Approval sheet

This research project en-titled student union online voting system for Aste Tewedros campus has
been read and approved as the requirement of the department of Information science in the
partial fulfillment for the award of degree of bachelor in Information science, University of
Gondar

Research and Scholarly Communication Management Team Leader

Principal Adviser

Signature Date

Belay Telale………….. …………

Abrarew Admas……… …………

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Acknowledgement

First of all we would like to thank the almighty God helped us in doing our project by giving his
peace for us and for the campus. Next we would like to express our deepest gratitude to our
advisors Belay Telale and Abrarew who supported us in different activities by contributing in the
work of project by advising the best way to do our project until the end of this project to make
the project best as much as they can.

We also like to thank Goshu Nenko the president of the student union of UoG. Additionally we
would like to thank our lab assistances Mohammed and Haregewoyn who helped us in using lab
class openly and timely.

Table of Contents

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List of Table.................................................................................................................................................V
List of figure................................................................................................................................................VI
Abbreviation..............................................................................................................................................VII
Abstract....................................................................................................................................................VIII
Chapter one: Introduction............................................................................................................................1
1.1. Background history of the study.................................................................................................1
1.2. Statement of the problem.............................................................................................................2
1.3. Objectives of the project..............................................................................................................3
1.3.1. General objective.................................................................................................................3
1.3.2. Specific objective3
1.4. Scope of the project.......................................................................................................................
3
1.5. Limitation and Delimitation of the project...................................................................................3
1.5.1. Limitation of the study.........................................................................................................3
1.5.2. Delimitation of the study......................................................................................................4
1.6. Significance of the project...........................................................................................................4
Chapter two: Literature review....................................................................................................................6
2.1. Voting system..............................................................................................................................6
2.2. Voting...........................................................................................................................................7
2.3. System.........................................................................................................................................8
2.4. Online..........................................................................................................................................8
2.5. Online voting system...................................................................................................................9
Chapter three: project design and methodology.........................................................................................10
3.1. Data collection methods.................................................................................................................10
3.2. System analysis approach..........................................................................................................11
3.2.1. Overview of the existing system........................................................................................12
3.2.2. Overview of proposed system............................................................................................12
3.2.3. Functional requirement......................................................................................................12
3.2.4. Nonfunctional requirement................................................................................................13
3.3. Hardware and Software specification........................................................................................13
3.3.1. Hardware specification......................................................................................................13
3.3.2. Software specification........................................................................................................14

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 3.4. Feasibility analysis.....................................................................................................................14
3.4.1. Economical feasibility.......................................................................................................15
3.4.2. Operational feasibility........................................................................................................15
3.4.3. Technical feasibility...........................................................................................................15
3.4.4. Legal feasibility.................................................................................................................15
3.5. Use case diagram.......................................................................................................................16
3.6. System design approach.............................................................................................................27
3.6.1. Class diagram.....................................................................................................................28
3.6.2. Activity diagram................................................................................................................29
3.6.3. Sequence diagram..............................................................................................................36
3.6.4. Deployment diagram..........................................................................................................43
3.6.5. Proposed system architecture............................................................................................44
3.7. Testing and Evaluation Methods................................................................................................45
3.7.1. Testing...............................................................................................................................45
3.7.2. Evaluation..........................................................................................................................46
CHAPTER FOUR: Form and layout design..............................................................................................47
4.1. User interface design......................................................................................................................47
CHAPTER FIVE: Conclusion and recommendation.................................................................................54
5.1. Conclusion.................................................................................................................................54
5.2. Recommendation.......................................................................................................................55
REFRENCES............................................................................................................................................56
Appendix...................................................................................................................................................57

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List of Table

Table 1 User login.....................................................................................................................................18

Table 2 Voter registration...........................................................................................................................19
Table 3 Candidate announcement..............................................................................................................20
Table 4 User logout...................................................................................................................................20
Table 5 Vote online....................................................................................................................................21
Table 6 View result....................................................................................................................................22
Table 7 Approve........................................................................................................................................23
Table 8 search, update and delete..............................................................................................................24
Table 9 Feedback.......................................................................................................................................25
Table 10 Provide information...................................................................................................................26

List of figure

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Figure 1 Use case diagram.........................................................................................................................17
Figure 2 Class diagram.............................................................................................................................28
Figure 3 Login activity diagram...............................................................................................................29
Figure 4 Registration activity diagram......................................................................................................30
Figure 5 Approve activity diagram...........................................................................................................31
Figure 6 Announcement activity diagram.................................................................................................32
Figure 7 Vote online activity diagram........................................................................................................33
Figure 8 View result activity diagram........................................................................................................34
Figure 9 View result activity diagram........................................................................................................35
Figure 10 Administrator login sequence diagram......................................................................................36
Figure 11 Voters login sequence diagram...................................................................................................37
Figure 12 Candidates login sequence diagram...........................................................................................38
Figure 13 Voters vote online sequence diagram.........................................................................................39
Figure 14 Registration sequence diagram..................................................................................................40
Figure 15 Approve sequence diagram........................................................................................................41
Figure 16 Announcement sequence diagram.............................................................................................42
Figure 17 Deployment Diagram................................................................................................................43
Figure 18 Proposed system architecture....................................................................................................44

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Abbreviation
Admin-------------Administrator

UoG- ------------University of Gondar

ATC---------------Aste Tewedros campus

UML--------------- Unified Modeling Language

ID- -----------------Identification

USB----------------Universal Serial Bus

Mysql--------------Structural query language

PHP-----------------Hpertext Preprocessor

HTML…………..Hypertext Markup Language

CNCS………….College of Natural and Computational Science

MVS…………...Mobile Voting System

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Abstract
The voting system is the system by which any one can vote his or her leader in any organization
or at federal and state or regional level. Effective and efficient voting system has crucial role in
the development of any organization or in the development of any country. The project online
voting system aims to making the voting process easy in the UoG Atse Tewedros campus and
assist the campus students with different information associated with the student union. The
system is online and improves the voting process of existing system. The system is highly
focused on changing the manual activities to computerized system. The system is capable of
improving the user effort and time and additionally the system reduce the resource expenditure
of the campus by changing the activities done in manual such as registration, announcement and
counting voice to computerized system. Data collection methods such as interview, observation
are essential point in the project. System analysis approach and system design approaches are
main important part of the study by which the requirement to design graphical model of the
system was identified. Additionally the system includes the specification such as hardware
specification and software specification, testing and evaluation and project cost and
implementation of the system.

