Code No: R22211 R10 SET - 1
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April – 2012
MECHANISMS AND MECHANCIAL DESIGN
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. a) Sketch and explain different constrained motions
b) Explain with suitable sketches, the inversions of slider crank chain. (6M+9M)
2. a) Derive an expression for the magnitude and direction of Coriolis component of acceleration.
b) A reciprocating engine has connecting rod of length 20cm and crank 5cm long. By Klein’s
construction determine the velocity and acceleration of piston when the crank has turned
through an angle of 45 degrees from IDC clockwise and is rotating at 240rpm. (7M+8M)
3. a) State and prove three centres in line theorem.
b) In a slider crank mechanism, the crank is 480 mm long and rotates at 20 rad/s in the counter
clockwise direction. The length of the connecting rod is 1.6m.When the crank turns 600 from
the inner-dead centre, determine using instantaneous centre method, i) the velocity the slider
ii) Angular velocity of the connecting rod. (6M+9M)
4. a) Define the terms i) plane of spinning ii) plane of precession iii) axis of precession iv) plane
of gyroscopic couple
b) A disc with radius of gyration 60 mm and a mass of 4 kg is mounted centrally on a
horizontal axle of 80 mm length between the bearings. It spins about the axle at 800 rpm
counter clockwise when viewed from the right hand side bearing. The axle precesses about
vertical axis at 50 rpm in the clockwise direction when viewed from above. Determine the
resultant reaction at each bearing due to the mass and gyroscopic effect. (6M+9M)
5. a) Sketch and explain different cam follower systems based on the surface contact.
b) Draw the displacement, velocity and acceleration diagrams for a follower when it moves
with uniform acceleration and retardation. Derive the expression for velocity and acceleration
during out stroke and return strokes of the follower. (6M+9M)
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Code No: R22211 R10 SET - 1
6. For a symmetric tangent cam with roller follower, derive the expressions for acceleration when
the follower on straight flank and on nose circles. (15M)
7. An overhung shaft carries a 1m diameter pulley, whose centre is 250 mm from the centre of the
nearest bearing. The weight of the pulley is 600 N and angle of lap of the belt may be assumed
as 1800. The pulley is driven by a motor, placed below it, at an angle of 45 degrees. If the
permissible tension in the belt is 2500 N and coefficient of friction is 0.3; determine the size of
the shaft. Assume the permissible shear stress in the shaft material as 50 MPa. Take shock and
fatigue factors for torsion and bending as 2 and 1.5 respectively. State the position of the motor
so that the size of the shaft required is the least, and also determine its size. (15M)
8. a) Define: i) circular pitch ii) module iii) pitch diameter
b) In an epicyclic gear train, an arm carries two wheels A and B having 36 and 45 teeth
respectively. If the arm rotates at 150 rpm in the counter clockwise direction about the centre of
the wheel A which is fixed, determine the speed of wheel B. If the wheel A instead of being
fixed makes 300 rpm in the clockwise direction, what will be the speed of B? (6M+9M)
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Code No: R22211 R10 SET - 2
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April – 2012
MECHANISMS AND MECHANCIAL DESIGN
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. a) How kinematic pairs are classified based on the type of relative motion? Explain with
sketches.
b) Derive the condition of exact straight line motion. Describe a mechanism consisting of
turning pairs only giving a straight line motion to a point. (8M+7M)
2. In a slider crank mechanism, the crank is 480 mm long and rotates at 20 rad/s in the counter
clockwise direction. The length of the connecting rod is 1.6m.When the crank turns 600 from
the inner-dead centre, determine i) the velocity and acceleration of the slider ii) angular
velocity and angular acceleration of the connecting rod. (15M)
3. In a four bar chain ABCD, AD is fixed and is 150 mm long. The crank AB is 40 mm long and
rotates at 120 rpm, clockwise, while the link CD=80mm oscillates about D. BC and AD are of
same length. Locate all the instantaneous centres and find the angular velocity of the link BC
when angle BAD is 60 degrees. (15M)
4. a) Discuss gyroscopic effects on Aeroplane.
b) The motor of the turbine of a ship has a mass of 2500 kg and rotates at a speed of 3200 rpm
counter clockwise when viewed from stern. The rotor has radius of gyration of 0.4m.
Determine the gyroscopic couple and its effect when i) the ship steers to the left in a curve of
80 m radius at a speed of 30 km/hr ii) the ship pitches 50 above and 50 below the normal
position and the bow is descending with its maximum velocity. The pitching motion is simple
harmonic with a periodic time of 40 seconds ii) the ship rolls and at the instant, its angular
velocity is 0.4 rad/s clockwise when viewed from stern. (6M+9M)
5. a) What is pressure angle with respect to cams? Explain its significance.
b) Prove that acceleration of the follower is uniform when it has parabolic motion during out
stroke. (7M+8M)
6. A cam profile consists of two circular arcs of radii 24 mm and 12 mm, joined by straight lines,
giving the follower a lift of 12 mm. The follower is a roller of 24 mm radius and its line of
action is a straight line passing through the cam shaft axis. When the cam shaft has a uniform
speed of 500 rpm, find the maximum velocity and acceleration of the follower while in contact
with the straight flank of the cam. (15M)
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Code No: R22211 R10 SET - 2
7. A mild steel shaft has to transmit 70 kW at 240 rpm. The allowable shear stress in the shaft
material is limited to 45 MPa, and the angle of twist is not to exceed one degree in a length of
20 times the shaft diameter. Determine the shaft diameter, and design a cast iron flange
coupling of protected type for the shaft. The shear stress in the coupling bolts is to be limited to
30 MPa. (15M)
8. a) State and derive the law of gearing.
b) Two parallel shafts are connected with the help of two gears one gear on each shaft. The
number of teeth on one gear is 38 and the speed of the shaft is 420 rpm. If the speed ratio is
equal to 3 and circular pitch of the gears is 25 mm, then find i) number of teeth and speed of
other shaft ii) centre distance between two shafts. (6M+9M)
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Code No: R22211 R10 SET - 3
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April – 2012
MECHANISMS AND MECHANCIAL DESIGN
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. a) Sketch and explain different constrained motions (6M+3M+6M)
b) Derive the condition of exact straight line motion.
c) What is a pantograph and what are its uses? Explain the working of pantograph Mechanism.
