Scribd
Upload
269 views

Week 2 Introduction To Statistics

The document provides an overview of an introductory statistics session for public health students. It discusses basic statistical concepts, sources of routine health data and their interpretation. The objectives are for students to apply statistics to public health studies and recognize appropriate statistical tools. Key terms like population, sample, variable and data types are defined. Methods of data collection, presentation through narrative, tables and graphs are also outlined.

Uploaded by

Julie Anne Tan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
269 views

Week 2 Introduction To Statistics

The document provides an overview of an introductory statistics session for public health students. It discusses basic statistical concepts, sources of routine health data and their interpretation. The objectives are for students to apply statistics to public health studies and recognize appropriate statistical tools. Key terms like population, sample, variable and data types are defined. Methods of data collection, presentation through narrative, tables and graphs are also outlined.

Uploaded by

Julie Anne Tan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

• Overview of Session

- The students are


introduced to basic
concepts in statistics
and analysis and
presentation of public
health data, using a
INTRODUCTION non-mathematical
approach. Sources of
TO STATISTICS routine data and their
interpretation will be
likewise discussed.
- The session will also
provide students with
basic tools needed to
manage, analyze and
interpret information
and statistics.
OBJECTIVES

At the end of the session the student should be


able to:
• Apply statistical principles to specific area to
study within the public health.
• Recognize and utilize appropriate statistical
procedure and tools.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. POPULATION- consists of all the members of
the group about which you want to draw a
conclusion.
2. SAMPLE- is a portion, or part, of the
population of interest selected for
analysis
3. CONSTANT- is a characteristic of objects,
people, or events that does not vary.
4. VARIABLE- is a characteristic of
objects, people, or events that can take
of different values. It can vary in
quantity or quality
DATA
Two Types of Data:
1. Primary Data
are those obtained first hand by the
investigator to help him answer
specifically the purposes of his study

2. Secondary Data
are those which are already existing and
which have been obtained by some other
people for purposes not necessarily
those of the investigator’s.
• As a METHOD
-it refers to orderly processes of data
collection, organization, presentation
and interpretation (tabulation of data,
computation of rates and frequency
distribution, graphic presentation)

• As a DATA
-it refers to quantitative data affected
to a marked extent by a multiplicity of
causes.
-Data are collected in order to measure
something (number of deaths, births,
specific diseases, hospital admissions)
SOURCES OF DATA
• Census
• Registries of vital events
• Reports of occurrence of notifiable
diseases
• Different records
• Family Records (kept by RHU)
• Laboratories, Pharmacies, Blood banking
centers, and Private practitioners
• Statistical publications (Phil. Health
Statistics, Weekly Disease Bulletin,
Annual Demographic yearbook)
METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION
1. Documented sources
• Saves time, energy and money
• Data is routinely obtained, did not have in mind the
specific questions of the researcher
2. Sample Surveys-studies specific segments or subsets of
population
3. Census- studies total population
• De facto-people are allocated to the areas where they
were physically present at the census date regardless of
where they usually live
• De Jure- assigns individuals to the place of their usual
residence regardless of where they were actually
enumerated during the census.
4. Interview
• -one on one encounter, use list of questions, to know
opinions or feelings of subjects
• Questionnaires can be sent for respondents living in far-
flung areas
CLASSIFICATION OF STATISTICAL DATA
1. Demographic- ex. Population size, age, sex,
geographic distribution, mortality,
morbidity, growth rate
2. Health Status- ex. Causes and distribution
of mortality and morbidity as to residence,
place of occurrence, age, sex
3. Health Resources- ex. Number and
distribution of health facilities, health
manpower, health expenditures
4. Health-related Socio-economic
Environmental Factors- ex. Water supply,
excreta disposal, school enrollment, food
establishment, transports, food
intake/habits
METHODS OF DATA PRESENTATION

• NARRATIVE OR TEXTUAL METHOD


• TABULAR PRESENTATION
• GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION
NARRATIVE OR TEXTUAL PRESENTATION OF DATA
“A census conducted in Barangay X in Cavite
by the International Institute of Rural
Reconstruction in 1988 showed that there were
272 females aged between 15 and 44 years old.
Of these women, 75 or 28% were less than 20 yrs.
Old, 106 or 39% were between 20 and 29 while 91
or 33% were between 30 and 44. Approximately
sixty-six percent (66%) or 181 of the women had
married atleast once. Among the proportion of
15-19 age group, only 6 women or 8% were ever-
married. The proportion of ever-married women
increased sharply in the 20-29 age group to 81%
or 86 women. For the 30-44 age group, the
number of ever-married women was 89 or 98% of
the women in this age bracket.”
TABULAR PRESENTATION
TABULATION
- It refers to the arrangement of
any data in an orderly sequence, so
that they can be presented
concisely and compactly and so that
they can be understood easily.

TABLES
• Provide a compact way of presenting large
sets of detailed information
• Simplicity, clarity and directness are
prime considerations in the construction of
tables
PARTS OF A TABLE
GRAPHICAL
PRESENTATION
• Graphs are simpler to read and
appeal to a greater number of
people than tables.
• Large complex data can be presented
in a simpler language
• Trends or patterns which could
otherwise be missed in tables stand
out more clearly.
BAR GRAPH
- For
comparisons of
absolute or
relative counts
PIE CHART
- Shows the
breakdown of a
group per total
where the number
of categories is
not too many
HISTOGRAM
• Similar to a bar graph but groups
number into ranges
FREQUENCY
POLYGON
- Same
function as
histogram
LINE DIAGRAM
• Shows trend data or changes with time or
age with respect to some other variable
SCATTERPOINT/SCATTERPLOT
• Show correlation between
simultaneous measurement
• shows relationship between 2 sets
of data
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING

You might also like