn. With option OPT_NOHM, no hour and minutes
hands are drawn.
h
hours
m
minutes
s
seconds
ms
milliseconds

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Description
The details of the physical dimensions are:
 The 12 tick marks are placed on a circle of radius r*(200/256).
 Each tick is a point of radius r*(10/256)
 The seconds hand has length r*(200/256) and width r*(3/256)
 The minutes hand has length r*(150/256) and width r*(9/256)
 The hours hand has length r*(100/256) and width r*(12/256)
Refer to Co-processor engine widgets physical dimensions for more information.
Command layout

+0 CMD_CLOCK(0xffffff14)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 R

+10 Options

+12 H

+14 M

+16 S

+18 Ms

Examples
A clock with radius 50 pixels, showing a time of 8.15:

cmd_clock(80, 60, 50, 0, 8, 15, 0, 0);

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Setting the background color

cmd_bgcolor(0x401010);
cmd_clock(80, 60, 50, 0, 8, 15, 0, 0);

Without the 3D look:

cmd_clock(80, 60, 50, OPT_FLAT, 8, 15, 0,

0);

The time fields can have large values. Here the hours are (7 x 3600s) and minutes are (38 x
60s), and seconds is 59. Creating a clock face showing the time as 7.38.59:

cmd_clock(
80, 60, 50, 0,
0, 0, (7 * 3600) + (38 * 60) + 59, 0);

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No seconds hand:

cmd_clock(80, 60, 50, OPT_NOSECS, 8, 15, 0,

0);

No background:

cmd_clock(80, 60, 50, OPT_NOBACK, 8, 15,

0, 0);

No ticks:

cmd_clock(80, 60, 50, OPT_NOTICKS, 8, 15,

0, 0);

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No hands:

cmd_clock(80, 60, 50, OPT_NOHANDS, 8, 15,

0, 0);

5.30 CMD_FGCOLOR - set the foreground color

C prototype
void cmd_fgcolor( uint32_t c );
Parameters
c
New foreground color, as a 24-bit RGB number. Red is the most significant 8 bits, blue
is the least. So 0xff0000 is bright red. Foreground color is applicable for things that the
user can move such as handles and buttons ("affordances").
Command layout

+0 CMD_FGCOLOR(0xffffff0a)

+4 C

Examples

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The top scrollbar uses the default foreground color, the others with a changed color:

cmd_scrollbar(20, 30, 120, 8, 0, 10, 40, 100);

cmd_fgcolor(0x703800);
cmd_scrollbar(20, 60, 120, 8, 0, 30, 40, 100);
cmd_fgcolor(0x387000);
cmd_scrollbar(20, 90, 120, 8, 0, 50, 40, 100);

5.31 CMD_BGCOLOR - set the background color

C prototype
void cmd_bgcolor( uint32_t c );
Parameters
c
New background color, as a 24-bit RGB number. Red is the most significant 8 bits, blue
is the least. So 0xff0000 is bright red.
Background color is applicable for things that the user cannot move E.g. behind
gauges and sliders etc.
Command layout

+0 CMD_BGCOLOR(0xffffff09)

+4 C

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Examples
The top scrollbar uses the default background color, the others with a changed color:
cmd_scrollbar(20, 30, 120, 8, 0, 10, 40, 100);
cmd_bgcolor(0x402000);
cmd_scrollbar(20, 60, 120, 8, 0, 30, 40,
100);
cmd_bgcolor(0x202020);
cmd_scrollbar(20, 90, 120, 8, 0, 50, 40,
100);

5.32 CMD_GRADCOLOR - set the 3D button highlight color

C prototype
void cmd_gradcolor( uint32_t c );
Parameters
c
New highlight gradient color, as a 24-bit RGB number. Red is the most significant 8
bits, blue is the least. So 0xff0000 is bright red.
Gradient is supported only for Button and Keys widgets.
Command layout
+0 CMD_GRADCOLOR(0xffffff34)

+4 C

Examples
Changing the gradient color: white (the default), red, green and blue

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cmd_fgcolor(0x101010);
cmd_button( 2, 2, 76, 56, 31, 0, "W");
cmd_gradcolor(0xff0000);
cmd_button( 82, 2, 76, 56, 31, 0, "R");
cmd_gradcolor(0x00ff00);
cmd_button( 2, 62, 76, 56, 31, 0, "G");
cmd_gradcolor(0x0000ff);
cmd_button( 82, 62, 76, 56, 31, 0, "B");

The gradient color is also used for keys:

cmd_fgcolor(0x101010);
cmd_keys(10, 10, 140, 30, 26, 0, "abcde");
cmd_gradcolor(0xff0000);
cmd_keys(10, 50, 140, 30, 26, 0, "fghij");

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5.33 CMD_GAUGE - draw a gauge

C prototype
void cmd_gauge( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t r,
uint16_t options,
uint16_t major,
uint16_t minor,
uint16_t val,
uint16_t range );

Parameters
x
X-coordinate of gauge center, in pixels
y
Y-coordinate of gauge center, in pixels
r
Radius of the gauge, in pixels
options
By default the gauge dial is drawn with a 3D effect and the value of options is zero.
OPT_FLAT removes the 3D effect. With option OPT_NOBACK, the background is not
drawn. With option OPT_NOTICKS, the tick marks are not drawn. With option
OPT_NOPOINTER, the pointer is not drawn.

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major
Number of major subdivisions on the dial, 1-10
minor
Number of minor subdivisions on the dial, 1-10

val
Gauge indicated value, between 0 and range, inclusive
range
Maximum value
Description
The details of physical dimension are:
 The tick marks are placed on a 270 degree arc, clockwise starting at south-west
position
 Minor ticks are lines of width r*(2/256), major r*(6/256)
 Ticks are drawn at a distance of r*(190/256) to r*(200/256)
 The pointer is drawn with lines of width r*(4/256), to a point r*(190/256)from the
center
 The other ends of the lines are each positioned 90 degrees perpendicular to the
pointer direction, at a distance r*(3/256) from the center

Refer to Co-processor engine widgets physical dimensions for more information.

Command layout

+0 CMD_GAUGE(0xffffff13)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 R

+10 Options

+12 Major

+14 Minor

+16 Value

+18 Range

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Examples
A gauge with radius 50 pixels, five divisions of four ticks each, indicates 30%:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, 0, 5, 4, 30, 100);

Without the 3D look:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, OPT_FLAT, 5, 4, 30,

100);

Ten major divisions with two minor divisions each:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, 0, 10, 2, 30, 100);

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Setting the minor divisions to 1 makes them disappear:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, 0, 10, 1, 30, 100);

Setting the major divisions to 1 gives minor division only:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, 0, 1, 10, 30, 100);

A smaller gauge with a brown background:

cmd_bgcolor(0x402000);
cmd_gauge(80, 60, 25, 0, 5, 4, 30, 100);

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Scale 0-1000, indicating 1000:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, 0, 5, 2, 1000, 1000);

Scaled 0-65535, indicating 49152:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, 0, 4, 4, 49152,

65535);

No background:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, OPT_NOBACK, 4, 4,

49152, 65535);

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No tick marks:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, OPT_NOTICKS, 4, 4,

49152, 65535);

No pointer:

cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, OPT_NOPOINTER, 4,

4, 49152, 65535);

Drawing the gauge in two passes, with bright red for the pointer:

GAUGE_0 = OPT_NOPOINTER;
GAUGE_1 = OPT_NOBACK | OPT_NOTICKS;
cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, GAUGE_0, 4, 4,
49152, 65535);
cmd(COLOR_RGB(255, 0, 0));
cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, GAUGE_1, 4, 4,
49152, 65535);

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Add a custom graphic to the gauge by drawing its background, a bitmap, and then its foreground:

GAUGE_0 = OPT_NOPOINTER |
OPT_NOTICKS;
GAUGE_1 = OPT_NOBACK;
cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, GAUGE_0, 4, 4,
49152, 65535);
cmd(COLOR_RGB(130, 130, 130));
cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd(VERTEX2II(80 - 32, 60 -32, 0, 0));
cmd(COLOR_RGB(255, 255, 255));
cmd_gauge(80, 60, 50, GAUGE_1, 4, 4,
49152, 65535);

5.34 CMD_GRADIENT - draw a smooth color gradient

C prototype
void cmd_gradient( int16_t x0,
int16_t y0,
uint32_t rgb0,
int16_t x1,
int16_t y1,
uint32_t rgb1 );