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Chapter one: Introduction

1.1. Background history of the study

University of Gondar is one of the biggest and well known universities in Ethiopia. The
university has five campuses (AtseTewedros campus, Atse Fassil campus, College of medicine
and Health science, Maraki campus and Melese campus) and the whole UoG has its own student
union from all campus. The student union for the first time established by the agreement of the
top manager, students and another body of the university worker. At the first time it was
established the union contain fifteen members. And also the main office of the union was in
AtseTewedros campus. The system of voting of the president or student council was
parliamentary and all students are not directly vote for the union. University of Gondar
AtseTewedros campus is one of the main campuses of the University of Gondar and also has its
own student union and also rule and regulation and criteria to select the students to compete to be
student council. No voting process is performed at all campus. First two students are selected
from each section of each campus to form the union of the whole campus and from that selected
only fifteen students are approved to be selected in the UoG student union of each campus. After
the process is completed only nine students are selected as a candidate for each campus from the
left students and the president, vice-president and writer are elected from those nine students for
each campus. The campus also has its own criteria to select those nine students and the criteria’s
are the student must be free from any political thinking, free from any religious aspects and free
from any addiction, the students grade (CGPA) must greater than 2.5 and free from any crime
record and must treat all students equally to be the member of the student union. The system is
expensive and time consuming because of it is manual. There are different activities performed
in the system such as:

 Giving orientation for all section in the campus how to select the students from each
section
 Selecting the students from each section of the campus
 Registering the selected students
 Calling these students for different orientation

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Currently UoG AtseTewedros student’s union has many branches of club. Such us: - academic,
discipline, anticorruption, anti ADIS, gender, sport and general service club. All of these clubs
are works hand to hand for student’s academic, discipline and other day to day issue. Generally
online voting system which is also known as electronic voting or internet voting system is the
system that allow the voter whose name is registered to vote from everywhere for their
constituency.

In online voting system a voter can use his or her voting right online without any difficulty. He or
She has to fill a registration form to register himself or herself. All the entries are checked by the
database which has already all information about the voter. If all the entries are correct then a
user ID and password is given to the voter, by using that ID and password he or she can use his
or her vote. If conditions are wrong then that entry will be discarded.

1.2. Statement of the problem

 Expensive and time consuming: The process of collecting data and entering the
collected data into the database consume or take too much time and expensive to conduct.
For example time and much money are spent to print the captured data.
 Too much paper work: since the voting system is manual the process involves much
paper work and paper to storage which is difficult as paper become bulky with the student
size.
 Loss of registration: The name of the voter is registered on the paper, since it is manual
and the paper can be lost and it takes to register again.
 Work over load: The administrator may be confused with different paper works. Due to
this he or makes a mistake while he or she working in the existing system
 Duplication of work: There are repetitions of works in the existing system. This
duplication of works leads to losing many resources.
 Does not allow all students to vote directly
 Difficult to keep the student’s interest: because the system is manual the candidate
information is not fairly verified to the student.

1.3. Objectives of the project

1.3.1. General objective

The general objective of the project is to design efficient and effective student union online
voting system for Atse Tewedros campus.

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1.3.2. Specific objective
 Reviewing and assessing the existing process approach
 Understanding the voting process approach.
 Identifying the use full tools for the system
 Model and design(build ) the system architecture
 Implement the system
 Evaluate the general activities of the study.
 Generate accurate report and affect sticks knowledge of election results using an on-line
computer processing system.

1.4. Scope of the project

There are different activities to be performed in the system, such as candidate registration, voter
registration, giving help to the voter how to vote, verifying the result to the user as soon as the
election is completed or generating the result, announcement, verifying the selected candidate to
the student.

There are different voting system in the world ,from those manual voting system which may be
parliamentary or presidential and electronic voting system which is web based voting in which
everyone who is legible to vote can vote from everywhere. The scope of the system is focus on
designing student union online voting system for University of Gondar Atse Tewedros campus.

1.5. Limitation and Delimitation of the project

1.5.1. Limitation of the study

Lack of full information from an organization about the existing system because of there is
no written document on the organization.
Lack of full resource such as personal computer, money.

1.5.2. Delimitation of the study

To overcome the problem in the existing system we developed the new system which is online
voting system for UoG ATC. Even if the system is good and can solve different problem in
existing system there are also some delimitation that we do not include in our new system. Those
the activities not included in our system are:

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  Voting by the short message by mobile phone which is called mobile voting system
(MVS): This system enables voters who have no personal computer and also make the
voting simple.

1.6. Significance of the project

The Significance of this project is for the Voters, candidates and Administrator.

For Voters

 Save the time of the Voters.

 It provides equal information through online for all voters (students) and Information
available at time.
 It gives private online election process.
 The system able to allow the voters to get fair voting.
 Enable the voter to see their result of voting as soon as the election is completed.
 Enable the voter to get every information about the candidate and also orientation on the
voting system online
For Candidates
 Improve time of the candidates.
 Distinguish the candidate by their specific information
 Enable the candidate to provide their information online to the voter

For Organization
 Enable the administrator to update, delete and edit information about the voter and
candidate simply.

