N4-Expressions Formulae Worksheets2018 PDF
N4-Expressions Formulae Worksheets2018 PDF
FORMULAE
WORKSHEETS
National 4
Mathematics Department – Biggar High School
Name:
EXPRESSIONS and FORMULAE
Applying algebraic skills to manipulating expressions and working with formulae
Simplifying an expression which has more than one variable
Using the distributive law in an expression with a numerical common factor to
produce a sum of terms
Factorising a sum of terms with a numerical common factor
Evaluating an expression or formulae which has more than one variable
Extending a straightforward number or diagrammatic pattern and
determining its formula
Calculating the gradient of a straight line from horizontal and vertical
distances
Applying geometric skills to circumference, area and volume
Calculating the circumference of a circle
Calculating the area of a circle
Calculating the area of a parallelogram, kite and trapezium
Investigating the surface of a prism
Calculating the volume of a prism
Using rotational symmetry
Applying statistical skills to representing and analysing data and to probability
Constructing a frequency table with class intervals from raw data
Determining mean, median, mode and range of a data set
Interpreting calculated statistics to compare data
Representing raw data in a pie chart
Using probability
Applying algebraic skills to manipulating expressions and working with formula
Simplifying an expression which has more than one variable
3 1 5 7 2 2
(j) c + c + 3c (k) m+3+ m (l) y+5+ y
4 2 8 8 3 3
2 1 2 4 2 2 5 1
(m) 1 x+ x– x (n) 2 d + d – 2d (o) 3 y+ z+ y
3 2 3 7 7 3 6 3
Using the distributive law in an expression with a numerical common factor to
produce a sum of terms
(m) 9(1 + 3e) (n) 3(2 6w) (o) 3(12 + 2r) (p) 4(7 + 5m)
(c) 4m – 24 = 4( ) (d) 3f – 6 = 3( )
(e) 5x + 5y = 5( + ) (f) 6p – 12q = 6( )
(g) 3d – 12e = 3( ) (h) 14 + 7k = 7( + )
2. Factorise:
(a) 2x + 2y (b) 3c + 3d (c) 6s + 6t (d) 12x + 12y
(e) 9a + 9b (f) 8b + 8c (g) 5p + 5q (h) 7g + 7h
(i) 4m + 4n (j) 9e + 9f (k) 13j + 13k (l) 14v + 14w
3. Factorise:
(a) 2x + 8 (b) 3m + 12 (c) 4y – 4
(d) 5p + 5 (e) 8w – 16 (f) 7u + 21
(g) 10z – 20 (h) 6h + 24 (i) 2d – 12
(j) 5r + 5s (k) 3k – 3l (l) 7w + 7x
(m) 4u + 8v (n) 6r – 18s (o) 2e + 20f
4. Factorise:
(a) 4x + 10 (b) 6g – 15 (c) 4f + 2
(d) 8y – 4 (e) 12e + 8 (f) 6m + 21
(g) 10a – 6 (h) 9h + 12 (i) 6r – 14
(j) 10r + 5s (k) 12k – 3l (l) 7w + 21x
(m) 4q + 8 (n) 6 + 18g (o) 12m – 9
5. Factorise:
(a) 2x + 4 (b) 3d + 9 (c) 6s + 3 (d) 12x + 4
(e) 6 + 9a (f) 2b + 8 (g) 5y + 10 (h) 10 + 15c
(i) 12x + 16 (j) 18m + 24 (k) 30 + 36a (l) 14y + 21
6. Factorise:
7. Factorise:
(a) 2a + 4b (b) 10x 12y (c) 18m + 24n (d) 10c + 15d
5. Factorise 24t 32
Evaluating an expression or formulae which has more than one variable
1. If x = 10 and y = 4, calculate
2. If a = 8, b = 5 and c = 2, calculate
3. If p = 3, q = 4 and r = 2, calculate
8. The formula V = IR is used in electrical calculations. Use the formula to find V when
(a) I = 18 and R = 5 (b) I = 5 and R = 20 (c) I = 2∙6 and R = 4∙5
(d) I = 4∙1 and R = 10 (e) I = 3∙5 and R = 12 (f) I = 7 and R = 9∙2
9. The formula F = 1∙8C + 32 is used to change a temperature from degrees Celsius (oC)
to degrees Fahrenheit (oF). Change the following Celsius temperatures to Fahrenheit.
10. The area of a triangle is given by the formula A = ½bh. Find the areas of the following
triangles :
(a) b = 10cm h = 8cm (b) b = 50mm h = 90mm
(c) b = 12cm h = 15cm (d) b = 140m h = 60m
(e) b = 18mm h = 100mm (f) b = 27cm h = 35cm
(g) b = 16·4m h = 12·2m (h) b = 2240mm h = 1560mm
11. The scale on a map is 1: 20000. The formula to change a distance d centimetres on the
map to the real distance D metres is
20000 d
D=
100
Change these map distances to real distances :
(a) 4cm (b) 5cm (c) 3∙5cm
(d) 7∙2cm (e) 0∙7cm (f) 0∙96cm
(g) 1∙04cm (h) 12∙57cm
360 o
12. In a regular polygon with n sides, the size of an exterior angle is .
n
10 P
2. Evaluate the formula W when P = 256 and d = 04.
4d
120 v 2
F
s
Find the force that would stop a train travelling at 24 m/s in 400 m.
P
I
R
where I is the current, P is the power and R is the resistance in a circuit.
Find the current (I) when there is a power of 100 and a resistance of 12.
l
5. The period of the swing of a pendulum is given as T 2 .
g
6. The formula for finding the radius of a circle when the area is known is
A
R
Taking π = 3∙14, find R when A = 1256.
7. The formula for finding the length of side a in this diagram is
a = √(c² – b²)
b
a c b = 5 and c = 13.
1
8. The formula for calculating the volume of a cone is V r 2 h where r is the radius and h
3
is the height of the cone. [π = 3∙14]
Use the formula to calculate the volume of a cone with diameter 18cm and height
35cm, giving your answer to the nearest 10 cm3.