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Parameters
x0
x-coordinate of point 0, in pixels
y0
y-coordinate of point 0, in pixels
rgb0
Color of point 0, as a 24-bit RGB number. R is the most significant8 bits, B is the least.
So 0xff0000 is bright red.
x1
x-coordinate of point 1, in pixels
y1
y-coordinate of point 1, in pixels
rgb1
Color of point 1
Description
All the color's step values are calculated based on smooth curve interpolated from the RGB0
to RGB1 parameter. The smooth curve equation is independently calculated for all three colors
and the equation used is R0 + t * (R1 - R0), where it is interpolated between 0 and 1.
Gradient must be used with Scissor function to get the intended gradient display.
Command layout

+0 CMD_GRAGIENT(0xffffff0b)

+4 X0

+6 Yo

+8 RGB0

+12 X1

+14 Y1

+16 RGB1

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Examples
A horizontal gradient from blue to red

cmd_gradient(0, 0, 0x0000ff, 160, 0,

0xff0000);

A vertical gradient

cmd_gradient(0, 0, 0x808080, 0, 120,

0x80ff40);

The same colors in a diagonal gradient

cmd_gradient(0, 0, 0x808080, 160, 120,

0x80ff40);

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Using a scissor rectangle to draw a gradient stripe as a background for a title:

cmd(SCISSOR_XY(20, 40));
cmd(SCISSOR_SIZE(120, 32));
cmd_gradient(20, 0, 0x606060, 140, 0,
0x404080);
cmd_text(23, 40, 29, 0, "Heading 1");

5.35 CMD_KEYS - draw a row of keys

C prototype
void cmd_keys( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t w,
int16_t h,
int16_t font,
uint16_t options,
const char* s );

Parameters
x
x-coordinate of keys top-left, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of keys top-left, in pixels
font
Bitmap handle to specify the font used in key label. The valid range is from 0 to 31

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options
By default the keys are drawn with a 3D effect and the value of option is zero.
OPT_FLAT removes the 3D effect. If OPT_CENTER is given the keys are drawn at
minimum size centered within the w x h rectangle. Otherwise the keys are expanded
so that they completely fill the available space. If an ASCII code is specified, that key
is drawn 'pressed' - i.e. in background color with any 3D effect removed.
w
The width of the keys
h
The height of the keys
s
key labels, one character per key. The TAG value is set to the ASCII value of each key,
so that key presses can be detected using the REG_TOUCH_TAG register.

Description
The details of physical dimension are:
 The gap between keys is 3 pixels
 For OPT_CENTERX case, the keys are (font width + 1.5) pixels wide, otherwise keys
are sized to fill available width
Refer to Co-processor engine widgets physical dimensions for more information.

Command layout

+0 CMD_KEYS(0xffffff0e)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 W

+10 H

+12 Font

+14 Options

+16 S

.. ..

+n 0

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Examples
A row of keys:

cmd_keys(10, 10, 140, 30, 26, 0, "12345");

Without the 3D look:

cmd_keys(10, 10, 140, 30, 26, OPT_FLAT,

"12345");

Default vs. centered:

cmd_keys(10, 10, 140, 30, 26, 0, "12345");

cmd_keys(10, 60, 140, 30, 26, OPT_CENTER,
"12345");

Setting the options to show '2' key pressed ('2' is ASCII code 0x32):

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cmd_keys(10, 10, 140, 30, 26, 0x32,

"12345");

A calculator-style keyboard using font 29:

cmd_keys(22, 1, 116, 28, 29, 0, "789");

cmd_keys(22, 31, 116, 28, 29, 0, "456");
cmd_keys(22, 61, 116, 28, 29, 0, "123");
cmd_keys(22, 91, 116, 28, 29, 0, "0.");

A compact keyboard drawn in font 20:

cmd_keys(2, 2, 156, 21, 20, OPT_CENTER,

"qwertyuiop");
cmd_keys(2, 26, 156, 21, 20, OPT_CENTER,
"asdfghijkl");
cmd_keys(2, 50, 156, 21, 20, OPT_CENTER,
"zxcvbnm");
cmd_button(2, 74, 156, 21, 20, 0, "");

Showing the f (ASCII 0x66) key pressed:

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k = 0x66;
cmd_keys(2, 2, 156, 21, 20, k |
OPT_CENTER, "qwertyuiop");
cmd_keys(2, 26, 156, 21, 20, k |
OPT_CENTER, "asdfghijkl");
cmd_keys(2, 50, 156, 21, 20, k |
OPT_CENTER, "zxcvbnm");
cmd_button(2, 74, 156, 21, 20, 0, "");

5.36 CMD_PROGRESS - draw a progress bar

C prototype
void cmd_progress( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t w,
int16_t h,
uint16_t options,
uint16_t val,
uint16_t range );
Parameters
x
x-coordinate of progress bar top-left, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of progress bar top-left, in pixels
w
width of progress bar, in pixels

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h
height of progress bar, in pixels
options
By default the progress bar is drawn with a 3D effect and the value of options is zero.
Options OPT_FLAT remove the 3D effect and its value is 256
val
Displayed value of progress bar, between 0 and range inclusive
range
Maximum value
Description
The details of physical dimensions are
 x,y,w,h give outer dimensions of progress bar. Radius of bar (r) is min(w,h)/2
 Radius of inner progress line is r*(7/8)
Refer to Co-processor engine widgets physical dimensions for more information.
Command layout

+0 CMD_PROGRESS(0xffffff0f)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 W

+10 H

+12 options

+14 val

+16 range

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Examples
A progress bar showing 50% completion:

cmd_progress(20, 50, 120, 12, 0, 50, 100);

Without the 3D look:

cmd_progress(20, 50, 120, 12, OPT_FLAT, 50,

100);

A 4 pixel high bar, range 0-65535, with a brown background:

cmd_bgcolor(0x402000);
cmd_progress(20, 50, 120, 4, 0, 9000,
65535);

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5.37 CMD_SCROLLBAR – draw a scroll bar

C prototype
void cmd_scrollbar( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t w,
int16_t h,
uint16_t options,
uint16_t val,
uint16_t size,
uint16_t range );

Parameters
x
x-coordinate of scroll bar top-left, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of scroll bar top-left, in pixels
w
Width of scroll bar, in pixels. If width is greater than height, the scroll bar is drawn
horizontally
h
Height of scroll bar, in pixels. If height is greater than width, the scroll bar is drawn
vertically
options
By default the scroll bar is drawn with a 3D effect and the value of options is zero.
Options OPT_FLAT remove the 3D effect and its value is 256
val
Displayed value of scroll bar, between 0 and range inclusive

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range
Maximum value
Description
Refer to CMD_PROGRESS for more information on physical dimension.
Command layout

+0 CMD_SCROLLBAR(0xffffff11)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 W

+10 H

+12 options

+14 val

+16 Size

+18 Range

Examples
A scroll bar indicating 10-50%:

cmd_scrollbar(20, 50, 120, 8, 0, 10, 40, 100);

Without the 3D look:

cmd_scrollbar(20, 50, 120, 8, OPT_FLAT, 10,

40, 100);

A brown-themed vertical scroll bar:

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cmd_bgcolor(0x402000);
cmd_fgcolor(0x703800);
cmd_scrollbar(140, 10, 8, 100, 0, 10, 40,
100);

5.38 CMD_SLIDER – draw a slider

C prototype
void cmd_slider( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t w,
int16_t h,
uint16_t options,
uint16_t val,
uint16_t range );

Parameters
x
x-coordinate of slider top-left, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of slider top-left, in pixels
w

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width of slider, in pixels. If width is greater than height, the scroll bar is drawn
horizontally
h
height of slider, in pixels. If height is greater than width, the scroll bar is drawn
vertically
options
By default the slider is drawn with a 3D effect. OPT_FLAT removes the 3D effect
val
Displayed value of slider, between 0 and range inclusive
range
Maximum value
Description
Refer to CMD_PROGRESS for more information on physical Dimension.
Command layout
+0 CMD_SLIDER(0xffffff10)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 W

+10 H

+12 options

+14 val

+16 Range

Examples
A slider set to 50%:

cmd_slider(20, 50, 120, 8, 0, 50, 100);

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Without the 3D look:

cmd_slider(20, 50, 120, 8, OPT_FLAT, 50,

100);

A brown-themed vertical slider with range 0-65535:

cmd_bgcolor(0x402000);
cmd_fgcolor(0x703800);
cmd_slider(76, 10, 8, 100, 0, 20000, 65535);

5.39 CMD_DIAL – draw a rotary dial control

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C prototype
void cmd_dial( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t r,
uint16_t options,
uint16_t val );
Parameters
x
x-coordinate of dial center, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of dial center, in pixels
r
radius of dial, in pixels.
Options
By default the dial is drawn with a 3D effect and the value of options is zero. Options
OPT_FLAT remove the 3D effect and its value is 256
val
Specify the position of dial points by setting value between 0 and 65535 inclusive. 0
means that the dial points straight down, 0x4000 left, 0x8000 up, and0xc000 right.

