Internship Report

On

Ahmed Hassan Textile Mills

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Submitted TO

Mr. Rashid Saeed

Submitted By:

Muhammad shahzaib

BBAML-15-

Department Of Business Administration

Bahaudin Zakariya University,

Bahadur Sub Campus Layyah
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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am extremely thankful to Allah Almighty for blessing us strength and perseverance to finish
this difficult task. I believed on Him that has persevered. I would like to pay mark of respect to
our beloved prophet (Saw) who is eternally a source of guidance and inspiration for us.

Muhammad shahzaib

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 DEDICATION

THIS EFFORT I DEDICATED TO MY TEACHER AS FOR HIS LEARNING IS

MAKES US CAPABLE OF DELIVERING SUCH GOOD PERFORMANCE. IT WAS
MADE POSSIBLE WITH His SUPPORT ONLY.

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 Executive Summary

In this report I have given a very brief review of what I have seen during our internship I

have mentioned all these as I have made an internship as according to the schedule. I

also mentioned about the Textile industry in Pakistan and vision of its industry. Then I

have done a detailed SWOT analysis.

Then I have discussed about my learning in the whole internship that is all about the

Textile Terminologies and process of the productions. I have made it possible to write

each and every thing that I have learnt there. I have all my practical efforts in the form of

this manuscript that’s the asset for my future career.

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 Contents
1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................................................................... iv
2 DEDICATION .......................................................................................................................................... v
3 Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. vi
4 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1
5 VISION ................................................................................................................................................... 3
6 MISSION ................................................................................................................................................ 3
7 Fields of textile ...................................................................................................................................... 3
7.1 Process Flow chart of Spinning ..................................................................................................... 4
7.2 Faults/Defects/Problems in Weaving: .......................................................................................... 5
7.3 Processing Department:................................................................................................................ 5
7.4 Bleaching Department: ................................................................................................................. 6
7.5 CUTTING DEPARTMENT ................................................................................................................ 7
7.6 Marketing ...................................................................................................................................... 7
8 SWOT Analysis....................................................................................................................................... 8
9 Learning as internee ............................................................................................................................. 9
10 CONCLUSION & RECOMENDATION ................................................................................................ 10

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 Introduction

The Textile Industry:

Over the years, Pakistan is said to be the single crop economy i.e. cotton and textile that claims
the lion's share in terms of the contribution in the national economy of Pakistan. Despite efforts
to bring in diversification in country's overall economic get-up the textile sector continues to be
the most important segment of the national economy. Its share in the economy, in terms of GDP,
exports, employment, foreign exchange earnings, investment and revenue generation altogether
placed the textile industry as the single largest determinant of the economic growth of the
country.
Despite harsh and hard international economic conditions, Pakistan's textile industry has
weathered the storm by coming out of the international crisis in a very positive manner. During
the year exports were controlled from falling and significant investment was made in value-
added expansion and in Balancing-Modernization- Replacement (BMR). Besides fall out of the
events of September 11, the implementation of WTO's agreement, various bilateral agreements
have been signed and implemented. As a result global scenario has changed. Government and
the corporate textile sector adjusted their policies to achieve maximum benefits of free trade. So,
local structure of the corporate culture, investment pattern and fiscal and monetary policies were
significantly changed.
Ahmad Hassan Textile Mills Limited (AHTM) Is One Of The Evolving Textile Composite Unit
Of Pakistan, Located In District Muzaffargarh And Was Incorporated In The Province Of Punjab
In December 1989. Its Shares Are Quoted On All Stock Exchanges In Pakistan. The Firm Is
Primarily Engaged In Spinning And Weaving Allowing For Sale Of Yarn And Fabric Products.
AHTM Has An Annual Capacity Of Producing Grey Cloth Of 40 Million Sq. Meters Annually.
AHTM Has A Solid Export-Oriented Sales Mix, Constituting 70% Of Total Company Sales
While Holding 0.2% Market Share Of Total Industry Exports. The Company Supplies Its
Products To Customers In Europe, Africa And Other Asian Countries.
Present Status of Pakistan Textile Engineering Sector

The Pakistan Textile Engineering Sector Is Underdeveloped And Under Utilized. Mostly It
Caters In The Form Of Spares, Components For Modernization And Machines Used In Cottage.
A Cursory Look At The Structure Of Pakistan Textile Industry Shows That Most Of Them Are
Cottage Industry, Small/Medium Industrial Units And Little Large Integrated State Of Art Units.
The Number Of Units Which Fall Under Each Category Varies From Sub-Sector To Sub-Sector.
Similarly The Textile Engineering Units Also Vary From Small, Medium And Large In Size.
The Textile Engineering Industry Comprises Approximately 80% Small Work Shops, 15%
Medium Engineering Units And 5% Large Engineering Units. It Will Not Be Out Place To
Mention That The Large Engineering Units Are In Public Sector. The Small And Medium
Engineering Units Work On Reverse Engineering Principles, Only Few Work According To
Engineering Drawings And Still Fewer Have Testing Or Quality Control Facilities.
On The Basis Of Initial Survey Of Textile Engineering Units (Not Complete Yet),
Approximately 500 Units Are Engaged All Over Pakistan, Employing Approximately 50000
Work Force Which Is Mostly Skilled. Even Under the Present Conditions And Without Any
Support, Pakistan Textile Engineering Industry Is Providing Import Substitution Worth Around

The Textile Engineering Sector Is Throttled Through Taxes On Raw Material, Import Of
Components, Electronic And Electrical Parts.