E
9. Using the formula m calculate m when E = 8, g = 10 and h = 40.
gh
Extending a straightforward number pattern
1.
(a) Copy this table and complete it using the information above.
Number of
1 2 3 4 5 6
bunches
Number of
bananas
(b) For every extra bunch of bananas, how many bananas are added?
(c) Write down a formula (rule) for finding the total number of bananas (N) if you
know the number of bunches (B) :-
Number of bananas = × number of bunches
(e) How many bunches of bananas would I have if I had 48 bananas altogether?
2.
(a) Copy this table and complete it using the information above:
Number of
1 2 3 4 5 6
spiders
Number of
legs
(b) For every extra spider, how many legs are added?
(c) Write down a formula (rule) for finding the total number of legs (L) if we know the
number of spiders (S) :-
Number of legs = × number of spiders
(d) Write this formula in symbols.
(e) How many spiders would there be if there were 80 legs?
3.
(a) Copy this table and complete it using the information above.
Number of
1 2 3 4 5 6
handfuls
Number of
sweets
(b) For every extra handful, how many sweets are added?
(c) Write down a formula for finding the total number of sweets (S) if we know the
number of handfuls (H) :-
Number of jelly beans = × number of handfuls
(d) Write this formula in symbols.
(e) How many handfuls would there be if there were 42 sweets?
4. This shape is called a pentagon. It has 5 sides.
(a) Copy and complete this table from the diagrams above.
Number of
1 2 3 4 5 6
pentagons
Number of
sides
5.
(a) Draw diagrams to show the number of people who could sit at 4 tables and 5 tables.
(b) Copy and complete this table for the number of tables and the number of people.
Number of
1 2 3 4 5 10 14
tables
Number of
people
(c) Write down a rule in words for the finding the number of people if you know how
many tables there are.
(d) Write the formula in symbols using T for the number of tables and P for the number
of people.
(d) Use your formula to find how many people would be able to sit at 20 tables.
(e) There are 44 people at a gathering. How many tables would be needed to seat
them?
2. Mr Wright wants to build a fence round his garden and draws some diagrams so that he
can work out how many posts and how many link pieces he will need.
post
link
(c) Write down a rule in words for the finding the number of links needed if you know
how many posts there are.
(d) Write the formula in symbols using L for the number of links and P for the number
of posts.
(e) Use your formula to find how many links would be needed for 50 posts.
(f) Mr Wright has 100 links. How many posts would he need to use them all up?
3. Plain and patterned tiles are laid in a strip.
(e) Write down a formula for finding the number of plain tiles (P) when you know the
number of patterned tiles (R).
(f) If there are 152 plain tiles, how many patterned tiles would there be?
4. (a) Complete the table below for this tile pattern made from coloured and white tiles.
Number of
1 2 3 4 10 20 50
coloured tiles
Number of
white tiles
(b) Write down a formula for finding the number of white tiles (W) when you know the
number of coloured tiles (C).
(c) If there are 86 white tiles, how many coloured tiles would there be?
5. For their barbeque Mr and Mrs Goldie allowed 3 burgers for each person attending and an
extra 10 to be on the safe side.
(a) Complete this table for the numbers of burgers they would need:
Number of
1 2 3 4 5 6
people
Number of
burgers
(b) Find a formula for the number of burgers needed when you know the number of
people.
(c) Use your formula to find out how many burgers would be needed for 18 people.
(d) If you have 100 burgers how many people could you invite to the barbeque?
(a) Complete the table to show the number of rhombuses used in each.
Pattern
1 2 3 4 5 6
number
Number of
rhombuses
(b) How many rhombuses would be needed for the 10th pattern?
(c) How many rhombuses would be in the 24th pattern?
(d) Write down a rule for finding the number of rhombuses (R) in any pattern
number (P).
(e) What pattern number would have 34 rhombuses in it?
(f) What pattern number would have 46 rhombuses in it?
7. (i) Find a formula for each of the following.
(a)
P 1 2 3 4 5 6 12
Q 3 6 9 12 15 18 48 90
(b)
M 1 2 3 4 5 6 11
N 3 5 7 9 11 13 33 57
(c)
R 1 2 3 4 5 6 14
T 2 5 8 11 14 17 26 47
(d)
D 5 6 7 8 9 10 20
K 4 5 6 7 8 9 31 68
(e)
V 2 3 4 5 6 7 15
A 3 6 9 12 15 18 57 72
(ii) Use your formulae to complete the missing entries in the tables.
Number patterns
EXAM QUESTIONS
1. A plumber uses this table to calculate the charges for carrying out work. He charges a call
out charge plus a charge for every hour the work takes.
(a) Complete the table:
Number of hours
2 3 4 5 10
worked (n)
Cost (£C) 49 61 73
(b) Find a formula for calculating the cost when you know the number of hours a piece
of work will take.
2. Art students at college were asked to design a bracelet.
Julie made up this design from bars and chains.
chain
bar
(a) Complete this table for the above pattern.
(b) Write down a formula for calculating the number of chains (c) when you know the
number of bars (b).
(c) Julie has 57 pieces of chain. How many bars will she need if she wants to use all the
pieces of chain?
3.
The ‘Shoe Tidy’ shown opposite is made up from wall
brackets and pouches.
pouch
wall bracket
(a) Complete the table for the number of diamonds and number of beads in other
patterns.
(b) Write down the formula for finding the number of beads needed for any number of
diamonds.
5. A company makes bridge sides to any length. Each side is made
up of triangular and rectangular sections.
Each rectangular section is 2 metres long.
The diagram below shows a single bridge side with four rectangular base plates.
2m
(a) Complete the table below for different lengths of single bridge side.
(b) Write down a formula for calculating the number of triangles (T), when you know
the number of rectangles (r) for a single bridge side.
(c) A bridge with two sides has a total of 78 triangular sections.
What is the total length of this bridge?