Description
The details of physical dimension are
 The marker is a line of width r*(12/256), drawn at a distance r*(140/256)to
r*(210/256) from the center

Refer to Co-processor engine widgets physical dimensions for more information.

Command layout
+0 CMD_DIAL(0xffffff2d)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 r

+10 options

+12 val

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Examples
A dial set to 50%:

cmd_dial(80, 60, 55, 0, 0x8000);

Without the 3D look:

cmd_dial(80, 60, 55, OPT_FLAT, 0x8000);

Dials set to 0%, 33% and 66%:

cmd_dial(28, 60, 24, 0, 0x0000);

cmd_text(28, 100, 26, OPT_CENTER, “0%”);
cmd_dial(80, 60, 24, 0, 0x5555);
cmd_text(80, 100, 26, OPT_CENTER, “33%”);
cmd_dial(132, 60, 24, 0, 0xaaaa);
cmd_text(132, 100, 26, OPT_CENTER,
“66%”);

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5.40 CMD_TOGGLE – draw a toggle switch

C prototype
void cmd_toggle( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t w,
int16_t font,
uint16_t options,
uint16_t state,
const char* s );

Parameters
x
x-coordinate of top-left of toggle, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of top-left of toggle, in pixels
w
width of toggle, in pixels
font
font to use for text, 0-31. See ROM and RAM Fonts
options
By default the toggle is drawn with a 3D effect and the value of options is zero.
Options OPT_FLAT remove the 3D effect and its value is 256
state
state of the toggle: 0 is off, 65535 is on.

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S
String label for toggle. A character value of 255 (in C it can be written as \xff)
separates the two labels.

Description
The details of physical dimension are:
 Widget height (h) is font height * 20/16 pixel
 Outer bar radius (r) is font height * (10/16)
 Knob radius is r-1.5 pixel, where r is the outer bar radius above.
 The center of outer bar 's left round head is at (x, y + r/2) coordinate.
Refer to Co-processor engine widgets physical dimensions for more information.
Command layout

+0 CMD_TOGGLE(0xffffff12)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 W

+10 Font

+12 Options

+14 State

+16 S

.. ..

.. 0

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Examples
Using a medium font, in the two states

cmd_toggle(60, 20, 33, 27, 0, 0, “no” “ \xff”

“yes”);
cmd_toggle(60, 60, 33, 27, 0, 65535, “no”
“\xff" “yes”);

Without the 3D look

cmd_toggle(60, 20, 33, 27, OPT_FLAT, 0, “no”

“\xff” “yes”);
cmd_toggle(60, 60, 33, 27, OPT_FLAT, 65535,
“no” “\xff” “yes”);

With different background and foreground colors:

cmd_bgcolor(0x402000);
cmd_fgcolor(0x703800);
cmd_toggle(60, 20, 33, 27, 0, 0, “no” “\xff”
“yes”);
cmd_toggle(60, 60, 33, 27, 0, 65535, “no”
“\xff” “yes”);

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5.41 CMD_TEXT - draw text

C prototype
void cmd_text( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t font,
uint16_t options,
const char* s );

Parameters
x
x-coordinate of text base, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of text base, in pixels
font
Font to use for text, 0-31. See ROM and RAM Fonts
options
By default (x,y) is the top-left pixel of the text and the value of options is zero.
OPT_CENTERX centers the text horizontally, OPT_CENTERY centers it vertically.
OPT_CENTER centers the text in both directions.
OPT_RIGHTX right-justifies the text, so that the x is the rightmost pixel.
Text string
The text string itself which should be terminated by a null character (ASCII code
0x0)

Command layout

+0 CMD_TEXT(0xffffff0c)

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+4 X

+6 Y

+8 Font

+10 Options

+12 S

.. ..

.. 0 (null character to terminate string)

Examples
Plain text at (0,0) in the largest font:

cmd_text(0, 0, 31, 0, “Text!”);

Using a smaller font:

cmd_text(0, 0, 26, 0, “Text!”);

Centered horizontally:

cmd_text(80, 60, 31, OPT_CENTERX, “Text!”);

Right-justified:

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cmd_text(80, 60, 31, OPT_RIGHTX, “Text!”);

Centered vertically:

cmd_text(80, 60, 31, OPT_CENTERY, “Text!”);

Centered both horizontally and vertically:

cmd_text(80, 60, 31, OPT_CENTER, “Text!”);

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5.42 CMD_SETBASE – Set the base for number output

C prototype
void cmd_setbase( uint32_t b );
Parameters
b
Numeric base, valid values are from 2 to 36, examples are : 2 for binary, 8 for octal,
10 for decimal, 16 for hexadecimal.
Description
Set up numeric base for CMD_NUMBER
Command layout
+0 CMD_SETBASE(0xffffff38)

+4 b

Examples
The number 123456 displayed in decimal, hexadecimal and binary:

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cmd_number(80, 30, 28, OPT_CENTER, 123456);

cmd_setbase(16);
cmd_number(80, 60, 28, OPT_CENTER, 123456);
cmd_setbase(2);
cmd_number(80, 90, 26, OPT_CENTER, 123456);

5.43 CMD_NUMBER - draw number

C prototype
void cmd_number( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t font,
uint16_t options,
int32_t n );
Parameters
x
x-coordinate of text base, in pixels
y

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y-coordinate of text base, in pixels

font
font to use for text, 0-31. See ROM and RAM Fonts
options
By default (x,y) is the top-left pixel of the text. OPT_CENTERX centers the text
horizontally, OPT_CENTERY centers it vertically. OPT_CENTER centers the text in both
directions. OPT_RIGHTX right-justifies the text, so that the x is the rightmost pixel. By
default the number is displayed with no leading zeroes, but if a width 1-9 is specified
in the options, then the number is padded if necessary with leading zeroes so that it
has the given width. If OPT_SIGNED is given, the number is treated as signed, and
prefixed by a minus sign if negative.
n
The number to display, is either unsigned or signed 32-bit, in the base specified in the
preceding CMD_SETBASE. If no CMD_SETBASE appears before CMD_NUMBER, it will
be in decimal base.
Command layout
+0 CMD_NUMBER(0xffffff2e)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 Font

+10 Options

+12 n

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Examples
A number:

cmd_number(20, 60, 31, 0, 42);

Centered:

cmd_number(80, 60, 31, OPT_CENTER, 42);

Signed output of positive and negative numbers:

cmd_number(20, 20, 31, OPT_SIGNED, 42);

cmd_number(20, 60, 31, OPT_SIGNED, -42);

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Forcing width to 3 digits, right-justified

cmd_number(150, 20, 31, OPT_RIGHTX | 3, 42);

cmd_number(150, 60, 31, OPT_SIGNED | OPT_RIGHTX |
3, -1);

5.44 CMD_LOADIDENTIY - Set the current matrix to the

identity matrix
This command instructs the co-processor engine of the FT81X to set the current matrix to the
identity matrix, so that the co-processor engine is able to form the new matrix as requested by
CMD_SCALE, CMD_ROTATE,CMD_TRANSLATE command.
For more information on the identity matrix, refer to the Bitmap Transformation Matrix section.

C prototype
void cmd_loadidentity( );
Command layout
+0 CMD_LOADIDENTITY(0xffffff26)

5.45 CMD_SETMATRIX - write the current matrix to the

display list
The co-processor engine assigns the value of the current matrix to the bitmap transform matrix of
the graphics engine by generating display list commands, i.e., BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A-F. After
this command, the following bitmap rendering operation will be affected by the new transform
matrix.