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 Working load reduced. This means the administrator is confused in existing so many paper
work, but in proposed all these many paper work is changed to computerized work and
administrator do not confused with many works
 Improve time and resource expenditure of the university that exposed to election.
 It provides security for the data.
 Many tasks are automated.
 Enable the removal of duplicated data.

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Chapter two: Literature review

2.1. Voting system

Voting system is the very use full and essential through the human life. Voting system is the way
one can vote his leader that he wants. There may be different kind of voting such as presidential
and parliamentary. In the UoG AtseTewedros campus the voting system was parliamentary and
the process of voting was manual. Since it is manual the voting system may has its own
advantage and disadvantage. There are so many problems in the current voting system. The
students do not give their voice directly, the election committee may be busy by different work
and it takes money to work the paper work, example to print the registration paper. With the
development of the technology the system that does not need so many papers, money and time
was developed.

Online Voting System is a system which enables all students who are eligible to vote to cast
their vote online. The existing system is not efficient, effective and reliable for all students to use
and to give their voice. Still the UoG AtseTewewds campus use the manual system which is
difficult to perform many works in short period of time and to save the money of the university
to buy different material used in the process of election. Since 2005 the voting process was not
good and the students have no full information about the process of election the system. Even if
it is not open to all students starting from 2006-2008 the system was good more than the year
before. Now days due to different change of technology different manual systems are changed to
computerized system. From this system online voting system is the essential and important
system in different institution and organization in addition to federal and state level. This study
showed that the process that exist in the current system and who contributed in the process of the
manual system and what the system is going to be.

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2.2. Voting
Voting is a means of selecting or choosing leaders. It does not apply only to local governments,
states and federal government of Ethiopia but also in different institutions and social
organizations. Voting is one of the most critical features in our democratic process. By casting a
vote we hold previous politicians to account and express our hopes for the future.

Of course democracy is more than votes –it is debate, letter writing, campaigning, and
consultation - but the vote is how every single citizen can wield real and immediate power. In
addition to providing for the orderly transfer of power, it also cements the citizen’s trust and
confidence in an organization or government when it operates efficiently. It's incredibly
important that everyone can vote without interference, safe in the knowledge that it will be
counted. Through the long history of democracy we have learnt that in the pursuit of power some
groups are willing to threaten voters to make sure they vote 'the right way'. But if the vote is
secret then there is no way for intimidators to know whether someone has voted for them or not -
threats become useless. So votes are a vital expression of the people's power, which need to be
secret and restricted to only one per citizen.

Voting is a very important process in any political system. It is one of the means and most
effective method of ensuring a legitimate leader through popular participation.

Therefore, the conduct of elections in a democratic society is very important not only because
through it a change of government is effected but also because voting is the main form of
political participation for most people for democracy to be sound and smooth, it should be
enhanced on election free from fraud. Many years ago, most students were excluded and had not
evolved a system of voting to elect the leaders that will govern them and promote good facilities
in education, food and different program and peace. This means that students have to devise a
system whereby a leader or a set of leaders have elected from the ranks of the students. At that
point the idea of voting and being voted for became important and necessary. That means the
voters (students) are aware of what expected from them in the election process and the
candidates are also aware of what they should do in the process and after the election is
completed. But before an individual can cast his or her vote, there are certain conditions to be
met, one of which is to be registered as a voter.

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2.3. System
According to Marshall McLuhan, "System" means "something to look at"

System is set of detailed methods, procedures and routines created to carry out a specific activity,
perform a duty, or solve a problem.

Additionally system is an organized, purposeful structure that consists of interrelated and

interdependent elements (components, entities, factors, members, parts etc.). These elements
continually influence one another directly or indirectly to maintain their activity and the
existence of the system, in order to achieve the goal of the system.

All systems have:

 Inputs, outputs and feedback mechanisms,

 maintain an internal steady-state (called homeostasis) despite a changing external
environment,
 Display properties that are different than the whole (called emergent properties) but are
not possessed by any of the individual elements, and
 Have boundaries that are usually defined by the system observer.

The system is also focus on the system which has its own components, input, outputs, feedback,
and boundaries to solve the problem in the existing system which is manual system. The newly
developed system is securing efficient and effective and solves different problems of the existing
system in our study.

2.4. Online
Online is the condition of being connected to a network of computers or other devices.

Additionally online is defined as Computer or device connected to a network (such as Internet)

and ready to use (or be used by) other computers or devices. Online is the service that available
through computer system for different purpose such as online voting, online shopping, online
hotel reservation system, online examination, etc. The one that we focus on in the system is
online voting. Online voting system is the system that performs with the help of computer
system. Online is the service that provides different support for the user.

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2.5. Online voting system
On-line Voting System is a web based system that facilitates the running of elections and surveys
online. This system has been developed to simplify the process of organizing elections and make
it convenient for voters to vote remotely from their home computers while taking into
consideration security, anonymity and providing auditioning capabilities.
Users are individuals who interact with the system. All user interaction is performed remotely
through the user's web browser. In our system users are categorized into three classes:
Administrator, candidates and Voters.
A running version of the system will have only one Administrator but it typically has multiple
candidates and voters. The administrator is responsible for managing user accounts, polls, system
resources and logs and for the health and safekeeping of the system. Candidates have the
responsibility of promoting him/herself online to the voters, whereas voters only have the ability
to give voice online. For the user to use the system there should be their name and user ID in the
database of the system. The voters must register to use the system and to access it. In “online
voting system” a voter can use his or her voting right online without any difficulty. He or She has
to fill a registration form to register himself or herself. All the entries are checked by the database
which has already all information about the voter. Different researchers have different idea on
online voting system (electronic voting).

