Assignments on E-R Diagram

Q.1 Computer Sciences Department frequent fliers have been complaining toDane
County Airport officials about the poor organization at the airport. As a result,the
officials decided that all information related to the airport should be
organizedusing a DBMS, and you have been hired to design the database. Your
first task isto organize the information about all the airplanes stationed and
maintained at theairport. The relevant information is as follows:
1. Every airplane has a registration number, and each airplane is of a specific
model.
2. The airport accommodates a number of airplane models, and each model is
identifiedby a model number (e.g., DC-10) and has a capacity and a weight.
3. A number of technicians work at the airport. You need to store the name,
AADHAR NO.,address, phone number, and salary of each technician.
4. Each technician is an expert on one or more plane model(s), and his or her
expertisemay overlap with that of other technicians. This information about
techniciansmust also be recorded.
5. Traffic controllers must have an annual medical examination. For each
trafficcontroller, you must store the date of the most recent exam.
6. All airport employees (including technicians) belong to a union. You must
storethe union membership number of each employee. You can assume that
eachemployee is uniquely identified by a social security number.
7. The airport has a number of tests that are used periodically to ensure that
airplanesare still airworthy. Each test has a Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA)test number, a name, and a maximum possible score.
8. The FAA requires the airport to keep track of each time a given airplane is
testedby a given technician using a given test. For each testing event, the
informationneeded is the date, the number of hours the technician spent
doing the test, andthe score the airplane received on the test.
Draw an ER diagram for the airport database. Be sure to indicate the various
attributes of each entity and relationship set; also specify the key and participation
constraints for each relationship set. Specify any necessary overlap and covering
constraints as well (in English).

Q.2) Pictown Records has decided to store information about musicians

whoperform on its albums (as well as other company data) in a database. The
companyhas wisely chosen to hire you as a database designer (at your usual
consulting fee of2500/day).
  Each musician that records at Pictown has an AADHAR NO., a name, an
address, anda phone number. Poorly paid musicians often share the same
address, and noaddress has more than one phone.
 Each instrument used in songs recorded at Pictown has a unique
identificationnumber, a name (e.g., guitar, synthesizer, flute) and a musical
key (e.g., C, B-flat,E-flat).
 Each album recorded on the Pictown label has a unique identification
number, atitle, a copyright date, a format (e.g., CD or MC), and an album
identifier.
 Each song recorded at Pictown has a title and an author.
 Each musician may play several instruments, and a given instrument may be
played by several musicians.
 Each album has a number of songs on it, but no song may appear on more
than one album.
 Each song is performed by one or more musicians, and a musician may
perform anumber of songs.
 Each album has exactly one musician who acts as its producer. A musician
may produce several albums, of course.

Draw an ER diagram that captures this information.

Q.3 A company database needs to store information about employees (identified

by AADHAR NO., with salary and phone as attributes), departments (identified by
dno, with dname and budget as attributes), and children of employees (with name
and age as attributes). Employees work in departments; each department is
managed by an employee; a child must be identified uniquely by name when the
parent (who is anemployee; assume that only one parent works for the company) is
known. We are not interested in information about a child once the parent leaves
the company.

Draw an ER diagram that captures this information.

Q.4) Consider the following information about a university database:

 Professors have an AADHAR NO., a name, an age, a rank, and a research
specialty.
 Projects have a project number, a sponsor name (e.g., NSF), a starting date,
anending date, and a budget.
 Graduate students have an AADHAR NO., a name, an age, and a degree
program (e.g., M.S.or Ph.D.).
  Each project is managed by one professor (known as the project’s
principalinvestigator).
 Each project is worked on by one or more professors (known as the
project’sco-investigators).
 Professors can manage and/or work on multiple projects.
 Each project is worked on by one or more graduate students (known as
theproject’s research assistants).
 When graduate students work on a project, a professor must supervise their
workon the project. Graduate students can work on multiple projects, in
which casethey will have a (potentially different) supervisor for each one.
 Departments have a department number, a department name, and a main
office.
 Departments have a professor (known as the chairman) who runs the
department.
 Professors work in one or more departments, and for each department that
theywork in, a time percentage is associated with their job.
 Graduate students have one major department in which they are working on
theirdegree.
 Each graduate student has another, more senior graduate student (known as
astudent advisor) who advises him or her on what courses to take.