C prototype
void cmd_setmatrix( );
Command layout
+0 CMD_SETMATRIX(0xffffff2a)

Parameter
None

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5.46 CMD_GETMATRIX - retrieves the current matrix

coefficients
Retrieves the current matrix within the context of the co-processor engine. Note the matrix within the context
of the co-processor engine will not apply to the bitmap transformation until it is passed to the graphics engine
through CMD_SETMATRIX.
C prototype
void cmd_getmatrix( int32_t a,
int32_t b,
int32_t c,
int32_t d,
int32_t e,
int32_t f );
Parameters
a
output parameter; written with matrix coefficient a. See the parameter of the command
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_A for formatting.
b
output parameter; written with matrix coefficient b. See the parameter b of the command
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_B for formatting.
c
output parameter; written with matrix coefficient c. See the parameter c of the command
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_C for formatting.

d
output parameter; written with matrix coefficient d. See the parameter d of the command
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_D for formatting.

e
output parameter; written with matrix coefficient e. See the parameter e of the command
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_E for formatting.

f
output parameter; written with matrix coefficient f. See the parameter f of the command
BITMAP_TRANSFORM_F for formatting.
Command layout

+0 CMD_GETMATRIX(0xffffff33)

+4 A

+8 B

+12 C

+16 D

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+20 E

+24 F

5.47 CMD_GETPTR - get the end memory address of data

inflated by CMD_INFLATE
C prototype
void cmd_getptr( uint32_t result
);
Parameters
result
The end address of decompressed data done by CMD_INFLATE.
The starting address of decompressed data was specified by CMD_INFLATE,
while the end address of decompressed data can be retrieved by this command.
It is one out parameter and requires a single dummy parameter input of any value to run.
This input value is then replaced with the actual result by the FT81x device in the same
FIFO location. After execution of this command the user must read the FIFO location to
obtain the result.
Command layout
+0 CMD_GETPTR (0xffffff23)

+4 result

Examples

cmd_inflate(1000); //Decompress the data into RAM_G + 1000

...... //Following the zlib compressed data
While(rd16(REG_CMD_WRITE) != rd16(REG_CMD_READ)); //Wait till the compression was
done

uint16_t x = rd16(REG_CMD_WRITE);
uint32_t ending_address = 0;
cmd_getptr(0);
ending_address = rd32(RAM_CMD + x + 4);

Code snippet 11 CMD_GETPTR command example

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5.48 CMD_GETPROPS - get the image properties

decompressed by CMD_LOADIMAGE
C prototype
void cmd_getprops( uint32_t ptr, uint32_t width, uint32_t height);
Parameters
ptr
The address of the image in RAM_G which was decompressed by the last
CMD_LOADIMAGE before this command.
It is an output parameter.
width
The width of the image which was decompressed by the last CMD_LOADIMAGE before
this command.
It is an output parameter.
height
The height of the image which was decompressed by the last CMD_LOADIMAGE
before this command.
It is an output parameter.
Command layout
+0 CMD_GETPROPS (0xffffff25)

+4 ptr

+8 width

+12 height

Description
This command is used to retrieve the properties of the image which is decompressed by
CMD_LOADIMAGE. Respective image properties are updated by the coprocessor after this
command is executed successfully.
Examples
Please refer to the CMD_GETPTR

5.49 CMD_SCALE - apply a scale to the current matrix

C prototype
void cmd_scale( int32_t sx,
int32_t sy );
Parameters
sx
x scale factor, in signed 16. 16 bit fixed-point form.
sy

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y scale factor, in signed 16. 16 bit fixed-point form.

Command layout
+0 CMD_SCALE(0xffffff28)

+4 sx

+8 sy

Examples
To zoom a bitmap 2X:

cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd_loadidentity();
cmd_scale(2 * 65536, 2 * 65536);
cmd_setmatrix();
cmd(VERTEX2II(68, 28, 0, 0));

To zoom a bitmap 2X around its center:

cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd_loadidentity();
cmd_translate(65536 * 32, 65536 * 32);
cmd_scale(2 * 65536, 2 * 65536);
cmd_translate(65536 * -32, 65536 * -32);
cmd_setmatrix();
cmd(VERTEX2II(68, 28, 0, 0));

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5.50 CMD_ROTATE - apply a rotation to the current matrix

C prototype
void cmd_rotate( int32_t a );
Parameters
a
Clockwise rotation angle, in units of 1/65536 of a circle
Command layout
+0 CMD_ROTATE(0xffffff29)

+4 a

Examples
To rotate the bitmap clockwise by 10 degrees with respect to the top left of the bitmap:

cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd_loadidentity();
cmd_rotate(10 * 65536 / 360);
cmd_setmatrix();
cmd(VERTEX2II(68, 28, 0, 0));

To rotate the bitmap counter clockwise by 33

degrees wrt top left of the bitmap:

cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd_loadidentity();
cmd_rotate(-33 * 65536 / 360);
cmd_setmatrix();
cmd(VERTEX2II(68, 28, 0, 0));

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Rotating a 64 x 64 bitmap around its center:

cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd_loadidentity();
cmd_translate(65536 * 32, 65536 * 32);
cmd_rotate(90 * 65536 / 360);
cmd_translate(65536 * -32, 65536 * -32);
cmd_setmatrix();
cmd(VERTEX2II(68, 28, 0, 0));

5.51 CMD_TRANSLATE - apply a translation to the current

matrix
C prototype
void cmd_translate( int32_t tx,
int32_t ty );
Parameters
tx
x translate factor, in signed 16.16 bit fixed-point form.
ty
y translate factor, in signed 16.16 bit fixed-point form.
Command layout
+0 CMD_TRANSLATE(0xffffff27)

+4 Tx

+8 Ty

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Examples
To translate the bitmap 20 pixels to the right:

cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd_loadidentity();
cmd_translate(20 * 65536, 0);
cmd_setmatrix();
cmd(VERTEX2II(68, 28, 0, 0));

To translate the bitmap 20 pixels to the left:

cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd_loadidentity();
cmd_translate(-20 * 65536, 0);
cmd_setmatrix();
cmd(VERTEX2II(68, 28, 0, 0));

5.52 CMD_CALIBRATE - execute the touch screen calibration

routine
The calibration procedure collects three touches from the touch screen, then computes and loads
an appropriate matrix into REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_A-F. To use the function, create a display
list and include CMD_CALIBRATE. The co-processor engine overlays the touch targets on the
current display list, gathers the calibration input and updates REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_A-F.
Please note that this command only applies to RTE and compatibility mode of CTE.
C prototype
void cmd_calibrate( uint32_t result );
Parameters
result
output parameter; written with 0 on failure of calibration.

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Description
The completion of this function is detected when the value of REG_CMD_READ is equal to
REG_CMD_WRITE.
Command layout

+0 CMD_CALIBRATE(0xffffff15)

+4 Result

Examples

cmd_dlstart();
cmd(CLEAR(1,1,1));
cmd_text(80, 30, 27, OPT_CENTER, "Please tap on the dot");
cmd_calibrate();

Code snippet 12 CMD_CALIBRATE example

5.53 CMD_SETROTATE – Rotate the screen

C prototype
void cmd_setrotate( uint32_t r );
Parameters
r
The value from 0 to 7. The same definition as the value in REG_ROTATE. Refer to the section
Rotation to understand more.
Description
CMD_SETROTATE sets REG_ROTATE to the given value, causing the screen to
rotate. It also appropriately adjusts the touch transform matrix so that coordinates of touch points are
adjusted to rotated coordinate system.
Command layout

+0 CMD_SETROTATE (0xffffff36)

+4 R

Examples

cmd_setrotate(2); //Put the display in portrait mode

Code snippet 13 CMD_SETROTATE example

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5.54 CMD_SPINNER - start an animated spinner

The spinner is an animated overlay that shows the user that some task is continuing. To trigger
the spinner, create a display list and then use CMD_SPINNER. The co-processor engine overlays
the spinner on the current display list, swaps the display list to make it visible, then continuously
animates until it receives CMD_STOP. REG_MACRO_0 and REG_MACRO_1 registers are utilized to
perform the animation kind of effect. The frequency of point’s movement is with respect to the
display frame rate configured.
Typically for 480x272 display panels the display rate is ~60fps. For style 0 and 60fps, the point
repeats the sequence within 2 seconds. For style 1 and 60fps, the point repeats the sequence
within 1.25 seconds. For style 2 and 60fps, the clock hand repeats the sequence within 2 seconds.
For style 3 and 60fps, the moving dots repeat the sequence within 1 second.
Note that only one of CMD_SKETCH, CMD_SCREENSAVER, or CMD_SPINNER can be active at
one time.