According to Oostveen .A.M. and Bessdaar P.V. (2009), electronic voting system (also known as
e _voting) is an electronic system which uses electronic ballot that would allow voters to
transmit their secure and secret voted ballot to election officials over the computer. Also
VoteHere Inc (2002) defined an electronic voting (e-voting) system as one in which the election
data is recorded, stored and processed primarily as digital information. Lastly, Qadah, G.Z. and
Taha R. (2007) defined e-voting systems as systems that allow the eligible voter to cast their vote
via a computer normally connected to internet or intranet from anywhere like home or office
[10]. The basic feature of electronic voting and an electronic voting system is that electorates are
able to cast their votes electronically with the use of computers in such a way that the ballots can
be transmitted electronically through a secure channel to a central collation centre where the
votes can be counted in real-time with ease, thereby eliminating the usual delays and challenges
associated with handling manual voting and collation. [11]

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Chapter three: project design and methodology

3.1. Data collection methods

There is different data collection methodology. We used different method of data collection
methodology to collect information on our study. It includes requirement that we collected by
interviewing the president of student council and Executive members of the union.

The method used for achieve the development of this project based on the exact need of the
campus and to meet their purpose; we had applied or used different types of data Gathering
methodologies.

1. Interview

This methodology encapsulates two types of methods. These methods are closed and open
interview. So our groups have selected an open interview for interviewing the student council
and recognizing the existing working procedure of these tasks.

2. Observation

Additionally we also collected data on our study by using observation method see how the
system currently doing. We have seen the process of the manual system by physically going to
the office.

3. Document analysis

Document analysis is concerned with looking at or assessing the document written on the process and
activities performed in the voting system of the organization. Here while we doing the system we did not
get enough documents because of there are no more documents written on the voting process of student
union of University of Gondar as the whole.

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 3.2. System analysis approach
System analysis is the process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing problems and the
information to recommended improvements on the system. System analysis is a problem solving
activity that requires intensive communication between the system users and system developers.
System analysis or study is an important phase of any system development process. The system
is studied to the minutest detail and analyzed. The system analysis includes different activities
such as gathering data, identifying system requirement, prioritize system requirement and
recommendation and evaluation of the system. The system analyst plays the role of the
interrogator and dwells deep into the working of the present system. The system is viewed as a
whole and the input to the system are identified. The outputs from the organizations are traced to
the various processes.

A detailed study of the process must be by various techniques like interviews, questionnaires,
and observation to gather the information on the system, by stating what is the process in the
existing system and how the existing system is work. The data collected by these different data
collection method is stored. The conclusion is an understanding of how the system functions.
After collecting data on existing system and storing that we must identify the system
requirement. Now the existing system is subjected to close study and problem areas are
identified. After identifying what the requirement of the system and problem of the system the
proposed system must generate and evaluate the alternative. Here what important things the
system to do is must be considered. Additionally to solve the problem in the existing system and
to identify the system requirement the best way to create the system is must be considered. Then
we now functions as a problem solver and tries to sort out difficulties that exist in the current
system. After identifying the problem and the requirement of the system the new system or the
proposed system is going to solve the identified problem. The proposal is then weighed with the
existing system analytically and the best one is selected. In system analysis there are two
requirement, Functional requirement and Nonfunctional requirement. There are different system
analysis approaches, but we prefer to use object oriented approach.

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 3.2.1. Overview of the existing system
UoG election board performs election process including all five campus (Atse Tewedros campus,
Atse Fasil campus, Melas campus, College of medicine and health science, Maraki campus) to
elect the student council. Atse Tewedros campus also perform the process of election by
registering the competent who want to compete for this work from each department of the
campus. The process is done by selecting two students from each section and from these students
finally only nine students are approved for the election. No information about the selected
candidates is promoted to the whole students.

3.2.2. Overview of proposed system

The proposed system is the system that was designed to change the manual system to automated
or computerized system to solve the problem in the existing system or current system. The
proposed system is computerized and every work on the election process is done online. All
students have equal chance to see what posted online by the admin. Registration is online and the
candidates also post their information online.

3.2.3. Functional requirement

Functional requirement is one of the system requirements which the proposed system can
perform. There are different functional requirement the proposed or new system can perform.
These are:

 The system should enable voter registration.

 The system should enable candidate registration.
 The system should enable the candidate announce themselves online to the voter.
 The system should enable to provide the user or voter with different information
associated with the voting online.
 The system should enable Calculate total number of votes for each candidate

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 3.2.4. Nonfunctional requirement

Performance: Requirement represents the performance the system is required to exhibit to meet
the needs of the user. The system should provide response for the user in less time than the
previous system. This indicates that the system is fast and easy to access.

Availability: The system must be available at all hours during an election period.

Efficiency: efficiency requirement represent the system ability to produce out puts with minimal
wastage of resources and time. The proposed system can reduce the cost of the organization by
considering the number of students (voters) in the campus. The voters can give his or her voice
in a few minutes which is in the time not more than three minutes

Portability: it can access different browsers Mozilla Firefox, internet explorer and Google
chrome versions.

Security:security requirement represents the type and degree of security that must be provide the
system give maximum chance for user to enter their authentication information for logging in to
the system. The system should make use of central’s data base system to keep track of Property
officers or users request. The system secure by checking the standard identification card from the
central recorded information or database.

3.3. Hardware and Software specification

3.3.1. Hardware specification

 Personal computer
 Hard disk
 USB: USB act as file transfer.
 Flash disk
 Copy machine
 Print machine

3.3.2. Software specification

 XAMPP: act as server

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  Database software:-Mysql database which holds the information of the voters and
candidates.

 Microsoft word: used for documentation to write and edit

 Microsoft power point: used to present our proposal.

 Edraw max: Unified Modeling language which used in the designing part of our study.

