Table of Content:
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1
2. Aim & Objectives: ................................................................................................................... 1
3. Literature Review: ................................................................................................................... 2
3.1. Design & Fabrication of Automatic wastage removal equipment. ........................................... 2
3.2. Design and Fabrication of Automatic Drainage Cleaning Machine ......................................... 2
3.3. Design and Fabrication of Automated drain/gutter cleaning machine ...................................... 3
3.4. Semi-Automatic Drain for Sewage Water Treatment of Floating Materials ............................ 3
3.5. Automatic Sewage Cleaning System ........................................................................................ 3
3.6. Review Paper on Drainage Water Cleaner Machine................................................................. 4
3.7. Automatic Open Drain Cleaning System .................................................................................. 4
3.8. Gutter Cleaner ........................................................................................................................... 5
3.9. Automatic Drain System Treatment Process ............................................................................ 5
3.10. Automatic Drain System Treatment Apparatus ........................................................................ 6
3.11. System for Maintaining Gutter Debris Free .............................................................................. 6
3.12. Automatic Drain/gutter cleaning system................................................................................... 6
3.13. Free Oxygen Budget of a Polluted Tropical River.................................................................... 7
3.14. Drain Cleaner ............................................................................................................................ 7
3.15. Portable Drain Cleaning Apparatus .......................................................................................... 7
3.16. Drain Cleaning Apparatus ......................................................................................................... 8
3.17. Design and Fabrication of Automatic Trash Removal Machine ............................................... 8
3.18. Drain Waste Water Cleaner ...................................................................................................... 8
3.19. Automatic Wastewater treatment process to reduce global warming ....................................... 9
3.20. Design and Development of Drain Cleaner Machine for Waste Management ......................... 9
4. Literature Review conclusive paragraph ............................................................................... 10
5. References: ............................................................................................................................ 11
6. Board of Graduate Studies Remarks………………………………………………..……….12
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1. Introduction:
Cleaning of drains has always been a problem. Labors cleaning gutters & drain seems unethical
and also leads to a high risk of them catching infections or poisoning due to large amounts of
waste/chemicals in them. Also throwing of bottles/plastics and other such objects into the gutters
lead to narrowing and eventually blockage in gutter flow. This leads to overflow in many cases.
So here we provide a fully automated drain gutter cleaning mechanism to tackle these modern day
gutter jamming issues. Our system uses an automated gutter/drain cleaning system that lets fluids
flow through it but catches large solid waste like bottles & plastic and accumulates it. So gutter
cleaners need to just clean these gutter cleaning systems installed at points instead of cleaning
entire gutter floors. Our system consists of metal teeth based jaws that wait at the bottom of the
mechanism. It is mounted in a frame to hold the system upright in the gutter. The vertical frame
bed is used to let liquid flow but catch all solid waste. The mechanism consists of a filter basket
on top of it. After particular time intervals the jaw lifts up using a motorized shaft which is
connected using a chain to the jaws. It then reaches the top and turns upside down to dump the
solid waste. Now after dumping the waste, the motor rotates again to bring the jaw again to the
bottom position to collect more waste. The system is a very efficient way to cleaning gutters &
drains and also requires very low power since it will only rotate once or twice a day to dump the
solid waste.
2. Aim & Objectives:
The Aim of this project is to fabricate drain cleaning system on basis of model.
The objectives of the project are:
To develop a mathematical model.
Selection of material.
To fabricate experimental setup based on designed model.
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3. Literature Review:
3.1. Design & Fabrication of Automatic wastage removal equipment.
(Shiraskar Mahesh T, Wayal Kiran D, Shinde Snehal R, Patil Tamanna A)(November 2017)
This paper focuses more on Automation of Drainage waste removal equipment. There is a
problem of blockage of drainage, to overcome this problem automation of the system is
necessary. Our concept is to use this in efficient way to removal of solid wastages from
water. The system only requires water flow to operate turbine. In this paper we working on
improving drainage system of small town by comparatively study of different open drainage
system.