C prototype
void cmd_spinner( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
uint16_t style,
uint16_t scale );
Command layout
+0 CMD_SPINNER(0xffffff16)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 Style

+10 Scale

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Parameters
X
The X coordinate of top left of spinner
Y
The Y coordinate of top left of spinner
Style
The style of spinner. Valid range is from 0 to 3.
Scale
The scaling coefficient of spinner. 0 means no scaling.
Examples
Create a display list, then start the spinner:

cmd_dlstart();
cmd(CLEAR(1,1,1));
cmd_text(80, 30, 27, OPT_CENTER, "Please
wait...");
cmd_spinner(80, 60, 0, 0);

Spinner style 0, a circle of dots:

cmd_spinner(80, 60, 0, 0);

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Style 1, a line of dots:

cmd_spinner(80, 60, 1, 0);

Style 2, a rotating clock hand:

cmd_spinner(80, 60, 2, 0);

Style 3, two orbiting dots:

cmd_spinner(80, 60, 3, 0);

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Half screen, scale 1:

cmd_spinner(80, 60, 0, 1);

Full screen, scale 2:

cmd_spinner(80, 60, 0, 2);

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5.55 CMD_SCREENSAVER - start an animated screensaver

After the screensaver command, the co-processor engine continuously updates REG_MACRO_0
with VERTEX2F with varying (x,y) coordinates. With an appropriate display list, this causes a
bitmap to move around the screen without any MCU work. Command CMD_STOP stops the
update process.
Note that only one of CMD_SKETCH, CMD_SCREENSAVER, or CMD_SPINNER can be active at
one time.
C prototype
void cmd_screensaver( );
Description
REG_MACRO_0 is updated with respect to frame rate (depending on the display registers
configuration). Typically for a 480x272 display the frame rate is around 60 frames per second.
Command layout
+0 CMD_SCREENSAVER(0xffffff2f)

Examples
To start the screensaver, create a display list using a MACRO instruction – the co-processor
engine will update it continuously:

cmd_screensaver();
cmd(BITMAP_SOURCE(0));
cmd(BITMAP_LAYOUT(RGB565, 128, 64));
cmd(BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST,BORDER,BORDER, 40, 30));
cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd(MACRO(0));
cmd(DISPLAY());

Code snippet 14 CMD_SCREENSAVER example

Here is the result:

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5.56 CMD_SKETCH - start a continuous sketch update

The Co-processor engine continuously samples the touch inputs and paints pixels into a bitmap,
according to the given touch (x, y). This means that the user touch inputs are drawn into the
bitmap without any need for MCU work. CMD_STOP is to be sent to stop the sketch process.
Note that only one of CMD_SKETCH, CMD_SCREENSAVER, or CMD_SPINNER can be active at
one time.

C prototype
void cmd_sketch( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
uint16_t w,
uint16_t h,
uint32_t ptr,
uint16_t format );

Parameters
x
x-coordinate of sketch area top-left, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of sketch area top-left, in pixels
w
Width of sketch area, in pixels
h
Height of sketch area, in pixels
ptr
Base address of sketch bitmap
format
Format of sketch bitmap, either L1 or L8
Description
Note that update frequency of bitmap data in graphics memory depends on the sampling
frequency of the built-in ADC circuit of the FT81X, which is up to 1000 Hz.

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Command layout

+0 CMD_SKETCH(0xffffff30)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 W

+10 H

+12 Ptr

+16 Format

Examples
To start sketching into a 480x272 L1 bitmap:

cmd_memzero(0, 480 * 272 / 8);

cmd_sketch(0, 0, 480, 272, 0, L1);

//Then to display the bitmap

cmd(BITMAP_SOURCE(0));
cmd(BITMAP_LAYOUT(L1, 60, 272));
cmd(BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER, BORDER, 480, 272));
cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd(VERTEX2II(0, 0, 0, 0));

//Finally, to stop sketch updates

cmd_stop();

Code snippet 15 CMD_SKETCH example

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5.57 CMD_STOP - stop any of spinner, screensaver or sketch

This command is to inform the co-processor engine to stop the periodic operation, which is
triggered by CMD_SKETCH , CMD_SPINNER or CMD_SCREENSAVER.
C prototype
void cmd_stop( );
Command layout
+0 CMD_STOP(0xffffff17)

Parameters
None
Description
For CMD_SPINNER and CMD_SCREENSAVER, REG_MACRO_0 and REG_MACRO_1
updating will be stopped.
For CMD_SKETCH or CMD_CSKETCH, the bitmap data in RAM_G updating will be stopped.
Examples
See CMD_SKETCH,CMD_CSKETCH, CMD_SPINNER, CMD_SCREENSAVER

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5.58 CMD_SETFONT - set up a custom font

CMD_SETFONT is used to register one custom defined bitmap font into the co-processor engine.
After registration, the co-processor engine is able to use the bitmap font with corresponding
commands.
For further details about how to set up a custom font, refer to ROM and RAM Fonts.
C prototype
void cmd_setfont( uint32_t font,
uint32_t ptr );
Command layout
+0 CMD_SETFONT(0xffffff2b)

+4 Font

+8 Ptr

Parameters
font
The bitmap handle from 0 to 31
ptr
The metrics block address in RAM. 4 bytes aligned is required.
Examples
With a suitable font metrics block loaded in RAM at address 1000, to set it up for use with
objects as font 7:

cmd_setfont(7, 1000);
cmd_button(20, 20, // x,y
120, 40, // width,height in pixels
7, // font 7, just loaded
0, // default options,3D style
"custom font!");

Code snippet 16 CMD_SETFONT example

5.59 CMD_SETFONT2 - set up a custom font

To use a custom font with the co-processor objects, create the font definition
data in RAM_G and issue CMD_SETFONT2, as described in ROM and RAM
Fonts.
For details about how to set up a custom font, refer to ROM and RAM Fonts.
C prototype
void cmd_setfont2( uint32_t font,
uint32_t ptr,
uint32_t firstchar );

Command layout

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+0 CMD_SETFONT2(0xffffff3b)

+4 Font

+8 Ptr

+12 firstchar

Parameters
font
The bitmap handle from 0 to 31
ptr
32 bit aligned memory address in RAM_G of font metrics block
firstchar
The ASCII value of first character in the font.
Examples
With a suitable font metrics block loaded in RAM_G at address 100000, first character’s ASCII
value 32, to use it for font 20:

cmd_setfont2(20, 100000, 32);

cmd_button(15, 30, 130, 20, 18, 0, "This is font 18");
cmd_button(15, 60, 130, 20, 20, 0, "This is font 20");

Code snippet 17 CMD_SETFONT2 example

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5.60 CMD_SETSCRATCH - set the scratch bitmap for

widget use
Graphical objects use a bitmap handle for rendering. By default this is bitmap
handle 15. This command allows it to be set to any bitmap handle.
This command enables user to utilize bitmap handle 15 safely.
C prototype
void cmd_setscratch( uint32_t handle);
Parameters
handle
bitmap handle number , 0~31
Command layout
+0 CMD_SETSCRATCH (0xffffff3c)

+4 Handle

Examples
With the setscratch command, set the handle 31, handle 15 is available for application use,
for example as a font:

cmd_setscratch(31);
cmd_setfont2(15, 100000, 32);
cmd_button(15, 30, 130, 20, 15, 0, "This is font 15");

//Restore bitmap handle 31 to ROM Font number 31.

cmd_romfont(31, 31);

Code snippet 18 CMD_SETSCRATCH example

5.61 CMD_ROMFONT – load a ROM font into bitmap handle

By default ROM fonts 16-31 are loaded into bitmap handles 16-31. This command allows any ROM
font 16-34 to be loaded into any bitmap handle.

C prototype
void cmd_romfont( uint32_t font,

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uint32_t romslot );
Parameters
font
bitmap handle number , 0~31
romslot
ROM font number, 16~34

Command layout
+0 CMD_ROMFONT (0xffffff3f)

+4 font

+8 romslot

Examples
Loading hardware fonts 31-34 into bitmap handle 1:

cmd_romfont(1, 31);
cmd_text( 0, 0, 1, 0, "31");
cmd_romfont(1, 32);
cmd_text( 0, 60, 1, 0, "32");
cmd_romfont(1, 33);
cmd_text(80,-14, 1, 0, "33");
cmd_romfont(1, 34);
cmd_text(60, 32, 1, 0, "34");

Code snippet 19 CMD_ROMFONT example

5.62 CMD_TRACK - track touches for a graphics object

The FT81X can assist the MCU in tracking touches on graphical objects. For example touches on
dial objects can be reported as angles, saving computation load of the MCU. To do this, the MCU
draws the object using a chosen tag value, and registers a track area for that tag.

Any touch on that object is then reported in REG_TRACKER as the first touch point,
REG_TRACKER_1 as the second touch, REG_TRACKER_2 as the third touch, REG_TRACKER_3 as
the fourth touch point, REG_TRACKER_4 as the fifth touch point.

NOTE: Multiple touch points are only available with capacitive displays (and FT811/FT813
controllers)

C prototype
void cmd_track( int16_t x,

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int16_t y,
int16_t w,
int16_t h,
int16_t tag );

Parameters
x
For linear tracker functionality, x-coordinate of track area top-left, in pixels.
For rotary tracker functionality, x-coordinate of track area center, in pixels.
y
For linear tracker functionality, y-coordinate of track area top-left, in pixels.
For rotary tracker functionality, y-coordinate of track area center, in pixels.
w
Width of track area, in pixels.
h
Height of track area, in pixels.