 Notepad++:- used to written java script or edit PHP code on it or write HTML code

 Dreamweaver: used to write the code and run the program

Program Languages: - PHP used to develop implementation of our online webpage system. The
reason why we are selecting this software tool from others because, Firstly PHP is new server-
side scripting language that has become extremely popular with the programmers.

3.4. Feasibility analysis

The feasibility study is the study of how much the system is use full in different manner such as,
does the system provides user with proper information, easy to operate. The crucial part is
deciding upon the requirement, to provide the possible solution .The system should meet the user
needs, the system should be economical, and the system should be easily maintained and
enhanced.

Feasibility study is conducted to test the operational, economical, technical and legal feasibility
of the system.

3.4.1. Economical feasibility

There are different problem in the existing system including the economical problem. The new
system plays the crucial role in solving the economical problem of the existing system in an
organization. Since the system is online and computer supported the system reduce the cost spent

14
for different purpose in the current system of an organization. The system offers significant cost
benefits over paper elections in a vote to vote comparison

Generally the system saves the resource as well as the economy of an organization.

3.4.2. Operational feasibility

The system provides a user-friendly interface and is therefore easy to use. Since the system is
user friendly the user can operate it and the user can access the system easily to get what he
want. Operating the system requires no programming knowledge anybody with basic computing
knowledge can use the system. The students (voters), candidates, and administrator can operate
the system easily. Therefore the system is operationally feasible.

3.4.3. Technical feasibility

The project is important for practicality of the specific technical solution for the problem in the
system and the availability of technical resources and expertise. The system is technically
feasible and it is used to enhance the speed and accuracy of technical works and to reduce
technical errors.

3.4.4. Legal feasibility

The system is not conflict with any legal or rule and regulation. The system comply the rule and
regulation of the data processing system. Therefore since the system does not conflict with any
rule and regulation the system is legally feasible

3.5. Use case diagram

Shows use cases, actors, and their interrelationships. In its simplest form, a use case can be
described as a specific way of using the system from a user’s (actor’s) perspective and describes
what the system does from the stand point of view. Use cases provide a means to capture system
requirements, communicate with the end users and domain experts, and test the system. Use

15
cases are best discovered by examining the actors and defining what the actor will be able to do
with the system. Generally use case model is mainly divided into two:

 Use case: have been identified from the system specification

 Provide information:-Administrator can see general reports about the election

and result.

 Approve candidate: - Administrator can approve the candidate from the

registered student.

 View result:-after election is completed anyone who want to see the result able to
view.

 Login: - used for protecting information to do validate task by their account

username and password validation.

 Logout:-after task is finished any user must logout the system.

 Announcement: - the candidates advertise their information to voters.

 Register: -student can register to participate in the election that held by the
student and candidate can register to participate in the election process.

 Vote online: -student can vote online anywhere at any time in the schedule.

 Actors: have been identified from the system specification.

 Administrator: select the candidate from the registered student to compete in the
election.

 Voter: regular student in the university or in ATC

 Candidate: regular student in ATC compete to represent the students.

16
Use case diagram

Figure 1 Use case diagram

17
 3.5.1. Use case description
Use case Name Login

Participating actor(s) Administrator, Voters, Candidates

Description Here the administrator, voters and candidates can login and
perform the activity

Flow of events 1. Execute browser

2. open the home page
3. press user
4. Click on administrator or voters or candidates
5. Login form
6. Fill the login information
7. click on Login
Entry conditions The users must have their own accounts to login into the
system

Exit conditions Valid page

Table 1 User login

Use case Name Registration

Participating actor(s) Voters and candidates

18
Description Voters and candidates can register and perform the activities

Flow of events 1. Execute browser

2. open the home page
3. press Registration
4. Click on voters or candidates
5. Access registration form
6. Fill the registration form
7. click on Register
Exit conditions Successfully registered

Table 2 Voter registration

Use case Name Announcement

Participating actor(s) Candidates

Flow of events 1. Execute browser

2. open the home page

19
 3. press user
4. click on candidate
5. Access candidates login form
6. Fill the Login form
7. click on Login
8. Access voter page
9. Click on announcement
10. Access announcement form
11. Fill the information
12. Click on save
Entry conditions The candidates must be approved candidates

Exit conditions Successfully saved

Table 3 Candidate announcement

Use case Name Logout

Participating actor(s) Voters, Administrator, Candidates

Flow of events 1. Execute browser

2. open the home page
3. Perform activities
4. Activities completed
5. Click on logout
Exit conditions Home page

Table 4 User logout

Use case Name Vote online

Participating actor(s) Voters

Description Voters can register and perform the activities

20
Flow of events 1. Execute browser
2. open the home page
3. press user
4. click on voters
5. Access voter login
6. Fill login information
7. Click on Login
8. Access voter page
9. Click on vote online
10. Access login form
11. Insert voter id
12. Click on login
13. Access voting page
14. Select the candidates you want
15. Click on submit query
Entry conditions The voters must regular student in the campus

Exit conditions Your vote is successfully casted

Table 5 Vote online

Use case Name View result

Participating actor(s) Administrator, Candidates, Voters

Flow of events 1. Execute browser

2. open the home page
3. Press user
4. Click on administrator or Voters or candidates
5. Access login form
6. Fill the login information

21
 7. Click on login
8. Access Administrator page or Voters page or
Candidate page
9. Click on view result
10. Access the result of election
Exit conditions Logout

Table 6 View result

Use case Name Approve

Participating actor(s) Administrator

Description Administrator approve the candidate for the final

Flow of events 1. Execute browser

2. open the home page
3. press user
4. Click on Administrator
5. Access login form
6. Fill the login information
7. Access the administrator page

22
 8. Click on Approve
9. Access list of registered candidates
10. Click on go
11. Register approved candidates
12. click on Register
Entry conditions The candidates must regular student in the campus