1) In the treatment system of drainage Waste water control by the small turbine, roller chain
and sprocket, lifter and the collecting bin to achieve automatic control of solid waste removal
system.
2) The system can move in the drain to collect the floating waste so as to reduces human
effort, time, maintenance and operation cost
3) The cleaner functioned move effectively during the heavy rains which had more flow of
running water with solid waste and high velocity.[1]
3.2. Design and Fabrication of Automatic Drainage Cleaning Machine
(Aniruddha Jain, Apoorw Rajoriya, Ashish Patidar, Aditya Joshi, Atharva Taose)
(May 2019)
Automatic Drainage Cleaning machine is a semiautomatic device to remove the garbage and
solid wastes from drainage and it is easy to design machine. It is very important in the aspect
of water cleaning as it is necessary for us and it will be a benison for the workers who cleans
the drainage and put their life in danger.
The automatic drainage machine works with high efficiency with low cost involved. It will
simply consists of shafts, bearings, sprockets, chain and lifters and cleans the drainage so
that after some processes we can use the water again as water is the necessity of each and
every one and our project is helping in the process of water cleaning removing the water
blockages.[2]
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3.3. Design and Fabrication of Automated drain/gutter cleaning machine
(Babu Bhaskaran, Vijay Gopal) (September 2018)
In the treatment system of drainage Waste water control by the motor, roller chain and
sprocket, lifter and the collecting bin to achieve semi-automatic control of sewage waste
water treatment. Drainage from industries is treated through this project to meet the national
emission standards, with stable operation, low cost and good effect. Drainage wastewater
control is treated by this method to irrigate plants, clean toilets, etc. The cleaner functioned
effectively during the heavier rains which had more volume of running water with garbage
and high velocity. By this proposed system, the men power will be reduced.
On the basis of these result we can conclude that it is an innovative method of minimizing
manual stress and thus very much reliably stabilizing the in the pond. The project carried out
by us made an impressing task in the environmental purpose and it is very useful for the
small scale works. Although this system able to collect the garbage from the lake with human
intervention. The objective of the project was successfully achieved. [3]
3.4. Semi-Automatic Drain for Sewage Water Treatment of Floating Materials
(Ganesh U, Vinod V Rampur) (July 2016)
In the treatment system of drainage Waste water control by the motor, roller chain and
sprocket, lifter and the collecting bin to achieve semi-automatic control of sewage waste
water treatment. Drainage from industries is treated through this project to meet the national
emission standards, with stable operation, low cost and good effect. Drainage wastewater
control is treated by this method to irrigate plants, clean toilets, etc. The cleaner functioned
move effectively during the heavier rains which had more volume of running water with
garbage and high velocity.[4]
3.5. Automatic Sewage Cleaning System
(Mr. Saurabh S. Satpute, Mr. Vitthal R. Darole, Mr. Pravin M. Khaderao, Mr..Pankaj B.
Hiralkarl)(April 2018)
In the treatment system of drainage Waste water control by the motor, roller chain and
sprocket, lifter and the collecting bin to achieve semi-automatic control of sewage waste
water treatment. Drainage from industries is treated through this project to meet the national
emission standards, with stable operation, low cost and good effect. Drainage wastewater
control is treated by this method to irrigate plants, clean toilets, etc. The cleaner functioned
3
move effectively during the heavier rains which had more volume of running water with
garbage and high velocity. Automation is a technology concerned with his application of
mechanical, electronic and computer based systems to operate and control production. This
system is used To Operate Automatic Sewage Cleaning System. This project may be
developed with the full utilization of men, machines, and materials and money. Also we
have followed thoroughly the study of time motion and made our project economical and
efficient with the available resources. This system was Designed, Fabricated successfully
and also tested. It works satisfactorily. We hope that this will be done among the most
versatile and interchangeable one even in future. Thus we can able to obtain Automatic
Sewage Cleaning system. [5]
3.6. Review Paper on Drainage Water Cleaner Machine
(Ganesh S. Patil, Rahul A. Pawar, Manish D. Borole, Shubham G. Ahire, Ajay L. Krishnani,
Amit H. Karwande) (Jan 2018)
In recent past there have been many research carried out waste water management our
project also stand one of them with ideology & new tech many specific empirical studies
have been carried out and categories such as drainage cleaning system and its automation
have been studied to a great depth. We focus more on making the system mobile in the
drainage.
