CIVIL ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS III

(BFC 24103)
SEM II 2018/2019
PROJECT REPORT
SECTION : 3

GROUP : 3

PROJECT TITLE: Calculate the design of water tank about the maximum volume,
minimum volume and flow rate.

GROUP MEMBER

ABDUL RAZAK BIN GHAZALI (CF160198)

MATTHEW MAMEK ANAK SANGGAT (CF160102)
MOHAMAD EZAM AMNI BIN ABDUL ALIM (CF160189)
SALAHUDIN BIN HALIM (CF160071)
MUHAMMAD ALIFF BIN SHAHARUDDIN (CF1700128)
MUHAMMAD NAIM BIN ADNAN (CF160231)

LECTURE NAME
DR NURUL HIDAYAH BINTI KAMARUDDIN

DATE SUBMIT : 30 MEI 2019

 CONTENT

NO TITLE PAGE

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 OBJECTIVE 2

3 PROBLEM STATEMENT 3

4 SOLUTION AND CALCULATION 4-8

5 FILA TABLE 9

6 CONCLUSION 10

7 REFERENCE 11

8 REFLECTION ASSESMENT 12-20

1.0 INTRODUCTION

A water tank is a container for storing water. Water tanks are used to provide storage
of water for use in many applications, drinking water, irrigation agriculture, fire suppression,
agricultural farming, both for plants and livestock, chemical manufacturing, food preparation
as well as many other uses. Water tank parameters include the general design of the tank, and
choice of construction materials, linings. Various materials are used for making a water tank:
plastics (polyethylene, polypropylene), fiberglass, concrete, stone, steel (welded or bolted,
carbon, or stainless). Earthen pots also function as water storages. Water tanks are an efficient
way to help developing countries to store clean water.

In field construction, design & calculation is importance to make sure safe in site.
Engineer must make sure the water tank is safe, enough, not leaked. Before construct the water
tank firstly plan of water tank drawing by architect and give the plan to engineer. Engineer
must check it is according criteria or not. Volume of water tank is important because for make
sure the water is enough to supply and beside that to estimate how much volume reach the limit
of water in water tank so that water doesn't overflow .In this case can use third integral method
to calculate maximum volume and minimum volume of water tank.

A double integral with a 1 in the integrand gives you area. When you have a function
for a surface in space in the integrand of a double integral, it multiplies the area by the height
of that surface, giving you a volume. If we have a triple integral with an integrand of 1 however,
we have a volume. Just like how we defined double integrals over not only rectangles, but over
more general two-dimensional regions D, we can define triple integrals over three-dimensional
regions E whose boundary, which now will be a surface instead of a curve, is sufficiently
‘smooth’. In virtually any situation we encounter, the region E will be defined by smooth
functions, so the boundary will also be smooth.

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2.0 OBJECTIVE

a) Develop an understanding of the principles of general basic mathematical techniques

of relevance of Civil engineers.
b) Develop appreciation of physical situations where the above mathematical technique
are useful.
c) Develop an understanding of what is meant by a mathematical model and be able to
construct simple models from real problems.
d) Develop the general equation for the volume of water tank and the rate of change by
using triple integrals method.

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3.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT

In the top of building in Kompleks Teruntum, Kuantan Pahang water tank was constructed.
After the construction of the water tank is completed, there are some problems faced such as
the case of broken water tank. There may be some overlooked sources during construction. As
an engineer we have to solve this problem so that it does not happen again. Maybe during
construction there are some mistakes such as not counting how much total water capacity to be
full in the water tank as well as the pressure that can be covered. In addition, the water tank is
not maintained according to the scheduled schedule. For this project we try to calculate the
design of water tank about the maximum volume, minimum volume and flow rate.