Design and draw an ER diagram that captures the information about the university.
Use only the basic ER model here; that is, entities, relationships, and attributes.
Besure to indicate any key and participation constraints.

Q.5) A university database contains information about professors (identifiedby

social security number, or AADHAR NO.) and courses (identified by courseid).
Professorsteach courses; each of the following situations concerns the Teaches
relationship set. Foreach situation, draw an ER diagram that describes it (assuming
no further constraintshold).
 Professors can teach the same course in several semesters, and each offering
mustbe recorded.
 Professors can teach the same course in several semesters, and only the
mostrecent such offering needs to be recorded.
 Every professor must teach some course.
 Every professor teaches exactly one course (no more, no less).
  Every professor teaches exactly one course (no more, no less), and every
coursemust be taught by some professor.
 Now suppose that certain courses can be taught by a team of professors
jointly,but it is possible that no one professor in a team can teach the course.
Model thissituation, introducing additional entity sets and relationship sets if
necessary.

Q.6) The Prescriptions-R-X chain of pharmacies has offered to give you afree
lifetime supply of medicine if you design its database. Given the rising cost
ofhealth care, you agree. Here’s the information that you gather:
 Patients are identified by an AADHAR NO., and their names, addresses, and
ages must berecorded.
 Doctors are identified by an AADHAR NO. For each doctor, the name,
specialty, and yearsof experience must be recorded.
 Each pharmaceutical company is identified by name and has a phone
number.
 For each drug, the trade name and formula must be recorded. Each drug
issold by a given pharmaceutical company, and the trade name identifies a
druguniquely from among the products of that company. If a pharmaceutical
companyis deleted, you need not keep track of its products any longer.
 Each pharmacy has a name, address, and phone number.
 Every patient has a primary physician. Every doctor has at least one patient.
 Each pharmacy sells several drugs and has a price for each. A drug could be
soldat several pharmacies, and the price could vary from one pharmacy to
another.
 Doctors prescribe drugs for patients. A doctor could prescribe one or more
drugsfor several patients, and a patient could obtain prescriptions from
several doctors.Each prescription has a date and a quantity associated with it.
You can assumethat, if a doctor prescribes the same drug for the same
patient more than once,only the last such prescription needs to be stored.
 Pharmaceutical companies have long-term contracts with pharmacies. A
pharmaceuticalcompany can contract with several pharmacies, and a
pharmacy cancontract with several pharmaceutical companies. For each
contract, you have tostore a start date, an end date, and the text of the
contract.Pharmacies appoint a supervisor for each contract. There must
always be a supervisorfor each contract, but the contract supervisor can
change over the lifetimeof the contract.
  Draw an ER diagram that captures the preceding information. Identify any
constraintsnot captured by the ER diagram.

 How would your design change if each drug must be sold at a fixed price by
allpharmacies?

 How would your design change if the design requirements change as

follows: If adoctor prescribes the same drug for the same patient more than
once, several suchprescriptions may have to be stored.

Q.7) Although you always wanted to be an artist, you ended up being an expert on
databases because you love to cook. You set up a database company, ArtBase, that
builds a product for art galleries. The core of this product is a database with a
schema that captures all the information that galleries need to maintain. Galleries
keep information about artists, their names (which are unique), birthplaces, age,
and style of art. For each piece of artwork, the artist, the year it was made, its
unique title, its type of art (e.g., painting, lithograph, sculpture, photograph), and
its price must be stored. Pieces of artwork are also classified into groups of various
kinds, for example, portraits, still lifes, works by Picasso, or works of the 19th
century; a given piece may belong to more than one group. Each group is identified
by a name (like those just given) that describes the group. Finally, galleries keep
information about customers. For each customer, galleries keep that person’s
unique name, address, total amount spent in the gallery (very important!), and the
artists and groups of art that the customer tends to like.
Draw the ER diagram for the database.