1. The cleaner functioned move effectively during the heavier rains which had more volume
of running water with garbage and high velocity.
2. The system can move in the drain to collect the floating waste so as to reduce human
labor.
3. In the treatment system of drainage Waste water control by the motor, roller chain and
sprocket, lifter and the collecting bin to achieve semiautomatic control of sewage waste
water treatment. [6]
3.7. Automatic Open Drain Cleaning System
(Mr. Ankur Kulthe, Ms. Sreelakshmi K.V, Mr. Tahir Mukadam, Prof. Ragini Gaikwad)(May
2018)
The weather is changing rapidly and unexpected heavy downpour leads to lot of problems.
The main reason behind the floods is due to the clogged drainage system. There is no easy
flow of rain water due to the solid wastes clogging the pipes of drainage system. This project
4
aims at automatically cleaning the water in the drainage system each time any solid wastes
appears it the help of claws which are driven by chain sprocket to grasp the solid waste and
throw it into the tank. Once the waste gets accumulated in the tank, a message signal would
be send to the operator to get the tank cleaned. The main technology used in this project is
Raspberry pi which executes and controls the whole process. We are also including weather
forecasting in order to keep the operator updated about the weather in that particular area.
This would help him to take necessary actions during certain weather conditions. All this
information will be displayed on Thing speak in graphical form. This project largely helps
in reducing the difficulties endured due to solid wastes in the open drain and its resulting
consequences. [7]
3.8. Gutter Cleaner
(William R. Tapper, Wayzata, Walden La)(December 1982)
A device for cleaning leaves and other debris from eave troughs and similar gutters by use
of water pressure. The device comprises a carrier adapted for engagement with the forward
lip of an eave trough. The carrier supports a high pressure water nozzle which is adapted to
be connected to a source of water under pressure. The carrier is propelled manually by means
of elongated handle along the length of the eave trough as the water stream flushes the debris
from the trough. [8]
3.9. Automatic Drain System Treatment Process
(Adam C. Miller, Mitchell M. Hazar, William G. Harvey)(Jan 1989)
A process for automatically treating a drain system to prevent or at least minimize clogging
problems particularly in grease traps of the type provided in restaurants and other food
preparation establishments. The process employs an apparatus which includes a valve for
directing fresh water into the grease trap for pretreating the trap in preparation for the
injection of bioactive liquid cultures by the pump. The liquid cultures liquefy and digest
contaminants in the grease trap which are flushed therefrom by fresh water. The apparatus
is controlled by a system which cyclically operates the apparatus in accordance with a
preferred operational sequence and at adjustably variable time periods. [9]
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3.10. Automatic Drain System Treatment Apparatus
(Adam C. Miller, M. Hazar, William G. Harvey)(March 1990)
An apparatus for automatically treating a drain system to prevent or at least minimize
clogging problems particularly in grease traps of the type provided in restaurants and other
food preparation establishments. The apparatus includes a valve for directing fresh water
into the grease trap for pretreating the trap in preparation for the injection of bioactive liquid
cultures by the pump. The liquid cultures liquefy and digest contaminants in the grease trap
which are flushed therefrom by fresh water. The apparatus is controlled by a system which
cyclically operates the apparatus in accordance with a preferred operational sequence and at
adjustably variable time periods. [10]
3.11. System for Maintaining Gutter Debris Free
(David Baxter)(August 2005)
An automatic gutter cleaning System for cleaning a rain Valley, gutter or drainage channel
with a medium, Such as air or water. The System includes carrying apparatus for carrying
the medium through nozzles into the gutter or channel. The medium flushes the debris
located in the valley or gutter either out of the Valley or gutter or down the gutter through
the down Spouts. The System is automatically operated by a controller that either controls
the frequency the medium is Sent to the nozzles or turns on the System due to inputs from a
monitoring means that monitors whether debris is or isn’t present in the Valley or gutter.