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4.0 SOLUTION & CALCULATION (MATH PROJECT)

A water tank was constructed at the top of building in Kompleks Teruntum, Daerah
Pahang. The measurement details of the tank had been state in the drawing below. Based on
the drawing, the width of the tank is 17.08m. The tank height is 20.00m and the length of the
tank is 23.00m. The maximum volume of the water that can filled the tank is 75% from the
total volume of the tank. When it reach the limit, the water flow will automatically cut off. The
water in the tank are keep in the tank for a temporary and it is directly supplied to the all parts
of complex. However, the tank must also be filled by at least 5% of the tank so that the water
are allowed to flow. The flow rate of water flow into the tank is 200L/min. What is the
maximum volume of the water allowed to be kept in the tank at once? Find the minimum
volume of the water that must be in the tank so that it can pump the water to be used. How long
does it take for the water to fill up the tank? Show the calculation by using the method of triple
integrals. Final answer must be in unit L. The time taken need to be state in unit day.

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4.1 CALCULATION

Based on the question, the width is 17.08m, the length is 23.00m and the height is
20.00m.
So we can assume that the width is on the y-axis, length on the x-axis and height on the
z-axis.

Width = 17.08m =y
Length = 23.00m =x
Height = 20.00m =z

The volume formula use for the rectangular shape is;

𝑉=𝑤×𝑙×ℎ
𝑉=𝑦×𝑥×𝑧

𝑑𝑉 = 𝑑𝑦 × 𝑑𝑥 × 𝑑𝑧

𝑉 = ∭ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧

𝑧 =20 .00 𝑥 =23 .00 𝑦 =17 .08

𝑉=∫ 𝑘∫ 𝑘∫ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑧
𝑧 =0 𝑥 =0 𝑦 =0

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6
Check by using formula volume of rectangle:

𝑉=𝑤×𝑙×ℎ

𝑉 = 17.08 × 23.00 × 20.00

𝑽 = 𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟔. 𝟖 𝒎𝟑

1. The maximum volume of water in the tank; 75%

At volume 5.8926 × 106 𝑙 the water supply will be cut off.

2. The minimum volume of water in the tank; 5%

At the volume of water that less than 3.9284 105 𝑙, the water are unable to be supplied
to the complex area.

3. Time taken by the water to fill up the tank.

𝑄 = 200𝐿/𝑚𝑖𝑛

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 𝑥 = 29463 𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝑥 = 491.05 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠

𝑥 = 20.46 𝑑𝑎𝑦

The tank are need at least 21 days for it to fill up the whole tank.

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5.0 FILA TABLE

FACTS IDEAS LEARNING ISSUE ACTION

The water tank are The volume of water What is the total Surfing the internet
used as water is limited for certain volume of the water
sources in Komplex level when it has must be in the tank?
Teruntum. been used.
The tank size is The water flow of What is the Find information
17.08m x 20.00m x the tank will cut off maximum volume of and solution from
23.00m was when it reach to the the water that the books
constructed. max level that it can tank can store at one
store at one time time?
The tank was The tank are Did the water from By group discussion
constructed at provided for the the tank can be used
Komplex Teruntum. community in that by the community if
area. the main water
source cut off?
The rate of water The flow of water in What is the time for Surfing the internet
flow in the tank is the tank was the tank to be fully
200L/m constant filled?

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6.0 CONCLUSION

We can conclude that, in civil engineering field, we have to apply mathematics analysis to
design and construct water tank. After completing this project report we know that
mathematical knowledge can solve various problems that are at the construction site. Besides
that we can also analyse the data and can apply it to the real situation. Our objective can be
achieve.

The problem is solved with Civil Engineering Mathematics III. With this group projects,
skill of problem solving by using triple integral method. Triple integral could be applied in real
life to find out the volume.

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7.0 REFERENCE

1. Abd Wahid Md Raji, Phang Chang, Phang Piau, (2007). Engineering Mathematics III
BSM2913. Penerbit UTHM. (Learning Module)

2. Andrew Chadwick and John Morfett. (1993). Hydraulics in Civil and Environmental
Engineering. London: E & FN SPON.

3. James Stewart (2003). Calculus. USA. Thomson Learning Inc.

4. Robert T. Smith, and Roland B. Minton (2012). Calculus Early Transcendental

Function (4th Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.