Exit conditions Successfully registered

Table 7 Approve

Use case Name Search, update and delete

Participating actor(s) Administrator

Description Administrator search, update, delete the candidates and

voters information

Flow of events 1. Execute browser

2. open the home page
3. press user
4. Click on Administrator
5. Access login form
6. Fill the login information
7. Access the administrator page
8. Press on search or update or delete

23
 9. Click on voters or candidates
10. Access search page
11. Insert the search query
12. Click on search
Exit conditions Needed information is displayed

Table 8 search, update and delete

Use case Name Give feedback

Participating actor(s) Voters and Candidates

Description Voters and candidates can give the comment on the process

Flow of events 1. Execute browser

2. open the home page
3. press user
4. Click on voters or candidates
5. Access login form
6. Fill the login information
7. Access the voters page or candidate page
8. Click on comment
9. Access comment page

24
 10. Fill the information
11. Click on submit
Exit conditions Successfully submitted

Table 9 Feedback

Use case Name Provide information

Participating actor(s) Administrator

Description Administrator provide information associated with the

voting system

Flow of events 1. Execute browser

2. open the home page
3. press user
4. Click on Administrator
5. Access login form
6. Fill the login information
7. Access the administrator page
8. Click on information
9. Access the valid page
10. Fill the information

25
 11. Click on submit
Exit conditions Successfully submitted

Table 10 Provide information

3.6. System design approach

System design’s main aim is to identify the modules that should be in the system, the
specifications of these modules and how they interact with each other to produce the desired
results. At the end of system design all the major data structures, file formats and the major
modules in the system and their specifications are decided. The most creative and challenging
phase of the system development process is design phase, it is a solution, a “how to” approach to
the creation of the proposed system design, the first step in the development of an engineered
product is initiated only after a clear exposition of expected product functions becomes available.
Based on the user requirements and the detailed analysis of a new system, the new system must
be designed. This is the phase of system designing. Normally the design proceeds in two stages:
preliminary or general design, structure or detailed design.

Preliminary or general design: In the preliminary or general design, the features of the new
system are specified. The costs of implementing these features and benefits to be derived are
estimated. If the project is still considered to be feasible, we move to detailed design stage.
Structure or detailed design: In the detailed design stage, computer oriented work begins. At this
stage, the design of the system becomes more structured. Structured design is a blue print of a
computer system solution to a given problem having the same components and inters-

26
relationship among the same components as the original problem. Input, output and processing
specifications are drawn up in detail .In the design stage, the programming language and the
platform in which the new system will run are also decided. Generally the system design aims to
solve the problem of the existing system and to fulfill the requirement identified in the system
analysis by designing the overall structure of flow of information or interaction between the
object. In our project we prefer to use the object oriented design which is Unified Modeling
language (UML).

3.6.1. Class diagram

This section discusses classes and their variations, including templates and instantiated classes,
and the relationships between classes association and the contents of classes (attributes and
operations).Class diagrams show the static structure of the model, in particular, the things that
exist (such as classes and types), their internal structure, and their relationships to other things.

Generally shows a collection of static model elements such as classes and types, their contents,
and their relationships.

27
Figure 2 Class diagram

3.6.2. Activity diagram

The activity diagram is concerned with showing the activity to be done in the system. It state
from where the activity starts and what happened if there is something error. Generally it depicts
high-level business processes, including data flow, or to model the logic of complex logic within
a system

Login

28
Figure 3 Login activity diagram

Registration

29
Figure 4 Registration activity diagram

30
Approve activity diagram

Figure 5 Approve activity diagram

Announcement

31
Figure 6 Announcement activity diagram

Vote online

32
Figure 7 Vote online activity diagram

33
View result

Figure 8 View result activity diagram

34
Logout

Figure 9 View result activity diagram

35
 3.6.3. Sequence diagram
A sequence diagram shows an interaction arranged in time sequence. In particular, it shows the
instances participating in the interaction by their “lifelines” and the stimuli that they arranged in
time sequence. It does not show the associations among the objects. Models the sequential logic,
in effect the time ordering of messages between classifiers

Figure 10 Administrator login sequence diagram

36
Figure 11 Voters login sequence diagram

37
Figure 12 Candidates login sequence diagram

38
Vote online

Figure 13 Voters vote online sequence diagram

39
Register

Figure 14 Registration sequence diagram

40
Figure 15 Approve sequence diagram

41
Candidate announcement

Figure 16 Announcement sequence diagram

42
 3.6.4. Deployment diagram

Administrator

Receive Retrieve Info

Candidate Web Databas
Execute server e
Reques
t

Voters

Figure 17 Deployment Diagram

3.6.5. Proposed system architecture

43
A software system is a set of communicating entities that collaborates to perform task. The
architectural Design is a top level design which shows these entities, their relationships. The
system uses this architecture. Users use laptop or Desktop use to communicate and access
system. The user requests to the browser as soon as web browser receive the request it transfer to
web server then the web server send query to the database and finally server retrieve information
from the database and give response

Figure 18 Proposed system architecture

3.7. Testing and Evaluation Methods

3.7.1. Testing
Testing is the process of executing a program with the indentation of finding any errors. Testing
is vital to the success of the system. Without proper testing hide errors will surface after

44
sometime of use and perhaps irreversible damage has been done to valuable data. A series of
tests like responsiveness, its value, stress and security are performed before the system is
ready for user acceptance testing. System testing follows the logical conclusion that is all
part of the system are tested and found to be working properly under all kinds of situations,
and then the system is achieving its goal of processing the data perfectly according to user
rules and requirements.

3.7.1.1. Unit testing

It involves the basic testing of a piece of code, the size of which is often undefined in
practice. During the unit testing it is tested to know whether that particular unit in the
proper manner as expecting, if not appropriate modifications are applied to get proper
outputs. We tested the functionality of each unit and each module and the system is functional.