Note:
A w and h of (1,1) means that the tracker is rotary, and reports an
angle value in REG_TRACKER. A w and h of (0,0) disables the track functionality of
the co-processor engine. Other values
mean that the tracker is linear, and reports values along its length
from 0 to 65535 in REG_TRACKER
tag
tag of the graphics object to be tracked, 1-255
Command layout
+0 CMD_TRACK(0xffffff2c)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 W

+10 h

+12 tag

Description
The Co-processor engine tracks the graphics object in rotary tracker mode and linear tracker
mode:
 rotary tracker mode – Track the angle between the touch point and the center of the
graphics object specified by the tag value. The value is in units of 1/65536 of a circle. 0

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means that the angle is straight down, 0x4000 left, 0x8000 up, and 0xC000 right from the
center.
 Linear tracker mode – If parameter w is greater than h, track the relative distance of the
touch point to the width of the graphics object specified by the tag value. If parameter w
is not greater than h, track the relative distance of touch points to the height of the
graphics object specified by the tag value. The value is in units of 1/65536 of the width or
height of the graphics object. The distance of the touch point refers to the distance from
the top left pixel of graphics object to the coordinate of the touch point.
Please note that the behavior of CMD_TRACK is not defined if the center of the track object (in
case of rotary track) or top left of the track object (in case of linear track) is outside the visible
region in display panel.

Examples
Horizontal track of rectangle dimension 40x12pixels and the present touch is
at 50%:
dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(5, 45, 110) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 168, 64) );
dl( CLEAR(1 ,1 ,1) );
dl( BEGIN(RECTS) );
dl( VERTEX2F(60 * 16,50 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(100 * 16,62 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 0, 0) );
dl( VERTEX2F(60 * 16,50 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(80 * 16,62 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_MASK(0 ,0 ,0 ,0) );
dl( TAG(1) );
dl( VERTEX2F(60 * 16,50 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(100 * 16,62 * 16) );
cmd_track(60 * 16, 50 * 16, 40, 12, 1);

Vertical track of rectangle dimension 12x40 pixels and the present touch is at 50%:

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dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(5, 45, 110) );

dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 168, 64) );
dl( CLEAR(1 ,1 ,1) );
dl( BEGIN(RECTS) );
dl( VERTEX2F(70 * 16,40 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(82 * 16,80 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 0, 0) );
dl( VERTEX2F(70 * 16,40 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(82 * 16,60 * 16) );
dl( COLOR_MASK(0 ,0 ,0 ,0) );
dl( TAG(1) );
dl( VERTEX2F(70 * 16,40 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(82 * 16,80 * 16) );
cmd_track(70 * 16, 40 * 16, 12, 40, 1);

Circular track centered at (80,60) display location

dl( CLEAR_COLOR_RGB(5, 45, 110) );

dl( COLOR_RGB(255, 168, 64) );
dl( CLEAR(1 ,1 ,1) );
dl( TAG(1) );
dl( BEGIN(POINTS) );
dl( POINT_SIZE(20 * 16) );
dl( VERTEX2F(80 * 16, 60 * 16) );
cmd_track(80 * 16, 60 * 16, 1, 1, 1);

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To draw a dial with tag 33 centered at (80, 60), adjustable by touch:

uint16_t angle = 0x8000;

cmd_track(80, 60, 1, 1, 33);
while (1) {
...
cmd(TAG(33));
cmd_dial(80, 60, 55, 0, angle);
...
uint32_t tracker = rd32(REG_TRACKER);
if ((tracker & 0xff) == 33)
angle = tracker >> 16;
...
}

To make an adjustable slider with tag 34:

uint16_t val = 0x8000;

cmd_track(20, 50, 120, 8, 34);
While (1) {
...
cmd(TAG(34));
cmd_slider(20, 50, 120, 8, val, 65535);
...
uint32_t tracker = rd32(REG_TRACKER);
if ((tracker & 0xff) == 34)
val = tracker >> 16;
...

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5.63 CMD_SNAPSHOT - take a snapshot of the current screen

This command causes the co-processor engine to take a snapshot of the current screen, and write
the result into RAM_G as an ARGB4 bitmap. The size of the bitmap is the size of the screen, given
by the REG_HSIZE and REG_VSIZE registers.
During the snapshot process, the display should be disabled by setting REG_PCLK to 0 to avoid
display glitch.
Because the co-processor engine needs to write the result into the destination address, the
destination address must be never used or referenced by the graphics engine.
C prototype
void cmd_snapshot( uint32_t ptr );
Parameters
ptr
Snapshot destination address, in RAM_G
Command layout

+0 CMD_SNAPSHOT(0xffffff1f)

+4 ptr

Examples
To take a snapshot of the current 160 x 120 screens, then use it as a bitmap in the new
display list:

wr(REG_PCLK,0);//Turn off the PCLK

wr16(REG_HSIZE,120);
wr16(REG_WSIZE,160);

cmd_snapshot(0);//Taking snapshot.

wr(REG_PCLK,5);//Turn on the PCLK

wr16(REG_HSIZE,272);
wr16(REG_WSIZE,480);

cmd_dlstart();
cmd(CLEAR(1,1,1));
cmd(BITMAP_SOURCE(0));
cmd(BITMAP_LAYOUT(ARGB4, 2 * 160, 120));
cmd(BITMAP_SIZE(NEAREST, BORDER, BORDER, 160, 120));
cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd(VERTEX2II(10, 10, 0, 0));

Code snippet 20 CMD_SNAPSHOT 160x120–screen

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5.64 CMD_SNAPSHOT2 - take a snapshot of part of the

current screen
The snapshot command causes the co-processor to take a snapshot of part of the
current screen, and write it into graphics memory as a bitmap. The size, position
and format of the bitmap may be specified. During the snapshot process, the
display output process is suspended. LCD displays can easily tolerate variation
in display timing, so there is no noticeable flicker.

C prototype
void cmd_snapshot2( uint32_t fmt,
uint32_t ptr,
int16_t x,
int16_t y,
int16_t w,
int16_t h);
Parameters
fmt
Output bitmap format, one of RGB565, ARGB4 or 0x20. The value
0x20 produces an ARGB8 format snapshot.
See BITMAP_LAYOUT for format list.
ptr
Snapshot destination address, in RAM_G
x
x-coordinate of snapshot area top-left, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of snapshot area top-left, in pixels
w
width of snapshot area, in pixels. Note when fmt is 0x20, i.e. in ARGB8 format,
the value of width shall be doubled.
h
height of snapshot area, in pixels

Command layout

+0 CMD_SNAPSHOT2(0xffffff37)

+4 fmt

+8 ptr

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+12 x

+14 y

+16 w

+18 h

Examples
To take a 32x32 snapshot of the top-left of the screen, then use it as a bitmap
in the new display list:

cmd_snapshot2(RGB565, 0, 0, 0, 32, 32);

cmd_dlstart();
cmd_setbitmap(0, RGB565, 32, 32);
cmd(CLEAR(1,1,1));
cmd(BEGIN(BITMAPS));
cmd(VERTEX2II(10, 10, 0, 0));

Code snippet 21 CMD_SNAPSHOT2 32x32 screen

Note:
For ARGB8 format, pixel memory layout is as below:

31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

A R G B

5.65 CMD_SETBITMAP – set up display list for bitmap

This command will generate the corresponding display list commands
(BITMAP_SOURCE\BITMAP_LAYOUT\BITMAP_SIZE) for given bitmap information, sparing
the effort of writing display list manually.
The parameters filter/wrapx/wrapy in BITAMP_SIZE is always set to NEAREST/BORDER/BORDER
value in the generated display list commands.

C prototype
void cmd_setbitmap( uint32_t addr,
uint16_t fmt,
uint16_t width,
uint16_t height );
Parameters
addr
Address of bitmap data in RAM_G.
fmt

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Bitmap format, see the definition in BITMAP_LAYOUT.

width
bitmap width, in pixels.
height
bitmap height, in pixels

Command layout

+0 CMD_SETBITMAP(0xffff ff43)

+4 addr

+8 fmt

+10 width

+12 height

Examples
See CMD_SNAPSHOT2 - take a snapshot of part of the current screen.
Note
Two bytes needs to be appended after last parameter for 4 bytes alignment

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5.66 CMD_LOGO - play FTDI logo animation

The logo command causes the co-processor engine to play back a short animation of the FTDI
logo. During logo playback the MCU should not access any FT81X resources. After 2.5 seconds
have elapsed, the co-processor engine writes zero to REG_CMD_READ and REG_CMD_WRITE, and
starts waiting for commands. After this command is complete, the MCU shall write the next
command to the starting address of RAM_CMD.
C prototype
void cmd_logo( );
Command layout

+0 CMD_LOGO(0xffffff31)

Examples
To play back the logo animation:
cmd_logo();
delay(3000); // Optional to wait
While( (0 != rd16(REG_CMD_WRITE)) &&
(rd16(REG_CMD_WRITE) != rd16(REG_CMD_READ) ));//Wait till both read &
write pointer register are equal to zero

Code snippet 22 CMD_LOGO command example

5.67 CMD_CSKETCH – Deprecated

This command is the legacy command from the FT801 chip. Users are recommended to use
“CMD_SKETCH” for FT81X since it works for both RTE and CTE.