5. Robert T. Smith, and Roland B. Minton (2002). Calculus Multivariable (2nd Edition).
New York: McGraw-Hill.

6. Howard Anton, Irl Bivens, Stephen Davis (2002). Calculus (7th Edition). New York:
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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 FACULTY OF CIVIL ENVIRONAMNTAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSIEN ONN MALAYSIA
Weekly Reflection Assessment
Problem Based Learning

ABDUL RAZAK BIN GHAZALI [CF160198]

Date: 05/05/2019

Books:

a) Calculus Multivariable (2nd Edition)

b) Calculus Early Transcendental Functions (4th Edition)
c) Engineering Mathematics III

Other Learning Activities:

a) Learn the introduction of multiple systematic and comprehensive partial variables and
differentiation.
b) Understand the relevance of partial equations and differentiation through their
applications in various fields of engineering.
c) Examine multiple types of multiple integration that can be used in engineering.
d) Finding appropriate theories and techniques for solving partial and various differentials
that can be used to solve practical engineering problems.

Reflection:

After reading the 2 books above, we chose to use partial differential method in finding
the volume of water in the tank. The problem statement is well accepted by the lecturer as it
may be attributed to the application of engineering mathematics 3 in this solution.

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 FACULTY OF CIVIL ENVIRONAMNTAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSIEN ONN MALAYSIA
Weekly Reflection Assessment
Problem Based Learning

MATTHEW MAMEK ANAK SANGGAT [CF160064]

Date: 10/05/2019

Books:
a) Engineering Mathematics III
b) Calculus (5th Edition)
c) Calculus (7th Edition)

Other Learning Activities:

a) Engineering Mathematics Module III has a lot of information related to the project.
b) Calculus Book (7th Edition), has more practice. Mainly consists of all subtopics of
partial derivatives and various integrals.
c) Examining and understanding the basic partial differential equations and various
integral methods.
d) Examine the subsequent use of parametric equations and polar coordinates.

Reflection:
The above three books are ideally suited for practical use as a reference material for
finding solutions that are appropriate for the disclosure of our project problems. The 3rd edition
of Mathematics Engineering III module and book Calculus serve as a guide to solve some of
the problem statements of this project.

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 FACULTY OF CIVIL ENVIRONAMNTAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSIEN ONN MALAYSIA
Weekly Reflection Assessment

Problem Based Learning

MOHAMAD EZAM AMNI BIN ABDUL ALIM [CF160189]

Date: 13/05/2019

Books:
a) Calculus early Transcendental Functions (4th Edition)
b) Calculus Multi-variable (2nd Edition)

Other Learning Activities:

a) Taken in a methodical and extensive introduction to a functions of several variables and
partial differentiation
b) Focused on the relevant of partial differential equations through their applications in
various engineering disciplines
c) Learning various types of multiple integrations that are being applied in engineering
fields.
d) Theory and technique for solving partial differential and multiple integrations that are
then applied to solve practical engineering problem

Reflection:

In the wake of perusing the books above we utilize the incomplete differential
strategy in finding the volume of concrete that being pump into the bore pile. This issue is
dismissed because of the lack of application in engineering mathematics 3 in this solution.

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 FACULTY OF CIVIL ENVIRONAMNTAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSIEN ONN MALAYSIA
Weekly Reflection Assessment
Problem Based Learning

SALAHUDIN BIN HALIM [CF160071]

Date: 18/05/2019

Books:
a) Further Engineering Mathematics (3rd Edition)
b) Hydraulics in Civil and Environmental Engineering (2nd Edition)

Other Learning Activities:

a) Learned and understand the analysis method for triple integrate formula in civil
engineering fields.

b) Learned to calculate the maximum and minimum volume precisely by using suitable
formula.

Reflection:
After we went through these books we proposed our problem statement. This time our
project was excepted. We calculate the volume of the water .

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 FACULTY OF CIVIL ENVIRONAMNTAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSIEN ONN MALAYSIA
Weekly Reflection Assessment
Problem Based Learning

MUHAMMAD ALIFF BIN SHAHARUDDIN [CF170128]

Date: From 20/05/2019

Books:
a) Engineering Mathematics III BSM2913.