Need For Training Institutions

Diploma Level Courses On The Pattern Of Pak-Swiss Training Centre In Karachi Should Also
Be Opened In The Textile Institutions In Faisalabad And Karachi And More Such Courses
Should Be Introduced In The Polytechnics In Areas Like Multan, Hyderabad, Lahore And
Gujranwala.

Pakistan S Textile Industry Has Been Investing For The Last Five Years In Modernization And
The Improvement Of The Production Base. During This Period The Sector Has Invested Over
US$ 5.0 Billion In Modernization And Higher Value Addition. Break Up Of Investment Is Given
As Under.

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VISION
To be a world class and leading organization continuously providing high quality textile
products.

MISSION

To Be A Model Diversified Textile Organization Exceeding Expectations Of All Stakeholders.

We Will Achieve
This by Utilizing Best Blend of State-Of-The-Art Technologies, Excellent Business Processes,
High Performing People, and Synergetic Organizational Culture.

Fields of textile

Flow Chart of Textile Processing:

Input/Raw Materials →→ Processing

Steps → →→→→→ Output

Textile Fibers →→→→→→ Yarn Manufacturing →→→→→→→→→→→ Yarn

↓
↓

Yarn→→→→→→→ Fabric Manufacturing→→→→→Grey Fabrics

↓
↓

Grey Fabrics→→→→→→Wet Processing →→→→→Finished Fabrics

Finished Fabrics→→→→ →Garment Manufacturing→→→→→ Garments

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Process Flow chart of Spinning

1. Blow Room
2. Carding
3. Drawing
4. Combing
5. Drawing
6. Simplex machine
7. Ring Spinning
8. Auto cone
9. Carding

Carding
Carding machines further loosen and separate the fibers by passing them between two rotating
metals drums covered with wire needles. This aligns the fibers in a the web of parallel fibers
which is formed into a ropelike strand called sliver.

Drawing:

Drawing is the operation by which slivers are blended, doubled and leveled.

 To straighten the crimped, curled and hooked fibers.

 To make the fiber parallel to their neighbors.
 To improve uniformity of fibers by drafting and doubling.
 To reduce weight per length unit of sliver.
 To remove dust from slivers

Combing:

Combing is very expensive. It’s used to remove fibers shortens tan a predetermined length,
So as to enable spinner to produce finer yarn.

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Faults/Defects/Problems in Weaving:

Major problems/faults/defects of weaving are pointed out below:

 Warp streaks
 Reediness
 Weft bar
 Weft crack
 Thick and thin places
 Weft loops
 Box marks
 High incidence of warp breaks
 Weft breaks
 Shuttle traps

Processing Department:

Processing Unit of every textile mill has a paramount importance because it actually provide the
finish fabric product which is either sent to customer either as a piece good or as made up after
converting the fabric into the required stitched product. The processing unit of NML comprises
of the following department:

 Bleaching Department
 Finishing Department
 Printing Department
 Dyeing Department
 Folding Department
 Quality Control Lab
 Digital Design Studio & Engraving Department

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  Sample Room
 Production & Planning Department

Bleaching Department:

Bleaching: As a whole this process consists of resizing process, scouring and bleaching.
Pretreatment process basically aim to removal all impurities found on fiber (especially cellulose)
so that materials have
i) Degree of white,
ii) Absorbent to dyestuff.
The raw material in generally containing unwanted matter of fibers and the impurities of fibers.
This impurities is :
• Natural impurities is the dirt is emerge together on cotton.
• Impurities from outside
Dirt coming from outsider, yarn or fabric, for example: oil, dust, parts of leaf, branch, stains of
oil from machine and etc.

Dyeing Department:
Dyeing is the process of adding color to textile products like fibers, yarns, and fabrics. Dyeing is
normally done in a special solution containing dyes and particular chemical material.

Printing Department:
The Printing department of AH Mills Limited comprises of three rotaries, i.e. Reggianni,
Zimmer & Stork. Along with these three rotaries, the printing department has three sampling
tables to fulfill the sample need of the customers of NML.
The Printing department of NML is working at its best & producing really good stuff. After the
printing from the rotaries, the route of the fabric depends on the dye class.
If the reactive dyes have been used, then the fabric will be taken to first of all Ager Machine
& then Goller Soaper Washing, then to Stenter finish & finally to the calendar.