Calculating the gradient of a straight line from horizontal and vertical distances
(a) (b)
2m (c)
3m
8m
4m
10m
(d) 2m
(e) (f)
8m
12m
6m
8m
8m
2m
2. Calculate the gradient of each line below, leaving your answer as a fraction in its simplest
form where necessary.
(b)
(a) (c)
(d)
(e) (f)
h
c
a g
b
k l
e
m
d
f
n
4 2 O 2 4 x 4 2 O 2 4 x
2 2
4 4
e
f
5. Write down the gradient of the lines drawn in the diagrams below.
y y
(a) (b)
x O x
O
y y
(c) (d)
x O x
O
y y
(e) (f)
x O x
O
Calculating the gradient of a straight line from horizontal and vertical distances
EXAM QUESTIONS
1. (a) Copy the grid shown below plot the points A(– 1, 0) and B(3, – 3).
y
4
–4 0 4 x
–4
y
7
6
5
2
1
5 4 3 2 1 0
1 2 3 4 5 x
1
2
3
4
5
3. The manufacturer of a ramp for a shop entrance states that to be suitable for a wheelchair
user the gradient of the ramp must be between 0∙1 and 0∙2.
830mm
Is this ramp suitable for wheelchair users?
7200mm
You must show working and give a reason for your answer.
4. A skateboard ramp has been designed to have the dimensions shown in the diagram.
8m
17m
Safety regulations state that the gradient of the ramp should be a maximum of 0∙5.
Does this ramp meet safety regulations? You must show working and give a reason for
your answer.
3∙8m
20m
6. A door wedge is in the shape of a triangle.
It has a height of 32mm and a base of 78mm.
Calculate the gradient of the sloping edge.
32mm
78mm
7. Colin has put a basketball net on a pole in his garden. He has fixed it to his garden
shed using a baton which he has nailed over the roof of the shed.
The horizontal distance is 2∙8 metres and the basketball pole is 3 metres high.
2∙8m
3m
1∙8m
9. The distance between the tent pegs at A and B is 42m and the height at the centre is.1∙5m.
The sloping sides are the same length.
Calculate the gradient of the sloping side of the tent.
15m
A B
42m
Applying geometric skills to circumference, area and volume
Calculating the circumference of a circle
Use π = 3∙14 in all questions
1. Calculate the circumference of the circles below:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6cm
10cm
14cm
40cm
14cm
53cm
9. The radius of this lampshade is 95mm at the bottom. How much trim would be required to
fit round the bottom edge.
If the trim costs £275 a metre, how much would it cost to trim the lamp if the trim is only
sold in complete metres?
10. A florist is decorating her shop and wants to put pieces of coloured ribbon round white
poles to create a striped effect like this:
The pole has a radius of 12cm. Calculate how much ribbon she
will need to decorate the two poles.
Answer correct to the nearest necessary metre.
11. Linzi’s Mum buys a frill of length 78cm to fit round her birthday cake.
Find out the biggest diameter that the cake can have so that the frill fits.
Calculating the area of a circle
1cm
3cm
10cm 20cm
(d) How much space on the tray is NOT taken up by the tea lights?
10. Mrs Ahmad has moved into a new house and has to sort out her garden. This is a plan of
what she wants to do. It consists of a circular flower-bed with diameter 3m and 4 quarter-
circles with radius 1∙5m set in a rectangular lawn.
10m
(a) Calculate the total area of the 5
flower beds.
(b) What area is given over to the
lawn?
6m
(c) It costs £365 to plant a square
metre of lawn and a total of
£19750 for plants.
How much would it cost Mrs
Ahmad altogether for her new
garden?
Calculating the circumference and area of a circle
1. Calculate the circumference of the circle with:
(a) diameter 10cm (b) diameter 8mm (c) diameter 1∙2m
(d) d = 7cm (e) d = 25cm (f) radius 5cm
(g) radius 11mm (h) radius 0∙9m (i) r = 12cm (j) r = 1∙8m
16cm 3cm
6m 28cm
(a) (b)
(c)
32mm
4∙8cm .
19cm
(e)
(d) .1∙5cm 2∙4m
10. (a) Calculate the area of the circle with radius 42cm.
(b) Calculate the circumference of the circle with diameter 6∙2m.
(c) Calculate the area of the circle with diameter 16∙2cm.
(d) Calculate the circumference of a wheel of radius 40cm.
11. The diagram shows a rectangular steel plate with five holes,
each with a radius of 4cm, drilled through it.
Calculate the shaded area.
72cm
36cm
13. The "Penny-Farthing" bicycle shown opposite was all the rage
when it first appeared. The large front wheel has a radius of 98cm
and the small back wheel a radius of 14cm.
14. The weights at the end of these balloons each have an area of 20cm2.
Calculate their radius and then the circumference
.
Calculating the area of a parallelogram, kite and trapezium
1. Calculate the area of these parallelograms by splitting them into triangles and rectangles:
(a) (b)
8cm
2cm
7cm
(c)
23cm
3cm
9cm
(d)
12cm
14cm
6cm
6cm
2. Calculate the area of one of the parallelograms in this diagram:
30cm
20cm
60cm
xcm
25cm
4. Calculate the areas of these parallelograms by splitting them into triangles:
(a) (b)
10cm
4cm
8cm
16cm
(c) (d)
12cm
25cm
7·6cm
15·2cm
(e) (f)
18cm
2cm 7·5cm
6cm
(a) (b)
A = 144cm²
xcm A = 250cm² 8cm
20cm xcm
6. Calculate the areas of these kites:
(a) (b)
1·5cm
8cm
5cm
12cm
6·5cm
18cm
(c) (d)
16cm
5·6cm
10cm
10·2cm
4cm
7·8cm
(e) (f)
4·6cm
6·4cm 10·8cm
5·8cm
8·6cm
9·2cm
7. Calculate the area of each trapezium by dividing them into rectangles and triangles:
13cm
(a) (b)
8cm
8cm 15cm
15cm
25cm 20cm
9cm
(c)
7·6cm
4cm 3cm
(e)
9cm
8·6cm
(d)
4·7cm
8cm
5·4cm
13cm
(f) (g)
22cm
16cm
24cm 18cm
32cm
9cm
8. Calculate the area of each trapezium by dividing them into triangles:
9cm
20cm
30cm
16cm
(c)
10·3cm 15cm
4cm
6cm
(d)
23cm
(e) 18·6cm
9·5cm
12cm
12·4cm
13cm
(f) (g)
6·6cm 10cm
17·8cm
Investigating the surface of a prism
1. Debbie is buying some perfume for her Mum. The perfume bottles are different shapes
like the ones below:
1 2 3 4 5
Write down the name of each of the shapes above and state how many faces, edges and
vertices they have.