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C prototype
void cmd_csketch( int16_t x,
int16_t y,
uint16_t w,
uint16_t h,
uint32_t ptr,
uint16_t format,
uint16_t freq);
Command layout

+0 CMD_CSKETCH(0xffffff35)

+4 X

+6 Y

+8 W

+10 H

+12 Ptr

+16 Format

+18 Freq

Parameters
x
x-coordinate of sketch area top-left, in pixels
y
y-coordinate of sketch area top-left, in pixels
w
Width of sketch area, in pixels
h
Height of sketch area, in pixels
ptr
Base address of sketch bitmap
format
Format of sketch bitmap, either L1 or L8
Freq
Deprecated.

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6 Contact Information
Head Quarters – Singapore Branch Office – Taipei, Taiwan

Bridgetek Pte Ltd Bridgetek Pte Ltd, Taiwan Branch

178 Paya Lebar Road, #07-03 2 Floor, No. 516, Sec. 1, Nei Hu Road, Nei Hu District
Singapore 409030 Taipei 114
Tel: +65 6547 4827 Taiwan, R.O.C.
Fax: +65 6841 6071 Tel: +886 (2) 8797 5691
Fax: +886 (2) 8751 9737

E-mail (Sales) [email protected] E-mail (Sales) [email protected]

E-mail (Support) [email protected] E-mail (Support) [email protected]

Branch Office - Glasgow, United Kingdom Branch Office – Vietnam

Bridgetek Pte. Ltd. Bridgetek VietNam Company Limited

Unit 1, 2 Seaward Place, Centurion Business Park Lutaco Tower Building, 5th Floor, 173A Nguyen Van
Glasgow G41 1HH Troi,
United Kingdom Ward 11, Phu Nhuan District,
Tel: +44 (0) 141 429 2777 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Fax: +44 (0) 141 429 2758 Tel : 08 38453222
Fax : 08 38455222

E-mail (Sales) [email protected] E-mail (Sales) [email protected]

E-mail (Support) [email protected] E-mail (Support) [email protected]

Web Site
http://brtchip.com/

Distributor and Sales Representatives

Please visit the Sales Network page of the Bridgetek Web site for the contact details of our distributor(s) and
sales representative(s) in your country.

System and equipment manufacturers and designers are responsible to ensure that their systems, and any Bridgetek Pte Ltd
(BRTChip) devices incorporated in their systems, meet all applicable safety, regulatory and system-level performance
requirements. All application-related information in this document (including application descriptions, suggested Bridgetek
devices and other materials) is provided for reference only. While Bridgetek has taken care to assure it is accurate, this
information is subject to customer confirmation, and Bridgetek disclaims all liability for system designs and for any applications
assistance provided by Bridgetek. Use of Bridgetek devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the user’s
risk, and the user agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Bridgetek from any and all damages, claims, suits or expense
resulting from such use. This document is subject to change without notice. No freedom to use patents or other intellectual
property rights is implied by the publication of this document. Neither the whole nor any part of the information contained in,
or the product described in this document, may be adapted or reproduced in any material or electronic form without the prior
written consent of the copyright holder. Bridgetek Pte Ltd, 178 Paya Lebar Road, #07-03, Singapore 409030. Singapore
Registered Company Number: 201542387H.

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Appendix A – References

Document References
FT81X Datasheet: DS_FT81X
SAMPLE PROJECTS: http://brtchip.com/SoftwareExamples-eve/
OpenGL Reference Manual: The Official Reference Document to OpenGL, Version 1.4

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Terms Description

CS Chip select

CTE Capacitive Touch Engine

DL Display list

EVE Embedded Video Engine

FPS/fps Frame Per Second

GPIO General Purpose Input/output

Hz/KHz/MHz Hertz/Kilo Hertz/Mega Hertz

I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit

LSB least significant bit

MCU Micro controller unit

MSB most significant bit

OS operating system

PWM Pulse-width modulation

PWR Power

RAM Random access memory

RAM font Custom font, resided in RAM_G

RGB Red Blue Green

R/W Read and Write

RO Read only

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ROM font Built-in font, resided in ROM

RTE Resistive Touch Engine

SPI Serial Peripheral Interface

USB Universal Serial Bus

USB-IF USB Implementers Forum

WO Write Only

Memory Map
Start End Size NAME Description
Address Address

00 0000h 0F FFFFh 1024 KB RAM_G General purpose RAM, also called “main
memory”

30 0000h 30 1FFFh 8 KB RAM_DL Display List RAM

30 2000h 30 2FFFh 4 KB RAM_REG Registers

30 8000 h 30 8FFFh 4 KB RAM_CMD Co-processor command circular buffer

Note 1: The addresses beyond this table are reserved and shall not be read or written unless
otherwise specified.
Note 2: ROM_FONTROOT is defined as 0x2FFFFC

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Appendix B – List of Figures/Tables/Code Snippets

List of Figures
Figure 1: Software Architecture .......................................................................................... 10
Figure 2: Getting Started Example ...................................................................................... 14
Figure 3: Coordinate plane in units of single pixel precision .................................................... 15
Figure 4: Coordinate plane in units of 1/8 pixel precision ....................................................... 16
Figure 5: The constants of ALPHA_FUNC .............................................................................. 93
Figure 6: L1/L2/L4/L8 Pixel Format ....................................................................................100
Figure 7: ARGB2/1555 Pixel Format ...................................................................................101
Figure 8: ARGB4/PALETTED4444, RGB332, RGB565/PALETTED565 Pixel Format ......................101
Figure 9: PALETTED8 Pixel Format .....................................................................................101
Figure 10: STENCIL_OP constants definition ........................................................................141
Figure 11: FT81X widget list ..............................................................................................152
Figure 12: FT81X ROM Font List .........................................................................................156

List of Tables
Table 1 Bitmap rendering performance ................................................................................ 25
Table 2 common registers summary .................................................................................... 43
Table 3 RTE registers summary .......................................................................................... 50
Table 4 CTE registers summary .......................................................................................... 59
Table 5 Graphics Context ................................................................................................... 89
Table 6 FT81X graphics primitive operation definition ............................................................ 94
Table 7 BITMAP_LAYOUT format list .................................................................................... 97
Table 8 BLEND_FUNC constant value definition ....................................................................114
Table 9 VERTEX_FORMAT and pixel precision ......................................................................147
Table 10 Widgets color setup table .....................................................................................153
Table 11 FT81X Font metrics block format ...........................................................................155
Table 12 Co-processor engine graphics state .......................................................................157
Table 13 Parameter OPTION definition ................................................................................158

List of Code Snippets

Code snippet 1 Initialization sequence ................................................................................. 12
Code snippet 2 Play C8 on the xylophone ............................................................................. 12
Code snippet 3 Check the status of sound playing ................................................................. 13
Code snippet 4 Stop playing sound ...................................................................................... 13
Code snippet 5 Audio playback ........................................................................................... 13
Code snippet 6 Check the status of audio playback................................................................ 13
Code snippet 7 Stop the audio playback ............................................................................... 13
Code snippet 8 Getting Started ........................................................................................... 14
Code snippet 9 color and transparency ................................................................................ 24
Code Snippet 10 PALETTED8 drawing example ...................................................................102
Code snippet 11 CMD_GETPTR command example ...............................................................222
Code snippet 12 CMD_CALIBRATE example .........................................................................228
Code snippet 13 CMD_SETROTATE example ........................................................................228
Code snippet 14 CMD_SCREENSAVER example ....................................................................233
Code snippet 15 CMD_SKETCH example .............................................................................235

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Code snippet 16 CMD_SETFONT example ............................................................................237

Code snippet 17 CMD_SETFONT2 example ..........................................................................238
Code snippet 18 CMD_SETSCRATCH example ......................................................................239
Code snippet 19 CMD_ROMFONT example ...........................................................................240
Code snippet 20 CMD_SNAPSHOT 160x120–screen .............................................................245
Code snippet 21 CMD_SNAPSHOT2 32x32 screen ...............................................................247
Code snippet 22 CMD_LOGO command example ..................................................................249