[11]
3.12. Automatic Drain/gutter cleaning system
(Satya Prakesh, Shatrudhan Kumar Yadav, Mr Rahul Srivastava)(April 2018)
In the Solar System, the Earth is the only planet which has given life its existence. It is said
that the creation of life is made up of only five elements which have been called “Panchtatva”
including water, air, fire, earth and sky. In such a way, we can estimate that water is very
important for our variables - the constant world. When we talk about the water that is on
Earth, the surface of the earth is covered with about 71% water and the water present in the
ocean is approximately 97% of the total water present on the earth .While the remaining 3%
of the water is in the form of ice, in the rivers, in the lakes, in the soil and in all living
organisms. The water supply of our planet is continuously from one place to another, from
one form to another, through the water cycle.
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The water of oceans is not potable due to being salted. Only 3% water is potable in which
2.4% water is present in the glaciers, northern and southern poles in the form of ice.
Remaining 0.6% water is present in the rivers, ponds and lakes which can be. In such way
controlling of wastes of water and water pollution must our primary purpose. . [12]
3.13. Free Oxygen Budget of a Polluted Tropical River
(Uday Bhan P, Anil K Dwivedi)(April 2016)
Rivers are highly vulnerable water bodies to pollution due to their roles in assimilating or
carrying off the municipal and industrial wastewater and run-off from agricultural land in
their vast drainage basins. This paper analyzed the effluents discharged from industries
contain chemicals which directly affect the parameters of the water. Present study deals with
the investigation of monthly as well as seasonal variations of selected parameters in river
Ami, which is a prime river in Gorakhpur, India. BOD 5 test measures the oxygen demand
biodegradable pollutants whereas the COD tests measure the oxygen demand of oxidizable
pollutants. These tests have its widest application in measuring waste loadings to treatment
plants. The maximum value of BOD 5 was recorded to be 188mg/l while COD was recorded
to be 370 mg/l during summer and DO was completely absent during most part of the year.
[13]
3.14. Drain Cleaner
(Roy M. Taylor, Steven R. Klemm)(May 1987)
A drain cleaning composition includes at least about 40% by weight of a free-flowing coated
alkali metal hydroxide and about 5% to 20% by weight of mixture of a hypochlorite
generator and a peroxide generator. The hypochlorite and peroxide generators react to re
lease oxygen gas and hypochlorite ions, the hypochlo rite generator being in stoichiometric
excess over the peroxide generator to produce free hypochlorite ions for dissolving hair and
other protein based clogs. The coating on the drain cleaning composition prevents the
hydroxide from reacting with the other components of the mixture before the mixture is
added to water. [14]
3.15. Portable Drain Cleaning Apparatus
(Karl L. Kirk, Elyria, Ohio)(September 1990)
An improved hand held drain cleaning apparatus is disclosed which is of the type employing
a flexible snake which is rotated and inserted into a waste line to remove blockage. The
7
apparatus includes a housing in which the snake is coiled and a guide tube extending from
the housing and through which the snake passes for insertion into a waste line. A manually
actuated sleeve assembly is provided on the guide for displacing resilient spring finger
clamping elements into engagement with the snake to hold the snake against axial
displacement relative to the housing during insertion and/or removal of the snake from the
waste line and to clamp the snake against rotation relative to the guide tube and the housing
during the drain cleaning operation. [15]
3.16. Drain Cleaning Apparatus
(Michael J. Rutkowski, Brunswick, Ohio)(January 2000)
In the treatment system of drainage Waste water control by the motor, roller chain and
sprocket, lifter and the collecting bin to achieve semi-automatic control of sewage waste
water treatment. Drainage from industries is treated through this project to meet the national
emission standards, with stable operation, low cost and good effect. After completing the
project, conclude that our project is simple in construction and compact in size for use.