3.7.1.2. Validation testing

This kind of testing is concerned with testing whether the system is validated or not. Interfacing
errors have been uncovered and correct and final series of test, i.e. Validation begins. Validation
test is defined with a simple definition that validation succeeds when the software functions in
a manner that can be reasonably accepted by the customer. Thus we have successfully
done validation testing. The system checks the validity of the information and gives a response

3.7.1.3. Output testing

After performing the validation testing, next is the output testing of the proposed system. The
system cannot be useful if it not produce required output to the user. The output displayed by the
system under consideration will be compared with the user needs or compared with the
requirement. Here the output format is considered in two ways, screen format and printed
format. The output format on the screen is found to be correct as the format was
defined in the design phase according to user needs. As for the hardcopy the output
comes according to the specification requested by the user. Here the output testing does
not result in any correction in the system. Thus we have successfully done output testing.

3.7.1.4. User acceptance testing

It is the key for success of any system. The system under consideration is tested for user
acceptance by constantly keeping in touch with perspective system at the time of development

45
and making changes whenever required. This is done with regarding to the input screen design
and output screen design. Thus we have successfully done user acceptance testing.

The system is more concerned with user acceptance testing because of user Acceptance Testing
is a critical phase of any system and requires significant participation by the end user. It also
ensures that the system meets the functional requirements.

3.7.2. Evaluation
Project evaluation refers to the systematic way of assessing or reviewing the work that have done
in the project. It involves the analysis of costs, outcome or impact, implementation as well as the
need for the project. Generally the evaluation in our project involves evaluating what have done
in the system, how effectively and efficiently our system provide desired output to the user , how
our system interact with the user and also it involves evaluation of how much the system is
feasible.
For better evaluation mechanism we have the following standards in which the evaluator has to
consider while evaluating the system:
 User interface design of the system
 Accessibility
 Ease of the system
 Effectiveness
 Efficiency
 Functionality

CHAPTER FOUR: Form and layout design

4.1. User interface design

(A)Home page

46
The above figure is the home page of the system and it contain different module which contain
different activities. Before starting the activities the first page displayed to the user is home
page.

(B) Admin login

47
The image is the administrator login page. After opening the home page the administrator click
on administrator to perform his activities. To get his page the administrator should have fulfill
the login information. If the information is correct administrator page is displayed but if not the
error message is displayed.

(C) Administrator page

48
Here the above image is shows us the administrator page with the activities performed by
administrator. The administrator generally controls the system and can perform the activities
such as, search, delete, update provides information, viewing result and approve the candidates.

49
(D) Voter registration

The above image is the voter registration form. The voters should have register before doing any
activities because of the system do not accept the voters if he or she has no ID. To perform the
activities the voter should have his or her own ID number.

Voters login to vote

50
Here the voter can give voice if he or she has the ID number unless otherwise the system refuses
to accept them. By filling the login with correct information the voter get the voting page and can
select one and submit his or her voice.

(E) Voting page

51
Here this is the voting page and the user can give their voice. The system return the error
message if the voters tried to vote twice.

52
(G) Results

The image shows us the result of the election for each candidate. Uncounted vote is value less.
The votes are only given to the candidates.

53
CHAPTER FIVE: Conclusion and recommendation

5.1. Conclusion
Voting system is one of the most important and essential systems that enable the voter vote their
representative. There are different methods of voting at international, national, regional, and
organization level. Voting system is the most important system in the University of Gondar
student union. The student union voting system in University of Gondar Atse Tewedros campus
was manual system including others UoG campus. The existing system gives service for the user
manually. Because of the system is manual system the system is not efficient and effective, the
system is time consuming, need too many money to perform different action, there is data
redundancy and error.

By considering the existing system and the problem of the existing system we decided to develop
the automated system which is online voting system for the campus. Online voting system is one
of the methods of voting system that enables the voters to gives their voice from everywhere in
the short period of time. Online voting system change the manual activities in the existing system
to automated or computer supported system. In online voting system every activities of voting
system is changed to computer supported, registration, voting, viewing result, announcement and
other information associated to the voting system can be done online. To develop this new
system we conducted different data gathering system such as interview, observation, and
document analysis to gather data and information about the existing system, the process and
activities in voting system. The newly developed system gives the user (Administrator, Voters,
and Candidates) efficient and effective services because of it is cost effective, save the time and
reduce the error and control data redundancy.

54
 5.2. Recommendation
Based on the finding of the study the following recommendation suggested for further studies:

Mobile voting system

Finger print voting system
Linked with each department and discipline office online

55
REFRENCES
[1] Grace Cabie. (2014, April, 01). ‘‘Online voting system source code help’’. Available:
http://sourcecodehelp.com/show_code.php?(accessed 1, December, 2015)

[2] CSism KV. (2014). ‘‘Online voting academic project in php synopsis’’. Available:
http://www.projectcorner.in/online-voting-academic-project-php-synopsis(accessed 14,
December, 2015)

[3]Nandasaba Wilson (2012, May). ‘‘Project report on online voting system’’. Available:
http://www.slideshare.net/wilsonnandasaba(accessed 3, November, 2015)

[4]Nitin Bhasin.(2013). ‘‘Report on online voting system’’. Available:

http://www.slideshare.net/nitinbhasin3(accessed 20, November, 2015)

[5] John W. Satzinger, Robert B. Jackson, Stephen D. Burd. (2012).system analysis and design
changing world. (6th edition). [Print]. [24, November, 2015].

[6] Robert v, stumpe .layette C. Teague, objects oriented system analysis and design with UML
page [50-350].