List of Registers
Register Definition 1 REG_PCLK Definition ......................................................................... 26
Register Definition 2 REG_PCLK_POL Definition .................................................................. 27
Register Definition 3 REG_CSPREAD Definition ................................................................... 27
Register Definition 4 REG_SWIZZLE Definition.................................................................... 28
Register Definition 5 REG_DITHER Definition ...................................................................... 28
Register Definition 6 REG_OUTBITS Definition .................................................................... 29
Register Definition 7 REG_ROTATE Definition ..................................................................... 29
Register Definition 8 REG_VSYNC1 Definition ..................................................................... 30
Register Definition 9 REG_VSYNC0 Definition ..................................................................... 30
Register Definition 10 REG_VSIZE Definition ........................................................................ 30
Register Definition 11 REG_VOFFSET Definition .................................................................... 31
Register Definition 12 REG_VCYCLE Definition ...................................................................... 31
Register Definition 13 REG_HSYNC1 Definition ...................................................................... 32
Register Definition 14 REG_HSYNC0 Definition ...................................................................... 32
Register Definition 15 REG_HSIZE Definition ........................................................................ 32
Register Definition 16 REG_HOFFSET Definition .................................................................... 34
Register Definition 17 REG_HCYCLE .................................................................................... 34
Register Definition 18 REG_DLSWAP Definition ..................................................................... 35
Register Definition 19 REG_TAG Definition ........................................................................... 35
Register Definition 20 REG_TAG_Y Definition ........................................................................ 36
Register Definition 21 REG_TAG_X Definition ........................................................................ 36
Register Definition 22 REG_PLAY Definition .......................................................................... 37
Register Definition 23 REG_SOUND Definition ....................................................................... 37
Register Definition 24 REG_VOL_SOUND Definition ............................................................... 38
Register Definition 25 REG_VOL_PB Definition ...................................................................... 38
Register Definition 26 REG_PLAYBACK_PLAY Definition .......................................................... 39
Register Definition 27 REG_PLAYBACK_LOOP Definition ......................................................... 39
Register Definition 28 REG_PLAYBACK_FORMAT Definition ..................................................... 40
Register Definition 29 REG_PLAYBACK_FREQ Definition ......................................................... 41
Register Definition 30 REG_PLAYBACK_READPTR Definition .................................................... 41
Register Definition 31 REG_PLAYBACK_LENGTH Definition ..................................................... 42
Register Definition 32 REG_PLAYBACK_START Definition ........................................................ 42
Register Definition 33 REG_TOUCH_CONFIG Definition .......................................................... 43
Register Definition 34 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_F Definition ............................................... 44
Register Definition 35 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_E Definition ............................................... 45
Register Definition 36 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_D Definition ............................................... 46
Register Definition 37 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_C Definition ............................................... 47
Register Definition 38 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_B Definition ............................................... 48
Register Definition 39 REG_TOUCH_TRANSFORM_A Definition ............................................... 49
Register Definition 40 REG_TOUCH_TAG Definition................................................................ 51
Register Definition 41 REG_TOUCH_TAG_XY Definition .......................................................... 52
Register Definition 42 REG_TOUCH_SCREEN_XY Definition ..................................................... 53
Register Definition 43 REG_TOUCH_DIRECT_Z1Z2 Definition .................................................. 54
Register Definition 44 REG_TOUCH_DIRECT_XY .................................................................... 54
Register Definition 45 REG_TOUCH_RZ Definition.................................................................. 55
Register Definition 46 REG_TOUCH_RAW_XY Definition ......................................................... 55

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Register Definition 47 REG_TOUCH_RZTHRESH Definition ...................................................... 56

Register Definition 48 REG_TOUCH_OVERSAMPLE Definition .................................................. 56
Register Definition 49 REG_TOUCH_SETTLE Definition ........................................................... 57
Register Definition 50 REG_TOUCH_CHARGE Definition .......................................................... 57
Register Definition 51 REG_TOUCH_ADC_MODE Definition ..................................................... 58
Register Definition 52 REG_TOUCH_MODE Definition ............................................................. 58
Register Definition 53 REG_CTOUCH_MODE Definition ........................................................... 60
Register Definition 54 REG_CTOUCH_EXTENDED Definition ................................................... 61
Register Definition 55 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH_XY Definition ................................................... 61
Register Definition 56 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH1_XY Definition ................................................. 62
Register Definition 57 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH2_XY Definition ................................................. 62
Register Definition 58 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH3_XY Definition ................................................. 63
Register Definition 59 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH4_X Definition ................................................... 63
Register Definition 60 REG_CTOUCH_TOUCH4_Y Definition ................................................... 64
Register Definition 61 REG_CTOUCH_RAW_XY Definition ...................................................... 64
Register Definition 62 REG_CTOUCH_TAG Definition .............................................................. 65
Register Definition 63 REG_CTOUCH_TAG1 Definition ............................................................ 66
Register Definition 64 REG_CTOUCH_TAG2 Definition ............................................................ 67
Register Definition 65 REG_CTOUCH_TAG3 Definition ............................................................ 68
Register Definition 66 REG_CTOUCH_TAG4 Definition ............................................................ 69
Register Definition 67 REG_CTOUCH_TAG_XY Definition ........................................................ 70
Register Definition 68 REG_CTOUCH_TAG1_XY Definition....................................................... 71
Register Definition 69 REG_CTOUCH_TAG2_XY Definition....................................................... 72
Register Definition 70 REG_CTOUCH_TAG3_XY Definition....................................................... 73
Register Definition 71 REG_CTOUCH_TAG4_XY Definition....................................................... 74
Register Definition 72 REG_CMD_DL Definition ..................................................................... 75
Register Definition 73 REG_CMD_WRITE Definition................................................................ 75
Register Definition 74 REG_CMD_READ Definition ................................................................. 76
Register Definition 75 REG_CMDB_SPACE Definition .............................................................. 76
Register Definition 76 REG_CMDB_WRITE Definition .............................................................. 77
Register Definition 77 REG_TRACKER Definition .................................................................... 77
Register Definition 78 REG_TRACKER_1 Definition ................................................................ 78
Register Definition 79 REG_TRACKER_2 Definition ................................................................ 78
Register Definition 80 REG_TRACKER_3 Definition ................................................................ 79
Register Definition 81 REG_TRACKER_4 Definition ................................................................ 79
Register Definition 82 REG_MEDIAFIFO_READ Definition ........................................................ 80
Register Definition 83 REG_MEDIAFIFO_WRITE Definition ...................................................... 80
Register Definition 84 REG_CPURESET Definition .................................................................. 81
Register Definition 85 REG_PWM_DUTY Definition ................................................................. 81
Register Definition 86 REG_PWM_HZ Definition..................................................................... 82
Register Definition 87 REG_INT_MASK Definition .................................................................. 82
Register Definition 88 REG_INT_EN Definition....................................................................... 83
Register Definition 89 REG_INT_FLAGS Definition ................................................................. 83
Register Definition 90 REG_GPIO_DIR Definition ................................................................... 84
Register Definition 91 REG_GPIO Definition .......................................................................... 84
Register Definition 92 REG_GPIOX_DIR Definition ................................................................. 85
Register Definition 93 REG_GPIOX Definition ........................................................................ 85
Register Definition 94 REG_FREQUENCY Definition ................................................................ 86
Register Definition 95 REG_CLOCK Definition........................................................................ 87
Register Definition 96 REG_FRAMES Definition ...................................................................... 87
Register Definition 97 REG_ID Definition ............................................................................. 87
Register Definition 98 REG_TRIM Definition .......................................................................... 88
Register Definition 99 REG_SPI_WIDTH Definition ................................................................. 88

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Appendix C – Revision History

Document Title: FT81X Series Programmers Guide
Document Reference No.: BRT_000031
Clearance No.: BRT#035
Product Page: http://brtchip.com/product
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Revision Changes Date

0.1 Initial Draft Release 2015-02-17
1.0 First full release 2015-09-25
1.1 Updated Section 5.5.1 - Table 11 - FT81x Font 2016-09-19
Metrics block format- Included support for L2 Format
in font metrics block.
Dual branding to reflect the migration of the product
to the Bridgetek name – logo changed, copyright
changed, contact information changed.
1.2 Section 5.62 CMD_TRACK - track touches for a 2018-10-02
graphics object.
Examples (TO make an adjustable slider with tag
34): code snippet error rectified.
Migrated the document from dual branding
(FTDI/Bridgetek) to Bridgetek.
Corrected the typo in Page 88 - Register Definition 99
REG_SPI_WIDTH Definition (REG_SPI_WIDTH) offset
value corrected from 0x180 to 0x188.
Section 5.5.3 – Step no.4 - Added notes to
differentiate between the commands CMD_SETFONT
and CMD_SETFONT2.

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