Manufacturing of machine is easy and cost of the machine is less. [16]
3.17. Design and Fabrication of Automatic Trash Removal Machine
(Ravi P. Ramesh, Jabez Shiyan Varghese, Akhil Jose Manavalan, Akhil P.R, Adarsh.V.V)
(March 2018)
In this project the proposal concept is to replace the manual work in drainage cleaning by
automated system in Automobile service stations. We know that water has a great
importance in human being life, the water flow in drain full of wastes like polythene, bottles,
chemicals etc. The drains get blocked due to these wastes in water. Drainage are using for
the disposal and unfortunately sometimes there may be loss of human life while cleaning the
blockage in the drainages. To overcome this problem and to save the human life we
implement design “Trash Removal System”. We designed our project to use this in efficient
way to control the disposal of wastages and with regular filtration of wastages like chemicals,
grease etc. This machine also uses battery for power supply and is locomotive system. [17]
3.18. Drain Waste Water Cleaner
(Prof. Nitin Sall, Chougle Mohammed Zaid Sadique, Prathmesh Gawde, Shiraz Qureshi &
Sunil Singh Bhadauriya) (March 2016)
8
Wastewater is defined as the flow of used water from homes, businesses, industries,
commercial activities and institutions which are subjected to the treatment plants by a
carefully designed and engineered network of pipes. This type of wastewater is classified
and defined according to its sources of origin. Typically 200 to 500 liters of wastewater are
generated for each person connected to the system every day. The amount of flow handled
by a treatment plant varies with the time of day and with the months of the year. The
processes reviewed here include both those that remove pollutant dirt’s in wastewater and
those that vanishes them. Using a wastewater treatment technology that removes, rather than
destroys, a pollutant will give a treatment remains. At wastewater treatment plant, this flow
is treated before it is allowed to be returned to the environment. There are no holidays for
wastewater treatment, and most plants operate 24 hours every day of the week. Wastewater
treatment plants works on critical point of the water cycle, helping nature protects water
from the excessive pollution. Most treatment plants have primary treatment and secondary
treatment. [18]
3.19. Automatic Wastewater treatment process to reduce global warming
(S D Rahul Bharadwaj, Shraddha R Jogdhankar) (Feburary 2013)
The present project deals with the automatic cleaning of waste water in order to prevent
global warming and melting of glaciers. The statically data on rivers clear indication of day
by day increasing pollution level of the Rivers, which is creating negative environmental
impact on biological life of the rivers and increasing global warming which leads melting of
glaciers. The results emphasize the need of waste water treatment plants, through which the
water is treated before suspending in rivers. In our project there will be no need of external
power supply, firstly the power is generated and this generated power is used for waste water
cleaning process. The process performs the cleaning of water in 4 different stages; the water
cleaned through this process will be capable of discharging in rivers or else can be used for
agriculture purpose and clean water will reduce the effect of global warming and it prevents
the melting of glaciers. [19]
3.20. Design and Development of Drain Cleaner Machine for Waste
Management
(Prince Chawla, Vishal Garg, Navdeep Singh Randhawa) (September 2018)
Presently a-days despite the fact that mechanical seepage assumes a fundamental part in
every modern application in the best possible transfer of sewages from enterprises and plugs
9
are still a testing assignment. Waste funnels are utilizing for the transfer and lamentably once
in a while there might be loss of human life while cleaning the blockages in the waste Drain
cleaner machine is the system installed in an open canal, river or drainage passage so that
manual extraction of waste to be replaced through it. This helps us to stop the spreading of
diseases in between humans by manual working in garbage waste. The main motive of this
project is to design a drain cleaner machine to removing plastic & other waste dump from
sewage water by using grids, pulleys, belt drives and motor arrangement. [20]
4. Literature Review conclusive paragraph
From the study of the literature we find that the clogging of drains is an essential problem
for which the researcher has worked very hard to reduce it for some instance they have
achieved their goals but this problem is all throughout the world so to overcome this
problem we are designing this mechanical device to reduce the some of the problems
causing from it like disease to the worker and labor who clean these drains and gutter and
also it will help us to the workload on the workers. From that clogging pollution is the main
problem it pollutes air, water and soil. From these research paper we now know that how
we will design our machine to overcome some of the problems.