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Engraving Department:
In the Engraving Department of NML, the screens are generally prepared which are then used in
the printing process.
Finishing Department:
Finishing department of any textile mill has a very significant importance because it acts like a
hub in the Processing. Almost every fabric which goes through processing unit, it has to be
passed through the finishing department.

CUTTING DEPARTMENT

The cutting department is the first department of GSC, which takes the fabric. The fabric, which
is to be stitched, is brought from the folding department to the cutting department. In this
department the fabric is cut according to the specifications & need. The Gerber Garment
Technology (GST) is used to perform the marker making, spreading and cutting functions But in
NML cutting dept. most of use manual cutting because its production is more than GST.

Marketing

The marketing team utilizes the best industry tools along with years of professional expertise to
achieve cost optimization of all products. They research global trends and work with local and
international vendors to source various fabrics and accessories required during manufacturing.
This facilitates in accomplishing the company's vision of creating high class home textile
products.
Over the years the AH Marketing team has been successful to build trust with various known
global brands like Micheal Korrs, Crate and Barrel, Tommy Hilfiger, Ralph Lauren etc. which
are associated with consumers throughout the planet.
Ahmed Hassan Mills Limited is known to be the best marketing department in the whole textile
industry because of the commitment and dedication of employees, the determination of work &
the best management system. AH Marketing has a very strong liaison with their customers
around the world. That’s why AH different segments have on the basis of different regions like
North America, Australia and Europe.

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Every region has a different Export Manager and its whole staff. The marketing responsibility is
not only to just sales and marketing it has also to find out new horizons and new ways. That’s
why Managers visit to new Markets around the world.

SWOT Analysis
Strengths

 Strong Security System

 High quality product
 Latest mechanized machinery.
 Tremendous market positioning
 Highly qualified and skilled management
 Highly Motivated Workforce
 Adequate financial resources

Weakness

 High cost of production

 Centralized decision making
 Weak image in the international market Small international market share
 Less promotional activities
 Lack of benefits and rewards for the employees

Opportunities

 Organization can expand product lines

 Organization can capture new market segments around the world
 Organization can reduce the cost by proper utilization of resources
 Organization can hire more well-educated and experienced person

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Threats

 New Entry of competitors

 Buyer needs demands changes
 Political instability
 Changed of government policies
 Globally Economic instability

Learning as internee

It was a tremendous experience that I have availed with devotion and commitment. I have an
interest in textile industry that's because Textile is the back bone of the economy of the country.
But one thing I want to share it is not easy that looks it has a great toughness and complications
in its process but the overall it was nice and great. Here I am sharing some of my learning
regarding my internship in different departments.

 First I met Mr. Yousif the sales representative who came to introduce some new products
in AH textile mills. I discussed about the marketing practices going on in the
international Textile market. To target your customer after knowing needs with product
solution of the customer need.
 In the spinning unit I have learnt about the yarn construction and the yarn specification
and the process of cotton to yarn.
 I learnt that every problem is solved with a systematic process like from the root of the
problem.
 I also performed some task in the spinning department like how to calculate the no of
frames for a specific order and how many days are require for a specific order.
 I learnt about the marketing procedure and required of the documents and dealing with
customers. All the record is saved.
 During my internship I learnt about the value that customer is the only who come first.
The fulfillment of the demand of customer is our basic motive.
 The quality control as well inception in the textile department should be parallel.

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  I learnt about the HR policies that how many types of hiring AH textile limited is using.
And what are the procedures about HR matters.
 I learnt that in the textile sector the cutting and stitching based on two rules.

CONCLUSION & RECOMENDATION

Throughout our four weeks training in Ahmed Hassan textile, we learnt so many practical things
about the pretreatment process. We study function and importance of pretreatment department
and its procedure to do the production. We perceived about this organization that, it has a strong
departmental structure and this is playing a vital role in the organization success. The
pretreatment department can add up its efforts in the betterment of organization by reducing
errors on consistent basis, as improvement is not a one day process it’s a slow day by day
process.

As now a day there is energy crisis in Pakistan also, the energy is costly, therefore
department should strive for less wastage of energy by any means, as like gas mixture of Menzel
1 and 2 singeing machine in not appropriate. Steam and water leakages should be avoided in
supply lines. The heavy mercury and Discharge lamps should be off when unnecessary
maximum advantage of day light should be taken.

Drying cylinders of roller bleaching can be isolated from the surroundings, as now more energy
is used because of transferring of heat into the surroundings. The department should also go for
preventive maintenance as when machinery started abnormal noise or jerk before it broke down.

The attitude of the worker of department is well and proactive towards work especially
MR.Manager, He frequently rounds the department and sure that every things and every one is

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appropriate, but it was observed that some workes are not interested in the company training
program.

The organization should also start developing new process and technological break through
for the betterment of the country textile industry and should provide a plate form for this
purpose to the experts and the students as because the future of the country textile industry is
very tough and competitive to survive

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