Random Variables

Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT

November 7, 2019

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 1 / 11
 Toss a coin three times.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 2 / 11
 Toss a coin three times.What are the possible
outcomes?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 2 / 11
 Toss a coin three times.What are the possible
outcomes?
Hold your breath and record the time using your
stop watch.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 2 / 11
 Toss a coin three times.What are the possible
outcomes?
Hold your breath and record the time using your
stop watch. How long can you hold your breath (in
seconds)?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 2 / 11
 Statistical Experiment
Statistical experiment is a process that will generate
data.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 3 / 11
 Statistical Experiment
Statistical experiment is a process that will generate
data.

Sample Space
Sample space is the set of all possible outcomes of an
experiment.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 3 / 11
 If a coin was tossed three times, how many times will the
head appears?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 4 / 11
 Random Variables
It is a variable whose values are determined by
chance.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 5 / 11
 Random Variables
It is a variable whose values are determined by
chance.
It is a function that associates a real number to
each element in the sample space.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 5 / 11
 Random Variables
It is a variable whose values are determined by
chance.
It is a function that associates a real number to
each element in the sample space.

Example
Two balls are drawn in succession without replacement
from an urn containing 5 red balls and 6 blue balls. Let
Y be the random variable representing the number of
blue balls. Find the values of the random variable Y.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 5 / 11
 Example
In the breath-holding experiment, let Z be the random
variable representing the time (in seconds) a student can
hold his/her breath. Find the possible values of random
variable Z?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 6 / 11
 Types of Random Variables

Discrete Random Variable

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 7 / 11
 Types of Random Variables

Discrete Random Variable

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 7 / 11
 Discrete Random Variable
A random variable is a discrete random variable if its
set of possible outcomes is countable.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 8 / 11
 Discrete Random Variable
A random variable is a discrete random variable if its
set of possible outcomes is countable.
Example:
Number of heads obtained when tossing a coin
three times.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 8 / 11
 Discrete Random Variable
A random variable is a discrete random variable if its
set of possible outcomes is countable.
Example:
Number of heads obtained when tossing a coin
three times.
Number of siblings a person has.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 8 / 11
 Discrete Random Variable
A random variable is a discrete random variable if its
set of possible outcomes is countable.
Example:
Number of heads obtained when tossing a coin
three times.
Number of siblings a person has.
Number of students present in a classroom.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 8 / 11
 Discrete Random Variable
A random variable is a discrete random variable if its
set of possible outcomes is countable.
Example:
Number of heads obtained when tossing a coin
three times.
Number of siblings a person has.
Number of students present in a classroom.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 8 / 11
 Continuous Random Variables
A random variable is a continuous random variable if
it takes on values on a continuous scale.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 9 / 11
 Continuous Random Variables
A random variable is a continuous random variable if
it takes on values on a continuous scale.
Remarks:
Often, continuous RVs represent measured data, such as
heights, weights, and temperatures.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 9 / 11
 Classify the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
1 the number of dropout in a school for a period of
10 years

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 10 / 11
 Classify the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
1 the number of dropout in a school for a period of
10 years
2 the number of female athletes

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 10 / 11
 Classify the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
1 the number of dropout in a school for a period of
10 years
2 the number of female athletes
3 the time needed to finish the test

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 10 / 11
 Classify the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
1 the number of dropout in a school for a period of
10 years
2 the number of female athletes
3 the time needed to finish the test
4 the amount of sugar in a cup of coffee

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 10 / 11
 Classify the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
1 the number of dropout in a school for a period of
10 years
2 the number of female athletes
3 the time needed to finish the test
4 the amount of sugar in a cup of coffee
5 the number of people who are playing Mobile
Legends each day

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 10 / 11
 Classify the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
1 the number of dropout in a school for a period of
10 years
2 the number of female athletes
3 the time needed to finish the test
4 the amount of sugar in a cup of coffee
5 the number of people who are playing Mobile
Legends each day
6 the number of accidents per year at an intersection

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 10 / 11
 Classify the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
1 the number of dropout in a school for a period of
10 years
2 the number of female athletes
3 the time needed to finish the test
4 the amount of sugar in a cup of coffee
5 the number of people who are playing Mobile
Legends each day
6 the number of accidents per year at an intersection
7 the average amount of electricity consumed per
household per month
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 10 / 11
 Seatwork 1
Classify the following random variables as discrete or
continuous.
1 the number of defective computers produced by
Apple
2 the weight of newborn each year in a hospital
3 the number of siblings in a family of a region
4 the amount of paint utilized in a building project
5 the speed of a car

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 11 / 11
 Assignment

From a box containing 4 black balls and 2 green balls, 3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wilson L. De Guzman, LPT (Caloocan High School) Random Variables November 7, 2019 12 / 11