2. The diagram shows a 3D-shape made up from two different solid shapes.
12cm
4. Write down the name of each shape shown in the nets below.
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
(e) (f)
(g) (h)
5. For each shape below, sketch the net and calculate the surface area.
(a) (b)
10cm 10cm
4cm
7cm
5cm
20cm 6cm
6cm
16cm
(c) (d)
10cm
26cm
26cm
8cm 24cm
12cm 9cm
6cm 20cm
(e) (f)
8cm
10cm 50cm
30cm 60cm
48cm
12cm
14cm
4cm
(g) (h)
20cm
30cm
2cm
Calculating the volume of a prism
1. Calculate the volume of each of the cuboids below:
2cm 8cm
3cm 6m
3cm 10cm
8cm 4m
5m
12mm 2cm
(d) (e) 2cm
(f) (g)
6cm
25mm
22cm
7m
40mm 1cm 7m
7m 14cm
5. Calculate the volume of water in each fish tank below, giving your answer in litres :
8cm 9cm
14cm
10cm 6cm
12cm
30cm 40cm
25cm
Calculating the volume of a cylinder
18mm
7cm 5m
5cm
10cmm 11mm
6cm
12mm 30mm
5cm 14cmm 7m
1·8m
5cm
15cm
12cm
A = 2·5cm²
(c) (d)
18cm
21cm 6cm
5cm
10·4cm
(e)
10cm
8·4cm 20cm
7·2cm
2. Calculate the side marked x in these triangular prisms given the volume.
(a) V = 140cm³ (b) V = 504cm³
xcm 14cm
7cm xcm
4cm
6cm
Calculating the volume of other prisms
The area of the base of these prisms is given. Calculate the volume of the prisms.
6m
(a)
(b)
A = 4·6m² A = 7·2m²
5m
(d)
(c)
A = 46cm²
30cm A = 72cm²
16cm
(e) (f)
11m
A = 6·5m²
A = 10·6m² 1·2m
Applying geometric skills to circumference, area and volume
EXAM QUESTIONS
19 Smith
19 Smith
Calculate the area of the nameplate shown here.
12cm
5. Peter wants to make a tank to collect rainwater to use in his garden.
He would like it to be able to hold at least 150 litres of water when full.
Is the tank, shown below, big enough? Show your working and give a reason for your
answer.
30cm
35cm
150cm
6. In a fast food café, cakes are prepared in advance and displayed in cardboard boxes which
have the net shown in the diagram below.
6cm
3cm
The boxes consist of a square base of side 6cm, rectangular sides with depth 3cm and a
semicircular fringe on each side.
Find the total area of card needed to make each box. (Ignore any overlaps)
7. Josh and Jamie were having an argument. Josh said that the perimeter
of a full-sized football pitch was longer than the circumference
of the London Eye but Jamie disagreed.
The diameter of the London eye is 135m and a full-sized football
pitch has perimeter 420 metres.
Was Josh correct? You must show all working and give a
reason for your answer.
[3]
8. This solid is made from building bricks which are in the shape of a cube with
side 5cm.
(a) What is the total volume of the solid?
(b) The bricks have to be packed into a cuboid-shaped box with a square base of
side10cm.
10cm
10cm
(a) Calculate the number of litres that the trough holds when it is completely
full. (1000cm3 = 1 litre)
(b) The water is used to fill 300 small cuboid shaped vases like the one shown in the
diagram.
4cm
5cm
10. A fish tank is in the shape of a cuboid with dimensions as shown in the diagram.
John wants to fill it up from bottles of water which each hold 1litre of water.
How many bottles will it take to fill the tank half full? (1000cm3 = 1 litre)
40cm
30cm
90cm
11. Draw the net for this carton which is in the shape of a cuboid.
3cm
2cm
6cm
12 Calculate the surface area of the triangular prism 4cm
shown in the diagram.
5cm
15cm
6cm
13. The label on a can of beans has to have a 1 cm overlap for joining.
6cm
The can has a radius of 6cm and a height of 14cm.
14cm
Calculate the area of the label.
14. Anna makes 3 litres of jelly and pours it into 10 containers like the one in the diagram
dcm
5cm
10cm
Calculate the depth (dcm) of the jelly in each container.
15. An ornament is packaged in a cardboard box which is a cube of side 12cm.
12cm
h cm
9cm
(c) Calculate the height, h cm, of this new box giving your answer correct to
1 decimal place.
16. 3∙6cm
A bottle opener is formed from a rectangle of metal with a
semi-circle cut out.
The rectangle measures 3∙6cm by 5cm and the semicircle has
3cm diameter 3cm.
5cm
85cm
18. A display case in a museum is in the shape of a triangular prism without a base.
12cm 12cm
8cm
5cm
18cm
10cm
15cm 50cm
8cm
20. The Triangle Pizza Co packages its pizzas in
boxes made from this net.
5·2cm
6cm
2cm 6cm
(a) What is the mathematical name for the 3D shape which can be made
from this net?
(b) Use the diagram to calculate the area of card needed to make this box.