10
5. References:
[1] S. M. T, S. S. R, W. K. D, P. T. A, and S. P. P, “Design and Fabrication of Automatic Drainage Waste
Removal Equipment : A Review,” vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 5–7, 2017.
[2] A. Jain, A. Rajoriya, A. Patidar, A. Joshi, and A. Taose, “INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH
IN AERONAUTICAL AND MECHANICAL Design And Fabrication of Automatic Drainage Cleaning
Machine,” vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 42–47, 2019.
[3] V. G. Babu Bhaskaran, “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTOMATED DRAIN / GUTTER CLEANER
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTOMATED DRAIN / GUTTER CLEANER MACHINE,” vol. 2, no.
September, p. 16, 2018.
[4] . G. U. L., “Semi-Automatic Drain for Sewage Water Treatment of Floating Materials,” Int. J. Res.
Eng. Technol., vol. 05, no. 07, pp. 278–281, 2016.
[5] M. . P. B. H. Mr. Saurabh S. Satpute, Mr. Vitthal R. Darole, Mr. Pravin M. Khaderao, “Automatic
Sewage Cleaning System,” Int. J. Adv. Eng. Res. Dev., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 434–439, 2018.
[6] G. S. Patil, R. A. Pawar, M. D. Borole, S. G. Ahire, A. L. Krishnani, and A. H. Karwande, “Drainage
Water Cleaner Machine,” Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 3109–3112, 2018.
[7] M. A. Kulthe, “Automatic Open Drain Cleaning System,” Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol., vol. 6,
no. 5, pp. 499–503, 2018.
[8] W. La William R. Tapper, Wayzata, “Gutter Cleaner,” vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 0–5, 1982.
[9] W. G. H. Adam C. Miller, Mitchell M. Hazar, “Automatic Drain System Treatment Process,” vol. 2,
no. 12, pp. 0–5, 1989.
[10] R. U. S. A. Data, M. Hazar, G. William, and A. E. Upton, “United States Patent (19),” no. 19, 1990.
[11] D. Baxter, “System for Maintaining Gutter Debris Free,” vol. 2, no. 12, 2005.
[12] S. Kumar Yadav and R. Srivastava, “Automatic drain and gutter cleaning system,” pp. 438–443.
[13] U. Bhan P and A. K. Dwivedi, “Free Oxygen Budget of a Polluted Tropical River,” J. Waste Water
Treat. Anal., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 5–8, 2016.
[14] S. R. K. Roy M. Taylor, “Drain Cleaner,” vol. 12, no. 19, pp. 2–4, 1987.
[15] K. L. Kirk, “Portable Drain Cleaning Apparatus,” vol. 2, no. 19, p. 2, 1990.
[16] O. Michael J. Rutkowski, Brunswick, “Drain Cleaning Apparatus,” vol. 2, no. 19, p. 2, 2000.
[17] P. Ramesh and A. J. Manavalan, “Design and Fabrication of Automatic Trash Removal Machine,”
vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 217–223, 2018.
[18] N. Sall, C. Mohammed, Z. Sadique, P. Gawde, S. Qureshi, and S. S. Bhadauriya, “Drain Waste
Water Cleaner,” vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 16–20, 2016.
[19] S. D. R. Bharadwaj and S. R. Jogdhankar, “Automatic Wastewater treatment process to reduce
global warming,” Int. J. Environ. Sci. Monit., vol. 4, no. 2231, pp. 66–69, 2013.
[20] P. Chawla, V. Garg, and N. S. Randhawa, “Design a nd Development o f Drain Cleaner Machine f
or Waste Management,” pp. 9–12, 2018.
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6. Board of Graduate Studies Remark
12
