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Microstran Equarkeload

Response spectrum analysis is used to determine peak displacements and member forces from earthquake accelerations. The procedure involves setting up static load cases, identifying dynamic load cases, specifying damping ratios and response spectrum curves for each dynamic case, running the dynamic analysis, and scaling and combining the static and dynamic results. Digitized response spectrum curves are stored in a text file and can be edited or added.

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shantanu chowdhury
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183 views6 pages

Microstran Equarkeload

Response spectrum analysis is used to determine peak displacements and member forces from earthquake accelerations. The procedure involves setting up static load cases, identifying dynamic load cases, specifying damping ratios and response spectrum curves for each dynamic case, running the dynamic analysis, and scaling and combining the static and dynamic results. Digitized response spectrum curves are stored in a text file and can be edited or added.

Uploaded by

shantanu chowdhury
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Response Spectrum Analysis

Response Spectrum Analysis is used to determine peak


displacements and member forces due to support accelerations.

Running a Response Spectrum Analysis


The procedure for performing a response spectrum analysis is:
1. Set up static analysis load cases using the dialog box shown
below and perform the static analysis. The earthquake load
cases are empty – results from the response spectrum
analysis will be added automatically.

Select dynamic analysis and check item Response


spectrum analysis.

2. You are next prompted to identify the load cases that are to
be used for the results of the response spectrum analysis.
There will be one such load case for each earthquake
direction being considered.

For each earthquake load case you must enter parameters to


determine the response spectrum direction and the number
of modes to be considered. The direction factors determine
the direction of the support acceleration in terms of
components in the global axis directions. These components
will be reduced to a unit vector before being used. The
number of modes must be sufficient to satisfy the
earthquake code requirement that 90% (typically) of the
seismic mass is accounted for. It must not be greater than
the number of modes computed during dynamic analysis (2,
above). The Delete button removes all dynamic analysis
data associated with the load case.
3. For each earthquake load case damping ratios are specified.
The “Complete Quadratic Combination” method (CQC) for
combining modal responses is used to determine the peak
response. This is equivalent to the “Square Root of the Sum
of Squares” (SRSS) method if all modal damping ratios are
zero.

4. For each earthquake load case a response spectrum curve


and scaling factor must be specified. The response spectrum
curve is chosen from a list of names of digitized response
spectrum curves contained in file Response.txt (described
below). You may edit the response spectrum curves or add
new ones using the Configure > Edit Response Spectra
command.

5. After steps 3-6 have been completed for each earthquake


case, the dynamic analysis proceeds. On completion, select
the Analyse > Response Spectrum command to scale the
computed actions and combine them with the static analysis
results (note that this item is greyed out on the menu until
all the necessary preconditions for response spectrum
analysis have been completed). The total reactions (base
shears) are displayed for each earthquake case and you now
enter scale factors for each case. The spreadsheets referred
to above will assist you in computing scale factors to
comply with code requirements.

Microstran now adds the results from the response spectrum


analysis to the static analysis results. Earthquake load cases may
now be treated as any other load case for the display and
reporting of results and for design. The diagram below shows
the displaced shape for one of the earthquake load cases.

DISPLACED SHAPE FOR


EARTHQUAKE LOAD CASE

Note: The displaced shape represents the peak values of the


displacement during the earthquake event. There are no negative
values. Interpretation of the results should take this into account.
Response Spectrum Scale Factor
The scale factor used in step 6, above is used to multiply the
spectral acceleration values to give the actual support
acceleration to be used in the analysis. Many codes give spectral
accelerations in a normalized form that have to be multiplied by
site acceleration factors. For convenience, file Response.txt uses
normalized spectral values.
The results of the static analysis are updated with the results of
the response spectrum analysis. As this process takes place, the
sum of the reactions for each dynamic load case will be
displayed and you may enter factors that will be used to scale
the results to ensure compliance with codes that require
minimum base shears (step 7, above). The factor should be
based on the base shear in the direction of the support
acceleration. Note that the values given for the reactions are the
sum of absolute values, as the methods used to combine
individual modal responses result in loss of sign.
The results for each dynamic load case are inserted in the results
files for the previously defined empty load cases. Any
combination case that refers to the dynamic case is updated by
adding the specified dynamic case, factored as specified. By
updating combination cases instead of computing them
completely from the results of primary cases, any non-linearity
in the previously computed results is preserved. However, the
static analysis must be repeated if the dynamic analysis is to be
amended.

Note: After running response spectrum analysis you should


look at the dynamic analysis log file, which contains important
data including mass participation factors.

Earthquake Design Code Spreadsheets


The Excel spreadsheets AS1170_4.xls and Nzs1170_5.xls set
out detailed procedures for performing response spectrum
analysis complying with the design codes AS 1170.4 and
NZS 1170.5, respectively.
Response Spectrum Curves
The digitized data for the response spectrum curves must be
entered into the Response.txt file, which resides in the library
folder. This is a text file that you may edit to add additional
response spectrum data. The format of each set of data in the file
is as follows:
Name
T(1) Sa(1)
T(2) Sa(2)
T(3) Sa(3)
.....
T(n) Sa(n)
END
where:
Name String of alphanumeric characters used to identify each curve.
T(n) Period in seconds for the nth point on the curve.
Sa(n) Spectral acceleration for the nth point on the curve. The spectral
accelerations may be in normalized form or as absolute
accelerations with a scale factor, described previously, being used
to effect any required conversion.
END Keyword, indicating the end of data for this curve.

The data in Response.txt is available in graphical form in an


Excel spreadsheet, Spectra.xls, also in the library folder.

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