[Ignore any overlaps]
21. Draw the net for this carton which is in the shape of a triangular prism.
5cm 4cm
3cm
5cm
Using rotational symmetry
Exercise 1
1. State the order of rotational symmetry for each of these patterns and objects.
(a) (b) (c)
(d)
(e)
(h)
(f) (g)
(i) (j)
2. Copy these diagrams and add two lines so that the shapes have half turn symmetry about
the point C.
C C C
(d)
3. Copy and complete these diagrams so that the shapes have half – turn symmetry about the
point marked C. The first one has been completed for you.
C
C
(d)
C
C
(e) (f)
C
4. Copy and complete the following so that each finished diagram has half – turn symmetry
about the point C.
(a) (b)
C C
(c) (d)
C
(e) (f)
C
5. Copy and complete the following diagrams so that they have turn symmetry of order 3
about the point C.
(a) (b)
C C
(c) (d)
C C
(e) (f)
C C
6. Copy and complete these patterns so that they have turn symmetry of order 4.
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
(e) (f)
7. Copy and complete these diagrams so that they have turn symmetry of order 4 about C.
(a)
(b)
C C
(c) (d)
(e)
C
Using rotational symmetry
EXAM QUESTIONS
1. The managers of the “Eskimo Engineering” company are experimenting with new logos.
They want the design to have half-turn symmetry about the dot so that it can be used
either way up.
2. Copy and complete the diagram so that it has rotational symmetry of order 4 about point
C.
C
3. Copy and complete the diagram so that the completed shape has rotational symmetry
of order 4 about C.
4. Complete the pattern below so that it has rotational symmetry of order 4 about point X:
X
5. Copy and complete the diagram so that the completed shape has rotational symmetry of
order 4 about the point O.
6. Copy and complete this diagram so that is has rotational symmetry of order 3 about the
point O.
7. Copy and complete the diagram so that the shape has half – turn symmetry about the
point O.
O
Applying statistical skills to representing and analysing data and to probability
Constructing a frequency table with class intervals from raw data
1. A class sat a Maths test. Their results are shown below.
61 30 71 62 46 60 42 55 57 40
62 41 35 81 50 65 62 67 69 83
51 46 65 73 53 74 84 82 72 75
Draw a frequency table to show these results using class intervals of size 10 starting
with 30 – 39.
24 41 30 50 43 32 31 42 23 30
37 20 46 35 52 26 40 21 48 26
34 25 37 45 27 31 33 39 27 36
Arrange this information in a frequency table using class intervals of size 5 starting
with 20 – 24.
3. A group of darts players were asked what there highest ever score was with 3 darts.
The results are shown here.
115 113 131 142 164 134 132 120 111 108 121
155 119 151 145 164 135 175 150 146 155 167
121 133 112 105 140 179 176 147 129 110 115
12 0 3 19 14 1 20 12
9 7 1 9 16 7 21 10
4 15 11 12 15 27 6 11
2 0 9 31 15 18 3 4
22 15 16 26 25 17 13 3
Make a frequency table to show these results using a suitable class interval.
5. Here is a set of results for a Mental Arithmetic Test for an S1 class. Show the results in a
frequency table using a suitable class interval.
0 4 22 11 11 19 10 12
14 10 3 24 17 5 3 22
2 18 17 15 25 26 8 5
1 13 17 25 26 16 15 22
9 7 1 9 16 7 21 10
Determining mean, median, mode and range of a data set
1. Find the mean, median, mode and range for each of the following data sets.
(a) 7 8 9 10 12 12 12 13 13 13 13
(b) 50 51 51 51 51 52 52 53 53 53 53
(c) 0·4 2·1 3·6 4·8 5·3 5·3 5·5 5·7 6·0
(d) 7 9 10 11 12 14 14 15 16
(e) 6 8 11 12 14 15 15 17 21 22 24
(f) 8 10 11 12 14 14 15
(g) 0·31 0·34 0·35 0·38 0·40 0·42 0·43 0·43 0·45
(h) 2 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8
2. Find the mean, median, mode and range for each of the following data sets. (Remember
to write the numbers in order before finding the median)
(a) 7 6 3 11 8 7 10 4 7
(b) 1 3 11 4 9 15 7 2 6 3 5
(c) 2·0 2·5 3·3 1·7 2·2 2·7 1·9 2·2 2·9 1·5 2·4
(d) 85 81 80 89 88 81 85 86 81 90
(e) 4 2 3 1 2 4 3 2 1 2 2 3 2 4
(f) 1·2 0·8 2·0 0·9 0·8 0·6 1·1 2·2 1·2 0·8 0·9 1·9
(g) 332 308 340 325 336 341 319 324 317 306 308 320
(h) 8·8 12·4 15·2 10·3 11·9 9·7 20·0 16·9 9·7 17·1
3. Mr. Khan timed how long it took each of his class to complete an exercise. The times are
in seconds.
300 480 216 311 419 333 281 295 308 276
402 343 398 290 364 378 399 294 401 300
2·8 3·4 2·8 3·1 3·0 4·0 3·5 3·8 3·9 2·9
2·7 3·6 2·5 3·3 3·5 4·1 3·6 3·4 3·2 3·4
Find the median, mode and range.
0 6
(a) How many pupils had 100% attendance ?
1 5
2 1
(b) Calculate the mean number of absences.
3 10
4 5
(c) Write down the mode and the median.
5 1
6 1
7 1
Total 30
7. The table shows the marks out of 10 achieved by pupils in a class test.
mark 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 total
Frequency 1 0 1 3 3 2 3 5 7 4 3 32
8. A passage was picked at random from a book and the number of letters in the first 100
words were counted.
Letters 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Frequency 4 12 30 24 17 5 2 3 3 1
9. The stem-and-leaf tables show the marks of a class of pupils in two maths tests.
2 2 2 0 1 3 paper 2
paper 1
3 0 3 3 0 2 3 4
4 0 2 4 4 1 1 3 5 5
5 1 1 1 5 2 4 5 5 8 8 9
6 2 5 5 6 6 0 1 4 5
7 0 0 1 5 5 7 1 3 5
8 1 3 3 4 6 8 8 3 7
9 0 1 1 4 5 9 0
(b) Find the median and the range for each paper.
