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Script 1 Capasitor

The document discusses capacitors, which are electronic components that store electrical energy. It describes the basic components and functions of capacitors, as well as different types classified by capacitance value, materials used, and applications in electronic circuits.

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Galang Tasrul A'lam
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© © All Rights Reserved
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26 views

Script 1 Capasitor

The document discusses capacitors, which are electronic components that store electrical energy. It describes the basic components and functions of capacitors, as well as different types classified by capacitance value, materials used, and applications in electronic circuits.

Uploaded by

Galang Tasrul A'lam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCRIPT 1 (Capacitor)

Name : Galang Tasrul A’lam (3.32.17.0.11)


Class : EK – 3A

Capacitor

Capacitor is an electronic component that have function to store electrical energy or


electrical charge in electronic circuit. Capacitor was categorized in pasif component because
this component doesn’t need current to doing the function. The value of capacitor is called
the capacitance, the capacitance is expressed in unit of farad. The symbol unit is (F). The
value of capacitance usually is to small, so it is often expressed in the form like microfarad,
nanofarad, and picofarad.
Capacitor consists of two conductors (metal plates) that are parallel to each other.
And between the two metals there is insulating material (dielectric material). Dielectric
materials can affect the value of capacitor. The dielectric materials in capacitor was made
from ceramics, paper, air, and metal films.
Capacitor has many function in electronic circuit. Like as a filter in power supply
circuit, passing alternating current (AC), blocking direct current (DC), and can be used as a
frequency generator in the oscillator circuit.

Characteristics of capacitor
1. Working Voltage
Generally, the working voltage printed onto the side of a capacitors body refers to
its DC working voltage. Common working DC voltages are 10V, 16V, 25V, 35V,
50V, 63V, 100V, 160V, 250V, 400V and 1000V and are printed onto the body of
the capacitor.
2. Tolerance
Capacitors are rated according to how near to their actual values they are
compared to the rated nominal capacitance with coloured bands or letters used to
indicated their actual tolerance. The most common tolerance variation for
capacitors is 5% or 10% but some plastic capacitors are rated as low as ±1%.
3. Working Temperature
The normal working range for most capacitors is -30C to +125C with nominal
voltage ratings given for a working temperature of no more than +70C especially
for the plastic capacitor types.
Types of capacitor
Capacitor can be classified into many types, then if we classify of capacitor based on
the value of capacitance, capacitor can be 2 types :
1. Fixed Capacitor
Fixed capacitor has constant value of capacitance. Fixed capacitor has function to
store electrical charge. Fix capacitor also has functions as a filter in power supply
circuit, passing alternating current (AC), blocking direct current (DC), and can be
used as a frequency generator in the oscillator circuit.
2. Variable Capacitor
Variable capacitor has value of capacitance can be change. Variable capacitor can
be used as tuning in the radio. There are two kinds of variable capacitor, namely
Varco (variable capacitor) and Trimmer. Variable capacitor made of metal with a
larger size. In general variable capacitor used to select the radio frequency waves.

Then classificaiton of Capasitor based on the materials have 5 type :

1. Ceramic Capacitor
Ceramic capacitor is made from ceramic materials.ceramic capasitor usually to
use motor DC.
2. Polyester Capacitor
Polyester capacitor is made from polyester.polyester capacitors can be installed in
reverse polarity because doesn’t has polarity poles.
3. Paper Capacitor
Paper capacitor is capacitor dielectric materials made from paper. Paper
capacitors doesn’t has polarity poles, so it can be reverse installed in electronics
circuit.
4. Mica Capacitor
Mica capacitor is capacitor dielectric materials made from mica. Mica capacitors
doesn’t has polarity poles, so it can be reverse installed in electronics circuit.
5. Electrolyte Capacitor
Electrolyte capacitor is a capacitor made of dielectric materials from electrolyte.
This capacitor has shaped cylindrical. Electrolyte capacitors or usually called
“Elco” is often used in electronics circuit that requires high capacitance. And
have a pole + and -.
6. Tantalum Capacitor
Tantalum capacitor is capacitor dielectric materials made of tantalum metal. This
capacitor which have positive pole (+) and negative pole (-) as the electrolyte
capacitor. Tantalum capacitors can operate in higher temperatures.

The application of capacitor

Capacitor has function to store electrical charge or electrical energy, capacitor


also has functions as a filter in power supply circuit, passing alternating current (AC),
blocking direct current (DC), and can be used as a frequency generator in the oscillator
circuit.
F D1

CT Vi 1 3
Vo
78XX XX Volt

D2 2

C1 C2
Capacitor
Types of capacitors
1. Fixed Capacitor

2. Variable Capacitors
Reading the value Codes of capacitor

Example :
a. Electrolyte Capacitor

So, the value of capacitance is 470 μF with maximum voltage that can be passed
is 25 volts.

b. Ceramic Capacitor

10n units

figure

10n = 10 nF

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