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Cyclohexan Problem

The document provides steps for drawing chair conformations of cyclohexane derivatives, identifying the most stable conformation, and differentiating between cis and trans isomers. It also outlines steps for drawing Newman projections of these compounds in their most stable and least stable conformations in order to understand rotational barriers. The steps include installing substituents in the appropriate axial or equatorial positions and recognizing that conformations with substituents in equatorial positions are generally most stable.

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Chi Dan
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297 views

Cyclohexan Problem

The document provides steps for drawing chair conformations of cyclohexane derivatives, identifying the most stable conformation, and differentiating between cis and trans isomers. It also outlines steps for drawing Newman projections of these compounds in their most stable and least stable conformations in order to understand rotational barriers. The steps include installing substituents in the appropriate axial or equatorial positions and recognizing that conformations with substituents in equatorial positions are generally most stable.

Uploaded by

Chi Dan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cyclohexane

 Chair  Practice   1  
Organic Chemistry I – Jasperse Cyclohexane Chair Practice

T A. Draw the two chair conformations for each of the following di-substituted cyclohexanes. Circle
the more stable one.
• For convenience, you may abbreviate the substituents (Me, Et, Pr, Bu, iPr, tBu, or the like
rather than drawing out methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl, t-butyl….)
• Assume that a halogen, OH, or NH2 is smaller than a CH3 or any other alkyl group.
• Remember to draw in the hydrogens on each of the “substituted” carbons

1. Cis-2-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane

2. Cis-3-isopropyl-1-methylcyclohexane

T
3. Cis -4-ethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexane

4. trans-2-butyl-1-isopropylcyclohexane

5. trans-3-t-butyl-1-methylcyclohexane
T

6. trans -4-chloro-1-propylcyclohexane
Cyclohexane  Chair  Practice   2  
B. For each of the following, do two things:
A. draw the most stable chair form for the more stable stereoisomer for the molecule
T B. identify whether the more stable stereoisomer is cis or trans.

7. 1-butyl-2-methylcyclohexane

8. 3-t-butyl-1-methylcyclohexane

9. 1,4-diethylcyclohexane

T
C. For each of the following, do two things:
A. draw the most stable chair form
B. identify whether the more stable stereoisomer would be the cis or the trans stereoisomer

10. Cis-2-chloro-1-ethylcyclohexane

11. trans-3-butyl-1-isopropylcyclohexane

12. trans -4-hydroxy-1-t-butylcyclohexane


! 1!
Organic Chemistry I Jasperse Newman Projections and Cyclohexane Chairs. Steps.

T Steps for processing a di-substituted cyclohexane chair:


Summary:((Draw(chairs;(install(sticks;(install(substituents(appropriately(
1. Draw both “right-“ and “left-handed” chairs
2. Draw in "axial" sticks on the relevant carbons; then draw in "equatorial" sticks on the relevant
carbons
• Use the left-most carbon for your first substituted carbon
3. On the left-most carbon, put your first substituent in on both chairs.
• It should be equatorial in the “right-handed” chair, and axial in the other.
4. Use "upper/downer" logic to decide whether the second substituent belongs eq or ax on the first
chair (then make it the opposite on the second chair)
• Draw in the H’s on the relavent carbons
5. Are the two substituents eq/eq, eq/ax, or ax/ax? This will help recognize relative stability
6. If one subst. is forced axial, the preferred chair has the bigger subst. equatorial
7. The best cis vs trans isomer has both substituents equatorial.
8. Note: To draw and identify the best cis versus trans, just draw a chair with both groups
equatorial, and then identify whether that is cis or trans(
(
(
Steps(for(Drawing(the(Best(Newman(projection(
Summary:((Draw(staggered(sticks;(install(substituents(appropriately(
T 1. Draw a staggered Newman projection, with three sticks on the “back” carbon and three on the
“front”. Have a stick up on the back carbon, and one down on the front.
2. Draw your biggest substituent on the back carbon on the “up” stick
3. Draw your biggest substituent on the front on the “down” “anti” stick
4. Fill in the other two back attachments on the other two back-carbon sticks.
5. Fill in the other two front attachments on the other two front-carbon sticks.

(
Steps(for(Drawing(the(Worst(Newman(projection(
Summary:((Draw(eclipsed(sticks;(install(substituents(appropriately(
1. Draw an eclipsed Newman projection, with three sticks on the “back” carbon and three on the
“front”. Have a stick up on both the back and front carbons.
2. Draw your biggest substituent on the back carbon on the “up” stick
3. Draw your biggest substituent on the front on the “up” “totally eclipsed” stick
4. Fill in the other back and front attachments.

T Note: The more severe the eclipsing in the “worst” projection, the greater the rotation barrier

Tips for creating a Newman Projection Energy Diagram


1. Use the “worst” (totally eclipsed version) as 0º and 360º.
2. 120º and 240º will be the other “eclipsed” conformations => energy crests.
3. 60º, 180º, and 300º will be the staggered conformations => energy valleys
4. 60º and 300º will be the other two staggered conformations (gauche) => energy valleys.
5. To compared the relative energies of the eclipsed crests, evaluate the sizes of the eclipsing
substituents (when two non-hydrogens eclipse) and
6. To compare the relative energies of the staggered valleys, evaluate the number/severity of gauche
interactions

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