Interpreting calculated statistics to compare data
1. Paul works in a shoe shop on a Saturday. The manager wants to make a special purchase
of "Trainers". He asked Paul to do a tally of sizes of men's shoes sold that day.
Size 6 6 12 7 7 12 8 9 10
PairsSold 5 17 21 16 15 11 2
(a) Which size of shoe will the manager order most of?
(b) What do we call this measure in statistics?
2. The Lucky Strike Match Company advertises the average contents of its boxes as 48.
Here is a sample of the boxes contents :
45 47 46 50 48 51 46 47 49 51
Is the company correct in their advert? Give a reason for your answer.
3. The ages of the players in a local football team are given below :
19 23 25 24 19 25
31 27 29 30 34
£40 000, £18000, £15000, £9000, £15000, £15000, £13000, £15000, £15000, £15000.
5. Diane does a lot of travelling in her job. She keeps a note of the miles she drove each
week for the first 10 weeks.
785 846 816 704 685 723 960 788 729 814
6. In a 5-a-side football competition, the average age of a team must not exceed 16.
Below are the ages of 2 groups of 10 players who want to enter 2 teams each.
A : 14 , 16 , 14 ,17 , 15 , 18 , 16 , 15 , 17 , 18
B : 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 15 , 16 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 14
20 22 18 21 22 16 14 19 17
Which of the three averages - mean, median or mode - would he prefer to count as his
'mark' ?
8. The first eight customers at a supermarket one Saturday spent the following amounts:
9. 20 lightbulbs were tested to see how long they would last. The lifetimes of the bulbs are
given below in hours.
The manufacturing company claims that the average lifetime of a lightbulb is 1500 hours.
1. A survey was carried out in which 60 people were asked to name their favourite radio
station. The results were
Clyde 1 24 Clyde 2 8 Radio 1 14
Radio 2 5 Scot fm 9
5
Radio2 5 360
60
9
Scot fm 9 360
60
(a) 90 people were surveyed to find the most popular flavour of crisps
(b) 120 people were asked about the newspapers that they buy each day.
(d) A professional photographer took 144 photographs of the types shown below
3. As people left a Sports Centre they were asked which sport they had taken part in. The
table shows the results.
Squash 4
Swimming 17
Badminton 8
Skating 11
2. A letter is chosen from the word INTERMEDIATE. Find the probability that it will be
(a) a vowel (b) aT (c) an E (d) an M
4. A bag contains 3 red discs, 5 blue discs and 2 green discs. A disc is chosen at random
from the bag. Find the probability that it is
(a) blue (b) red (c) green (d) not red
0 0·5 1
(b) Mark with an arrow where you think the probability is that
(i) you will get a tail when you toss a coin
(ii) you will get a six when throwing a dice
(iii) a raw egg will break when you drop it
(iv) you will live forever
(v) you will leave school one day
Mathemat
Mathemat
Technol
English
History
icsEnglish
English
History
English
Music
Science
Science
ART
ogy
ics
If he closes his eyes and chooses a book ,
what is the probability that it is
(a) History (b) Maths (c) French (d) English ?
11. If you pick a letter at random from the word MATHEMATICS, what is the
probability that it will be
(a) a vowel (b) a consonant (c) M?
a fundraising event.
100 400
15. A box contain 20 CDs. 5 are music, 12 are computer games, 2 have program files and 1
has photographs.
What is the probability, if you pick a CD at random, it will have
(a) photographs
(b) music
(c) computer games ?
16. In class 2G there are 15 pupils with blue eyes, 12 with brown eyes, 3 with green eyes
and 2 with grey eyes.
What is the probability that the first pupil to enter the classroom on a Monday morning
has (a) brown eyes
(b) blue eyes
(c) grey eyes
(d) green eyes ?
Applying statistical skills to representing and analysing data and to probability
EXAM QUESTIONS
1. A supermarket claims the average number of sweets in a box is 50.
On a sample count of 12 boxes the number of sweets in each box is recorded.
The results are shown:
54 52 47 55 51 51 50 47 50 49 50 56
3. Lucy is making a grid to be used to raise money for charity. The grid is a rectangle
15 squares long and 12 squares broad.
If the probability of choosing a winning square is 0∙4, how many winning squares
are there on the board?
4. The string section of the Scottish National Orchestra is made up from the following
musicians.
26 violinists
12 violists
10 cellists
7 double bass players
If a player is chosen at random from the String section, what is the probability
that it will be a violinist?
5. 17 people were asked to say how many text messages they had sent in one day.
The stem and leaf diagram shows the results.
0 4 7 8
1 5 6 7 8 8
2 0 1 2 4 4 6
3 1 3 4 1 8 represents 18
6. A S6 pupil was buying a dress for her school prom. In the shop there were
8 red dresses, 5 blue dresses, 7 green dresses and 4 purple ones.
0 42
1 21
2 13
3 11
4 6
5 2
Total = 95 Total =
(a) Complete the table and find the mean number of missed lectures.
(b) Find the probability that the student picked will be one who has missed
more than three lectures in the last month.
8. 15 people were asked to say how many times they had bought items from an internet
auction site over the past 6 months:
15 4 24 31 7 24 17 21 16 8 18 20 22 18 26
(a) Find the median and range of the data.
(b) A person is chosen at random. What is the probability that they will have bought
items on the internet less than 10 times in the last six months?
9. The pupils in a class are asked how many songs they download in a week.
Complete the table and calculate the mean number of songs downloaded.
Number of songs
Number of songs Frequency
Frequency
0 3 0
1 4 4
2 2
3 7
4 5
5 1
6 3
7 3
8 2
Total
10. The number of sweets in a sample of 10 bags was counted and the following results
obtained.
12 15 21 17 12 12 17 18 11 15
(c) Christian had a bag with 17 sweets in it. How does this compare to the mean?