2. In a four bar chain ABCD, AD is fixed and is 150 mm long. The crank AB is 40 mm long and
rotates at 120 rpm, clockwise, while the link CD=80mm oscillates about D. BC and AD are of
same length. Find the angular acceleration of the link CD when angle BAD is 60 degrees.
(15M)
3. a) Illustrate with sketches, how do you locate instantaneous centre for different combinations of
links?
b) In a four bar mechanism ABCD, points A and C are fixed points 30 cm apart and AB, CD
are links 60 cm and 70 cm long respectively, which are connected by a link BD which is 50 cm
long. If AB rotates with uniform speed of 60 rpm determine the velocity of D using
instantaneous centre method when AB is perpendicular to AC. (6M+9M)
4. a) Discuss gyroscopic effects on naval ships.
b) Each wheel of a motorcycle is of 600 mm diameter and has a moment of inertial of 1.2 kg-
m2. The total mass of the motorcycle and the rider is 180 kg and the combined centre of mass is
580 mm above the ground level when the motor cycle is upright. The moment of inertia of the
rotating parts of the engine is 0.2 kg-m2. The engine speed is 5 times the speed of the wheels
and is in the sense. Determine the angle of heel necessary when the motorcycle takes a turn of
35m radius at a speed of 54 km/hr. (7M+8M)
5. a) Prove that simple harmonic follower motion is recommended to low and moderate speed
cams.
b) How do you classify followers? Describe briefly. (9M+6M)
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Code No: R22211 R10 SET - 3
6. Particulars of a symmetric tangent cam operating a roller follower are as under:
Least radius of cam: 3cm; Roller radius: 1.5cm; angle of ascent: 750; Total lift: 1.5 cm;
Speed of cam shaft: 600rpm.
Calculate the principal dimensions and the equations of displacement curve when the follower
is in contact with straight flank and circular nose. (15M)
7. Design a helical compression spring, to be used for a balance to measure 0 to 1200 N over a
scale of length, 100 mm. The spring is to be enclosed in a space of 35 mm diameter.
Approximate number of turns is 25. Take the modulus of rigidity as 84000 MPa. Also calculate
the maximum shear stress induced. (15M)
8. a) Prove that the velocity ratio in simple gear trains is independent of number of intermediate
gears.
b) A spur gear has a module of 2mm and its pitch line velocity is 0.628 m/s. If the number of
teeth of this spur gear is 30, find circular pitch and speed of the gear. (7M+8M)
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Code No: R22211 R10 SET - 4
II B.Tech II Semester, Regular Examinations, April – 2012
MECHANISMS AND MECHANCIAL DESIGN
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry Equal Marks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. a) Define the terms Machine and Mechanism. How do they differ? (5M+6M+4M)
b) Sketch and explain the mechanism, which is used to connect two parallel non collinear
shafts.
c) Explain with suitable examples the flexible link and fluid link.
2. The crank of a slider crank mechanism is 150 mm and the connecting rod is 600 mm long. The
crank makes 300 rpm in the clockwise direction. When it has turned 45 degrees from the inner
dead centre position, determine: i) acceleration of the mid-point of the connecting rod and
ii) Angular acceleration of connecting rod. (15M)
3. What do you mean by centrode of a body? Explain space and body centrode with respect to a
four bar mechanism. (15M)
4. a) Derive the expressions for the effects of gyroscopic couple and centrifugal force when the
two wheeler make the vehicle to tilt one side.
b) An aircraft makes a half circle of 100 m radius towards left when flying at 400 km/hr. The
engine and the propeller of the plane weighs 4.9 kN having a radius of gyration of 50 cm. The
engine rotates at 3000 rpm clockwise when viewed from the rear. Find the gyroscopic couple
and its effect on the aircraft. (7M+8M)
5. a) Classify cams based on their shape. (4M+6M+5M)
b) Define the following terms: i) Pressure angle ii) pitch curve iii) pitch circle
c) Why uniform motion follower is not preferred in cam follower system?
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Code No: R22211 R10 SET - 4
6. For a tangent cam with circular nose and roller follower prove that the velocity of the follower
sin θ
is given by v = ω (r + r ) ; where r is the least radius of the cam and r1 is the roller
1
cos 2 θ
radius. (15M)
7. A bumper, consisting of two helical steel springs of circular section, brings to rest; a railway
wagon of mass 1500 kg and moving at 1.2 m/s. While doing so, the springs are compressed by
150 mm. the mean diameter of the coils is 6 times the wire diameter. The permissible shear
stress is 400 MPa. Determine i) maximum force on each spring ii) wire diameter of the spring
iii) mean diameter of the coils, and iv) number of active coils. Take G=84000MPa. (15M)
8. In a reverted epicyclic train, the arm F carries two wheels A and D and a compound wheel B-C.
The wheel A meshes with B and wheel D meshes with wheel C. The numbers of teeth on wheel
A, D and C are 80, 48 and 72 respectively. Find the speed and direction of wheel D when wheel
A is fixed and arm F makes 200 rpm clockwise. (15M)
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