Other Learning Activities:

a) Learned the application of engineering mathematics 3 in civil engineering field.

b) The appropriate method that can relate the problem statement and solutions.

c) Learned to narrow down the scope of study and relate it will the application of triple
integral.

d) Work together as a team to brainstorm a suitable solution. Using all the resources.

Reflection:

We develop the equation needed by referring the module stated above. Using the
3dimentional Cartesian from triple integrals, we find the volume water, maximum water and
minimum volume water.
.

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 FACULTY OF CIVIL ENVIRONAMNTAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSIEN ONN MALAYSIA
Weekly Reflection Assessment
Problem Based Learning

MUHAMMAD NAIM BIN ADNAN [CF160231]

Date: 25/05/2019

Books:
d) Engineering Mathematics III
e) Calculus (5th Edition)
f) Calculus (7th Edition)

Other Learning Activities:

a) Learn the application of parametric equations and polar coordinates to solve this
problem.
b) Analyze problems based on examples of questions related to the field of civil
engineering.
c) Examine the method of partial differentiation and various integral methods.
d) Learn the detailed analysis of the various types of questions related to this problem.
e) Calculus (7th Edition), has more examples. Closes most of all subtopic derivatives of
partial and various integrals.

Reflection:
The books are practical and well-suited to be used as a reference to problem solving in this
project. The 5th edition count helps solve some of the problem statements and teaches us the
right method to solve the problem.

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 FACULTY OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITI
TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
BFC24103 Civil Engineering Mathematics III Project Semester II Session 2018/2019
Overall reflection on learning experience for this project
(To be filled by student at the end of project)

1. Content

The water level in the tank at Kompleks Teruntum Kuantan building was unable to
accommodate water demand again. The failure of the existing water tank to accommodate
the quantity of water has caused the water tank to break. The incident took place on 23 July
2017 at about 12.45 pm that resulted in the collapse of the stone wall from the level four of
building. It is understood that last time the building management turned the water tank on
the fourth floor of the complex was about 15 years ago. For this project we try to calculate
the design of water tank about the maximum volume, minimum volume and flow rate.

2. Learning Activities

a) Identify the types of multiple integration.

b) Application of multiple integral in civil engineering fields.
c) Determine the suitable integration methods such as double and triple integration to
solve the problem statement.
d) Application of multiple integral method (triple integration) to observe the design of
water tank about the maximum volume, minimum volume and flow rate.

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 3. Instructor (s)
a) Lecturers help us to improve the basis of our problem statement at CLO 2.
b) The lecturer instructs us to find the appropriate problem statement that can use the
solution from Mathematical Engineering 3.
c) Our lecturers recommend that we draw a suitable diagram for the proposed water
tank.
d) The lecturer approves our problem statement so we can continue our project.

4. Group Members
a) We do group discussion and find suitable problem statement to our title.
b) We do some research on our title using internet.
- Our group findings relate to the field of civil engineering. So our problem
statement was accepted by the lecturer.
c) We find some topic related to our title by using material from library.
- Books

d) We divided the task among us to complete the report.

5. Generic/soft skills
Generic skills
a) Find a problem statement that related to Engineering Mathematics 3 topics.
b) The change in water level of the water tank that located at level four of Kompleks
Teruntum.
c) We assume that the water tank is in square.
d) Using method of 3-dimensional Cartesian from triple integrals we find the volume
for normal water level, maximum volume that can be stored in the water tank and
rate of water flow into the tank.
Humanistic Skills
a) Everybody give their fully commitment to finish the project.
b) We learned to accept other opinions and suggestion.
c) Everybody show their leadership skill to make sure the given task done on time.

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 6. Overall/others
At the end of this project, we can learn how to use Engineering Mathematics 3 into the Civil
Engineering field. We can also learn how to implement the 3-dimensional Cartesian from
the triple integral in finding the maximum water level in the water tank. This method is useful
for preventing the overflow of water in the building's water tank and can also prevent the
occurrence of ruptured water tanks and find solutions that are suitable for solving this
problem.

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