11. Tina has started a collection of Magical Beast cards. So far she has 15 cards of the
following Magical Beasts:
Vampire – 5 Werewolf – 2 Unicorn – 3 Phoenix – 4 Dragon – 1
(a) If she places the cards face down and picks one at random, what is the probability
that it will be a Unicorn?
Give your answer in its simplest form.
(b) The card chosen was a Unicorn. If this card is not replaced, what is the probability
that the next card she picks will be a Vampire?
12. 120 people were asked what their favourite reality TV show is. The results are shown
below.
Big Brother 20
Dancing on Ice 10
X – factor 30
13. The numbers of sweets in 20 packets are counted. The information is shown below.
24 22 25 21 22 30 22 24 20 21
22 27 23 29 23 23 22 27 23 23
What is the probability that a packet of sweets chosen at random has more than 26 sweets?
Give your answer in its simplest form.
14. The table below shows the number of minutes that people spent in queuing for a ride at the
funfair.
13 14 18 15 11 9 4 1
14 15 16 12 25 32 34 15
3 14 19 25 25 18 15 9
9 8 2 7 16 27 23 20
22 4 30 16 13 11 20 22
(a) Construct a frequency table of the information using class intervals 0 – 4, 5 – 9 etc.
(b) What is the probability that a person, chosen at random, will waited more that
19 minutes?
15. This set of cards with 2-dimensional shapes on them is laid face down.
16. A matchbox company states that the average number of matches in a box is 50.
On a sample count of 10 boxes the number of matches in each box is recorded.
The results are shown:
53 44 59 46 50 51 51 47 46 51
(a) Calculate the mean number of matches in each box.
18. 20 tickets numbered 21 to 40 are placed in a bag and one is drawn out at random.
What is the probability that it will be a number with the digit 2 in it?
19. The ages of the junior members of a club are shown in this frequency table.
Complete the table above and calculate the mean age of the junior members.
20. 120 people were asked their favourite type of food. The results are shown below.
Type of food Italian Chinese Indian British Fast food
Number of
23 40 21 17 19
people
Use the information shown to construct a pie chart on the worksheet provided
21. The number of people visiting an exhibition over a number of days was recorded.
The results are shown below.
127 174 167 110 111 164 150 144 130 154 154 122 169
152 101 155 117 134 115 160 141 128 122 140 151 163
163 133 171 129 125 122 129 153 166 169 162 100 174
(a) Construct a frequency table of the information class intervals starting
with 100 – 109 .
(b) What is the probability that on any one day the number of visitors to the exhibition
was between 150 – 159?
Give your answer in its simplest form.
24. The frequency table shows the ages of the members of a school drama group. Find the
mean, median, mode and range of the ages.
Age Frequency
11 7
12 8
13 8
14 5
15 3
16 2
17 1
25. A set of cards with these symbols is laid out face down.
(a) What is the probability that the
first card turned over is a star?
10 3
12 5
14 8
15 10
20 9
Total = Total =
29. The table below shows the ages of students on a beauty course.
30. The diagram shows the lid of a child’s toy. The child has to fit shapes through the
differently shaped holes and drop them in a bucket.
EXAM QUESTIONS
1. 17 – 6x 2. 8 + 3x 3. –g–3
4. 15p + 9 5. 14 – 9k 6. 24d – 20
(e) 3(2a 3x) (f) 6(3s 2t) (g) 3(4x + 5y) (h) 7(2a b)
(i) 5(5c + 2d) (j) 3(3b 5y) (k) 6(3x + 4y) (l) 2(3a + 14b)
Factorising
EXAM QUESTIONS
1. 7(5x + 8y) 2. 6(6 + 7x) 3. 6(5 – t)
4. 5(3 – 5m) 5. 8(3t – 4)
Evaluating an expression or formulae which has more than one variable
1. (a) 14 (b) 6 (c) 20 (d) 40 (e) 20 (f) 17
(g) 7 (h) 19
2. (a) 13 (b) 3 (c) 7 (d) 18 (e) 6 (f) 18
(g) 22 (h) 1 (i) 15 (j) 5 (k) 1 (l) 39
3. (a) 7 (b) 1 (c) 10 (d) 22 (e) 10 (f) 12
(g) 0 (h) 6 (i) 25 (j) 1 (k) 20 (l) 50
4. (a) 16 (b) 29 (c) 23 (d) 45 (e) 41 (f) 230
(g) 67 (h) 96 (i) 159
5. (a) 7 (b) 15 (c) 50 (d) 28 (e) 40 (f) 220
(g) 127 (h) 47 (i) 1
6. (a) 25 (b) 19 (c) 71 (d) 52 (e) 20 (f) 33
(g) 4 (h) 40 (i) 1 (j) 128
7. (a) 60 (b) 150 (c) 300 (d) 320 (e) 165 (f) 245