[7] Kendall, Kenneth E. (2011). Systems Analysis and Design. (8th ed). [Print] .17p, 315p-353p.
(Accessed 10, December, 2015)

[8] Norman, Ronald. (1996). Object oriented system analysis and design. [Print]. (Accessed 10,
December, 2015)

[8] UML Sequence Diagram. Design Elements. Internet:

http://www.conceptdraw.com/examples/sequence-diagram(accessed 02, January, 2016)

[9] The Complete Guide to UML Diagram Types with Examples. Internet:
http://creately.com/blog/diagrams/uml-diagram-types-examples/(accessed 02, January, 2016)

[10] Voting system. Internet: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_system (accessed 06,

December, 2015)

[11] E-voting. Internet: http://www.slideshare.net/Shalashawy/e-voting[accessed 10 January,

2015]

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Appendix
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head>

<link href="Style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

<title>Online Voting system</title>

</head>

<body>

<div id="container">

<div id="header">

<table width="347" border="1">

<tr>

<td><img src="download2.jpg" width="202" height="132" /></td>

<td bgcolor=""><img src="p1.jpg" width="90" height="99" /></td>

<td><img src="3.jpg" width="511" height="134" /></td>

<td bgcolor=""><img src="v1.jpg" width="109" height="93" /></td>

<td><img src="I4.jpg" width="197" height="135" /></td>

</tr>

</table>

</div>

57
<div id="menu">

<ul>

<li><a href="Home.php"><b>Home</b></a></li>

<li><a href="User.php"><b>User</b></a>

<ul>

<li><a href="Admin2.php"><b>Administrator</b></a></li>

<li><a href="Voterlogin.php"><b>Voters</b></a></li>

<li><a href="Candidatelogin.php"><b>Candidates</b></a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li><a href="#"><b>Registration</b></a>

<ul>

<li><a href="Voterregist.php"><b>Voters</b></a></li>

<li><a href="Candidateregistration.php"><b>Candidates</b></a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li><a href="Approvedcanlist.php"><b>Approved</b></a>

</li>

<li><a href="Candidatelogin1.php"><b>Announcement</b></a>

<ul>

<li><a href="Candidatedetail.php"><b>Candidate detail</b></a></li>

58
<li><a href="index.php"><b>Vedio</b></a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li><a href="Voters.php"><b>Vote online</b></a></li>

<li><a href="results.php"><b>View result</b></a></li>

<li><a href="About.php"><b>About_us</b></a>

<ul>

<li><a href="Developer.php"><b>Developer</b></a></li>

<li><a href="Vision.php"><b>Vision</b></a></li>

<li><a href="Mission.php"><b>Mission</b></a></li>

</ul>

</li>

<li><a href="Contact.php"><b>Contact_us</b></a></li>

</ul>

</div>

<div id="sidebar">

<h2 align="center"><b>Another important links</b></h2>

<ul>

<li><a href="News.php">News</a></li>

<li><a href="Rule.php">Election rule and regulation</a></li>

<li><a href="Inform.php"><b>More Information</b></a></li>

59
<li><a href="Help.php"><b>Help</b></a></li>

</ul>

</div>

<div id="rightside">

<div align="center" >

<script type="text/javascript">

var image1=new Image()

image1.src="I1.jpg"

var image2=new Image()

image2.src="I2.jpg"

var image3=new Image()

image3.src="I10.jpg"

var image4=new Image()

image4.src="I5.jpg"

var image5=new Image()

image5.src="I6.jpg"

var image6=new Image()

image6.src="I7.jpg"

var image7=new Image()

image7.src="I8.jpg"

var image8=new Image()

60
image8.src="I9.jpg"

</script>

<img src="I1.jpg" name="slide" width="230" height="276" /><script type="text/javascript">

var step=1

function slideit(){

document.images.slide.src=eval("image"+step+".src")

if(step<8)

step++

else

step=1

setTimeout("slideit()",2500)

slideit()

</script></td>

</tr>

</table>

<table align="center" bgcolor="#9999FF" border="1" bordercolor="#990066">

<tr>

<td> <h2 align="center">Activities</h2>

<p>There are different activities to be performed in the system. Such as Candidate

registration, </p>

61
 <p>Voter registration</p>

<p>Online voting system</p>

<p>Verifying the result to the user as soon as the election is completed or generating the result
report, </p>

<p>Verifying the selected candidate to the student.</p></td>

</tr>

</table>

</div>

</div>

<div id="mainbody">

<table width="660">

<tr>

<td bgcolor="#000" width="200"><img src="anigif.gif" height="257" width="320"/></td>

<td bordercolor="#99CC33" bgcolor="#99FF99">The voting system is the system by which

any one can vote his or her leader in any organization or at federal and state or regional level.
Effective and efficient voting system has crucial role in the development of any organization or
in the development of any country. The project online voting system aims to making the voting
process easy in the UoG Atse Tewedros campus and assist the campus students with different
information associated with the student union. </td>

</tr>

</table><br /><br />

<table width="660">

<tr>

62
 <td>University of Gondar is one of the biggest and well known universities in Ethiopia. The
University has five campuses (AtseTewedros campus, Atse Fassil campus, College of medicine
and Health science, Maraki campus and Melese campus) and the whole UoG has its own student
union from all campus. The student union for the first time established by the agreement of the
top manager, students and another body of the university worker. At the first time it was
established the union contain fifteen members. And also the main office of the union was in
AtseTewedros campus. The system of voting of the president or student council was
parliamentary and all students are not directly vote for the union. University of Gondar
AtseTewedros campus is one of the main campuses of the University of Gondar and also has its
own student union and also rule and regulation and criteria to select the students to compete to be
student council. </td>

<td><img src="I4.jpg" width="200" height="192" /></td>

</tr>

</table>

</div>

<b></b>

<div id="footer">

<p align="center">&copy; <?php echo date('Y');?>.All rights reserved, Online voting system by
G3</p></div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

63
64