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Basic Hardware Components of A Computer

The document describes the basic hardware components of a personal computer. It lists the major internal and external components, including the monitor, motherboard, CPU, RAM, expansion cards, power supply unit, optical drive, hard disk drive, keyboard, and mouse. It provides a brief 1-2 sentence description of each component and its function within the computer system.

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Shreesh Bhardwaj
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5K views

Basic Hardware Components of A Computer

The document describes the basic hardware components of a personal computer. It lists the major internal and external components, including the monitor, motherboard, CPU, RAM, expansion cards, power supply unit, optical drive, hard disk drive, keyboard, and mouse. It provides a brief 1-2 sentence description of each component and its function within the computer system.

Uploaded by

Shreesh Bhardwaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SHREESH BHARDWAJ

19124051
FY CSE

Basic hardware components of a computer:

Hardware refers to the physical elements of a computer. Also referred to as the machinery
or the equipment of the computer. Examples of hardware in a computer are the keyboard,
the monitor, the mouse and the processing unit However, most of a computer's hardware
cannot be seen; it’s inside the computer
case.

Inside a personal computer:


1. Monitor
2. Motherboard
3. CPU (Microprocessor)
4. Main memory (RAM)
5. Expansion cards.
6. Power supply unit.
7. Optical disc drive.
8. Hard disk drive (HDD).
9. Keyboard.
10. Mouse.

1. Monitor: A monitor is an output device that is used to display the outputs of the
processed data and also helps the user in better communicating with the system.
2. Motherboard: A motherboard is an internal component of a computer system that
generally helps the processor to function as well as is used in controlling each and
every hardware component of a computer especially the clock cell!
3. CPU (Microprocessor): A microprocessor is nothing but the brain of a computer
that actually helps the system software to respond to the particular queries that user
has made or to initiate the command that user has ordered.
4. Main memory (RAM): It is the storage component of a computer that actually
comes into the picture when the PC is working and stores the data for a temporary
basis which helps the system to maintain its processing speed.
5. Expansion cards: In computing, the expansion card, expansion board, adapter card
or accessory card is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an electrical

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SHREESH BHARDWAJ
19124051
FY CSE
connector, or expansion slot, on a computer motherboard, backplane or riser card
to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus.
6. Power supply unit: A power supply unit (or PSU) converts mains AC to low-voltage
regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer. Modern
personal computers universally use switched-mode power supplies.
7. Optical disk drive: An optical drive is a type of computer disk drive that reads and
writes data from optical disks through laser beaming technology. This type
of drive allows a user to retrieve, edit and delete the content from optical disks such
as CDs, DVDs and Blue-ray disks.
8. Hard Disk Drive (HDD): A hard disk drive (HDD) is a non-
volatile computer storage device containing magnetic disks or platters rotating at
high speeds. It is a secondary storage device used to store data permanently,
random access memory (RAM) being the primary memory device.
9. Keyboard: A keyboard is a main source of input to a computer that helps the user
in giving instructions / commands to the computer.
10. Mouse: A mouse is that kind of input source to a computer that helps in clicking,
selecting, dragging and scrolling.

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