(g) 170 (h) 243
8. (a) 90 (b) 100 (c) 11∙7 (d) 41 (e) 42 (f) 64∙4
9. (a) 59 (b) 95 (c) 50 (d) 68 (e) 91∙4 (f) 41
(g) 104 (h) 71∙6
10. (a) 40 (b) 2250 (c) 90 (d) 4200 (e) 900 (f) 472∙5
(g) 100∙04 (h) 1747200
11. (a) 800 (b) 1000 (c) 700 (d) 1440 (e) 140 (f) 192
(g) 208 (h) 2514
12. (a) 72o (b) 40o (c) 30o (d) 45o (e) 20o (f) 36o
(g) 12o (h) 14∙4o
13. (a) E=6 (b) E = 11 (c) E = 38 (d) E=3
14. (a) T = 15 (b) T = 22 (c) T = 70 (d) T = 10
15. (a) Q = 27 (b) Q = 20 (c) Q=0 (d) Q = 35
16. (a) G = 29 (b) G=9 (c) G = 41 (d) G = -4
17. (a) T = 22 (a) T = 54 (c) T = 204 (d) T=6
18. (a) W = 37 (b) W = 133 (c) W = 217 (d) W = 172
19. (a) L=2 (b) L = 12 (c) L = 44 (d) L = 194
20. (a) H=9 (b) H = 25 (c) H = 16 (d) H = 121
21. (a) T = 12 (b) T = 48 (c) T=4 (d) T = 174
22. (a) E = 14 (b) E = 21 (c) E = 16 (d) E=3
23. (a) T=4 (b) T=3 (c) T=1 (d) T=0
24. (a) F=4 (b) F=1 (c) F = 20 (d) F=2
25. (a) V = 11 (b) V = 27 (c) V = 82
26. (a) C = 68 (b) C = 60 (c) C = 36
27. (a) W = 12 (b) W=1 (c) W=0
28. (a) A = 72 (b) A = 148 (c) A = 232
Evaluating an expression
Exam Questions
1. – 16 2. 10 3. 172∙8 4. 2∙9
5. 17∙2 6. 20 7. 12 8. 2970
9. 0∙02
Number patterns
EXAM QUESTIONS
1. (a) 85; 145 (b) C = 12n + 25
2. (a) 3, 6, 9, 21 (b) c = 3b – 3 (c) 20
3. (a) 12, 16, 44 (b) p = 4w – 4 (c) 20
4. (a) 14, 17, 32 (b) B = 3N + 2
5. (a) 3, 5, 9, 11, 23 (b) T = 2r – 1 (c) 20
Calculating the gradient of a straight line from horizontal and vertical distances
1 3 3 1
1. (a) (b) 4 (c) (d) 6 (e) (f)
2 10 4 8
5 1 2 3
2. (a) (b) (c) 1 (d) (e) 2 (f)
6 3 5 4
3 1 4 4
(g) (h) (i) (j)
2 3 3 3
2 1 3
3. (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) (d) 5 (e) (f)
3 3 2
1 3 1
(g) 3 (h) (k) (l) 1 (m) 6 (n)
2 2 8
1 1 2
4. (a) 3 (b) (c) 1 (d) (e) (f) 4
2 2 5
1 1
5. (a) 2 (b) (c) 4 (d) 3 (e) (f) 2
2 3
Gradients
EXAM QUESTIONS
3 2
1. 2. 3. Suitable since 0·12 lies between 0·1 and 0·2
4 3
19 16
4. meets regulations since 0·47 < 0·5 5. or 0·38 6. or 0·41
50 39
3
7. or 0·43 8. Not safe since gradient is 2 which does not lies between 1·8 and 2
7
5
9. or 0·7
7
4. (a) 3 litres (b) 2·4 litres (c) 12·6 litres (d) 0·6 litre
(e) 1·46 litres (f) 0·48 litre (g) 320 litres (h) 2·565 litres
5. (a) 2·4 litres (b) 2·16 litres (c) 4·2 litres
Exercise 2
1.
(a) (b) (c)
(d)
(e)
(i) (j)
2. (a) (b) (c)
(d)
3.
(c)
(a) (b)
(d)
(f)
(e)
4. (a) (b)
C C
(c) (d)
C
C
(e) (f)
C
5. Diagrams showing rotational symmetry of order 3.
6.
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
(e) (f)
7.
(a)
(b) (b)
C
C
(c) (d)
(e)
C
Using Rotational Symmetry
EXAM QUESTIONS
1. 2.
3. 4.
C X
5. 6.
7. 8.
O
O
Applying statistical skills to representing and analysing data and to probability
Constructing a frequency table with class intervals from raw data
7. 6·5, 7, 8 8. 4, 4, 4
9. (a) paper 1 (b) paper 1 – 70, 73 paper 2 – 55, 70
Interpreting calculated statistics to compare data
3. (a) 26, 25, 25 (b) below (c) 24, 25, 25 (d) above the mean
6. (a) A: 2 teams of 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 B: 14, 14, 15, 16, 18 & 14, 15, 16, 16, 17
7. mode (22) 8. (a) £21.22 (b) less than mean (just over half)
8
Clyde 2 8 360 48o
60
14
Radio 1 14 360 84o
60
5
Radio2 5 360 30o
60
9
Scot fm 9 360 54o
60
2. (a) 92o, 112o, 44o, 72o, 28o, 12o (b) 105o, 126o, 78o, 51o
(c) 120o, 96o, 48o, 72o, 24o (d) 120o, 150o, 25o, 45o, 20o
3. 36o, 153o, 72o, 99o
Using Probability
1 3
1. (a) /6 (b) /6 (or 1/2 ) (c) 3
/6 (or ½)
1 1
2. (a) ½ (b) /6 (c) ¼ (d) /12
4
3. (a) ¼ (b) ½ (c) /52or 1/13 (d) 3
/13 (e) 1
/52 (f) 1
/26
3 1 7
4. (a) ½ (b) /10 (c) /5 (d) /10
1 3
5. (a) /8 (b) ½ (c) /8 (d) ¼ (e) ½ (f) ¼
1 1 2
6. (a) /20 (b) /5 (c) ½ (d) /5 (e) ¼ (f) ¼
7. Diagram
1 1
8. (a) /6 (b) ½ (c) ½ (d) /3 (e) 1/3
1 5
9. (a) /8 (b) /8 (c) ½
2 2 4
10. (a) /13 (b) /13 (c) 0 (d) /13
4 7 2
11. (a) /11 (b) /11 (c) /11
1 3
12. (a) ½ (b) /8 (c) /8
1 1
13. (a) ½ (b) /10 (c) 0 (d) /5
7 1 1
14. (a) /8 (b) /10 (c) /8
1 3
15. (a) /20 (b) ¼ (c) /5
3 15 1 3
16. (a) /8 (b) /32 (c) /16 (d) /32
Applying statistical skills to representing and analysing data and to probability
EXAM QUESTIONS
11. (a) 1/5 (b) 5/14 12. Angles 60o, 120o, 60o, 30o, 90o 13. 1/5
30. 2/3